From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Mon Apr 01 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!daresbury!nntp-trd.UNINETT.no!newsfeed.sunet.se!news01.sunet.se!sunic!mn6.swip.net!plug.news.pipex.net!pipex!weld.news.pipex.net!pipex!tank.news.pipex.net!pipex!newsfeed.internetmci.com!in2.uu.net!mozz.unh.edu!usenet From: "Jeffrey A. Messer" Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Re: MAGNETIC HEALTH EFFECTS (not smoking) Date: Tue, 02 Apr 1996 12:47:39 -0500 Organization: Biochemistry Department - University of New Hampshire Lines: 31 Message-ID: <3161683B.21A2@christa.unh.edu> References: NNTP-Posting-Host: unheq1.unh.edu Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Mailer: Mozilla 2.01 (Win16; I) To: Alan Jackson Alan Jackson wrote: > > "WORM SIGN" > > (Book worm that is.) > > You may have seen reports concerning research relating to magnetic fields. > > And noticed that the reason they have been described as "controversial",is > > because of a lack of what is known as a "Mechanistic model", or a working > > experimental model. The information here-in, has the ability to take one > > passed the previous groping for a model, to the beginning of an under- > > standing. > ------------------------[Snip] ----------------------------------------------- Yada, Yada, Yada! ... ... I think that this crap would make a good manuscript for the X-files. Mr Jackson, could I edit this (fix all the spelling and grammatical errors) and send it in? -- Jeff Messer Department of Biochemistry - UNH Biological Science Center 46 College Road Durham, NH 03824-3544 From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Mon Apr 01 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!daresbury!not-for-mail From: Alexander Spirov Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: "GAME OF MORPHOGENESIS": New URL http://www.iephb.ru/morpho.html Date: 2 Apr 1996 10:43:22 +0100 Lines: 63 Sender: lpddist@mserv1.dl.ac.uk Distribution: bionet Message-ID: <4jqsrq$lad@mserv1.dl.ac.uk> Encoding: 62 TEXT Original-To: "'bionet.info-theory'" , "'bionet.general'" , "'bionet.biophysics'" , "'bionet.biology.computational'" , "'bionet.molbio.evolution'" Dear All, For best connection I placed "Game of Morphogenesis:..." HTML Pages at UNIX-server: URL: http://www.iephb.ru/morpho.html The following paper is available also as ZIP-compressed PostScript file via anonymous ftp from: ftp://ftp.iephb.ru/pub/spirov/morphogame.zip These materials was accepted for oral presentation at ALife V Conference (Nara, Japan, 16-18 May 1996). Any comments and criticisms are most welcome. Title: "GAME OF MORPHOGENESIS: PATTERN-FORM INTERPLAY MODELS" Author: Alexander V. Spirov ABSTRACT Nowadays morphogenesis becomes commonly used term not only in biology but in the field of evolutionary computations also. The aim to deciphering or design set of rules that will themselves self-organize to produce Form, attracts both theoretical biologists and computer scientists. However, biological generalization of morphogenesis include such basic principles as pattern-form interplay and regulativity. The problem of how the information coded in linear DNA molecule becomes translated into a three-dimensional form we treat with position of "Game of Morphogenesis": Pattern-Form Interplay Models. The characteristic feature of the models is feedback loop from (bio)chemical pattern formation to modeling embryo form changes. The system is open and pattern changes give rise to changes in form, these changes in form (surface geometry) cause further pattern changes, and so on. In frames of A-Life strategy we asking how do we imagine it could have happened, but trying to approach as closely as possible to the strategies employed by actual living organisms. Potentiality of approach is demonstrated by simulation of early morphogenesis of sea urchin embryo, as well as curvature-increasing model for epithelial lobules formation. Revealed moduses of the model behavior are the simplest ones and just these moduses are realized in the early development. Taking into account the simplicity and universalism of the model, the obtained results may bring in evidence that there is a small biological specificness of the early embryo morphogenesis and that the prevalence of synergetic specificness of this process do exist. By regulation biologists mean the ability of developing organisms to regulate their pattern to their size. Apparently it is one of the most striking properties of living organisms. In conclusion, we discussing perspectives to explore schemes for regulative morphogenesis in evolutionary simulations. KEYWORDS: morphogenesis, pattern and form, morphogenesis modeling, pattern-form interplay, size regulations, artificial morphogenesis. (15 pages, 18 color illus.) From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Mon Apr 01 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!agate!howland.reston.ans.net!cs.utexas.edu!swrinde!newsfeed.internetmci.com!newsfeeder.gi.net!news.mid.net!newsfeed.ksu.ksu.edu!news.physics.uiowa.edu!news.uiowa.edu!usenet From: brian-baker@uiowa.edu (Brian M. Baker) Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Boltzman distribution Date: 2 Apr 1996 04:34:17 GMT Organization: University of Iowa, Department of Biochemistry Lines: 72 Distribution: world Message-ID: <4jqao9$iou@flood.weeg.uiowa.edu> References: <4jhqio$99p@umbc10.umbc.edu> Reply-To: brian-baker@uiowa.edu NNTP-Posting-Host: reaper.biochem.uiowa.edu X-Newsreader: NeoLogic News for OS/2 [version: 4.5 YO Beta] In message <4jhqio$99p@umbc10.umbc.edu> - cweiss1@umbc.edu (Christopher Weiss) writes: :> :>Do what thou wilt shall be the whole of the Law. :> :>What is a boltzman distribution? :>How is the equation derived? :>Under what circumstances can it be applied? :> :>Love is the law, love under will. :>Christopher Weiss :> The Boltzmann distribution allows one to calculate the probability of a given state if you know 1) the energy of the state and 2) the energies of all the other available states in the ensemble. Basically, you start with an expression for the degeneracy (omega) of a system (degeneracy = number of ways you can omega=N!/product(Ni!) i where N is the total number of molecules, Ni is the number of molecules in state i. What you want to do then is find -the most probable- distribution of molecules among the states, with the following constraints: 1) the total number of molecules is equal to N, so sum(Ni)=N i 2) the energy of the system is a constant E, so that E=sum(Ni*Ei) i So what you do is find the maximum of the degeneracy given the above two constraints. You take some logs, use some calculus to find the maximum of a multivariate function with the two constraints (Lagrange method), and you can come up with exp(-b*Ej) Pj = ---------- , where Pj is the probability of state j, Ej is the energy sum(-b*Ei) i of state j, and b is one of the undetermined multipliers from the Lagrange method. You then do some thermodynamic rationalization to basically show that b=1/kT. The summation on the bottom is a type of partition function. (along those lines, the above is really specific to a canonical ensemble (an ensemble with N, V, and T fixed) - you can derive similar expressions for other types of ensembles). As far as applying the Boltzmann distribution, I see it used frequently in entropy calculations. You can show that S = -R*sum(Pi*ln(Pi)) , where Pi is the probability of state i. Several studies have looked at side chain configurational entropies in this manner. Eisenberg & Crothers (Physical Chemistry) has a pretty wimpy derivation but does a good intro into Stat Mech, if you really want to get down and dirty, try Kittel & Kroemer (Thermal Physics) or for the truly insane, McQuarrie (Statistical Mechanics). Brian (standard disclaimer applies, that is, I've probably fubar'd something here) =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-= Brian M. Baker brian-baker@uiowa.edu Graduate Student Peon Protein Structural Energetics "I am becalmed and virtured, lost Department of Biochemistry to nothing on a bay of dreams..." University of Iowa -Blue Oyster Cult =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-= From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Mon Apr 01 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!MPC186.MPIBPC.GWDG.DE!jgoed From: jgoed@MPC186.MPIBPC.GWDG.DE (Joachim Goedhart) Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Decrease in exctinction coefficient of Cy-dye after binding to protein? Date: 1 Apr 1996 23:23:03 -0800 Organization: BIOSCI International Newsgroups for Molecular Biology Lines: 38 Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: world Message-ID: NNTP-Posting-Host: net.bio.net Hallo, As a student I'm involved in research concerning the EGF-receptor. Recently, we've labeled murine-EGF with Cy5. Only one Cy5 can be attached to mEGF (at its N-terminus). The labeled EGF is purified by gel-filtration followed by reversed-phase HPL= C. When the dye/protein ratio is determined from the absorption spectrum, a dye/protein ratio of approx. 0.5 is observed. This is reproducible, and is also true for labeling with Cy3. To correct for this, other people in our lab use an absorption coefficient for "reacted" Cy5 which is lower than the value found in literature, or as specified by the company (biological detection systems), which is 250,000 M-1 cm-1 in both case. My question is the following: Is it possible that the absorption coefficient of a dye, especially Cy-dyes, decreases by a factor of approx. 2 upon binding to EGF or any other protein? If not, are there suggestions for factors which might suggest a low dye/protein ratio? Another question concerns the folowing. When avidin D was labeled with Cy5. The absorption spectrum of unbound dye consists normally of a maximum at 650, and a shoulder at 600 nm. After labeling with an estimated dye-protein ratio of 1 this was still the same. However, when the avidin was labeled with a dye/protein ratio of 4, the absorption spectrum showed two peaks with almost equal absorption values. This is also observed when antibodies are labeled at dye/protein ratios of higher than 3. Is this effect caused by a change in local environment of the dye, by which the e.g. the S2-S0 transition becomes more significant (or the S1-S0 transition becomes less significant)? Thanks Joachim. From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Mon Apr 01 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!rutgers!gatech!swrinde!elroy.jpl.nasa.gov!lll-winken.llnl.gov!nntp.coast.net!harbinger.cc.monash.edu.au!news.uwa.edu.au!info.curtin.edu.au!newsmaster From: Clayton Bell Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Non-Invasive blood pressure and heart rate measurements Date: Tue, 02 Apr 1996 11:42:31 +0800 Organization: Curtin University of Technology Lines: 25 Message-ID: <3160A227.54F1@alpha1.curtin.edu.au> NNTP-Posting-Host: 134.7.170.73 Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Mailer: Mozilla 2.0 (Macintosh; I; 68K) I am a student at Curtin Univercity studying Electrical and Computer Sytems engineering. My medical knowlege is minimal although I have read extensively about biosensros and biotechnology/bioengineering. I'm looking for advice on the measurement of heart activity (like ECG and the like) and blood pressure. I've seen comercial devices that measure blood pressure and heart rate just by using a persons finger. I have found how the heart rate is measured - reletively intense infra-red and near visible light is put through the finger and the transmitted light is measured. The light transmission varies with oxygen concentration - ie each heart beat. How accurate is this meathod? Is it as accurate as an ECG. Can minute variations in heart activity be detected? Is it only acceptable to use this meathod for simply measureing the heart rate or can it be used for diagnosis of other heart problems. I am yet to find a method in text books that measures blood pressure in a totally non-obtrusive manner, that is by not constricting a limb. Any advice or comments on this matter is most appriciated. Clayton Bell EBELL4@alpha1.curtin.edu.au From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Mon Apr 01 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!sloan.org!trance From: trance@sloan.org Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Postdocs-Comp. Molec. Bio. Date: 2 Apr 1996 13:10:19 -0800 Organization: BIOSCI International Newsgroups for Molecular Biology Lines: 235 Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: world Message-ID: <161bf320@sloan.org> NNTP-Posting-Host: net.bio.net ALFRED P. SLOAN FOUNDATION and U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY CATALYZING CAREER TRANSITIONS TO COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR BIOLOGY POSTDOCTORAL FELLOWSHIPS IN COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (second announcement) [Please feel free to forward this announcement to those of your scientific colleagues to whom it might be of interest.] The Alfred P. Sloan Foundation and the U.S. Department of Energy believe that a nexus with exceptional scientific potential is emerging between the powerful theoretical and practical tools of molecular biology and the revolutionary power of modern computational techniques. However, too few scientists possess the cross-disciplinary skills in both molecular biology and computation that are needed to further such advances. The purpose of these fellowships is to catalyze career transitions into computational molecular biology from physics, mathematics, computer science, chemistry, and related fields. Ideal candidates will have strong educational backgrounds in such fields and wish to bring these backgrounds to bear upon computational molecular research questions. In exceptional cases, we will also consider applications from more traditional biological orientations in transition to computational molecular biology. Applicants already firmly rooted in computational molecular biology, or who are proposing to continue pursuit of research undertaken for their Ph.D.s, may be more appropriate candidates for other postdoctoral opportunities. We are therefore supporting this postdoctoral program designed to give computationally sophisticated young scientists an intensive postdoctoral opportunity in an appropriate molecular biology laboratory. We particularly wish to encourage applications from those holding doctorates in mathematics, physics, computer science, chemistry, or other relevant fields who would like to develop the capacity to apply their computational sophistication to the complex problems that increasingly face molecular biology. The focus of this program is upon those aspects of computational molecular biology related to data and information resulting from the study of human and other genomes. Computational molecular biology is taken broadly to include the application of mathematics (continuous and discrete), statistics, probability, and computer science to fundamental problems of molecular biology. The goal is to foster interactions between the mathematical and biological sciences and to provide rigorous training for scientists in this new interdisciplinary area. Of special interest are important problems in structural biology and genome analysis, including analysis of protein and nucleic acid sequence, protein and nucleic acid structure, genome structure and maps, cross-species genome analysis, multi-genic traits, and structure-function relationships where the structures are from genomes, genes, or gene products. Applications will be reviewed by: Leroy E. Hood, University of Washington Eric S. Lander, Whitehead Institute/MIT Michael S. Waterman, University