From daemon Tue Feb 2 02:54:26 1999 Received: by net.bio.net (8.9.1a/8.9.1) id CAA22275; Tue, 2 Feb 1999 02:54:26 -0800 (PST) Date: Tue, 2 Feb 1999 02:54:26 -0800 (PST) Message-Id: <199902021054.CAA22275@net.bio.net> To: annelida@net.bio.net Reply-To: annelida@net.bio.net From: "Harry A. ten Hove" Subject: Earthworms in rice fields Via via the next message found its way to my table, may it speak for itself. >Dear Prof. dr. Schram, >Dr. Jo van den Biggelaar, Utrecht University, The Netherlands >(J.A.M.vandenBiggelaar@bio.uu.nl) referred me to you for possible >assistance. Will it be possible for you to identify the earthworm species >collected by us in the Ifugao Rice Terraces (IRT), Philippines? Currently, >we are having a big problem of these earthworms in the rice terraces and we >have great difficulty in identifying the species. I can send you the >material as soon as I hear positive from you. Your assistance in this >matter will be highly acknowledged and appreciated. Thanks and regards. My >address is as follows: >Dr. R.C. Joshi, FRES (Lon.) >Senior Research Fellow >Crop Protection Division >Philippine Rice Research Institute (PhilRice) >Maligaya, Muñoz, Nueva Ecija-3119 >Philippines >E-mail: joshiravi@hotmail.com >Telefax: 0063-44-4560647 > Harry A. ten Hove Institute for Systematics and Ecology Zoological Museum, University of Amsterdam POB 94766, 1090 GT AMSTERDAM TEL. 3120 5256906 FAX. 3120 5255402 -- ANNELIDA Discuss = annelida@net.bio.net = talk to all members Server = biosci-server@net.bio.net = un/subscribes Archives = http://www.bio.net:80/hypermail/ANNELIDA/ Resources = http://biodiversity.uno.edu/~worms/annelid.html -- From daemon Tue Feb 2 13:21:30 1999 Received: by net.bio.net (8.9.1a/8.9.1) id NAA22220; Tue, 2 Feb 1999 13:21:30 -0800 (PST) Date: Tue, 2 Feb 1999 13:21:30 -0800 (PST) Message-Id: <199902022121.NAA22220@net.bio.net> To: annelida@net.bio.net From: "Geoff Read" Reply-To: annelida@net.bio.net Subject: Annelida replies reminder Hello ANNELIDA folks, Yup, there's another outbreak of private replies coming to the list and thus to its moderator. It's my pleasant duty to decide what to do with them. If it's requests for free copies (a very generous offer by Pat. You don't know how lucky you are out there!), or reprints, they get junked. Sorry. Once I would have forwarded them but no more. You have been warned. On the other hand if it's a helpful reply it gets forwarded privately (mostly) or sent to the list (rarely), depending on my judgement and mood. You have been warned. I am not a mind reader. Please CHECK THE ADDRESS header you are replying to with ANY mail coming from a public list, before you click the button. Check there is only one address there (made that mistake myself). Check the CC line also. Nothing above is directed at any particular individual. I love you all. And keep the messages coming :-) Thanks, Geoff -- Geoff Read -- ANNELIDA LIST Discuss = = talk to all members Server = = un/subscribes Archives = http://www.bio.net:80/hypermail/ANNELIDA/ Resources = http://biodiversity.uno.edu/~worms/annelid.html -- From daemon Tue Feb 2 13:21:30 1999 Received: by net.bio.net (8.9.1a/8.9.1) id NAA22217; Tue, 2 Feb 1999 13:21:30 -0800 (PST) Date: Tue, 2 Feb 1999 13:21:30 -0800 (PST) Message-Id: <199902022121.NAA22217@net.bio.net> To: annelida@net.bio.net From: Robin_Jung@usgs.gov (Robin Jung) Reply-To: annelida@net.bio.net Subject: Worm rooters Hello Annelida Group. I heard of a device which is used to make earthworms come up to the surface that relies on electrical currents or vibrations. Does anyone have any information about these "worm rooters" and where I might be able to find one? I work on terrestrial salamanders and am interested in trying out techniques which allow us to determine actual population size of salamanders in a given area. We use capture-recapture techniques as well, but recapture rates are often low, making population estimates difficult. Thank you very much for your help. I appreciate any information you can send me about "worm rooters." Sincerely, Robin Elizabeth Jung, Ph.D. Wildlife Biologist USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center 12100 Beech Forest Rd. Laurel, MD 20708-4038 robin_jung@usgs.gov 301/497-5875 301/497-5784 (FAX) -- ANNELIDA LIST Discuss = = talk to all members Server = = un/subscribes Archives = http://www.bio.net:80/hypermail/ANNELIDA/ Resources = http://biodiversity.uno.edu/~worms/annelid.html -- From daemon Thu Feb 4 12:56:37 1999 Received: by net.bio.net (8.9.1a/8.9.1) id MAA09211; Thu, 4 Feb 1999 12:56:37 -0800 (PST) Date: Thu, 4 Feb 1999 12:56:37 -0800 (PST) Message-Id: <199902042056.MAA09211@net.bio.net> To: annelida@net.bio.net From: "88PROBSTD" <88PROBSTD@clsg.org.uk> Reply-To: annelida@net.bio.net Subject: Question about earthworms. I'm looking for information on earthworms, for a Biology project which needs sources. What I need is to know about their habits, likes and dislikes. I want to compare numbers - wet mass - with where they live, in woodlands or grassland. Does anybody have any advice? Yours, Diana, new member to the list. <88PROBSTD@clsg.org.uk> -- ANNELIDA LIST Discuss = = talk to all members Server = = un/subscribes Archives = http://www.bio.net:80/hypermail/ANNELIDA/ Resources = http://biodiversity.uno.edu/~worms/annelid.html -- From daemon Thu Feb 4 17:49:27 1999 Received: by net.bio.net (8.9.1a/8.9.1) id RAA23999; Thu, 4 Feb 1999 17:49:27 -0800 (PST) Date: Thu, 4 Feb 1999 17:49:27 -0800 (PST) Message-Id: <199902050149.RAA23999@net.bio.net> To: annelida@net.bio.net Reply-To: annelida@net.bio.net From: satans secretary Subject: Re: Question about earthworms. Hello, I also have a Biology project on annelids to do.. (which is most of the reason that I subscribed to this list). I need examples/form and function.. although I have most of the stuff I'll need.. it would be nice if somewhat of an expert, or at least someone who knows more about annelids than I, could help me out and/or give