From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Mon Nov  1 16:15:19 1999
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From: vinchen.bbs@bbs.life.nthu.edu.tw (vinky)
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Subject: Re: radiation and gycerol stock
Date: 01 Nov 1999 02:08:04 GMT
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¡° ¤Þ­z¡mvinchen (vinky)¡n¤§»Ê¨¥¡G
> ¡° ¤Þ­z¡mWolf@your.mom.com (Wolf)¡n¤§»Ê¨¥¡G
> > Hello People...
> > I just find out that my E.Coli and yeast glycerol stocks in -80
> > freezer have been exposed to high radiation by 59Fe for more than  2
> > months.  The radioactivity is still very very high.
> > Is it possible to have any effects on my glycerol stock from radiation
> > such as mutation or whatever possible damage?
> > Thank you very much for any comments.
>   would you please tell me why the high radiation exposed in the freezer??

  That must be some influence to the stock!!


From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Mon Nov  1 16:15:24 1999
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From: vinchen.bbs@bbs.life.nthu.edu.tw (vinky)
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Subject: Re: radiation and gycerol stock
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¡° ¤Þ­z¡mWolf@your.mom.com (Wolf)¡n¤§»Ê¨¥¡G
> Hello People...
> I just find out that my E.Coli and yeast glycerol stocks in -80
> freezer have been exposed to high radiation by 59Fe for more than  2
> months.  The radioactivity is still very very high.
> Is it possible to have any effects on my glycerol stock from radiation
> such as mutation or whatever possible damage?
> Thank you very much for any comments.



  would you please tell me why the high radiation exposed in the freezer??


From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Wed Nov  3 18:45:32 1999
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From: BooRadley <wheresjimNOwhSPAM@hotmail.com.invalid>
Subject: Radio waves amplified through human tissue?
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I participate in another discussion group, and there recently was a
post that claimed that if you took your keyless entry remote to your
car and held it under your head against the bottom of your chin, the
range would be increased.  Now I am typically a skeptic, so at first I
figured the poster was joking, but several posts later from some
credible sources corroborate this.  Anybody care to explain why this is
or isn't true?


* Sent from RemarQ http://www.remarq.com The Internet's Discussion Network *
The fastest and easiest way to search and participate in Usenet - Free!



From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Thu Nov  4 05:45:34 1999
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From: say37@AL.EI.TUAT.AC.JP (Photo Transfer Specialties)
X-Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics
Subject: Photo MousePads .....Great Christmas Gift!
Date: 3 Nov 1999 21:32:25 -0800
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From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Fri Nov  5 05:39:13 1999
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From: "Marcel Dinger" <marcel@ihug.co.nz>
X-Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics
Subject: Genamics SoftwareSeek
Date: Fri, 5 Nov 1999 18:34:19 +1300
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GENAMICS SOFTWARESEEK
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From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Fri Nov  5 12:25:34 1999
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From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Fri Nov  5 12:25:35 1999
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From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Sat Nov  6 06:55:15 1999
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From: The_Son_of_Man@webtv.net
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Subject: Einstein said he never saw a personal God
Date: Fri, 5 Nov 1999 21:56:41 -0800 (PST)
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I have a BS in Physics, but I see a personl God in my right hand! See
for yourself, brother Thomases...
GOTO:
http://members.xoom.com/degbyah

The Son of Man



From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Sat Nov  6 18:55:17 1999
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From: "Clive Delmonte" <clivedelmonte@c-i-delmonte.freeserve.co.uk>
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Subject: DNA Structure Puzzle #6 - X-Ray Diffraction from True Crystals of Oligonucleotides
Date: Sat, 6 Nov 1999 17:51:46 -0000
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Puzzle # 6    X-Ray Diffraction from True Crystals of Oligonucleotides


In Puzzles 3, 4 & 5 are listed patterns of systematic absence reported in
some hexagonal and orthorhombic lattices in nucleic acid fibres which invite
us, at the very least, and perhaps even require us (Puzzle 4), to explore
the implications of choosing the smaller unit cell which the systematic
absences allow. An extensive analysis of some 20 papers on x-ray diffraction
from nucleic acid fibres which all show these patterns of systematic absence
has been set out (Puzzle #1, Ref. 2, Chapter 7).

Exactly the same patterns of systematic absence, sometimes to be taken with
systematically weak presences, have been reported in many studies of x-ray
diffraction from true crystals of oligonucleotides.