of Southern California Fred E. Cohen, University of California, San Francisco Awards will support up to two years of research work in an appropriate molecular biology department or laboratory in the U.S. or Canada selected by the applicant. The principal selection criteria will be the potential of the applicant and the proposed postdoctoral research and training plan for furthering rigorous computational approaches to analysis of important molecular biological problems, both theoretical and empirical. The capabilities of the proposed laboratory and senior scientist in computational molecular research, and support for the postdoctoral research by the senior scientist (department chair or laboratory director) will be an important element considered in selection. In addition, where possible, applicants are encouraged to seek a secondary faculty sponsor from the mathematical/computer sciences sector of the same campus. Only one proposal per applicant will be considered, and a senior scientist should endorse only one applicant for this competition. There are no formal application forms needed for this program. Further details and application procedures are as follows: NUMBER, STARTING DATE AND GRANT PERIOD: Up to 10 fellowships will be granted during 1996, each with a total budget of $100,000 (including indirect and overhead costs, which together will be limited to 15% of direct costs). These funds are to be spread over a grant period of two years ($50,000 per year). Selections for this second deadline will be announced in November, 1996. Funding may begin any time after January 1, 1997. STIPEND: - $42,000 per year to Fellow, inclusive of benefits. - $ 1,500 per year in research expenses to be allocated at the discretion of the Fellow. - Institutional overhead of up to 15% of direct costs. ELIGIBILITY: Fellow - Applicants must be citizens or legal permanent residents of the United States. Ph.D. earned within the past 5 years or expected by December, 1996, in mathematics, physics, computer science, chemistry or other relevant fields. (Initiation of postdoc requires completion of Ph.D.) Applications to extend an existing postdoc cannot be considered. Institution - Non-profit private or public institution of higher education or research, located in the United States or Canada. Applicant must make formal arrangements with a senior scientist (e.g. laboratory director) at the institution where the postdoctoral fellowship would be held before applying for the award. MATERIALS NEEDED FOR APPLICATION FROM APPLICANT (8 COPIES, FULLY COLLATED): Cover Page, including: Applicant's name, address, telephone, fax and e-mail Applicant's current department and institution Title of proposed postdoctoral research project and institution at which it would be conducted (including mail and email addresses and telephone and fax numbers) Planned start date of proposed fellowship Applicant's Ph.D. granting institution and year of receipt (or date expected) Laboratory, department and institution in which postdoctoral fellowship would be held Name, address, telephone, etc. of senior scientist Names, addresses, telephone numbers, etc. of references (see below) Brief abstract of proposed research (less than 100 words) Proposed research/training plan describing scientific importance of subject, with considerable specificity as to analytic methods and data to be employed, and reason for choice of proposed sponsoring scientist and institution (with a firm maximum of 1,500 words, including selected citations). If desired, copies of up to two reprints may be attached to each collated copy of proposal. Statement of applicant's reasons for interest in computational molecular biology, current career goals, and potential role of postdoctoral fellowship in attaining such goals (ca. 250 words). A summary of the major findings of the applicant's dissertation research (250 words). Curriculum vitae including educational background, topic of doctoral dissertation, positions held to date, scientific awards and grants received citing source, duration and amount (direct costs), full titles and references of all publications. Formal institutional endorsement of proposal may be included, but is not required unless and until a formal award offer has been made. A stamped, self-addressed postcard (if applicant desires) to confirm that application materials have been received (allow at least 3 weeks for processing; no telephone calls, please). All applications should be final and complete; no substitutions or additions. FROM SPONSORING SENIOR SCIENTIST (8 COPIES, FULLY COLLATED): Letter of agreement to host and supervise the research of postdoctoral applicant, including any necessary institutional clearances, e.g. animal experimentation, human subjects, recombinant DNA, etc. Qualitative comments concerning scientific merit of proposed research and training plan. Brief description (500 words) of current research, sources of funding, relevance of applicant's proposed research, and personnel with whom applicant would work. Curriculum vitae including educational background, current and former positions, scientific awards and grants received citing source, duration and amount (direct costs), full titles and references of publications related to computational molecular biology. FROM REFERENCES (8 COPIES): The applicant must request reference letters from three scientists in relevant disciplines who are knowledgeable about applicant's capabilities and previous research, and to whom he/she has sent a copy of the research/training plan proposed for the postdoctoral fellowship. If possible, one of these three should have personal knowledge of the applicant's doctoral research, and all must comment on the applicant's summary of the major findings of his/her recent research. Reference letters should include comments on overall ranking of applicant, e.g. top 1% of Ph.D.s, top 10%, etc. It is the applicant's responsibility to assure that reference letters (8 copies) are sent. DEADLINE AND ANNOUNCEMENTS: The deadline for receipt of all application materials from applicant, sponsoring scientist, and related reference letters is August 1, 1996 (firm). Announcements will be made by November, 1996. SEND APPLICATION TO: Dr. Michael S. Teitelbaum Sloan-U.S. Department of Energy Joint Postdoctoral Fellowships in Computational Molecular Biology c/o Alfred P. Sloan Foundation 630 Fifth Avenue, Suite 2550 New York, NY 10111-0242 NOTE: This announcement is largely the same as one originally distributed in September, 1995, with some minor editorial clarifications, necessary changes to deadlines and notification dates, and changes in financial provisions. From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Tue Apr 02 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!daresbury!not-for-mail From: "Lennart Nilsson (Karolinska institutet)" Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: ANNOUNCEMENT: Understanding Protein Structure Determination Date: 3 Apr 1996 12:19:45 +0100 Lines: 28 Sender: lpddist@mserv1.dl.ac.uk Distribution: bionet Message-ID: <4jtmsh$hvd@mserv1.dl.ac.uk> X-Mts: smtp Original-To: pdb-l@pdb.pdb.bnl.gov, bioforum@dl.ac.uk, bionews@dl.ac.uk, biophys@dl.ac.uk, bio-soft@dl.ac.uk, comp-bio@dl.ac.uk, methods@dl.ac.uk, molmodel@dl.ac.uk, proteins@dl.ac.uk, xtal-log@dl.ac.uk, str-nmr@dl.ac.uk Posted-Date: Wed, 03 Apr 96 13:18:43 +0200 The Karolinska Institute's Center for Structural Biochemistry will hold its 6th summer school, entitled "Understanding Protein Structure Determination" on September 1-6, 1996. This is one of a series of short graduate courses organized each summer by the Summer University of Southern Stockholm at NOVUM Research Park, located about 15 km south of Stockholm. As usual we are aiming for an informal format with students on the graduate and postdoc levels. A fair amount of time will be set aside for discussions and social activities. The topic of the 1996 summer school is intended to cover the two major protein structure determination techniques: X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy. Topics such as the physical basis, experimental aspects, computational and software aspects, quality assessment of determined structures, and effects of structural heterogeneity and dynamics will be addressed. Emphasis will be put on the complementarity of the two techniques. Course fee: SEK 2500 (academic), SEK 5000 (non academic) Deadlines: Application June 14, 1996; poster abstract August 2, 1996. For further information/application forms please contact Ms. Aila Holappa at FAX +46-8-608 9290 or e-mail Aila.Holappa@cbt.ki.se More information is available at http://www.csb.ki.se/events/summer96.html Organizing committee: Hans Hebert, Torleif Hard, Rudolf Ladenstein, Lennart Nilsson From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Tue Apr 02 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!CS.Arizona.EDU!news.Arizona.EDU!hamblin.math.byu.edu!park.uvsc.edu!news.cc.utah.edu!news.cs.utah.edu!cs.utexas.edu!atlantis.utmb.edu!news From: "Manning J. Correia" Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Gordon Conference Announcement Date: 3 Apr 1996 17:55:49 GMT Organization: UTMB Lines: 45 Message-ID: <4jue35$qk6@atlantis.utmb.edu> NNTP-Posting-Host: 129.109.59.245 Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Mailer: Mozilla 1.2N (Windows; I; 16bit) Come and join us for a week of fun and discussions of mechanosensitive ion channels, etc. at the.. 1996 GORDON RESEARCH CONFERENCE "Frontiers of Science" "GRAVITATIONAL BIOLOGY: Mechanosensitivity, Calcium, and Adaptation" Colby-Sawyer College North New London, New Hampshire July 14-19, 1996 Speakers and Discussion Leaders Include: Manning J. Correia, Chair Michael L. Evans, Vice Chair Albert J. Banes Karl Hasenstein Peter Nick M.J. Bennett Hideo Ishikawa Carol Otey Robert E. Cleland Marcia A. Kaetzel Barbara Pickard Martin Chalfie Joshua M. Kaplan Howard Rasmussen David Corey George Karlin-Neumann Stan Roux John R. Dedman Maurice Kernan Fred Sachs Ruth Anne Eatock Ching Kung Fred Sack Lewis Feldman M. Lebert Andreas Sievers Simon Gilroy Terri Lomax Ning Wang Alan D. Grinnell Patrick Masson Anneke Wiltink Owen P. Hamill Cathy Morris Laurence Young Roger Hangarter E-mail applications and abstracts (if applicable) to the Gordon Research Conference at: app@grcmail.grc.uri.edu Stipends up to $200 for travel and $515 subsistance are available for young investigators presenting a poster at the conference. These funds are limited so please submit an application with your abstract as soon as possible! See more information regarding this conference on the world wide web page at: http://galileo.utmb.edu From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Tue Apr 02 23:00:00 1996 Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Path: biosci!daresbury!nntp-trd.UNINETT.no!newsfeed.sunet.se!news00.sunet.se!sunic!news.sprintlink.net!usenet.kornet.nm.kr!ns.etri.re.kr!news.kreonet.re.kr!taebaek.nowcom.co.kr!imci5!pull-feed.internetmci.com!news.internetMCI.com!newsfeed.internetmci.com!portal.gmu.edu!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!murdoch!dayhoff.med.Virginia.EDU!hl3q From: hl3q@dayhoff.med.Virginia.EDU (Hong-Kai Lu) Subject: Re: Non-Invasive blood pressure and heart rate measurements X-Nntp-Posting-Host: dayhoff.med.virginia.edu Message-ID: Sender: usenet@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU Organization: uva References: <3160A227.54F1@alpha1.curtin.edu.au> Date: Wed, 3 Apr 1996 18:01:38 GMT Lines: 11 The heart rate measured by finger devise and by ecg-ekg are exactly the same. The finger pulse is delayed a litte bit because of the resistance from the artery. However, when there is a irregularity in the heart beat, the finger pulse is different from ecg. That is , when a heart beat does not pump blood into the artery, there is no finger pulse, but the ecg can still show a heart beat (the qrs wave). Hope this can help hongkai From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Wed Apr 03 23:00:00 1996 Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Path: biosci!rutgers!uwm.edu!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!newsfeed.internetmci.com!portal.gmu.edu!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!murdoch!kelvin.seas.Virginia.EDU!cc9m From: cc9m@kelvin.seas.Virginia.EDU (Chi-Kai Chen) Subject: Help Me find a BOOK ! X-Nntp-Posting-Host: kelvin.seas.virginia.edu Message-ID: Sender: usenet@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU Organization: uva Date: Thu, 4 Apr 1996 22:14:28 GMT Lines: 14 Does anyone know a good book talking about the motion of flagellar bacteria ? I need a book that has clear concept about how flagellar motor propel the cell body to move, within the context of physics and mechanics. The only one book in my library is checked out for, a long, long time, never be returned. If you know such a good book, please tell me the name of the book and the publisher. More other information is also appreciated. Thanks From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Wed Apr 03 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!daresbury!nntp-trd.UNINETT.no!newsfeed.sunet.se!news00.sunet.se!sunic!news.sprintlink.net!salt.ncinter.net!dialin9.ncinter.net!user From: bert@ncinter.net (Bert) Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: How much electricty in human body? Date: 4 Apr 1996 00:49:10 GMT Organization: Unleashed Inc. Lines: 10 Message-ID: NNTP-Posting-Host: dialin9.ncinter.net X-Newsreader: Yet Another NewsWatcher 2.0.6b4 How much electricity is in the human body? How much energy do we make from food.... I was thinkin, maybe there is some way we can harness us as an energy source........?????? -- __^__ /(o o)\ ======================================oOO==(_)==OOo======================= "I've seen the future. I can't afford it." -ABC ========================================================================== From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Wed Apr 03 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!rutgers!uwm.edu!