advice. thank you, Nicole, another new member. At 12:56 PM 2/4/1999 -0800, you wrote: >I'm looking for information on earthworms, for a Biology project >which >needs sources. What I need is to know about their habits, likes and >dislikes. I want to compare numbers - wet mass - with where they >live, in >woodlands or grassland. Does anybody have any advice? >Yours, Diana, new member to the list. > ><88PROBSTD@clsg.org.uk> -- ANNELIDA LIST Discuss = = talk to all members Server = = un/subscribes Archives = http://www.bio.net:80/hypermail/ANNELIDA/ Resources = http://biodiversity.uno.edu/~worms/annelid.html -- scientists would be as obliging to respond to enquiries from random strangers. On the web her College of William & Mary page is still up, and has not been updated. There is a brief in memoriam at the web site of 'Physiological Zoology' of which she was editor, and also in the Alumni newsletter. http://www.wm.edu/biology/Mangum.html http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/PZ/mangum.html http://www.wm.edu/biology/BioBugle/ Geoff -- Geoff Read -- ANNELIDA LIST Discuss = = talk to all members Server = = un/subscribes Archives = http://www.bio.net:80/hypermail/ANNELIDA/ Resources = http://biodiversity.uno.edu/~worms/annelid.html -- From daemon Thu Feb 4 18:11:17 1999 Received: (from daemon@localhost) by net.bio.net (8.9.1a/8.9.1) id SAA26203; Thu, 4 Feb 1999 18:11:17 -0800 (PST) Date: Thu, 4 Feb 1999 18:11:17 -0800 (PST) Message-Id: <199902050211.SAA26203@net.bio.net> To: annelida@net.bio.net From: "Millard C. Davis" Reply-To: annelida@net.bio.net Subject: Re: Question about earthworms. 88PROBSTD wrote: > I'm looking for information on earthworms, for a Biology project > which needs sources. What I need is to know about their habits, likes and > dislikes. I want to compare numbers - wet mass - with where they live, in > woodlands or grassland. Does anybody have any advice? > Yours, Diana, new member to the list. > > <88PROBSTD@clsg.org.uk> A bit I did a summer ago: EARTHWORMS MORE OR LESS by Millard C. Davis Charles Darwin once presented figures on the large, even astounding numbers of earthworms in field soil. Realizing that these worms are beneficial to agricultural and horticultural grounds as well, I did a study during the summer of 1996 to estimate their numbers in vegetable and flower gardens and lawns. It is interesting to consider that these may be part of the original earthworm fauna of this part of North America, since no lumbricids survived in soil of the Pleistocene glaciation (2: 225), the terminal moraine of which snakes across northern New Jersey from near Lake Perth Amboy through the Lake Hopatcong area to the Delaware River at Belvidere (13: 122). How rapidly earthworms might have spread with the retreat of the glacial lobes is indicated by the following (4: 20): There is little information on the horizontal dispersal of earthworms, though Hamblyn & Dingwall (1945) claimed A. caliginosa could advance by 10 m per year from inoculation points in recently limed grasslands. Stein et al (1992) studied the horizontal dispersal of A. caliginosa, A. longa and L. rubellus in permanent grassland between 1983 and 1990 and found an overall rate of 13 m per year. L. terrestris has been found to move up to 19 m on the soil surface in one night (Mather & Christensen, 1988). The overall site was an old farm, Barclay Historic Farmstead, Cherry Hill, New Jersey, of thirty-two acres of woods, marsh, stream, open grounds, and farmhouse, dating back to about 1822; it had been preserved by the Township of Cherry Hill as a living museum. Thus tours of history, done primarily by a society known as The Friends of Barclay Farmstead, are held, often in clothes typical of the early nineteenth century, in the house and on the closely surrounding grounds. About four acres are left in a gardenable condition for the public to rent and garden plot by plot, thus preserving the original usage as a working farm. Two sites are used, 8 meters apart; one, roughly in the shape of a chair is 10,593 m2 and the other a rectangle of about 27 x 96 meters or 2592 m2 in size, a total of 13,185 m2 or 3.35 acres. Over 100 plots, averaging 8 by 10 meters, or about 80 m2 each, were worked by gardeners this summer, an average rental. Another couple and I took care of a plot that was about 8 x 13m, or 104m2. Plots were mostly planted to vegetables, though flowers were generally included; the township has suggested that twenty percent of each plot have garden flowers so as to keep the floral aspect strong. In addition to the Barclay plots I investigated a few local flower gardens, all of which were much smaller than the 80 m 2 format. For each overall area I also checked for earthworms in neighboring lawn grass. The earthworm digs were done with a spade, quickly lest injured worms send out alarms that would cause others of the kind to disperse (1: 155), and each dig was a cube that measured approximately 10 cm.3 In terms of surface, that would be 103.2 cm.2/dig, 96.9 digs per square meter. In the Barclay plots I made 5 digs each, spaced out in an X form, with a dig toward each corner and a fifth in the center. Home garden plots varied according to the shape of the plot, mostly slender and longitudinal. Through July and August I investigated 19 Barclay garden plots and 5 home ones, giving me a total of 135 digs. Paralleling these were 19 lawn digs, 6 of these being in home lawns. The 135 garden digs resulted in a total of 40 earthworms, or 0.30 worms per dig, making an estimated 30 worms per square meter; in ten of these digs I unearthed plants to see if any worms were there and found none. The 19 lawn digs resulted in 52 earthworms, or 2.74 worms per dig, estimating out to 274 worms/m2. This gives a ratio lawn/garden of 9.13 :1 worms. Thus lawns would seem to average far more earthworms per volume than gardens. Early in November I also made seven digs in a lawn in Leavenworth, Kansas, and got an average of 6.4 worms per