For example, the fragment d(CCGGCGCCGG) has been reported to crystallise in
the rhombohedral space group R3 (Ref 14, Brookhaven file 1CGC). Inspection
of the structure factor file shows that systematic absences follow the
pattern (-h+k)=/=3n for l=3n, and (-h+k)=3n when l=/=3n. This pattern allows
the selection of a unit cell whose side has been reduced from 5.407 nm,
originally selected, to 5.407 nm / root 3.

Exactly the same patterns of systematic absence arise from diffraction from
crystals of d(ACCGGCGCCACA) (Ref 15) also found in space group R3.

The fragment d(CGCG) crystallises in space group P6(1)22 and was assigned
a=b=3.08 nm (Ref 16). However, the pattern of systematic absences plus
systematically weak presences shows a reduced value of a=b=1.78 nm to
conform with the structure factor file (Ref 16, page 538).

Reduced unit cells can be chosen from other space groups. For example, in a
study of GpC crystals in space group P2(1), with a=2.1224 nm and b=3.4207
nm, the pattern of systematic absences plus systematically weak presences
allows the halving of side b (Ref 17).

Of course there are studies of diffraction from nucleic acid fibres and
oligonucleotide crystals where these patterns of systematic absence and
systematically weak presences are not very evident. However, this can be
explained by the growing complexity of the fragments inducing bends in the
sequence, by greater departures from symmetry, or perhaps by more powerful
x-ray sources generating many more reflections which may obscure the
patterns, etc.

Complexity in the Sciences is usually developed from earlier, simpler models
and studies, and this is true also in oligonucleotide crystallography. This
should have been pursued using the smallest unit cells consonant with the
observed patterns within the structure factors, and not by having to fit a
pre-conceived model (the double helix) into the unit cell irrespective of
the alternatives which the actual experimental structure factors indicated.

At present, oligonucleotide crystallographers adopt very widely a range of
practices which can compromise the outcomes of their work. For example,
research groups variously over time have adopted starting coordinates for
their structures which are explicitly taken from earlier studies, themselves
derived from fibre studies which are under scrutiny in these Puzzles. Or
they adopt unit cell dimensions consistent with previous work which also
lead back to fibre studies under scrutiny in these Puzzles. Or they adopt
structure refinement algorithms (Ref 18) which, taken with their choice of
(large) unit cell dimensions, are programmed in such a way that they are
guaranteed to lead to double helical outcomes.

The choice of unit cell dimensions determines the scales on the axes of the
resulting Pattersons, Patterson difference maps, Harker sections and
electron density maps. It will not matter whether heavy atoms, MAD,
synchrotron sources, or whatever, were used in later work if the choice of
unit cell dimensions, derived from earlier studies where alternative
possibilities had been overlooked, had thereby been rendered insecure in
later studies.

This is how the entire Brookhaven nucleic acid data base has become
compromised.

We should perhaps remind ourselves that we are unable to look to NMR for
support for the double helical structure of duplex DNA because the NMR
calibrations upon which distance measurements are based assume that the
double helix is the struicture of duplex DNA. This is why "spin diffusion"
is invoked so often in NMR work on oligonucleotides in order to explain
unexpectedly high signals. The structure recorded by Lee et al. (Puzzle 1)
is more compact than the double helix and certain protons really are much
closer together than the double helical model for duplex DNA predicts.

In summary, Puzzle #6 is this: If structure factor files are deconvoluted
with an unbiassed program such as SHELX using the smallest unit cells
consistent with the reported patterns of systematic absence and
systematically weak presences, will valid, alternative duplex DNA structures
consonant with the reduced cross-section of the diagram in Puzzle 1 then be
found ?

-----------------------------------------------------

14 Double helix conformation, groove dimensions and ligand binding potential
of a G/C stretch in B-DNA; Udo Heinemann et al.; The EMBO J., Vol 11 (1992)
1931 - 1939

15 Unusual helical packing in crystals of DNA bearing a mutation hot spot;
Y. Timsit et al.; NATURE Vol 341 (1989) 459 - 462

16 A Salt-induced Conformational Change in Crystals of the Synthetic
Tetramer d(CGCG); H. R. Drew et al.; J Mol Biol Vol 125 (1978) 535 - 543

17 The Crystal and Molecular Structure of a Calcium Salt of
Guanyl-3,5-Cytidine (GpC); B.Hingerty et al.; Acta Cryst Vol B32 (1976) 2998