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!newsfeed.internetmci.com!in2.uu.net!server-b.cs.interbusiness.it!usenet From: ventura1@protec.it (Ventura Giorgio) Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: emergency aiuto Date: Thu, 04 Apr 1996 01:19:42 GMT Organization: Internet cafe' Padova Lines: 17 Message-ID: <4jv47c$7hc@server-b.cs.interbusiness.it> Reply-To: ventura1@protec.it NNTP-Posting-Host: pdnet35.protec.it X-Newsreader: Forte Free Agent v0.55 I am a 50 years old Italian woman who is suffering from ECI. As a result of long researches it was diagnosed 3 years ago but in Italy, as far as I know, they don't really know how to treat it and which consequences it brings. For this reason I'm looking for people who can help me to gather more information on ECI (doctors or people who is suffering from this illness as well). Expecially I'm looking for Italian references with which I can keep in touch. As it concerns symptoms I increased in weight (14 kilos during the last 3 years). At the moment I'm increasing nearly 1 ½ kilo a month.I also suffer from muscular pains, concentrated on my arms, neck and expecially on my head. I notice frequent changes in mood. Six months ago I had an heart-attack. I would be very grateful to whoever could help me to find information on my illness, or simply share with me his experience. Thanks e-mail ventura1@protec.it From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Wed Apr 03 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!bcm.tmc.edu!news.msfc.nasa.gov!newsfeed.internetmci.com!uwm.edu!psuvax1!news.eecs.nwu.edu!newsfeed.acns.nwu.edu!news.cc.uic.edu!UIC From: fennema@sunphy1.phy.uic.edu (Jeremy Fennema) Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: A dilemma over graduate schools Date: 3 Apr 1996 02:16:37 GMT Organization: University of Illinois at Chicago Lines: 12 Message-ID: <4jsn25$qhq@piglet.cc.uic.edu> NNTP-Posting-Host: slip5a-04.dialin.uic.edu X-Newsreader: News Xpress Version 1.0 Beta #3 I would like some help in deciding between two biophysical related graduate programs. I've been accepted to the Intercampus program in molecular biophysics at Johns Hopkins University as well as the newly established Graduate research program in energy transduction mechanisms at Arizona State University. I would appreciate any feedback on what any informed persons would say about either program to help me decide between them. Thanks in advance Jeremy Fennema fennema@sunphy1.phy.uic.edu From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Wed Apr 03 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!HAVERFORD.EDU!jdepaula From: jdepaula@HAVERFORD.EDU (Julio de Paula) Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: research assistant position at Haverford College Date: 4 Apr 1996 10:24:33 -0800 Organization: BIOSCI International Newsgroups for Molecular Biology Lines: 25 Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: world Message-ID: <9604041819.AA05913@acc> NNTP-Posting-Host: net.bio.net > Haverford College has an opening for a research assistant in the Chemistry > Department. The candidate must have completed a B.A. or B.S. degree in > chemistry or biochemistry by June 1, 1996 (candidates with M.S. or Ph.D. > degrees will also be considered). Experience with modern portein isolation > and purification techniques (particularly HPLC or FPLC) is required. > Additional experience with spectroscopic methods of protein > characterization is desirable. Salary is commensurate with experience. > Send CV and names of three references to: Dr. Julio C. de Paula, Associate > Professor, Haverford College, Department of Chemistry, Haverford, PA 19041. > FAX: 610-896-4904. E-mail: jdepaula@haverford.edu. Affirmative > Action/Equal Opportunity Employer. > > > Julio C. de Paula > Associate Professor of Chemistry > Haverford College > Haverford, PA 19041 > phone: 610-896-1217 > fax: 610-896-4904 > email: jdepaula@haverford.edu > > > From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Thu Apr 04 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!UMBI.UMD.EDU!collins From: collins@UMBI.UMD.EDU ("John H. Collins") Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Re: A dilemma over graduate schools Date: 5 Apr 1996 04:47:53 -0800 Organization: BIOSCI International Newsgroups for Molecular Biology Lines: 1 Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: world Message-ID: References: <3164E6EC.6B2@csc.albany.edu> NNTP-Posting-Host: net.bio.net Hopkins vs. Arizona? The choice should be obvious. From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Thu Apr 04 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!rutgers!gatech!newsfeed.internetmci.com!news.sprintlink.net!rebecca!news From: Kunbin Qu Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Re: A dilemma over graduate schools Date: Fri, 05 Apr 1996 01:25:00 -0800 Organization: SUNY Albany Lines: 13 Message-ID: <3164E6EC.6B2@csc.albany.edu> References: <4jsn25$qhq@piglet.cc.uic.edu> NNTP-Posting-Host: 128.204.42.10 Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Mailer: Mozilla 2.01Gold (Win95; I) To: Jeremy Fennema Jeremy Fennema wrote: > > I would like some help in deciding between two biophysical related graduate > programs. I've been accepted to the Intercampus program in molecular > biophysics at Johns Hopkins University as well as the newly established > Graduate research program in energy transduction mechanisms at Arizona State > University. I would appreciate any feedback on what any informed persons > would say about either program to help me decide between them. > > Thanks in advance > > Jeremy Fennema > fennema@sunphy1.phy.uic.edu From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Thu Apr 04 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!BELOIT.EDU!jungck From: jungck@BELOIT.EDU (John R. Jungck) Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Flagellar motion Date: 4 Apr 1996 16:09:59 -0800 Organization: BIOSCI International Newsgroups for Molecular Biology Lines: 49 Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: world Message-ID: <9604050004.AA23833@beloit.edu> NNTP-Posting-Host: net.bio.net Please look at Howard Berg's "Random Walks in Biology." There is a large Springer-Verlag, edited book entitled "Biophysics" that has a bit in it. But the paper that I recommend most is by Nobel Laureate David Purcell in Am J Physics about 1976 entitled "Life at Low Reynolds Numbers." >Does anyone know a good book talking >about the motion of flagellar bacteria ? >I need a book that has clear concept about >how flagellar motor propel the cell body >to move, within the context of physics and mechanics. > > >The only one book in my library is checked out >for, a long, long time, never be returned. >If you know such a >good book, please tell me the name of the book and >the publisher. >More other information is also appreciated. >Thanks ***************************************************************** * John R. Jungck * Department of Biology * Beloit College * 700 College Street * Beloit, WI 53511 U.S. A. * * Voice: (608)-363-2226 * FAX: (608)-363-2052 * email: jungck@beloit.edu BioQUEST Curriculum Consortium homepage: http://www.beloit.edu/~bquest The BioQUEST Library homepage: http://terrapin.umd.edu/BioQUEST_Libray.html Bioscene: Journal of College Biology Teaching homepage: http://papa.indstate.edu/Oh/amcbt/bioscene.html/ ***************************************************************** From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Thu Apr 04 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!rutgers!gatech!newsfeed.internetmci.com!in2.uu.net!news.ner.bbnplanet.net!news3.near.net!yale!news-mail-gateway!daemon From: tree@afn.org (David T. Gray) Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: DownLoad - ~Net/DownLoad Manager (Latest Version) Date: 5 Apr 1996 07:35:01 -0500 Organization: Yale CS Mail/News Gateway Lines: 27 Sender: daemon@cs.yale.edu Message-ID: <199604051234.GAA08257@phoenix.phoenix.net> NNTP-Posting-Host: babyblue.cs.yale.edu Version "B" is available on the Net at: http://www.phoenix.net/~aquarian/davids/net.html or http://www.afn.org/~tree/net.html The search engine is an offline interrogator of large disorganized text files supporting multiple searches on single files or whole directories for up-to four key words or phrases, simulating hyper-text associations. Hope you enjoy the new version... David ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ VISIT MY WEB SITES ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ WEB SITES: http://www.phoenix.net/~aquarian/davids/tree.html http://www.afn.org/~tree/tree.html TOPICS: Weighted Asset Model of Real Estate Appraisal Real Estate Investment Software, Reinvest (shareware) My special fondness for the I.R.S. ~Net/DownLoad Manager, shareware Legal Searcher, shareware David's Secrets of Yo-Yo's 477-LIVE, Homes for Rent in Austin, TX Locating lost family members (Adoption Registry) The Transformational Portal ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ David T. Gray at tree@afn.org From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Thu Apr 04 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!daresbury!nntp-trd.UNINETT.no!newsfeed.sunet.se!news00.sunet.se!sunic!mn6.swip.net!plug.news.pipex.net!pipex!tank.news.pipex.net!pipex!newsfeed.internetmci.com!news.msfc.nasa.gov!elroy.jpl.nasa.gov!lll-winken.llnl.gov!usenet From: Chris Barry Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Re: Flagellar motion Date: Fri, 05 Apr 1996 15:53:36 -0800 Organization: Lawrence Livermore Lines: 12 Message-ID: <3165B280.484D7A4B@mackiller.llnl.gov> References: <9604050004.AA23833@beloit.edu> NNTP-Posting-Host: mackiller.llnl.gov Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Mailer: Mozilla 2.01 (X11; I; Linux 1.1.72 i486) > >Does anyone know a good book talking > >about the motion of flagellar bacteria ? > >I need a book that has clear concept about > >how flagellar motor propel the cell body > >to move, within the context of physics and mechanics. > > > > If you are looking for a good text book. Alberts et al have some good basic descriptions in their "Molecular Biology of the Cell" Chris From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Fri Apr 05 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!agate!howland.reston.ans.net!swrinde!newsfeed.internetmci.com!csn!news-1.csn.net!carbon!hermes.cair.du.edu!usenet From: dbovee@du.edu (D. Bovee) Newsgroups: bionet.molbio.proteins,bionet.biophysics Subject: ATP Fluorescence Date: Sat, 06 Apr 1996 00:10:05 GMT Organization: University of Denver Lines: 16 Message-ID: <4k4f1h$1es@hermes.cair.du.edu> NNTP-Posting-Host: sl-14.ducomm.du.edu Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Newsreader: Forte Free Agent 1.0.82 Xref: biosci bionet.molbio.proteins:7521 bionet.biophysics:1848 Fellow biochemists/biophysicists, I am working on a problem involving a UV fluorescence assay for NADH. However, one of the substrates in my reaction mixture is ATP, which also, as I understand, has a UV fluorescence spectrum. I am in search of data regarding that ATP fluorescence spectrum. If you have any knowledge of what paper might have the data (my lit searches has thus far been unsuccessful) or if you yourself have any information, I would greatly appreciate your help. Please copy your replies to e-mail. Many thanks! =========================================\ A Priori Solutions \ David Bovee Web and Graphics Development \ dbovee@du.edu Knowledge Transfer Systems \ (303) 730-9950 http://www.du.edu/~dbovee/apriori/home.html \=============== From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Fri Apr 05 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!ihnp4.ucsd.edu!munnari.OZ.AU!news.ecn.uoknor.edu!news.cis.okstate.edu!newsfeed.ksu.ksu.edu!news.physics.uiowa.edu!newsrelay.iastate.edu!news.iastate.edu!btcooper From: btcooper@iastate.edu () Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Re: A dilemma over graduate schools Date: 5 Apr 1996 22:25:46 GMT Organization: Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa USA Lines: 10 Sender: Brian Cooper Message-ID: <4k46la$htl@news.iastate.edu> References: <3164E6EC.6B2@csc.albany.edu> NNTP-Posting-Host: las2a.iastate.edu In article , John H. Collins wrote: >Hopkins vs. Arizona? The choice should be obvious. ^^^^^^^ The original poster was asking about Arizona State, not Arizona. Nor should mere reputation always determine what is the "best" school for an individual. -- Brian Cooper btcooper@iastate.edu From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Fri Apr 05 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!ns1.faseb.org!lamarck.sura.net!newsfeed.internetmci.com!csn!news-1.csn.net!ub!newsstand.cit.cornell.edu!news.tc.cornell.edu!newsserver.sdsc.edu!news.cerf.net!ni1.ni.net!cyto.cytosignal.com!user From: biotech@cytosignal.com (David J Benz) Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Re: mortgages Date: 6 Apr 1996 01:04:50 GMT Organization: CytoSignal, Inc. Lines: 15 Message-ID: References: <4jp74e$8gl@comet.connix.com> NNTP-Posting-Host: cyto.cytosignal.com In article <4jp74e$8gl@comet.connix.com>, mortgage@connix.com wrote: > we offer 0 - point mortgages. Great Rate... > call 1800-370-5802 > > we also have great Jumb mortgages programs. Mortgages of $207,000 to three milliomn dollars. /\ /\ BOY ARE YOU POSTING TO THE WRONG GROUP!! NOT MANY RESEARCH SCIENTISTS, WITH THE EXCEPTION OF INDULGENT PI'S, NEED TO WORRY ABOUT SWINGING A JUMBO LOAN!! The Doctor From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Fri Apr 05 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!galaxy.ucr.edu!ihnp4.ucsd.edu!munnari.OZ.AU!news.ecn.uoknor.edu!news.cis.okstate.edu!newsfeed.ksu.ksu.edu!news.physics.uiowa.edu!newsrelay.iastate.edu!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!usc!news.cerf.net!ni1.ni.net!cyto.cytosignal.com!user From: biotech@cytosignal.com (David J Benz) Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Re: A dilemma over graduate schools Date: 6 Apr 1996 01:08:11 GMT Organization: CytoSignal, Inc. Lines: 13 Message-ID: References: <4jsn25$qhq@piglet.cc.uic.edu> NNTP-Posting-Host: cyto.cytosignal.com In article <4jsn25$qhq@piglet.cc.uic.edu>, fennema@sunphy1.phy.uic.edu (Jeremy Fennema) wrote: > I would like some help in deciding between two biophysical related graduate > programs. I've been accepted to the Intercampus program in molecular > biophysics at Johns Hopkins University as well as the newly established > Graduate research program in energy transduction mechanisms at Arizona State > University. Are you serious? John's Hopkins or AZ State?! Come On!! If you can get into Hopkins, why even apply to State? The Doctor From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Sat Apr 06 23:00:00 1996 Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Path: biosci!agate!howland.reston.ans.net!gatech!newsfeed.internetmci.com!in2.uu.net!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!murdoch!dayhoff.med.Virginia.EDU!hl3q From: hl3q@dayhoff.med.Virginia.EDU (Hong-Kai Lu) Subject: Re: Help Me find a BOOK ! X-Nntp-Posting-Host: dayhoff.med.virginia.edu Message-ID: Sender: usenet@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU Organization: uva References: Date: Sun, 7 Apr 1996 16:51:31 GMT Lines: 7 I think any microbiology text book should have the information you need. You may also check the book discuss the "cytoskeleton" functions. Good luck hongkai From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Sun Apr 07 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!ihnp4.ucsd.edu!swrinde!howland.reston.ans.net!gatech!newsfeed.internetmci.com!news.sprintlink.net!new-news.sprintlink.net!hermes.is.co.za!news.pix.za!usenet From: armand du plessis Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Gravity: Its effect on the body during exercise Date: Sun, 07 Apr 1996 22:38:31 -0100 Organization: datex-online Lines: 4 Message-ID: <316851F7.DCC@pixie.co.za> NNTP-Posting-Host: net-3.pta.pix.za Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Mailer: Mozilla 2.0GoldB1 (Win95; I) Anyone with an answer to the question please! Inclusive of centre-of-gravity and moments forces associated with exercise. thanks :) armand From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Sun Apr 07 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!rutgers!oitnews.harvard.edu!purdue!haven.umd.edu!news.ums.edu!umabnet.ab.umd.edu!news From: pdelaney@anesthlab.ab.umd.edu (Paul A. Delaney) Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Re: Non-Invasive blood pressure and heart rate measurements Date: Mon, 08 Apr 1996 12:13:57 GMT Organization: UMAB Anesthesiology Lines: 15 Message-ID: <4kb2td$242i@trout.ab.umd.edu> References: <3160A227.54F1@alpha1.curtin.edu.au> NNTP-Posting-Host: anesth07.ab.umd.edu X-Newsreader: Forte Free Agent 1.0.82 Clayton Bell wrote: >I am a student at Curtin Univercity studying Electrical and Computer >Sytems engineering. My medical knowlege is minimal although I have >read extensively about biosensros and biotechnology/bioengineering. (more but snipped) Clinically, anesthesiologists only trust pulse oximeters when their calculated heart rates match those of the ECG. An ECG machine has a nice 25mm spike in the QRS complex for every heat beat. In contrast the pulse oximeter is presented with a much more wavy signal which can at times be