dig as confirmation of the New Jersey finds. Only two of the gardens had had any pesticide applied, and there were no observed differences here, but the samples were too small to admit to any conclusions. Several of the gardens of the above listing had been mulched, either in part or in whole. Of the mulched digs, 22 (out of the above 135), I counted 25 earthworms or an average of 1.14 per dig, or 114/m2. In the non-mulched 113 digs I found 15 worms, or an average of 0.13 per dig, or 13/m2. When we compare the mulched dig average, 1.14, to that of the lawn digs, 2.74, we get 0.42; thus there are about 40% as many earthworms in a mulched garden as in a lawn. Comparing the average in non-mulched gardens, 0.13, to lawns, 2.74, we get 0.47, or slightly less than 5% as many. Some of the garden plots where I dug were grassy, especially along a lawn side. Of 10 of these digs, part of the original 125, I found 4 worms, or an average of 0.4 worms per dig. I think that the explanation for this pronounced difference in lawn versus garden is that the earthworms here find more preferred plant matter both on and in the soil of lawns. Grasslands have been found to support as many as 30-2,000 earthworms in one square meter of soil (10). Thus it should be no surprise that earthworms may be so active in their consuming that species in tallgrass prairies can be so active that they may consume 4- 10% of the total A horizon of soil, amounting to 10% of the total soil organic matter in the top 15cm or 100-300% of the annual root biomass production (6). Mulch does add edible plant matter to both the soil surface and the subsoil. Lawns offer blades of grass which the worms cut and add to their middens for later ingesting, after bacteria and fungi have been breaking the plant tissues down. The garden plant leaves are, on the whole, far out of reach on long comparatively thick stems, while the grassblades, slender and sufficiently succulent, begin essentially at ground level. Fallen leaves in general are often quick to disappear to earthworms, the soft leaves of such trees as ash, basswood, and maple quickly decaying and then being devoured by the worms, becoming humus topsoil within a matter of a few months (12: 105). Also those worms appearing above ground in the gardens are more open to damage from drying and ultraviolet light, as well as being detected by potential faunal enemies. Finally, gardens are often turned over, and the Barclay plots are ploughed up, each spring and fall. A cover of winter rye grass is, however, added to the Barclay garden grounds each October as winter cover; this would probably enhance earthworm presence there where it exists already and would invite more in from the surrounding lawn. In fact, during early October I made 20 digs in Barclay plots, each dig about one meter in from the lawn. Nine of these resulted in one worm each, one had two, an overall average of one per dig or 0.50 worms/dig. Probably of greatest significance is this evidence of worms working their way into the garden, in these cases non-mulched garden plots. As a check lest these worms were simply ones that had been there before in the parts of the gardens next to lawn grass, I reviewed my charts of the digs and culled out those which were made alongside lawn grass. In the total of 32 such digs I found 10 worms, or 0.31 worms/dig. Of the 32 digs, 27 were in non-mulched plots, and here I found one worm, or 0.04 worms/dig. In the five in mulched soil I found a total of 9 worms, or 1.8 worms/dig. These results seem to indicate that the worms found in the plots during October where grass was coming in were indeed invaders. Their return to the garden space follows findings in no-tillage agriculture, where plots with weed returns to soil reveal that the 35% of weed biomass N (38 kg N.ha-1) is mineralized rapidly; weeds act as reservoirs of nitrogen (N), with the improved structure of the soil benefiting land undergoing drought conditions, fungi taking a major role in the cycling of nutrients (8). This activity of fungi is known to take place even among fallen pine needles once they have been ingested and excreted by earthworms, with the feces of the lumbricid Dendrobaena octaedra usually being penetrated by the brown hyphae of the mycorrhizal fungus Cenococcum geophilum (9: 108). Evidence here presented seems to suggest that one might do well to make a point of introducing earthworms into one’s garden, possibly from the nearest lawn, their benefits being at least that they aerate, drain, and churn the soil, mixing it further in as during their burrowing the worms send organic matter deeper and lower soil is brought up as castings (2: 224). Their burrowing also reduces soil compaction (4: 19). Since earthworms do best in soils with much organic matter, especially those with humus on the surface (2: 223), mulching can be valuable, as seems indicated by this present study and was shown earlier in areas of a tropical forest ecosystem where mulches of Acioa, Gliricidia, and Leucanea were shown to increase earthworm populations by 40% (11). Some gardeners use wheat straw as a mulch; possibly its decomposition by earthworms can be enhanced by inoculating it with saprotrophic fungi, with certain species of fungi being preferred over others by earthworms and also being more likely to be dispersed though the soil by worm travel (7: 1212). This latter transfer of soil microorganisms by earthworms has also been found occurring among genetically modified microorganisms (GMMs), being moved both vertically and horizontally (4:2), with lumbricids in general being probably the most significant transporters of fungi in soil (4: 20). Earthworms are especially important movers in many temperate and tropical grasslands and forests, where they often dominate (4: 23); fertile agricultural soils that are dominated by bacteria also find earthworms predominant (4: 24). Again, the importance of mulching appears, for the presence of surface soil organic matter seems to increase the burrowing activity of worms and thence raise their potential for transporting useful microorganisms (5). Liming can also help, for acid soils can be unfavorable habitats because they lack the free calcium ions needed to eliminate excessive carbon dioxide in the blood(2: 224), the carbon dioxide being combined with the calcium and excreted as calcite (2: 213), calcium carbonate (3: 298). If these efforts were made, one might even see more robins pecking in one’s garden, a thing conspicuously missing in the Barclay plots. References 1. Agosta, William. 