18 Definitions and Nomenclature of Nucleic Acid Structure Parameters; R.
Dickerson; J Mol Biol Vol 205 (1989) 787 - 791


Clive Delmonte

The Puzzles may be viewed at www.c-i-delmonte.freeserve.co.uk






From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Sun Nov  7 23:55:26 1999
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From: raven1@NAS.NET
X-Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics
Subject: $300 US reward for 1970s bioscience documentation
Date: 7 Nov 1999 15:20:56 -0800
Organization: BIOSCI International Newsgroups for Molecular Biology
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$300 (US) REWARD FOR VERIFIABLE HARD COPY DOCUMENTATION OF
DR. JOSEPH P. SHARP'S VERBAL PULSED MICROWAVE
VOICE TO SKULL SUCCESS IN THE EARLY 1970'S AT WRAIR
OR OTHER VERIFIABLE SUCCESSES

November 7, 1999

UPDATES:

None as of November  7, 1999.

Researcher Margo adds $100 to the reward pot!!

CONDITIONS:

This offer is for the FIRST VERIFIABLE hard copy of this SUCCESSFUL
demonstration of Frey-type voice to skull technology.  In summary,
this is for COURTROOM QUALITY documentation. Here are the conditions:

1.  The documentation must contain at least one sentence that
    says Dr. Joseph C. Sharp, or any other credible experimenter,
    HEARD AND UNDERSTOOD WORDS transmitted via pulse modulated
    microwave.   "Buzzes, clicks, hums" or any audio effects
    other than words DO NOT QUALIFY.  The Joseph C. Sharp success
    took place while working for Walter Reed Army Institute of
    Research.  Health Dept. project FD00650, early 70s.

    This success was announced at an August 21, 1974 seminar
    to the combined engineering and psychology faculties at
    the University of Utah, Salt Lake City.

2.  The documentation must contain official university or government
    agency or laboratory identfication, including date.  It is OK
    if this documentation "cannot be found" after submission,
    *PROVIDED* alternate verification of the prior existence of the
    documentation submitted is SUCCESSFUL.

3.  If the document is too bulky to qualify as letter mail, MAKE
    CLEAR, PHOTOCOPIABLE/SCANNABLE photocopies with good contrast
    and good alignment of BOTH the page(s) which describe the
    experimental success, and the COVER(S) which serve to identify
    the document.  Please be careful to NOT cut off page numbers
    and other bibliographic information.

    A trailing list of REFERENCES should also be included.

    Please cap the number of copied pages at 25.

4.  WATCH THIS PAGE, above, in the space marked "UPDATES" to see if
    anyone has already succeeded.   This page is posted on two mirrored
    web sites:

    http://home.nas.net/~raven1/reward.htm    (NO www)
    ..or
    http://www.bestnet.org/~raven1/reward.htm

5.  The $200 US will be paid to a designated mailing address suitable
    for REGISTERED mail, or to a bank account with electronic funds
    transfer information provided.  Margo's $100 pledge will be mailed
    separately, by her, from her Oklahoma address.

6.  I will attempt to verify based on the order of submissions, but
    the first VERIFICATION, not initial submission, will be the
    deciding factor in who gets the reward.

7.  I will also pay, with RECEIPTS, reasonable expenses (EXCLUDING
    travel) required to obtain the document.  Such expenses
    include but are not limited to document purchase, registered
    mailing (not courier - too expensive), the one phone call (if any)
    which produced the success.  The cap on these receipted expenses
    is $150 US.

8.  Submissions are to be REGISTERED MAILED, WITH RETURN RECEIPT CARD,
    to my home address at:

    Eleanor White
    430 Cumberland Ave. #312
    Hamilton,   Ontario
    CANADA      L8M 3M9

    MAKE SURE THE FULL ADDRESS IS CAREFULLY PRINTED IN BOLD,
    UPPER CASE LETTERS.   Be especially careful in writing the
    apartment number.  Place the address on BOTH SIDES of the
    mailing envelope.

    Please mark on both sides of the envelope:

    "Photocopies - no commercial value" ...to avoid customs
    holdups.