rather flat. It's not too hard to confuse a pulse ox imeter. From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Sun Apr 07 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!sc106.krasnoyarsk.su!sad From: sad@sc106.krasnoyarsk.su ("Michail G.Sadovsky") Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: (none) Date: 8 Apr 1996 00:08:43 -0700 Organization: The Krasnoyarsk Experimental SchoolUnivers Lines: 2 Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: world Message-ID: References: <4k46la$htl@news.iastate.edu> NNTP-Posting-Host: net.bio.net unsubs From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Sun Apr 07 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!UCONNVM.UCONN.EDU!RHODES From: RHODES@UCONNVM.UCONN.EDU Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Re: A dilemma over graduate schools (fwd) Date: 8 Apr 1996 13:09:50 -0700 Organization: BIOSCI International Newsgroups for Molecular Biology Lines: 29 Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: world Message-ID: <960408.160100.EDT.RHODES@UConnVM.UConn.Edu> NNTP-Posting-Host: net.bio.net On 4/8/96, John Philo wrote: >----------8<--------(snip)------- > Lastly, I want to return to the 'reputation issue'. While it is > certainly true that a degree from a 'big name' school can open doors in > certain cases, it is far from an automatic ticket to career success. My > own experience is that the fact that my degrees are from Stanford and > Hopkins has done little to help my career. I think that many people fail > to realize that it is far more important how much your particular THESIS > ADVISOR will do to help your career. John - I agree with most of what you said, but in regard to the last paragraph, wish to add that EVEN MORE important is what you do and how well you do it. i.e. Regardless of where or with whom you do it, great research will carry you a lot farther than the name of the school where it was performed. Moreover, if you're interested in the work you're doing (rather than going through the motions of an "assigned thesis") you'll be more motivated and will achieve to your capacity. Therefore, I'd suggest that our puzzled student decide based on "expertise in area of interest" at institution A/B, including (as you suggest) some "depth on the bench". (just my $0.02-worth) | O==O | | DAVID G. RHODES O==O PHONE 860-486-5413 | | SCHOOL OF PHARMACY; U-92 O==O FAX 860-486-4998 | | UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT O==O | | STORRS, CT 06269-2092 O==O RHODES@UCONNVM.UCONN.EDU | | O==O | From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Sun Apr 07 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!rutgers!gatech!newsfeed.internetmci.com!in1.uu.net!amgen!usenet From: John Philo Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Re: A dilemma over graduate schools Date: Mon, 08 Apr 1996 07:53:32 -0700 Organization: Amgen Inc. Lines: 52 Message-ID: <3169286C.607F@amgen.com> References: <4jsn25$qhq@piglet.cc.uic.edu> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Mailer: Mozilla 2.01 (Win16; U) To: Jeremy Fennema Jeremy Fennema wrote: > > I would like some help in deciding between two biophysical related > graduate programs. I've been accepted to the Intercampus program in > molecular biophysics at Johns Hopkins University as well as the newly > established Graduate research program in energy transduction > mechanisms at Arizona State University. I would appreciate any > feedback on what any informed persons would say about either program > to help me decide between them. I would like to present a dissenting view from those who think you should make a decision based solely on a school's reputation. Sure, Hopkins is more widely known for all biology/biomedical areas (and I happen to hold a Hopkins undergraduate degree), but A.S.U. does some excellent and highly visible work in the photosynthesis area (and I am sure in some other areas I am unaware of). I think the most important thing is: Which school has research programs that appeal strongly to you? These days there are few enough reasons to pursue a Ph.D. in the sciences---the only real reason to do it is if you love doing science in that area. I know it seems too soon to be thinking about a specific research group, but if a particular school doesn't have at least two groups that seem interesting from the outset, you probably shouldn't go there. With shrinking university and federal research budgets, you also need to think about the prospects for graduate student support those groups. With regard to the Hopkins program, you also need to think about the possible downside of a program split between two campuses. That might leave you largely on your own, without a group of fellow grad students to interact with. I think the experience of many people is that it was only the help and encouragement of their fellow students that pulled them through their Ph.D. programs, and I would think twice about any program where this type of interaction might be limited. I would strongly encourage you to visit both campuses and talk with the faculty and students if you have not already done so. Lastly, I want to return to the 'reputation issue'. While it is certainly true that a degree from a 'big name' school can open doors in certain cases, it is far from an automatic ticket to career success. My own experience is that the fact that my degrees are from Stanford and Hopkins has done little to help my career. I think that many people fail to realize that it is far more important how much your particular THESIS ADVISOR will do to help your career. Good luck with your decision. John Philo, Protein Chemistry Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA jphilo@amgen.com --Opinions expressed are not necessarily those of Amgen-- *** Disclaimer: These are the opinions of the poster not Amgen Inc.*** From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Mon Apr 08 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!daresbury!nntp-trd.UNINETT.no!newsfeed.sunet.se!news01.sunet.se!sunic!newsfeed.ACO.net!swidir.switch.ch!swsbe6.switch.ch!surfnet.nl!howland.reston.ans.net!gatech!newsfeed.internetmci.com!news.sprintlink.net!new-news.sprintlink.net!news.celestar.com!news.itsnet.com!krusty.itsnet.com!ajackson From: Alan Jackson Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Re: MAGNETIC HEALTH EFFECTS (not smoking) Date: Wed, 3 Apr 1996 23:42:48 -0700 Organization: Internet Technology Systems, Provo UT USA Lines: 116 Message-ID: References: <3161683B.21A2@christa.unh.edu> NNTP-Posting-Host: krusty.itsnet.com Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII In-Reply-To: <3161683B.21A2@christa.unh.edu> Yada, Yada, Yada! ... ... I think that this crap would make a good manuscript for the X-files. Mr Jackson, could I edit this (fix all the spelling and grammatical errors) and send it in? -- Jeff Messer Department of Biochemistry - UNH Biological Science Center 46 College Road Durham, NH 03824-3544 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ I can see that you would not know a good thing, if you saw it. Soon we will all be able to. There is much research being compiled conserning magnetic field, I am sure you could find some of it by way of most search engines, like Webcraler. However, I find that most researchers are unaware of the roll that magnetic bacteria play in cell growth. This would be a good place for anyone wishing to learn more about the effects of magnetic fields on their health. Ref: "Magnetic Navigation an Attractive Possibility". SCIENCE, Vol.215, 19 March 1982. I'm in the process of getting NASA to create a artificial magnetic field which will prevent the deterioration that now occurs in the astronauts, while in space. This deterioration, known as osteoporosis, will also be prevented within people here on earth, with the type/model of artificial magnetic field produced by NASA. For people to become aware that man has not, up until now, been useing magnetic fields to their full potential, will cause them to maintain much better health then ever before. And stop many from thinking problems are caused by things that are not causing them. The magnetic bed will create a magnetic field around a person, (one like the earths), and the field will be made to shift every so often, (it seems about every 45 min or so), this will be like the bird caring for its egg. Electromagnetic fields, are something that our bodies have learned to use. Our bodies have learned to use the earth's type of a magnetic field. A/C voltage produces a magnetic field that shifts, or reverses, 60 times a second, and this makes it hard, or impossible, for magnetic bacteria, (in our cells), to make magnetite from the iron that we take into our bodies when we eat. The earth's magnetic field has its north and south poles stay in about the same place. These bacteria use the lines of flux when putting iron particals together, like a brick layer uses a string, to line up the bricks. When most of the iron particals, are lined up with their norths in the same direction, we call it magnetite, not just iron. The bacteria are doing this inside the cells, such as producing an electrical charge as they move about, (like we do crossing the carpet and then touching the TV), they cause the cell to divide when their population reaches a certain number, and they produce magnetite which is used to form the nuclear envelope, ( protecting the DNA). These bacteria serve these functions within our cells only when we provide them with what they need, like keeping fish healthy in a fish tank. I was hoping you would help make the world a better place by being aware of something new and important. If I can be of any help, let me know. I'm still learning too. At your service, Alan E. Jackson ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ "It is dangerous to be right when the government is wrong." Voltaire "Leadership is getting someone to do what they don't want to do, to achieve what they want to achieve." -- Tom Landry ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ The effect of bringing this issue to the forefront, as a "news topic", and having it held there long enough to educate people to the fact that they are being effected, health-wise, by magnetic fields would be deemed necessary by anyone who becomes aware of these facts, and has the best interests of everyone in mind. From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Mon Apr 08 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!ns1.faseb.org!lamarck.sura.net!newsfeed.internetmci.com!gatech!psinntp!psinntp!psinntp!news.nstn.ca!newsflash.concordia.ca!news.mcgill.ca!karttune From: karttune@elrond.physics.mcgill.ca (Mikko Karttunen) Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: WWW: Physics Conferences (incl. biophysics) On-Line Date: 8 Apr 1996 23:35:10 GMT Organization: Center for the Physics of Materials Lines: 187 Message-ID: <4kc7re$7t7@sifon.cc.mcgill.ca> NNTP-Posting-Host: elrond.physics.mcgill.ca Dear Scientist/Conference Organizer, We are pleased to inform you about a new electronic bulletin board for physics conferences, workshops and summer schools. This is part of a new larger service called "The Internet Pilot To Physics", or TIPTOP. TIPTOP is a collaboration between several institutes and learned socities in Europe and North America, and it includes the widely popular 'Physics Around the World' and 'Net Advance of Physics' -services. We have a monthly access 20 000+: your announcement really reaches physicists all over the world. At the moment there are 150+ meetings announcements. All up-to-date! And we also cover interdisciplinary areas! ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Please note: This is the official EurophysNet upload facility: all | =========== announcements inputted using this facility are added | in to the EPS EurophysNet meetings list which is generated | in collaboration with all the major national physical | socities. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ TIPTOP has also a lot more to offer than the conference bulletin board: bulletin boards for jobs, new books, used equipment, on-line encyclopedia of physics, educational software project etc. etc. + listings of physics resources on The Internet. And there are a lot of things to come in the next couple of weeks! Please, go ahead and take a look around! => If you prefer, you can also send the conference info by email, and => we'll add it in the lists. Include at least name of the conference, => dates, deadline for application, description and contact info. ================================================================== | Please circulate this information to your collagues and students! | ================================================================== How does the conference/jobs bulletin board work: ================================================= To submit an announcement you have to register first, the link for that can be found on each page. The reason why you have to register is that this way you'll be able to edit your announcements if you wish. The service itself is absloutely free for all users. After you have registered, you'll receive an email (in about 2 minutes but depending on your connection it may take considerably longer) that gives you your password. You can change the password if you wish. Please note that you can always email us the information to tiptop-user@tph.tuwien.ac.at if don't wish to use the electronic bulletin board yourself. When you announce your conference: ---------------------------------- - Go to http://www.tp.umu.se/TIPTOP/FORUM/CONF/ - Select 'Submit Your Announcement' - If you haven't registrated, plese do do and after that fill in the required fields - It is important that you give the deadline for applications correctly since the server removes the entry automatically when the deadline is over. This way the lists remain always - After you have completed and submitted the form your entry appears in the list. You can edit the entry by selecting 'edit'. You can only edit your own entries. - That's it! URL of the Conference Server: http://www.tp.umu.se/TIPTOP/FORUM/CONF/ The home page of the Internet Pilot to Physics is at URL: http://www.tp.umu.se/TIPTOP/ Should you have any questions, or if you experience any problems with this server, please let us know. With Best Regards, Mikko Karttunen (McGill University, Canada) Kenneth Holmlund (Umea University, Sweden) Guenther Nowotny (TU Vienna, Austria) --------------------------------------------------------------------------- THE INTERNET PILOT TO PHYSICS Email: tiptop-sys@tph.tuwien.ac.at URL: http://www.tp.umu.se/TIPTOP/ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Mon Apr 08 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!biosci!not-for-mail From: karttune@elrond.physics.mcgill.ca (Mikko Karttunen) Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: WWW: Physics Conferences (incl. biophysics) On-Line Date: 8 Apr 1996 21:41:27 -0700 Organization: Center for the Physics of Materials Lines: 103 Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: world Message-ID: <4kc7l4$7qb@sifon.cc.mcgill.ca> NNTP-Posting-Host: net.bio.net Dear Scientist/Conference Organizer, We are pleased to inform you about a new electronic bulletin board for physics conferences, workshops and summer schools. This is part of a new larger service called "The Internet Pilot To Physics", or TIPTOP. TIPTOP is a collaboration between several institutes and learned socities in Europe and North America, and it includes the widely popular 'Physics Around the World' and 'Net Advance of Physics' -services. We have a monthly access 20 000+: your announcement really reaches physicists all over the world. At the moment there are 150+ meetings announcements. All up-to-date! And we also cover interdisciplinary areas! ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Please note: This is the official EurophysNet upload facility: all | =========== announcements inputted using this facility are added | in to the EPS EurophysNet meetings list which is generated | in collaboration with all the major national physical | socities. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ TIPTOP has also a lot more to offer than the conference bulletin board: bulletin boards for jobs, new books, used equipment, on-line encyclopedia of physics, educational software project etc. etc. + listings of physics resources on The Internet. And there are a lot of things to come in the next couple of weeks! Please, go ahead and take a look around! => If you prefer, you can also send the conference info by email, and => we'll add it in the lists. Include at least name of the conference, => dates, deadline for application, description and contact info. ================================================================== | Please circulate this information to your collagues and students! | ================================================================== How does the conference/jobs bulletin board work: ================================================= To submit an announcement you have to register first, the link for that can be found on each page. The reason why you have to register is that this way you'll be able to edit your announcements if you wish. The service itself is absloutely free for all users. After you have registered, you'll receive an email (in about 2 minutes but depending on your connection it may take considerably longer) that gives you your password. You can change the password if you wish. Please note that you can always email us the information to tiptop-user@tph.tuwien.ac.at if don't wish to use the electronic bulletin board yourself. When you announce your conference: ---------------------------------- - Go to http://www.tp.umu.se/TIPTOP/FORUM/CONF/ - Select 'Submit Your Announcement' - If you haven't registrated, plese do do and after that fill in the required fields - It is important that you give the deadline for applications correctly since the server removes the entry automatically when the deadline is over. This way the lists remain always - After you have completed and submitted the form your entry appears in the list. You can edit the entry by selecting 'edit'. You can only edit your own entries. - That's it! URL of the Conference Server: http://www.tp.umu.se/TIPTOP/FORUM/CONF/ The home page of the Internet Pilot to Physics is at URL: http://www.tp.umu.se/TIPTOP/ Should you have any questions, or if you experience any problems with this server, please let us know. With Best Regards, Mikko Karttunen (McGill University, Canada) Kenneth Holmlund (Umea University, Sweden) Guenther Nowotny (TU Vienna, Austria) --------------------------------------------------------------------------- THE INTERNET PILOT TO PHYSICS Email: tiptop-sys@tph.tuwien.ac.at URL: http://www.tp.umu.se/TIPTOP/ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Mon Apr 08 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!rutgers!gatech!newsfeed.pitt.edu!scramble.lm.com!news.psc.edu!nntp.sei.cmu.edu!fs7.ece.cmu.edu!speering.alleg.edu!news From: janeskb@bio107.alleg.edu (Benjamin Janesko) Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Electron excitation in chlorophyll Date: 9 Apr 1996 20:53:23 GMT Organization: Allegheny College Lines: 15 Message-ID: <4keio3$qvf@speering.alleg.edu> NNTP-Posting-Host: bio107.alleg.edu I am currently trying to put together an experiment on electron excitation in the chlorophyll molecule. In photosynthesis, a photon of light of wavelength680 nm strikes a molecule of chlorophyll and excites an electron. The electron is passed through a transport chain, which harnasses its energy. My question is; Could the chlorophyll molecule be excited by an electron of the proper energy? And if so, could running electric current of the proper voltage through a solution containing isolated chloroplasts start the electron transport chain in the chloroplasts? If you have any knowledge of similar experiments, or any suggestions as to whether this experiment could work and why, I would appreciate hearing from you in this newsgroup or by email. Thanks. Ben Janesko From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Tue Apr 09 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!rutgers!uwm.edu!psuvax1!news.eecs.nwu.edu!newsfeed.acns.nwu.edu!news.cc.uic.edu!PROTEINS From: Fin@fuckin.fin.com (Fin) Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Dilemma over Grad School: Resolved Date: 9 Apr 1996 18:30:29 GMT Organization: University of Illinois at Chicago Lines: 20 Message-ID: <4keac5$1f5a@piglet.cc.uic.edu> NNTP-Posting-Host: proteins.phy.uic.edu X-Newsreader: News Xpress Version 1.0 Beta #3 I would just like to say thanks for all the informed opinions I've gotten, both those which were posted and those sent to me personally. I've decided to go to Johns Hopkins mostly based on the fact that they have a broader range of projects that interest me than do Arizona State or Baylor College of Med. The one thing I would like to point out in response to ASU getting a bit slammed in comparison with J/H is that they have an excellent program designed for the study of electron transport mechanisms, in particular, photosynthetic systems and if that had been my dedicated area of interest I would have chosen to go there hands down. So to those who said that there's a whole lot more to a grad program than just a name, I agree whole heartedly. Thanks again. Jeremy Fennema fennema@sunphy1.phy.uic.edu We are the singers of songs and the dreamers of dreams - Willy Wonka From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Tue Apr 09 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!daresbury!nntp-trd.UNINETT.no!newsfeed.sunet.se!news01.sunet.se!sunic!mn6.swip.net!plug.news.pipex.net!pipex!weld.news.pipex.net!pipex!rail.news.pipex.net!pipex!tube.news.pipex.net!pipex!lade.news.pipex.net!pipex!tank.news.pipex.net!pipex!newsfeed.internetmci.com!in1.uu.net!news.emi.com!pauling.wadsworth.org!tivol From: tivol@news.wadsworth.org (William Tivol) Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Re: Electron excitation in chlorophyll Date: 10 Apr 1996 19:20:10 GMT Organization: Wadsworth Center, NY Health Dept. Lines: 39 Message-ID: <4kh1la$j4h@pauling.wadsworth.org> References: <4keio3$qvf@speering.alleg.edu> NNTP-Posting-Host: alcor.wadsworth.org X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2] Dear Ben You (janeskb@bio107.alleg.edu) wrote: : I am currently trying to put together an experiment on electron : excitation in the chlorophyll molecule. In photosynthesis, a photon of : light of wavelength680 nm strikes a molecule of chlorophyll and excites an : electron. The electron is passed through a transport chain, which : harnasses its energy. My question is; Could the chlorophyll molecule be : excited by an electron of the proper energy? Yes, but there are big problems. What you would need is to have a charged particle (an electron would do) which transfers energy resulting in the chromophore of the chlorophyll being excited. This can happen via Coulomb excitation, but there is a much larger cross-section for other energy-loss processes, such as ionization, plasmon production, etc. BTW, the "proper energy" is likely to be some keV, not the ~1 eV of a 680 nm photon. : And if so, could running : electric current of the proper voltage through a solution containing : isolated chloroplasts start the electron transport chain in the : chloroplasts? I don't think so, although a uniform potential superimposed with a varying potential (like EPR or NMR) might do the trick. You should have as low a current as possible in order to minimize heating. : If you have any knowledge of similar experiments, or any : suggestions as to whether this experiment could work and why, I would : appreciate hearing from you in this newsgroup or by email. Thanks. You might have limited success with the uniform + varying field setup or electron energy-loss spectroscopy finding a characteristic energy loss which corresponds to the excitation energy of chlorophyll, but these would be difficult experiments. However, that's why they call it "research". Good luck. Yours, Bill Tivol From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Tue Apr 09 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!ihnp4.ucsd.edu!munnari.OZ.AU!news.ecn.uoknor.edu!qns3.qns.com!imci4!newsfeed.internetmci.com!tank.news.pipex.net!pipex!howland.reston.ans.net!EU.net!news.eunet.fi!news.spb.su!KremlSun!fagot!nic!mx.nsu.ru!news.phys.msu.su!news From: "Alexander I. Lebedev" Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: WWW: Best search engines for finding scientific information in the Net Date: 10 Apr 1996 10:18:01 GMT Organization: Physics Dept., Moscow State University Lines: 29 Distribution: inet Message-ID: <4kg1sp$qs5@news.phys.msu.su> NNTP-Posting-Host: scon155.phys.msu.su Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Mailer: Mozilla 1.22 (Windows; I; 16bit) New version of my document "Best search engines for finding scientific information in the Net" is now available at the URL: http://www.chem.msu.su/eng/comparison.html In this version (17 kBytes long) you'll find: - Results of comparison of efficiency of eleven search engines for finding scientific information which is located on WWW servers; - The dynamics of the REAL number of documents which can be found by each search engine; - The relationship between numbers of scientific documents in the Net and in professional databases; - Short description of each search engine; - Links to other documents which compare different search engines. And the last, you can start your search in the Internet directly from this document. You're welcome, Alexander Lebedev http://www.chem.msu.su/~swan/le.html From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Tue Apr 09 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!daresbury!bioftp.unibas.ch!news.vub.ac.be!news.belnet.be!news.rediris.es!news.uoregon.edu!newsfeed.orst.edu!news.orst.edu!ava.bcc.orst.edu!daleyl From: Larry Daley Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Re: Electron excitation in chlorophyll Date: Wed, 10 Apr 1996 10:12:16 -0700 Organization: Oregon State University Lines: 36 Message-ID: References: <4keio3$qvf@speering.alleg.edu> NNTP-Posting-Host: ava.bcc.orst.edu Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: MULTIPART/MIXED; BOUNDARY="1900028578-1657993317-829156336=:17069" In-Reply-To: <4keio3$qvf@speering.alleg.edu> This message is in MIME format. The first part should be readable text, while the remaining parts are likely unreadable without MIME-aware tools. Send mail to mime@docserver.cac.washington.edu for more info. --1900028578-1657993317-829156336=:17069 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Dear Dr. Janesko: You might write to Dr. Elias Greenbaum, Chemical Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831. His e-mail address is exg@ornl.gov larry daley On 9 Apr 1996, Benjamin Janesko wrote: > I am currently trying to put together an experiment on electron > excitation in the chlorophyll molecule. In photosynthesis, a photon of > light of wavelength680 nm strikes a molecule of chlorophyll and excites an > electron. The electron is passed through a transport chain, which > harnasses its energy. My question is; Could the chlorophyll molecule be > excited by an electron of the proper energy? And if so, could running > electric current of the proper voltage through a solution containing > isolated chloroplasts start the electron transport chain in the > chloroplasts? > If you have any knowledge of similar experiments, or any > suggestions as to whether this experiment could work and why, I would > appreciate hearing from you in this newsgroup or by email. Thanks. > > Ben Janesko > > > --1900028578-1657993317-829156336=:17069-- From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Wed Apr 10 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!ns1.faseb.org!lamarck.sura.net!newsfeed.internetmci.com!howland.reston.ans.net!surfnet.nl!swsbe6.switch.ch!news.belnet.be!news.vub.ac.be!bioftp.unibas.ch!daresbury!nntp-trd.UNINETT.no!newsfeed.sunet.se!news01.sunet.se!sunic!newsfeed.ACO.net!news.univie.ac.at!unet.univie.ac.at!not-for-mail From: a9100518@unet.univie.ac.at () Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Sensorial Substitutes & Prosthetics Date: 11 Apr 1996 16:26:37 GMT Organization: Vienna University, Austria Lines: 12 Message-ID: <4kjbrt$1bas@www.univie.ac.at> NNTP-Posting-Host: unet.univie.ac.at X-Newsreader: TIN [UNIX 1.3 950515BETA PL0] Hello, I'm a student of medicine and I'm very interested in auditorial & visual substitutes like the cochlean implant. Recently there were some announcements about certain stimulation research of the visual cortex. Does anybody know something about these tests? I'm also looking for some scientific books or courses that could explain something about techniques of connecting electronical devices with (neural)membrane layers, modulation of electronic signals into transferable neural stimuli and the like. I would be grateful for response. Peter From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Thu Apr 11 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!daresbury!bioftp.unibas.ch!news.vub.ac.be!news.belnet.be!swsbe6.switch.ch!scsing.switch.ch!news.belwue.de!news.uni-stuttgart.de!uni-regensburg.de!lrz-muenchen.de!informatik.tu-muenchen.de!Germany.EU.net!EU.net!howland.reston.ans.net!