1996. Bombardier Beetles and Fever Trees. Addison- Wesley Publishing Company, New York 2. Barnes, Robert D. 1963. Invertebrate Zoology. W. B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia 3. Borradaile, L. A., and F. A. Potts. 1959. The Invertebrata, 3rd Ed. Cambridge at the University Press. 4. Dighton, John, Helen E. Jones, Clare H. Robinson and John Beckett. 1995. The role of abiotic factors, cultivation practices and soil fauna in the dispersal of genetically modified microorganisms in soils. This paper is a summary of the findings reported to the Department of the Environment (U.K.) under contract PECD 7/8/234 to review the potential of soil fauna and abiotic factors to disperse genetically modified microorganisms (DoE, 1995). 5. Hughes, M.S., C.M. Bull, and B.M. Doube. 1996. Microcosm investigations into the influence of sheep manure on the behavior of the geophagus earthworms Aporrectodea trapezoides and Microscolex dubius. Biol. Fertil. Soils,22: 71-75. In 10: 21. 6. James, S. W. 1991. Soil, nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matter processing by earthworms in tallgrass prairie. Ecology. 72: 2101-2109. 7. Moody, S.A., M.J.I. Briones, T.G. Piearce and J. Dighton. 1995. Selective consumption of decomposing wheat straw by earthworms. Soil Biol. Biochem. Vol. 27 No. 9, pp. 1209-1213. 8. Parmelee, R.W., Beare, M.H., and Blair, J.M. 1989. Decomposition and nitrogen dynamics of surface weed residues in no-tillage agroecosystems under drought conditions: influence of resource quality on the decomposer community. Soil Biol. Biochem. 21: 97-103. 9. Ponge, J.F. 1991. Succession of fungi and fauna during decomposition of needles in a small area of Scots pine litter. Plant and Soil 138: 99-113. 10. Stockli, A. 1945. Schweiz Landwirts Monatshefte, 24 ( ): 3-19. In MacFadyen, A., 1957, Animal Ecology, Aims and Methods, Pitman and Sons, London 11. Tian, G., Brussard, L., and Kang, B. T. 1993. Biological effects of plant residues with contrasting chemical compositions under humid tropical conditions: effects on soil fauna. Soil Biol. Biochem. 25: 731-737. 12. Thomson, Betty Flanders. 1958. The Changing Face of New England. The Macmillan Company, New York 13. Widmer, Kemble. 1964. The Geology and Geography of New Jersey. D. Van Nostrand Company, Inc., Princeton, New Jersey Millard C. Davis -- ANNELIDA LIST Discuss = = talk to all members Server = = un/subscribes Archives = http://www.bio.net:80/hypermail/ANNELIDA/ Resources = http://biodiversity.uno.edu/~worms/annelid.html -- From daemon Fri Feb 5 00:26:28 1999 Received: by net.bio.net (8.9.1a/8.9.1) id AAA10717; Fri, 5 Feb 1999 00:26:28 -0800 (PST) Date: Fri, 5 Feb 1999 00:26:28 -0800 (PST) Message-Id: <199902050826.AAA10717@net.bio.net> To: annelida@net.bio.net From: "Helmut Zibrowius" Reply-To: annelida@net.bio.net Subject: Introduced worm? A paper published recently in the possibly little known French (!) journal "Marine Life" (Fondation Ricard) reports Leiochrides australis Augener, 1914, as well established in coastal waters all around Italy (Ligurian, Tyrrhenian, Ionian and Adriatic Seas), in natural (not harbour) environments and considers this worm as an introduction from Australia. Soft polychaete and especially capitellid workers may try to evaluate the likeliness of such an event and such a success. Gravina M.F., Mollica E., Somaschini A., 1998. First report of Leiochrides australis Augener, 1914 (Polychaeta, Capitellidae) from the Mediterranean Sea and notes on the genus Leiochrides. Marine Life (Fondation Ricard; France), 6 (1-2): 35-39. * published in 1998, even though the cover and p. 35 (and thereby reprints) indicate 1996. ----------------------------------- Helmut ZIBROWIUS (Centre d'Oceanologie de Marseille) Station Marine d'Endoume Rue Batterie des Lions 13007 Marseille / France E-MAIL: hzibrowi@com.univ-mrs.fr TEL: within France 0491041624 from abroad +33 491041624 FAX: within France 0491041635 from abroad +33 491041635 --------------------------------------------------------- -- ANNELIDA Discuss = annelida@net.bio.net = talk to all members Server = biosci-server@net.bio.net = un/subscribes Archives = http://www.bio.net:80/hypermail/ANNELIDA/ Resources = http://biodiversity.uno.edu/~worms/annelid.html -- From daemon Fri Feb 5 12:03:02 1999 Received: by net.bio.net (8.9.1a/8.9.1) id MAA10004; Fri, 5 Feb 1999 12:03:02 -0800 (PST) Date: Fri, 5 Feb 1999 12:03:02 -0800 (PST) Message-Id: <199902052003.MAA10004@net.bio.net> To: annelida@net.bio.net From: "idaho" Reply-To: annelida@net.bio.net Subject: Branchiobdellid research Dear Annelidans, I've been lurking on this list for a couple of years without a post now. But finally I have things to share and help to ask for. I am completing a body of research on branchiobdellids, one of the neglected but interesting groups of annelid worms. If you're not familiar with them, branchiobdellid are symbionts which attach to the exoskeletons of freshwater decapods. My research has been both physiological and ecological in nature and I have attempted to clarify many of the unknowns in the relationship between the worms and their hosts. The second thrust of my work has been in the area of distribution and host specificity of the worms when presented with naturally occurring populations of sympatric potential hosts. I would be very interested in hearing from any other branchiobdellid researchers on the list. I would also like to hear any information you guys have concerning recent papers on branchiobdellids. If you've ever looked at the literature on these guys you'll know that about 95% of it is taxonomic in nature with very little devoted to the physiological or community ecology of the organisms. Information on new papers is also difficult to come by, so if you know anything, drop me a line. Bryan L. Brown -- ANNELIDA Discuss = annelida@net.bio.net = talk to all members Server = biosci-server@net.bio.net = un/subscribes Archives = http://www.bio.net:80/hypermail/ANNELIDA/ Resources = http://biodiversity.uno.edu/~worms/annelid.html -- From daemon Fri Feb 12 00:50:55 1999 Received: by net.bio.net (8.9.1a/8.9.1) id AAA13687; Fri, 12 Feb 1999 00:50:55 -0800 (PST) Date: Fri, 12 Feb 1999 00:50:55 -0800 (PST) Message-Id: <199902120850.AAA13687@net.bio.net> To: annelida@net.bio.net From: "Geoff Read" Reply-To: annelida@net.bio.net Subject: On the origin of Charles On this day, 12 February, exactly one hundred and ninety years ago, a son was born to Susannah and Robert. This child, after a slow start, became in later life a VERY IMPORTANT BIOLOGIST, now occupying a unique position in the history of ideas. Happy anniversary to the only annelid worker to have a city named in his honour! :-) -- Geoff Read -- ANNELIDA Discuss = annelida@net.bio.net = talk to all members Server = biosci-server@net.bio.net = un/subscribes Archives = http://www.bio.net:80/hypermail/ANNELIDA/ Resources = http://biodiversity.uno.edu/~worms/annelid.html -- From daemon Fri Feb 12 02:47:08 1999 Received: (from daemon@localhost) by net.bio.net (8.9.1a/8.9.1) id CAA23739; Fri, 12 Feb 1999 02:47:08 -0800 (PST) Date: Fri, 12 Feb 1999 02:47:08 -0800 (PST) Message-Id: <199902121047.CAA23739@net.bio.net> To: annelida@net.bio.net From: BIOSCI Administrator Reply-To: annelida@net.bio.net Subject: BIOSCI/bionet miniFAQ & Fundraiser (LAST REVISION: 30-JUL-95) This BIOSCI "miniFAQ" is designed to answer the questions that come up the *most frequently*. The main BIOSCI FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions) is accessible on the World Wide Web at URL http://www.bio.net/. If you can not find an answer to your question in this or other documentation, the BIOSCI technical support staff answers e-mail queries sent to biosci-help@net.bio.net We can only answer questions about the use of the newsgroups and mailing lists. We unfortunately do not have the staff to do Internet information searches or answer scientific questions. Please post those to the appropriate BIOSCI/bionet newsgroups. Contents: -------- 0) BIOSCI NEEDS YOUR SUPPORT!! 1) Using the WWW to access the BIOSCI/bionet newsgroups. 2) What to do about "spams," i.e., junk mail, ads, etc. 3) Examples of subscribing and unsubscribing to the mailing lists. 4) The BIOSCI user address and research interest directory. 0) BIOSCI NEEDS YOUR SUPPORT!! ------------------------------ BIOSCI's government funding has been expended, and we are now operating solely from advertising revenue that we have raised from our Web site at http://www.bio.net/. We need just a few minutes of your time to help us serve you. You can do two important things which will take very little time for you individually and will immensely help us continue to help you. First, please use our WWW system at http://www.bio.net/ to access the archives. You can post or reply to messages via your Web browser as described in item #1 below. Your usage helps attract sponsors. If you contact any of our sponsors, please be sure to thank them for supporting BIOSCI. It is critical for them to get this feedback if they are to continue their sponsorship for the long term. Second, if you work for a company or organization that provides products or services of interest to the biology community, please pass this message on to your marketing or marketing communications department or other appropriate group. Please ask them to help support BIOSCI by sponsoring our Web site and explain the uses and benefits of the system to the biology community. If they are interested, they can then contact us for further information at our tech support address, biosci-help@net.bio.net. 1) Using the WWW to access the BIOSCI/bionet newsgroups. -------------------------------------------------------- As of 10 December 1995, all BIOSCI/bionet full newsgroups are accessible through the World Wide Web (WWW) at URL http://www.bio.net. One can read and reply publicly or privately to both recent postings and archived messages through one's Web browser if it is configured properly to send e-mail. Each newsgroup is equipped with its own WAIS index. The main BIOSCI home page also has access to the BIO-JOURNALS Table of Contents database WAIS index and the BIOSCI user address database described in another item further below. 2) What to do about "spams," i.e., junk mail, ads, etc. ------------------------------------------------------- BIOSCI is a set of parallel USENET newsgroups (the "bionet" groups), mailing lists, and a hypermail archive at URL http://www.bio.net/. The same postings are distributed on all media (except for a small number of mailing-list-only groups at net.bio.net). Unfortunately it is becoming a despicable practice on the Internet (by a few people out to make a fast buck) to do automated mass postings to thousands of newsgroups and mailing lists. These attempts to grab free advertising are refered to as "spams" in the usual, somewhat boneheaded, net terminology. USENET is more susceptible to this practice, and many spams originate on the USENET groups and then are passed on to the mailing lists. However, spammers also get lists of mailing addresses and hit these too, so neither medium is immune. What should you do personally if you get junk mail? --------------------------------------------------- Just delete it and move on without reading it further. Filing a protest is becoming increasingly useless because spammers are often disguising the addresses