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!newsfeed.internetmci.com!netnews2.nwnet.net!news.u.washington.edu!ngrjn From: ngrjn@u.washington.edu (V. Nagarajan) Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Re: Electron excitation in chlorophyll Date: 12 Apr 1996 03:43:30 GMT Organization: University of Washington, Seattle Lines: 39 Message-ID: <4kkjh2$oak@nntp3.u.washington.edu> References: <4keio3$qvf@speering.alleg.edu> NNTP-Posting-Host: homer14.u.washington.edu NNTP-Posting-User: ngrjn In article <4keio3$qvf@speering.alleg.edu>, Benjamin Janesko wrote: > I am currently trying to put together an experiment on electron >excitation in the chlorophyll molecule. In photosynthesis, a photon of >light of wavelength680 nm strikes a molecule of chlorophyll and excites an >electron. The electron is passed through a transport chain, which >harnasses its energy. My question is; Could the chlorophyll molecule be >excited by an electron of the proper energy? And if so, could running >electric current of the proper voltage through a solution containing >isolated chloroplasts start the electron transport chain in the >chloroplasts? > If you have any knowledge of similar experiments, or any >suggestions as to whether this experiment could work and why, I would >appreciate hearing from you in this newsgroup or by email. Thanks. > The photon excites the chlorophyll dimer (actually indirectly; the excitation transfers from nearby "antenna" chlorophyll molecules which absorb the photon first because they are much larger in number) and the excited dimer then gives off an electron to an acceptor molecule and subsequently transfers to other acceptors. You could set up an electrode in a salty solution of chloroplasts and apply a potential with proper reference and you would oxidize (that is, remove the electron from) the dimer or even reduce (add an electron to) the acceptor depending on how the electrode is biased with respect to the reference. This should tell you right away that you cannot both oxidize and reduce (which is what happens following light absorption) because you cannot bias the electrode simultaneously in both directions. The ejected (added) electron returns to (leaves from) the electrode depending on the bias. The light, on the other hand, can supply the energy necessary to oxidize the electron donor and reduce the acceptor. Feel free to email me if you need further clarifications or if you have more questions. I may be slow but i will try to answer. - Nagarajan From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Sat Apr 13 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!agate!howland.reston.ans.net!newsfeed.internetmci.com!newshub.csu.net!cello.gina.calstate.edu!swrl7.slip.gina.csu.net!timstep From: Timothy Stephenson Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Kids want to interview you (spam with a purpose) Date: 14 Apr 1996 21:42:36 GMT Organization: Teacher/Disaster Planner Lines: 3 Distribution: world Message-ID: <4krrgc$act@cello.gina.calstate.edu> NNTP-Posting-Host: swrl7.slip.gina.csu.net X-UserAgent: 2.2 X-XXMessage-ID: X-XXDate: Sun, 14 Apr 96 21:42:18 GMT I would like to assign my high school biology students to interview you by e-mail. Available? Please e-mail to: "timstep@cello.gina.calstate.edu". Thanks! -Tim From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Sun Apr 14 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!agate!howland.reston.ans.net!Germany.EU.net!zib-berlin.de!zrz.TU-Berlin.DE!w250zrz.zrz.TU-Berlin.DE!gertefcf From: gertefcf@w250zrz.zrz.TU-Berlin.DE (Gert Christen) Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: measurement of pD Date: 15 Apr 1996 12:09:40 GMT Organization: /usr/news/lib/organisation Lines: 13 Message-ID: <4ktea4$6nq@brachio.zrz.TU-Berlin.DE> NNTP-Posting-Host: w250zrz.zrz.tu-berlin.de Hi there, does anyone know how to measure correctly the pD with a glass electrode? Comments and references related to this topic are appreciated. Bye Gert e-mail: gertefcf@sp.zrz.tu-berlin.de -- Gert Christen TU-Berlin Max-Volmer-Institut fuer Biophysikalische und Physikalische Chemie Tel.: 314-22713 From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Sun Apr 14 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!MOLDEV.COM!jack_owicki From: jack_owicki@MOLDEV.COM (Jack Owicki) Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Maximum acceleration for humans? Date: 15 Apr 1996 10:55:30 -0700 Organization: BIOSCI International Newsgroups for Molecular Biology Lines: 24 Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: world Message-ID: NNTP-Posting-Host: net.bio.net A mechanical engineer whom I know is working on a car that corners well (I think he's going to enter a race around a very small circular track). He asked me the maximum sustained g-force that a human can withstand for a few minutes and still control a vehicle. I didn't know but told him I'd try to find out. A quick web search was fruitless. This situation would be a little different from the standard astronaut/pilot case, where the acceleration is along the dorsal-ventral axis, or maybe even the anterior-posterior axis. Here, the axis is lateral, left-to-right or vice-versa; someone would be sitting in a conventional car seat (with lots of lateral support, presumably) steering in a tight circle. For optical effects, which I think are retinal, you might expect tunnel vision and blackout in the eye that is closer to the interior of the track. Anyone have any knowledge of this or a pointer to information? I'd be happy for astronaut/pilot info if nothing is available on the special case at hand. Thanks. Jack Owicki From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Sun Apr 14 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!umsmed.edu!davidson From: davidson@umsmed.edu ("Victor L. Davidson") Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Re: measurement of pD Date: 15 Apr 1996 12:56:25 -0700 Organization: BIOSCI International Newsgroups for Molecular Biology Lines: 25 Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: world Message-ID: References: <4ktea4$6nq@brachio.zrz.TU-Berlin.DE> NNTP-Posting-Host: net.bio.net On 15 Apr 1996, Gert Christen wrote: > Hi there, > > does anyone know how to measure correctly the pD with a glass electrode? > Comments and references related to this topic are appreciated. > > Bye Gert > > e-mail: gertefcf@sp.zrz.tu-berlin.de > -- > Gert Christen TU-Berlin > Max-Volmer-Institut > fuer Biophysikalische und Physikalische Chemie > Tel.: 314-22713 > > To correct for the effect of D2O on the electrode response the value of pD is obtained by adding 0.40 to the observed pH in D2O [Glasoe & Long (1960) J. Phys. Chem. 64, 188-190]. A good reference for doing experiments in D2O is Schowen & Schowen (1982) Methods Enzymol. 87, 551-606. Victor From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Sun Apr 14 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!CCIT.ARIZONA.EDU!AYool From: AYool@CCIT.ARIZONA.EDU (Andrea Yool) Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: K channel blocker Date: 15 Apr 1996 11:20:55 -0700 Organization: BIOSCI International Newsgroups for Molecular Biology Lines: 14 Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: world Message-ID: <01I3KHD6OVMA8WW7C6@CCIT.ARIZONA.EDU> NNTP-Posting-Host: net.bio.net My question is: Does anyone have information on how to get the compound E-4031, a Class III antiarrhythmic K channel blocker? Papers often cite it as a gift of Eisai in Tokyo, Japan, but our purchasing dept has no information on this company. Thanks, Andrea Yool Dept. Physiology University of Arizona From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Sun Apr 14 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!news.Stanford.EDU!bloom-beacon.mit.edu!senator-bedfellow.mit.edu!athena.mit.edu!tvaughan From: tvaughan@athena.mit.edu (Timothy E Vaughan) Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Re: Maximum acceleration for humans? Date: 15 Apr 1996 22:36:10 GMT Organization: Massachusetts Institute of Technology Lines: 17 Distribution: world Message-ID: <4kuj0q$4ep@senator-bedfellow.MIT.EDU> References: NNTP-Posting-Host: milanese.mit.edu In article , jack_owicki@MOLDEV.COM (Jack Owicki) writes: |> A mechanical engineer whom I know is working on a car that corners well (I |> think he's going to enter a race around a very small circular track). He |> asked me the maximum sustained g-force that a human can withstand for a few |> minutes and still control a vehicle. I didn't know but told him I'd try |> to find out. A quick web search was fruitless. I don't have the answer to your question, but I will suggest that this is not likely to be an issue for your friend. If you are talking about a REAL car, and not a theoretical exercise, I think it quite doubtful that your friend will design a car that can accelerate himself to blackout conditions. Empirically, just think about carnival rides with small radii of curvature and high speeds. People don't black out on them. Tim From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Mon Apr 15 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!agate!howland.reston.ans.net!gatech!newsfeed.internetmci.com!in1.uu.net!amgen!usenet From: John Philo Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Re: Maximum acceleration for humans? Date: Mon, 15 Apr 1996 18:00:03 -0700 Organization: Amgen Inc. Lines: 37 Message-ID: <3172F113.794F@amgen.com> References: Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Mailer: Mozilla 2.01 (Win16; U) To: Jack Owicki Jack Owicki wrote: > > A mechanical engineer whom I know is working on a car that corners well (I > think he's going to enter a race around a very small circular track). He > asked me the maximum sustained g-force that a human can withstand for a few > minutes and still control a vehicle. > (snip) > Here, the axis is lateral, left-to-right or vice-versa; someone would be > sitting in a conventional car seat (with lots of lateral support, > presumably) steering in a tight circle. For optical effects, which I > think are retinal, you might expect tunnel vision and blackout in the > eye that is closer to the interior of the track. > (snip) > > Jack Owicki Maybe I am misunderstanding something here, but it seems to me that this not likely to be a problem, because even in a car that "corners well" you will not have a lateral acceleration greater than 1.0 g. From the description, it appears that the intention is to race on a level (non-banked) track. Therefore, assuming this is a car on tires (not rails), and ignoring aerodynamic forces for the moment, the maximum lateral frictional force available from the tires will be given by (mass x g x frictional coefficient). This force can produce a lateral acceleration no greater than 1 g (and even that would require a tire producing a coefficient of rolling friction of 1.0, and I doubt any tire useful for racing comes close to that). If the car is designed to use aerodynamic forces to force it against the pavement, the lateral forces could go up somewhat, but I still doubt you could get lateral accelerations much above 1 g. Therefore, since we suffer no ill effects from sleeping on our side, it seems to me that this is not a problem. John Philo, Protein Chemistry Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA jphilo@amgen.com *** Disclaimer: These are the opinions of the poster not Amgen Inc.*** From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Mon Apr 15 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!bcm.tmc.edu!cs.utexas.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!surfnet.nl!swsbe6.switch.ch!scsing.switch.ch!news.belwue.de!news.uni-stuttgart.de!uni-regensburg.de!newsserv.uni-bayreuth.de!uni-erlangen.de!winx03!wpxx02.toxi.uni-wuerzburg.de!not-for-mail From: krasel@wpxx02.toxi.uni-wuerzburg.de (Cornelius Krasel) Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Re: Maximum acceleration for humans? Date: 16 Apr 1996 16:32:20 GMT Organization: University of Wuerzburg, Germany Lines: 16 Distribution: world Message-ID: <4l0i2k$ilu@winx03.informatik.uni-wuerzburg.de> References: NNTP-Posting-Host: wpxx02.toxi.uni-wuerzburg.de X-Newsreader: TIN [UNIX 1.3 950824BETA PL0] Jack Owicki (jack_owicki@MOLDEV.COM) wrote: > A mechanical engineer whom I know is working on a car that corners well (I > think he's going to enter a race around a very small circular track). He > asked me the maximum sustained g-force that a human can withstand for a few > minutes and still control a vehicle. I didn't know but told him I'd try > to find out. A quick web search was fruitless. AFAIK the problem in racing cars is that you have to be fairly well trained to keep your head upright in the corners. --Cornelius. -- /* Cornelius Krasel, U Wuerzburg, Dept. of Pharmacology, Versbacher Str. 9 */ /* D-97078 Wuerzburg, Germany email: phak004@rzbox.uni-wuerzburg.de SP3 */ /* "Science is the game we play with God to find out what His rules are." */ From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Mon Apr 15 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!daresbury!nntp-trd.UNINETT.no!newsfeed.sunet.se!news00.sunet.se!sunic!news.sprintlink.net!news.bluesky.net!solaris.cc.vt.edu!newsfeed.internetmci.com!csn!news-1.csn.net!magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu!lerc.nasa.gov!purdue!haven.umd.edu!news.ums.edu!umabnet.ab.umd.edu!news From: pdelaney@anesthlab.ab.umd.edu (Paul A. Delaney) Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Re: Maximum acceleration for humans? Date: Tue, 16 Apr 1996 15:05:48 GMT Organization: UMAB Anesthesiology Lines: 16 Message-ID: <4l0cnt$2fo8@trout.ab.umd.edu> References: NNTP-Posting-Host: anesth07.ab.umd.edu X-Newsreader: Forte Free Agent 1.0.82 jack_owicki@MOLDEV.COM (Jack Owicki) wrote: >A mechanical engineer whom I know is working on a car that corners well (I >think he's going to enter a race around a very small circular track). He >asked me the maximum sustained g-force that a human can withstand for a few >minutes and still control a vehicle. I didn't know but told him I'd try >to find out. A quick web search was fruitless. etc. I don't see why one eye would be affected more than the other. True, they have different radii of motion, but onlt 2-3 inches -- not very much. Also, why worry about maximum G forces in a car which slips and slides at relatively G's? Still, yours is an interesting question, from a purely academic viewpoint. From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Mon Apr 15 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!MOLDEV.COM!jack_owicki From: jack_owicki@MOLDEV.COM (Jack Owicki) Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Re:Re: Maximum acceleration for humans? Date: 16 Apr 1996 15:55:20 -0700 Organization: BIOSCI International Newsgroups for Molecular Biology Lines: 22 Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: world Message-ID: NNTP-Posting-Host: net.bio.net Paul Delaney responds: >I don't see why one eye would be affected more than the other. True, >they have different radii of motion, but onlt 2-3 inches -- not very >much. Also, why worry about maximum G forces in a car which slips and >slides at relatively G's? Still, yours is an interesting question, >from a purely academic viewpoint. I agree that the eyes aren't on significantly different radii for centrifugal-force issues. Instead, I had in mind the pooling of blood toward the outside half of the body (distribution of an incompressible fluid inside an accelerated partially filled semi-rigid container). When the acceleration is anterior-posterior, I seem to remember that you can get a blackout or a redout, depending on whether you're accelerating toward or away from your head. Regarding "why worry?", I responded to that in a posting earlier today that maybe hasn't appeared everywhere yet. You can develop several g's in a tired vehicle, maybe even more in a rested one ;-) Jack. From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Tue Apr 16 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!bcm.tmc.edu!cs.utexas.edu!swrinde!sgigate.sgi.com!news.msfc.nasa.gov!newsfeed.internetmci.com!news.sprintlink.net!new-news.sprintlink.net!EU.net!Portugal.EU.net!news.rccn.net!master.di.fc.ul.pt!student.cc.fc.ul.pt!fviking From: Nuno Parreira Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics,space.cience,space.tech Subject: Life in the Universe and chances of colonization Date: Wed, 17 Apr 1996 09:33:50 +0200 Organization: Faculdade de Ciencias da Universidade de Lisboa Lines: 14 Message-ID: NNTP-Posting-Host: student.cc.fc.ul.pt Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII For all of you who had some knowledge about the search of life in the Universe and chances of colonization in another planets I want some help in these matters . For the ones who can help me my login is : fviking@cc.fc.ul.pt Any help will be gratefull , thanks Nuno Parreira . From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Tue Apr 16 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!internet!biosci!not-for-mail From: biohelp (BIOSCI Administrator) Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: IMPORTANT - BIOSCI Fundraising Update! Date: 17 Apr 1996 02:00:23 -0700 Organization: BIOSCI International Newsgroups for Molecular Biology Lines: 154 Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: world Message-ID: <199604170900.CAA29633@net.bio.net> NNTP-Posting-Host: net.bio.net BIOSCI is about halfway to its funding goal!! I'm interrupting the usual monthly posting of the BIOSCI miniFAQ to bring you up to date on BIOSCI fundraising progress, a topic of concern to your future use of this resource. Thank you in advance for taking the time to read this message carefully. Last year we announced