where the messages are sent from. Unless you really understand Internet mail systems, your attempt at protest by sending replies to the message will often end up being sent to the address of an innocent person that the spammer is victimizing. What can BIOSCI/bionet do to protect its newsgroups? ---------------------------------------------------- The only solution currently available is to moderate the newsgroup. If this newsgroup is already moderated, then you are in good shape. Moderation protects the USENET distribution from about 95% of the spams that are being sent to date and protects the mailing lists completely. Moderation means, however, that someone has to take the time to review each message before it goes out. We have set up software here that simply allows the moderator to forward to an address at net.bio.net messages that (s)he wishes to have distributed. This takes no more time than that needed to read the message and pass it on, say about 1 min. per message. Most newsgroups currently have a discussion leader who is responsible for their newsgroup. The discussions leaders and their e-mail addresses are listed in the BIOSCI Information Sheet which is available on the Web at http://www.bio.net/. If a newsgroup is being hit with too many junk postings, please contact the discussion leader for that group and see if there is interest in moderating the group. Please do not assume that by simply posting a complaint to the newsgroup itself, anyone on the BIOSCI staff will act on your complaint. With close to 100 newsgroups to run, the BIOSCI staff has to rely on the discussion leaders of each newsgroup to report problems directly to us at biosci-help@net.bio.net. We will moderate any of our newsgroups if the discussion leader tells us that the readership of the group wishes to do so and if a moderator is willing to do the work. For most BIOSCI/bionet groups, this entails only a few minutes of work each day. Moderating a newsgroup will resolve probably 95% of the junk postings on the USENET distribution. Unfortunately there are easy ways for determined spammers to override the moderation mechanism on USENET, but we can protect our e-mail subscribers from unwanted postings if the newsgroup is moderated. You can also access our newsgroups over the WWW at URL http://www.bio.net. While this Web interface will not stop spammers from trying to post to the groups, this will give you yet another way, besides using USENET news, to keep the junk out of your personal mail files. For those of you with local USENET news systems, the Web interface will also give you faster access to new newsgroups and recent postings. 3) Examples of subscribing and unsubscribing to the mailing lists. ------------------------------------------------------------------ PLEASE NOTE: The BIOSCI management does NOT act on subscription/unsubscription requests that are posted improperly to the newsgroups and mailing lists. People who do this only bother everyone on the lists to no avail. Please be sure to follow the proper procedures below. Gory details are in the BIOSCI Information sheets on the Web at http://www.bio.net. Below we give an example utilizing the METHODS-AND-REAGENTS list at both of our two BIOSCI sites: Users in the Americas and Pacific Rim countries who use the BIOSCI ------------------------------------------------------------------ node at computer net.bio.net: ---------------------------- A) Determine the "listname" which is the <=8 character mail address ^^^^^^^^^^^^^ for the group. These can be found in the BIOSCI Info. Sheet. For the METHODS-AND-REAGENTS group the mailing address is methods@net.bio.net. The listname is the portion of the address to the left of the @ sign, i.e., "methods". The listname is used with the "subscribe" and "unsubscribe" commands illustrated below. B) Mail all commands in the body of a mail message addressed to biosci-server@net.bio.net. Do NOT send commands to the newsgroup posting addresses! Leave the Subject: line blank, any text on it will be ignored. C) In the body of your message put one or more of the following commands with an "end" command on the last line, e.g., subscribe methods unsubscribe methods end Do NOT put your e-mail address or other text on these lines. The server only allows you to cancel your subscription if the address on your mail header matches the address on our mailing list. Please ask for help at biosci-help@net.bio.net if your address has changed, e.g., if you know you are on the list but the server tells you that you are not a member. Users in Europe, Africa, and Central Asia who use the BIOSCI node at -------------------------------------------------------------------- computer daresbury.ac.uk (also known as dl.ac.uk): ------------------------------------------------- To subscribe and unsubscribe to/from the BIOSCI lists, you need to specify the full USENET newsgroup name with "bionet-news." prepended. The USENET newsgroup names are listed in the BIOSCI Information sheet on the Web at http://www.bio.net/. For the METHODS-AND-REAGENTS list the USENET newsgroup name is bionet.molbio.methds-reagnts, thus the appropriate commands are sub bionet-news.bionet.molbio.methds-reagnts unsub bionet-news.bionet.molbio.methds-reagnts These commands are included in a message addressed to mxt@dl.ac.uk, NOT to the newsgroup mailing addresses. As usual, include the text in the body of the message as text on the Subject: line is ignored. To unsubscribe from all the lists at the UK node, use unsub bionet-news Please note that if the address in the list is different than the one in your mail message header, you will not be able to unsubscribe by this method. If you have problems, please mail biosci@daresbury.ac.uk. 4) The BIOSCI user address and research interest directory. ----------------------------------------------------------- Please take this opportunity to add your name, address, and research interest information to the BIOSCI User Address Database if you have