that BIOSCI was going to adopt the U.S. Public Broadcasting System model to fund its operations after our DOE/NSF grant runs out later this year. Unlike PBS, we are not soliciting contributions from users; we are only selling ads on our Web pages solely to cover our operating costs. Our goal is to seek sponsorships until we build up an operating reserve of about $100,000 and then cease further promotions until we need to build the reserve back up. (The accountants among our readership will be familiar with the problem of deferred revenue which we can not safely utilize until ads have been displayed for a period of time.) We are only about halfway to our funding goal and need to raise further funds to avoid having to curtail services at net.bio.net. Fundraising is time-consuming, however, and we need your help as explained further below. Our operating costs consist of our network connection, phone lines, hardware maintenance (we will be getting newer and faster hardware soon!), plus 0.7 FTE of salaries covering UNIX systems admin, technical support, quality assurance, i.e., testing, of our system, and administrative costs (such as the time it takes to actually find/write/call potential sponsors and raise money!). Although the BIOSCI staff does get compensated for a portion of the work that they do, this project has always received a lot of free after-hours and "vacation" time labor, so we hope that no one will begrudge the time that we do charge to the project to serve you. All of the three part-time staff members, Dave Mack, Julie Lawrence, and myself, have full time day jobs and families in addition to working hard to keep this service running for all of you. Julie and Dave Mack are subcontractors for BIOSCI; my time that is charged to the project defrays a portion of my regular salary instead of adding to my income. Besides having to relocate the project, we were very busy this last year building new infrastructure such as our WWW hypermail interface to the system. This was released last December along with scores of WAIS indices for the newsgroups. Virtually everything is complete, although we do continue to find and fix bugs (many through your helpful feedback!). We are still having some problems with our WAIS indexing. The archives continue to grow rapidly. We are running over 100 indexes now versus three previously and any systems crashes cause greater havoc with the indexing than before! We are still working to fix this as fast as our resources permit and appreciate your patience, but we have been able to automate a lot of the infrastructure to reduce labor as compared to past requirements. We have also implemented new software to make moderation of BIOSCI/bionet newsgroups much easier and combat the growing problem of Internet junk mail and USENET "spamming." About 20% of our groups are now moderated, many of them by the BIOSCI staff! This, for example, made a major difference last year in the quality of content in our EMPLOYMENT/bionet.jobs.offered newsgroup which many commercial concerns and recruiting firms are using **without charge** to recruit candidates for positions in the biological sciences. We are also now in a position to have sponsors for individual newsgroups as you will have noticed if you have visited http://www.bio.net/ and clicked on "Access the BIOSCI/bionet newsgroups" recently. So, how can you help?? ---------------------- As noted above it can take a lot of time to contact potential sponsors if I have to do it all myself. Our request is quite simple. You can do two important things which will take very little time for you individually. First, please use our WWW system at http://www.bio.net/ to access the archives. You can now post or reply to messages via your Web browser. Your usage helps attract sponsors. If you contact any of our sponsors, please be sure to thank them for supporting BIOSCI. It is critical for them to get this feedback if they are to continue their sponsorship for the long term. Second, if you work for a company or organization that provides products or services of interest to the biology community, please pass this message on to your marketing or marketing communications department or other appropriate group. Please ask them to help support BIOSCI by sponsoring our Web site and explain the uses and benefits of the system to the biology community. If they are interested, they can then contact us for further information at our tech support address, biosci-help@net.bio.net. Our hope is to quickly raise several large corporate/institutional sponsors on our heavily-used WWW locations (some stats appended below), and then end this sponsorship campaign so that our resources can continue to be used for service provision, not fundraising. Many of our specialty newsgroup WWW archives are still used by small communities of scientists (and they haven't been heavily promoted yet). While these may be valuable niche markets to some advertisers, it will generate more labor and overhead having to find these sponsors, fairly price the locations, and deal with lots of smaller sponsorships than fewer mid-to large sponsors. We are striving to keep our operation as lean and efficient as possible since we are not trying to make careers out of running BIOSCI. We are trying if at all possible to avoid the administrative overhead entailed with processing lots of small payments to reach our fundraising goals. I'd like to thank all of you for your help in advance. In helping us, you are also helping yourselves, not only in keeping this resource available for all of the both large and small research communities that we serve, but also by alleviating the need for us to go back and compete with researchers for tight grant dollars! We promised NSF when we were awarded the BIOSCI grant that we would carry out this mission to make the service self-supporting. With your help, we will succeed in continuing BIOSCI's work into its second decade. Thank you very much! Sincerely, Dave Kristofferson BIOSCI/bionet Manager biosci-help@net.bio.net A list of our prime WWW sponsorship locations follow. Please contact us for further details. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- The overall BIOSCI WWW pages are currently visited by users from close to 5500 unique computer hosts per week. Web servers only log the Internet computer/host name and frequently more than one individual can connect to us from a particular host. Main home page, http://www.bio.net, visited recently by about 2100 unique hosts per week Main Newsgroups archives page, http://www.bio.net/archives.html, visited recently by about 1200 Unique hosts per week BIO-JOURNALS archive page, http://www.bio.net/BIO-JOURNALS.html, visited recently by about 1000 unique hosts per week. EMPLOYMENT archive pages: http://www.bio.net:80/hypermail/EMPLOYMENT/ and monthly header pages, visited recently by about 800 unique hosts per week. Address database search page, http://www.bio.net/addrsearch.html, visited recently by about 450 unique hosts per week. Methods newsgroup archive pages, http://www.bio.net:80/hypermail/METHDS- REAGNTS/ and monthly header pages, visited recently by about 350 unique hosts per week. Ads can also be displayed on various combinations of other BIOSCI/bionet newsgroups. Please contact us at biosci-help@net.bio.net for details. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Tue Apr 16 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!bcm.tmc.edu!pendragon!news.msfc.nasa.gov!newsfeed.internetmci.com!in1.uu.net!newsfeed.pitt.edu!bb3.andrew.cmu.edu!andrew.cmu.edu!sc6c+ From: "Sidney B. Cambridge" Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Isomerization upon irradiation Date: Wed, 17 Apr 1996 18:03:32 -0400 Organization: Doctoral student, Biology, Carnegie Mellon, Pittsburgh, PA Lines: 16 Message-ID: NNTP-Posting-Host: andrew.cmu.edu As far as my limited understanding of biophysics goes, there seem to be certain molecules that undergo structural changes upon irradiation with light in the UV/ visible region (such as the retinal of rhodopsin). Recently I wondered if there are other molecules that isomerize at wavelenghts much lower or higher than 200nm-700nm ? How about X-Rays or radiowaves ? I guess at higher wavelenghts, there's not enough energy being absorbed to cause structural changes, but then again there could be a phenomenon similar to the two photon excitation. I don't know if my question makes sense at all and I probably have the terminology wrong, too... Just being a curious developmental biologist. Sidney From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Wed Apr 17 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!daresbury!not-for-mail From: Alexander Spirov Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Preprint on line: SELF-ASSEMBLAGE OF GENE NETS IN EVOLUTION Date: 18 Apr 1996 16:52:05 +0100 Lines: 82 Sender: lpddist@mserv1.dl.ac.uk Distribution: bionet Message-ID: <4l5of5$lbd@mserv1.dl.ac.uk> Encoding: 81 TEXT Original-To: "'bionet.info-theory'" , "'bionet.general'" , "'bionet.biophysics'" , "'bionet.biology.computational'" , "'bionet.molbio.evolution'" This announcement is being cross-posted to several newsgroups. Please, excuse the duplication. Dear All, The following paper is now available as ZIP-compressed PostScript file via anonymous ftp from: ftp://ftp.iephb.ru/pub/spirov/selfassembl.zip and as HTM(L) Pages: URL: http://www.iephb.ru/selfass0.html URL: http://avs.iephb.ru/selfass0.htm Interactively: ftp ftp.iephb.ru login: anonymous Password: cd pub/spirov binary get selfassembl.zip quit The pub/spirov/index file contains an index of the other files. These materials are submitted for THE FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PARALLEL PROBLEM SOLVING FROM NATURE (PPSN IV) BERLIN, SEPT., 1996. Any comments and criticisms are most welcome. Title: "SELF-ASSEMBLAGE OF GENE NETS IN EVOLUTION VIA RECRUITING OF NEW NETTERS " Author: Alexander V. Spirov ABSTRACT To understand the conditions under which mutations and selection can lead to rising level of organization is of importance for evolutionary biology as well as in evolutionary computations. It is well-known that biological morphogenesis is the result of a cooperative self-regulating, self-organizing processes that is controlled by the genome. That is why many of the new developments of GA's begin to use hybrid systems which model both the self-organizing and selective mechanisms of biological systems. What is more, we must take into consideration two aspects of the self-organisation mechanisms in evolution. First aspect has been working out by some authors and deals with self-organising mechanisms of the genotype-phenotype presentation. Second aspect will be discussed here. According to it, self-organization become apparent in evolution as self-assemblage of the gene networks and cascades. This paper describes our first steps toward a biologically defensible model of evolutionary growth of Drosophila segmentation gene network. The identification of controller genes has been a significant recent finding in developmental biology. Networks and cascades of controller genes serve to orchestrate expression of the genome during embryo development. We use up-date knowledge about structure, function and evolution of real gene networks for the purposes of computer simulation of the networks self-organization in evolution. Our computer simulations of evolution of gene networks governing the embryo morphogenesis show possibility for self-organization or self-assemblage (or "outgrowth") of the networks. This self-assemblage proceeds by means of recruiting of new genes via closing up of new functional circuits between new and old members of the network. KEYWORDS: self-organisation, evolution, genetic algorithms, genotype-phenotype presentation, gene networks, artificial life, evolutionary biology. (13 pages, 13 color illus.) PS: The PS-file was generated by WinWord 7 and tested by GhostScript viewer for Windows. Alexander V.Spirov (PhD) I.M.Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology & Biochemistry, S.-Petersburg, Russia phone/fax +7 (812)552 3219; fax + 7 (812)552-3012 WWW http://avs.iephb.ru Spirov@iephb.ru From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Wed Apr 17 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!bcm.tmc.edu!news.msfc.nasa.gov!newsfeed.internetmci.com!howland.reston.ans.net!Germany.EU.net!zib-berlin.de!zrz.TU-Berlin.DE!w250zrz.zrz.TU-Berlin.DE!gertefcf From: gertefcf@w250zrz.zrz.TU-Berlin.DE (Gert Christen) Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: pKa-shift caused by charged protein environment? Date: 18 Apr 1996 10:33:01 GMT Organization: /usr/news/lib/organisation Lines: 15 Message-ID: <4l55ot$369@brachio.zrz.TU-Berlin.DE> NNTP-Posting-Host: w250zrz.zrz.tu-berlin.de hi there, Recently I collected data that suggest an equilibrium between protonated and deprotonated tyrosine residues at neutral pH, the only problem being that the pKa of phenol-like OH-groups is around 10 indicating that this equilibrium should play no role at let's say pH 7. Is it reasonable to assume that static charges in the tyrosine environment can induce this big pKa shift? Any suggestions are welcome. bye Gert -- Gert Christen TU-Berlin Max-Volmer-Institut fuer Biophysikalische und Physikalische Chemie Tel.: 314-22713 From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Wed Apr 17 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!agate!cgl!itssrv1.ucsf.edu!dek From: dek@lc2.ucsf.edu (David Konerding) Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Re: Re: Maximum acceleration for humans? Date: 18 Apr 1996 04:18:51 GMT Organization: UCSF Lines: 23 Message-ID: References: Reply-To: dek@cgl.ucsf.edu NNTP-Posting-Host: lc2.ucsf.edu X-Newsreader: slrn (0.8.3) In article , Jack Owicki wrote: > >I agree that the eyes aren't on significantly different radii for >centrifugal-force issues. Instead, I had in mind the pooling of blood >toward the outside half of the body (distribution of an incompressible >fluid inside an accelerated partially filled semi-rigid container). When >the acceleration is anterior-posterior, I seem to remember that you can get >a blackout or a redout, depending on whether you're accelerating toward or >away from your head. > > I think the safest bet would be to look up what the US Air Force and US Government published from 1950-on, basically from the beginning of the jet era, recording the experiences of multi-G on pilots. However, this thread makes me think of the Toshiba(?) 4X CDROM advert, where you see the person's face at every increasing G's, turned into a crazy face at 4X? -Dave dek@cgl.ucsf.edu From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Wed Apr 17 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!bcm.tmc.edu!pendragon!news.msfc.nasa.gov!newsfeed.internetmci.com!in2.uu.net!news.emi.com!pauling.wadsworth.org!tivol From: tivol@news.wadsworth.org (William Tivol) Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Re: Isomerization upon irradiation Date: 18 Apr 1996 18:27:07 GMT Organization: Wadsworth Center, NY Health Dept. Lines: 26 Message-ID: <4l61hr$2m8@pauling.wadsworth.org> References: NNTP-Posting-Host: alcor.wadsworth.org X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2] Sidney B. Cambridge (sc6c+@andrew.cmu.edu) wrote: : As far as my limited understanding of biophysics goes, there seem to be : certain molecules that undergo structural changes upon irradiation with : light in the UV/ visible region (such as the retinal of rhodopsin). : Recently I wondered if there are other molecules that isomerize at : wavelenghts much lower or higher than 200nm-700nm ? How about X-Rays or : radiowaves ? I guess at higher wavelenghts, there's not enough energy : being absorbed to cause structural changes, but then again there could : be a phenomenon similar to the two photon excitation. : I don't know if my question makes sense at all and I probably have the : terminology wrong, too... : Just being a curious developmental biologist. Dear Sidney, Shorter wavelengths cause a number of molecular changes from bond scission through free-radical formation to ionization (increasing energy requirements). Most of the high-energy processes cause many intermolecu- lar reactions, so intramolecular structural rearrangements are usually overshadowed. However, amino acid racemization by cosmic rays has been seen. These are charged particles, not photons, but the same process should occur with x-rays. Yours, Bill Tivol From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Wed Apr 17 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!bcm.tmc.edu!news.msfc.nasa.gov!newsfeed.internetmci.com!uwm.edu!