not already done so. You can fill out the address form directly through our Web page at URL http://www.bio.net/adrform.html. The address database is reindexed nightly for WWW access (the URL is http://www.bio.net/). If you are not directly on the Internet but can reach it by e-mail, please use our waismail server to access the user directory. waismail use is described above. You can also request a user address form by e-mail from biosci-help@net.bio.net. Please check your database entry from time-to-time to see if your address information is still up-to-date. Because of our limited personnel resources, we ask that you resubmit a *complete* form to revise your entry; we only replace complete entries and do not have resources to edit old forms. -- ANNELIDA Discuss = annelida@net.bio.net = talk to all members Server = biosci-server@net.bio.net = un/subscribes Archives = http://www.bio.net:80/hypermail/ANNELIDA/ Resources = http://biodiversity.uno.edu/~worms/annelid.html -- From daemon Fri Feb 12 10:55:16 1999 Received: by net.bio.net (8.9.1a/8.9.1) id KAA03298; Fri, 12 Feb 1999 10:55:16 -0800 (PST) Date: Fri, 12 Feb 1999 10:55:16 -0800 (PST) Message-Id: <199902121855.KAA03298@net.bio.net> To: annelida@net.bio.net From: "Kristian Fauchald" Reply-To: annelida@net.bio.net Subject: On the origin of Charles -Reply In Honor of the Jubilant, I might mention a relatively new book I am reading now: Michael Ruse, From monad to man. It does have a subtitle I cannot remember at this point, but OUR HERO is featured prominently in a study of the relationship between evolutionary thinking, the idea of progress in biology (from low to high) and the idea of Progress in Society at large. I am enjoying it a great deal and have learned something about the thinking of scientists I had not anticipated. Recommended. Kristian Fauchald -- ANNELIDA Discuss = annelida@net.bio.net = talk to all members Server = biosci-server@net.bio.net = un/subscribes Archives = http://www.bio.net:80/hypermail/ANNELIDA/ Resources = http://biodiversity.uno.edu/~worms/annelid.html -- From daemon Fri Feb 12 20:23:12 1999 Received: by net.bio.net (8.9.1a/8.9.1) id UAA16788; Fri, 12 Feb 1999 20:23:12 -0800 (PST) Date: Fri, 12 Feb 1999 20:23:12 -0800 (PST) Message-Id: <199902130423.UAA16788@net.bio.net> To: annelida@net.bio.net From: "Petersen, Mary Elizabeth (MSX)" Reply-To: annelida@net.bio.net Subject: RE: On the origin of Charles -Reply Just for the record, OUR HERO and the assassinated American president whose birthday used to be celebrated today were also born in the same year! Mary E. Petersen Mepetersen@zmuc.ku.dk -- ANNELIDA Discuss = annelida@net.bio.net = talk to all members Server = biosci-server@net.bio.net = un/subscribes Archives = http://www.bio.net:80/hypermail/ANNELIDA/ Resources = http://biodiversity.uno.edu/~worms/annelid.html -- From daemon Sun Feb 14 13:27:55 1999 Received: by net.bio.net (8.9.1a/8.9.1) id NAA01757; Sun, 14 Feb 1999 13:27:55 -0800 (PST) Date: Sun, 14 Feb 1999 13:27:55 -0800 (PST) Message-Id: <199902142127.NAA01757@net.bio.net> To: annelida@net.bio.net From: "Helmut Zibrowius" Reply-To: annelida@net.bio.net Subject: Serpulidae pubs I wonder if of interest for ANNELIDA. I already indicated it to a few serpulid workers. ---------------- Di Geronimo I., D'Atri A., La Perna R., Rosso A., Sanfilippo R., Violanti D., 1997. The Pleistocene bathyal section of Archi (southern Italy). Bollettino della Societa palentologica italiana, Parma, 36 (1-2): 189-212, 3 pl. * contains information on Serpulidae: Filogranula stellata, Hyalopomatus variorugosus, Metavermilia multicristata, Neovermilia falcigera, Placostegus tridentatus, Protula sp., Semivermilia pomatostegoides, Vitreotubus digeronimoi, Serpulidae sp. Sanfilippo R., 1998. Tube morphology and structure of the bathyal Mediterranean serpulid Hyalopomatus variorugosus Ben-Eliahu & Fiege, 1996 (Annelida, Polychaeta). Rivista italiana di paleontologia e stratigraphia, 104 (1): 131-138, pl. 1-2. * dredged from several stations around the Aeolian Islands; fossil from the Early to Middle Pleistocene of Sicily and Calabria. Sanfilippo R., 1998. Spirorbid polychaetes as boreal guests in the Mediterranean Pleistocene. Rivista italiana di paleontologia e stratigraphia, 104 (2): 279-286, pl. 1-2. * Spirorbis spirorbis, Spirorbis coralinae; from 3 localities in Sicily (Early to Middle Pleistocene): Augusta, Valle del Belice, Salice; dredged off SW Sardinia from late Pleistocene sediments. ----------------------------------- Helmut ZIBROWIUS (Centre d'Oceanologie de Marseille) Station Marine d'Endoume Rue Batterie des Lions 13007 Marseille / France E-MAIL: hzibrowi@com.univ-mrs.fr TEL: within France 0491041624 from abroad +33 491041624 FAX: within France 0491041635 from abroad +33 491041635 --------------------------------------------------------- -- ANNELIDA LIST Discuss = = talk to all members Server = = un/subscribes Archives = http://www.bio.net:80/hypermail/ANNELIDA/ Resources = http://biodiversity.uno.edu/~worms/annelid.html -- From daemon Wed Feb 17 13:30:38 1999 Received: by net.bio.net (8.9.1a/8.9.1) id NAA05678; Wed, 17 Feb 1999 13:30:38 -0800 (PST) Date: Wed, 17 Feb 1999 13:30:38 -0800 (PST) Message-Id: <199902172130.NAA05678@net.bio.net> To: annelida@net.bio.net Reply-To: annelida@net.bio.net From: Pedro Fidalgo Subject: Culture article ============================================= Perhaps: Dean,D; Mazurkiewicz,M (1975): Methods of culturing polychaetes. pp. 177-197. IN: Smith, Walter and Matoira H. Chanley, Editors, Culture of Marine Invertebrate Animals. Conference Greenport, N.Y., Oct. 1972, Plenum Press, N.Y. fide, GBR reference service ============================================= Dear Colleagues, Could anyone provide the reference from the article entitled "Culture of Marine Invertebrates Animals (Dean and Mazurkiewicz, 1975)? It's a book? I apologise for the question. Could you please respond off-line. Thanks in advance. Pedro Fidalgo e Costa Laboratório Marítimo da