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!newsfeed.ksu.ksu.edu!news.physics.uiowa.edu!newsrelay.iastate.edu!news.iastate.edu!baker From: baker@iastate.edu (Wayne R. Baker) Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Re: pKa-shift caused by charged protein environment? Date: 18 Apr 1996 20:29:50 GMT Organization: Biochemistry & Biophysics, Iowa State University Lines: 27 Message-ID: <4l68nu$77r@news.iastate.edu> References: <4l55ot$369@brachio.zrz.TU-Berlin.DE> NNTP-Posting-Host: pv0a0b.vincent.iastate.edu In bionet.biophysics, Gert Christen wrote : :Recently I collected data that suggest an equilibrium between :protonated and deprotonated tyrosine residues at neutral pH, the only :problem being that the pKa of phenol-like OH-groups is around 10 :indicating that this equilibrium should play no role at let's say pH 7. I may be misunderstanding what you are saying, but there will *always* be an equilibrium at all pH values. If you mean to say that the protonated form of Tyr will not be the predominant species at pH 7 (assuming a pKa of 10), then that is correct. :Is it reasonable to assume that static charges in the tyrosine :environment can induce this big pKa shift? If you are talking about a Tyr residue in a protein, then the local environment can perturb the pKa value significantly. I can't provide you with any refs for Tyr pKa values, but for the carboxylates and histidine residues in RNase A, take a look at Arch. Biochem Biophys vol 237 p189 (1996). This might give you an idea of how widely the pKa values can differ from model compounds. -- Wayne Baker (baker@iastate.edu) Maybe a great magnet pulls Biochemistry & Biophysics All souls towards truth Iowa State University -- k. d. lang, "Constant Craving" From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Thu Apr 18 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!bcm.tmc.edu!pendragon!news.msfc.nasa.gov!newsfeed.internetmci.com!howland.reston.ans.net!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!newsfeed.ksu.ksu.edu!news.physics.uiowa.edu!newsrelay.iastate.edu!news.iastate.edu!baker From: baker@iastate.edu (Wayne R. Baker) Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Re: pKa-shift caused by charged protein environment? Date: 19 Apr 1996 01:18:27 GMT Organization: Biochemistry & Biophysics, Iowa State University Lines: 18 Message-ID: <4l6pl3$c3t@news.iastate.edu> References: <4l55ot$369@brachio.zrz.TU-Berlin.DE> <4l68nu$77r@news.iastate.edu> NNTP-Posting-Host: pv0a0b.vincent.iastate.edu In bionet.biophysics, Wayne R. Baker wrote :In bionet.biophysics, Gert Christen wrote :: ::Recently I collected data that suggest an equilibrium between ::protonated and deprotonated tyrosine residues at neutral pH, the only ::problem being that the pKa of phenol-like OH-groups is around 10 ::indicating that this equilibrium should play no role at let's say pH 7. : : I may be misunderstanding what you are saying, but there will *always* :be an equilibrium at all pH values. If you mean to say that the :protonated form of Tyr will not be the predominant species at pH 7 ^^^^^^^^^^ Make that 'deprotonated.' Duh. :-) -- Wayne Baker (baker@iastate.edu) He who has a why to live for 4288 Molecular Biology Building can bear almost any how. Iowa State University --Nietzsche From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Thu Apr 18 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!rutgers!uwm.edu!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!newsfeed.internetmci.com!tank.news.pipex.net!pipex!news.sprintlink.net!moonbeam.aecom.yu.edu!usenet From: gottfrie@alsys1.aecom.yu.edu (David S. Gottfried) Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Re: pKa-shift caused by charged protein environment? Date: 19 Apr 1996 13:18:18 GMT Organization: Albert Einstein College of Medicine - Biophysics Lines: 16 Message-ID: <4l83qq$3b@moonbeam.aecom.yu.edu> References: <4l55ot$369@brachio.zrz.TU-Berlin.DE> NNTP-Posting-Host: marcus.aecom.yu.edu X-Posted-From: InterNews 1.1@marcus.aecom.yu.edu X-Authenticated: gottfrie on POP host alsys1.aecom.yu.edu In article <4l55ot$369@brachio.zrz.TU-Berlin.DE> gertefcf@w250zrz.zrz.TU-Berlin.DE (Gert Christen) writes: > Recently I collected data that suggest an equilibrium between protonated and > deprotonated tyrosine residues at neutral pH, the only problem being that the > pKa of phenol-like OH-groups is around 10 indicating that this equilibrium > should play no role at let's say pH 7. Is it reasonable to assume that static > charges in the tyrosine environment can induce this big pKa shift? > Any suggestions are welcome. There was a recent poster at the Biophysical Society meeting in Baltimore by Ishita Mukerji (Wesleyan Univ.) that suggested the presence of neutral pH tyrosinate in a particular protein that interacts with DNA. I am not sure if this has been published yet. David Gottfried From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Fri Apr 19 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!bcm.tmc.edu!pendragon!news.msfc.nasa.gov!elroy.jpl.nasa.gov!swrinde!howland.reston.ans.net!usc!newshub.csu.net!csulb.edu!drivel.ics.uci.edu!news.service.uci.edu!taurus.oac.uci.edu!eamg061 From: Neal Prakash Newsgroups: bionet.neuroscience,bionet.biophysics Subject: Help: Soret and hemoglobin absorption. Date: Fri, 19 Apr 1996 21:23:14 -0700 Organization: University of California, Irvine Lines: 17 Message-ID: NNTP-Posting-Host: taurus.oac.uci.edu Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Xref: biosci bionet.neuroscience:13749 bionet.biophysics:1892 Hello, I am writing a historical review on intrinsic signal optical imaging and am having great difficulty finding any information about Soret. All I know is that he was the first to examine the absorption spectrum of hemoglobin. I need dates and references for his work. I think he lived from roughly 1750-1850. Any info is appreciated! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- -Neal Prakash Department of Psychobiology, College of Medicine http://meded.med.uci.edu:80/~nprakash/neal.html From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Sat Apr 20 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!ihnp4.ucsd.edu!agate!usenet.ins.cwru.edu!slider.bme.ri.ccf.org!kira.cc.uakron.edu!neoucom.edu!news.ysu.edu!news.ecn.uoknor.edu!paladin.american.edu!gatech!newsfeed.internetmci.com!in1.uu.net!news.ultranet.com!kt1x.ultranet.com!dhcroll From: dhcroll@kt1x.ultranet.com (David Croll) Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: pK shifted Date: Sat, 20 Apr 1996 18:16:55 GMT Organization: UltraNet Communications, Inc. Lines: 6 Message-ID: NNTP-Posting-Host: kt1x.ultranet.com X-Newsreader: Trumpet for Windows [Version 1.0 Rev B final beta #4] Yes, protein environmenal effects could shift the pK of a Tyr phenolic side chain. Electrostatics or hydrogen bonding could be responsible. In the 1950s, M. Laskowski and H. Scheraga publish a thermodynamic analysis of the latter effect. David H. Croll From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Sat Apr 20 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!ihnp4.ucsd.edu!news1.ucsd.edu!ehom.extern.ucsd.edu!user From: ehom@ucsd.edu (Erik Forbes Y. Hom) Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Re: Where can I get DelPhi? Date: Sat, 20 Apr 1996 23:19:01 +0000 Organization: Dept. Chem/Biochem & Dept. Pharm., UCSD Lines: 35 Message-ID: References: <4f37r6$51n@newsstand.cit.cornell.edu> NNTP-Posting-Host: ehom.extern.ucsd.edu Hi Tom, if you're interested in "UHBD" which is from our group, you can contact Dr. Jim Briggs of our group at jmbriggs@ucsd.edu. Naturally, we have a preference in using UHBD over Delphi. UHBD has a whole host of modules not limited to electrostatics.... erik In article <4f37r6$51n@newsstand.cit.cornell.edu>, Tom Chou wrote: > Hi all, > > I'm wondering what codes exist for numerical solution > to nonlinear poisson boltzmann-type electrostatic problems > for macromolecules/organelles/other biological structures. > > I heard of one called DelPhi. Does anyone know where I can get > this? Are there other related shareware codes out there? > > Thanks, > > Tom -- Erik Forbes Y. Hom McCammon Research Group Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Department of Pharmacology University of California at San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, Dept. 0365 La Jolla, CA 92093-0365, USA Lab: 619-822-0168 Fax: 619-534-7024 URL: http://chemcca10.ucsd.edu E-mail: ehom@ucsd.edu From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Sun Apr 21 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!bcm.tmc.edu!pendragon!news.msfc.nasa.gov!newsfeed.internetmci.com!howland.reston.ans.net!torn!newshost.uwo.ca!gateway!mail From: Conan McIntyre Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Re: Maximum acceleration... Date: 22 Apr 1996 22:33:15 GMT Organization: The University of Western Ontario, London, Ont. Canada Lines: 17 Message-ID: <4lh1fb$b05@falcon.ccs.uwo.ca> NNTP-Posting-Host: julian.uwo.ca X-Date: Mon, 22 Apr 1996 18:33:10 -0400 (EDT) X-Message-Id: <199604222233.SAA11575@mustang.uwo.ca> Originator: daemon@julian.uwo.ca The original post made references to "red-out" and "black out". These may be important factors in footward or headward accelaration but not in transverse acceleration since it has a relatively small effect on blood pooling. What about the vestibular apparatus? CONTROL of the car is key, and the inner ear plays a vital role in this. Oculogravic and oculogyral illusions from mixed messages may result in a loss of control before the eyes give out. For example, consider the coriolis phenomenon which occurs, with vertigo, when pilots move their heads out of the *plane* of rotation. But hey, thats still not THE ANSWER is it?!? For more info you should check out: McCally, M. (1968) "Hypodynamics and hypogravics." From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Sun Apr 21 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!bcm.tmc.edu!pendragon!news.msfc.nasa.gov!newsfeed.internetmci.com!in1.uu.net!nectec!news.mahidol.ac.th!saturn!g3421101 From: g3421101@saturn.mahidol.ac.th (Enrique Jose Labadan Frio - SCBC - 3421101) Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: buffer pH and temperature Date: 20 Apr 1996 21:37:47 GMT Organization: Mahidol University, Thailand Lines: 22 Message-ID: <4lblfb$g0o@mars.mahidol.ac.th> NNTP-Posting-Host: 202.14.162.14 X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2] Dear sirs, Is there a generic equation for the change in buffering capacity/ solution pH as a function of temperature? I'm looking to explain quanti- tatively the pH changes in PCR as a function of temperature change, and also other factors like ionic strength, buffer type and concentration, etc. Please reply by e-mail since our newsfeeds are weeks late (I will post a summary if enough responses are received). Thank you very much. Querix g3421101@mucc.mahidol.ac.th From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Mon Apr 22 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!INTREPID.CHM.JHU.EDU!rlk From: rlk@INTREPID.CHM.JHU.EDU (rlk) Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Re: buffer pH and temperature Date: 22 Apr 1996 19:46:20 -0700 Organization: BIOSCI International Newsgroups for Molecular Biology Lines: 29 Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: world Message-ID: <9604230231.AA16065@intrepid.chm.jhu.edu> NNTP-Posting-Host: net.bio.net Querix queries: >Is there a generic equation for the change in >buffering capacity/ solution pH as a function >of temperature? It depends on the charge type: For systems of the type B/BH+ the effect of temperature on pKa is: -d(pKa)/dT = (pKa-0.9)/T For dications, the eqn is: -d(pKa)/dT = pKa/T A great reference for the rest of your questions regarding buffer type, ionic strength effects, etc is Buffers for pH and Metal Ion Control, by DD Perrin and Boyd Dempsey (Science Paperbacks, 1974) You used to be able to get it from research organics for free, but they don't even sell it now. Hope you can find it. -ron From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Mon Apr 22 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!daresbury!bioftp.unibas.ch!infobiogen.fr!jussieu.fr!oleane!rail.news.pipex.net!pipex!tube.news.pipex.net!pipex!plug.news.pipex.net!pipex!tank.news.pipex.net!pipex!newsfeed.internetmci.com!swrinde!news.uh.edu!news.uth.tmc.edu!bmb155.med.uth.tmc.edu!user From: tliang@utmmg.med.uth.tmc.edu (T. Chyau Liang) Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Re: pKa-shift caused by charged protein environment? Date: Tue, 23 Apr 1996 13:24:13 +0100 Organization: U. Texas-Houston Lines: 32 Message-ID: References: <4l55ot$369@brachio.zrz.TU-Berlin.DE> <4l68nu$77r@news.iastate.edu> NNTP-Posting-Host: bmb155.med.uth.tmc.edu Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain;charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit [snip] > I may be misunderstanding what you are saying, but there will *always* > be an equilibrium at all pH values. If you mean to say that the > protonated form of Tyr will not be the predominant species at pH 7 ^^^^^^^^^^ > (assuming a pKa of 10), then that is correct. > I think you mean deprotonated. ^^^^^^^^^^^^ > :Is it reasonable to assume that static charges in the tyrosine > :environment can induce this big pKa shift? > > If you are talking about a Tyr residue in a protein, then the local > environment can perturb the pKa value significantly. I can't provide you > with any refs for Tyr pKa values, but for the carboxylates and histidine > residues in RNase A, take a look at Arch. Biochem Biophys vol 237 p189 > (1996). This might give you an idea of how widely the pKa values can > differ from model compounds. > > -- Charge in the local environment is the major factor, see Kirkwood and Westheimer (1938) J. Chem. Phys. 6, 506. Unique hydrogen bond interactions can also contribute to altered pKa, e.g., the oxyanion binding site in serine proteases. T. chyau Liang U Texas-Houston From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Tue Apr 23 23:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!daresbury!nntp-trd.UNINETT.no!nntp.uio.no!news.cais.net!newsfeed.internetmci.com!news.sprintlink.net!news.itsnet.com!krusty.itsnet.com!ajackson From: Alan Jackson Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: MAGNETIC HEALTH EFFECTS (not smoking) Date: Tue, 23 Apr 1996 19:24:15 -0600 Organization: Internet Technology Systems, Provo UT USA Lines: 1032 Message-ID: NNTP-Posting-Host: krusty.itsnet.com Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII "WORM SIGN" (Book worm that is.) You may have seen reports concerning research relating to magnetic fields. And noticed that the reason they have been described as "controversial",