Guia (LMG) Forte Nossa Senhora da Guia, Estrada do Guincho 2750, Cascais, Portugal phone: 351 1 4869211 fax: 351 1 4869720 e-mail: pfidalgo@fc.ul.pt homepage of the Lab.: http://www.fc.ul.pt/centros/lmg -- ANNELIDA LIST Discuss = = talk to all members Server = = un/subscribes Archives = http://www.bio.net:80/hypermail/ANNELIDA/ Resources = http://biodiversity.uno.edu/~worms/annelid.html -- From daemon Thu Feb 18 13:01:20 1999 Received: by net.bio.net (8.9.1a/8.9.1) id NAA17988; Thu, 18 Feb 1999 13:01:20 -0800 (PST) Date: Thu, 18 Feb 1999 13:01:20 -0800 (PST) Message-Id: <199902182101.NAA17988@net.bio.net> To: annelida@net.bio.net Reply-To: annelida@net.bio.net From: Daniel Martin Subject: Symbiotic polychaetes Dear annelida folks, We would like to thank all you for the interest demonstrated in our paper on symbiotic polychaetes. We have been receiving a lot of reprint requests (both electronic and traditional) and we tried to satisfy as much as possible of you. Unfortunately, the amount of requests has exceeded the available reprints so that we are now running out of copies. We apologize for those requests we have not addressed an individual response and we hope this message will reach all colleagues who are still looking for to receive the paper (and will not receive it). The paper is too huge to be managed easily as an electronic manuscript (and maybe the owners of the copyright will have their own opinion about this possibility). However, if some of you are interested in a given section (viz. species, relationship, references) please, contact us and we will try to satisfy your request. Thanks again! Temir & Daniel. Dr. Temir A. Britayev Laboratory of morphology and Ecology of Marine Invertebrates A.N. Severtzov Institute of Animal Morphology and Ecology Russian Academy of Sciences Leninski prospect 33, Moscow 117071, RUSSIA Dr. Daniel Martin Centre d'Estudis Avancats de Blanes (C.S.I.C.) Cami de Sta. Barbara s/n 17300 Blanes, Girona Spain FAX: 34 972 337806 Phone: 34 972 336101 WWW pages: Institutional: http://www.ceab.csic.es Personal: http://www.ceab.csic.es/~dani/ -- ANNELIDA LIST Discuss = = talk to all members Server = = un/subscribes Archives = http://www.bio.net:80/hypermail/ANNELIDA/ Resources = http://biodiversity.uno.edu/~worms/annelid.html -- From daemon Sun Feb 21 13:35:11 1999 Received: by net.bio.net (8.9.1a/8.9.1) id NAA22288; Sun, 21 Feb 1999 13:35:11 -0800 (PST) Date: Sun, 21 Feb 1999 13:35:11 -0800 (PST) Message-Id: <199902212135.NAA22288@net.bio.net> To: annelida@net.bio.net From: "Geoff Read" Reply-To: annelida@net.bio.net Subject: Ontario Leech Ban A news item re-circulated by the US Congressional Research Service, 19 Feb. Ontario Leech Ban. In late January 1999, the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources announced 1999 fishing regulations, including a ban on bringing live leeches into Ontario for use as bait by all but commercial bait licensees. Ontario officials state that they seek to prevent the introduction of exotic species. However, MN officials believe the Ontario regulation has little merit for resource protection and will have significant economic impacts on the MN live bait industry. {{On Feb. 18, 1999, MN Governor Jesse Ventura telephoned U.S. Trade Representative Charlene Barshefsky, claiming that new Ontario fishing regulations were punitive and harmful to MN-based anglers and the state's tourism industry, possibly violating free trade agreements including NAFTA.}}[Duluth News-Tribune]. -- Geoff Read -- ANNELIDA LIST Discuss = = talk to all members Server = = un/subscribes Archives = http://www.bio.net:80/hypermail/ANNELIDA/ Resources = http://biodiversity.uno.edu/~worms/annelid.html -- From daemon Mon Feb 22 14:43:08 1999 Received: by net.bio.net (8.9.1a/8.9.1) id OAA04727; Mon, 22 Feb 1999 14:43:08 -0800 (PST) Date: Mon, 22 Feb 1999 14:43:08 -0800 (PST) Message-Id: <199902222243.OAA04727@net.bio.net> To: annelida@net.bio.net From: "Geoff Read" Reply-To: annelida@net.bio.net Subject: (Fwd) List of Invasive Species on the Pacific Coast of North America ------- Forwarded Message Follows ------- From: Janet.Webster@orst.edu To: iamslic@ucsd.edu Subject: List of Invasive Species on the Pacific Coast of North America Date sent: Mon, 22 Feb 1999 13:23:39 -0800 This index is now available on the web. SPECIES INDEX FROM: Carlton, J.T. 1979. History, Biogeography, and Ecology of the Introduced Marine and Estuarine Invertebrates of the Pacific Coast of North America. Ph. D. thesis. University of California, Davis. http://www.hmsc.orst.edu/library/carlton.html -- ANNELIDA LIST Discuss = = talk to all members Server = = un/subscribes Archives = http://www.bio.net:80/hypermail/ANNELIDA/ Resources = http://biodiversity.uno.edu/~worms/annelid.html -- From daemon Thu Feb 25 21:18:25 1999 Received: by net.bio.net (8.9.1a/8.9.1) id VAA02342; Thu, 25 Feb 1999 21:18:25 -0800 (PST) Date: Thu, 25 Feb 1999 21:18:25 -0800 (PST) Message-Id: <199902260518.VAA02342@net.bio.net> To: annelida@net.bio.net From: "Geoff Read" Reply-To: annelida@net.bio.net Subject: ASLO thesis listing and symposium Friday Felicitations to you all, I came across a possible item of interest for fairly recent (>'92) Ph.D.s, There is an opportunity to list your hard-won thesis (submit the abstract) and become better known to the world via: http://www.aslo.org/dialog.html A site for the American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, the people who publish the journal 'Limnology and Oceanography.' Any biological aquatic thesis from 1992 onwards is eligible. Also if you have completed your thesis between April 1, 1997 and March 31, 1999, you are eligible to apply for a (sponsored / part funded) symposium in Bermuda in October! More at: http://www.aslo.org/dialog3.html Good luck! -- Geoff Read -- ANNELIDA LIST Discuss = = talk to all members Server = = un/subscribes Archives = http://www.bio.net:80/hypermail/ANNELIDA/ Resources = http://biodiversity.uno.edu/~worms/annelid.html --