    Please email me if you have further questions.

    raven1@bestnet.org

BACKGROUND:

The closest we have come at date of writing to find documentation of
Joseph C. Sharp's success is at the bottom of an article sent to me
by Judy Wall, Editor, RESONANCE, the newsletter of the MENSA Bio-
electromagnetic special interest group.  The article itself is titled:

MICROWAVES AND BEHAVIOR
[Dr.] Don R. Justesen
Laboratories of Experimental
Neuropsychology, Veterans
Administration Hospital,
Kansas City, Missouri
American Psychologist,
March 1975, pg 391-401

"This article is based on materials presented in a seminar to the
faculties of Psychology and Engineering at the University of Utah
(Salt Lake City, Utah) on Augst 21, 1974.  The author's research
program is supported by the Veterans Administration and by U.S.
Public Health Service Grant FD00650.

"Acknowledged in the preparation of the manuscript are E. L. Wilke
and C. L. Sheridan, for a critical reading; KAy Wahl for artwork;
and Lynn Bruetsch and Virginia Florez for typing.  I also thank
John Osepchuk of the Raytheon Corporation for his searching criticism
of the manuscript; our opinions differ, his advice is appreciated.

"Requests for reprints should be sent to Don. R. Justesen,
Laboratories of Experimental Neuropsychology, Veterans Administration
Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri 64128.

"The author is also at the Department of Psychiatry, Kansas University
Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66103."

**Dr. Joseph C. Sharp at the time of this success was working for
Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, geographic location unknown.

**Here is the brief reference to voice to skull in this article
itself:

"Sharp and Grove (Note 2) found that appropriate modulation of
microwave energy can result in direct "wireless" and "receiverless"
communication of SPEECH." [Emphasis mine]

**Here is "Note 2":

"Sharp, J. C., & Grove, M.  Personal communication, Sept. 28, 1973"

[By "personal communication", both Judy Wall and I interpret that
to mean "conversation", i.e. nothing in writing]

**Here is one sentence from the NASA statement of voice to skull
success, posted at:

http://home.nas.net/~raven1/v2s-nasa.htm

"...by proper choice of pulse characteristics, INTELLIGIBLE SPEECH
MAY BE CREATED"

** Here are two sentences from two abstracts describing an "SBIR"
(small business research project) awarded to Brian Kohn at Science
and Engineering Associates, which has more than one branch:

http://home.nas.net/~raven1/v2s-kohn.htm

"The feasibility of the concept HAS BEEN ESTABLISHED..."

"The study found that voice communications, via the
microwave auditory effect, ARE HIGHLY FEASIBLE."

So what we need folks, is irrefutable documentation of the
Joseph Sharp success, AND/OR, the background of the SBIR
projects awarded to Science and Engineering Associates,
PROVIDED THE SEA DOCUMENTATION PROVES IRREFUTABLY THAT
MICROWAVE TRANSMISSION OF WORDS IS AN ACCOMPLISHED FACT.

For details of the SEA SBIR projects, please see the link
above.

Eleanor White, P.Eng., Technical Advisor
Citizens Against Human Rights Abuse
U.S. site:    http://www.calweb.com/~welsh


From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Mon Nov  8 13:39:38 1999
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From: "NDRI/HBDI" <hbdi@idt.net>
X-Newsgroups: alt.bio.technology,alt.bio.technology.misc,bionet,bionet.biology,bionet.biophysics,bionet.cellbiol
Subject: Autopsy, Surgical Discard and Transplantation Tissues for Now Available for Research
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See www.ndri.com for access to human tissues and organs for medical
researchers

See www.hbdi.org for information about family collections containing DNA and
immortalized cells - over 600 families - for medical and genetic researchers


NDRI and HBDI are non-profit organizations aiding medical research and the
search for disease genes.









From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Tue Nov  9 00:53:14 1999
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From: "Marpal Work" <marpalwork@tin.it>
X-Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics
Subject: GET PAY MANY MONEY TO SURFING - DOLLAR'S -! READ !
Date: Sun, 7 Nov 1999 14:18:47 +0100
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GET PAY MANY MONEY TO SURFING - DOLLAR'S -! READ !

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From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Wed Nov 10 03:40:52 1999
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From: carpediem@MAILMAN.ZZN.COM
X-Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics
Subject: Lose 2-14 Inches in ONE Hour! Guaranteed!
Date: 9 Nov 1999 19:38:23 -0800
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From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Wed Nov 10 15:38:52 1999
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From: "Victor P.Ostanin" <vpo20@cam.ac.uk>
X-Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics
Subject: Re: Radio waves amplified through human tissue?
Date: Wed, 10 Nov 1999 15:38:16 -0000
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Dear Mr.Radley
Obviously body is a conducting substance
and acts as a reflector and /or resonator causing an interference of
originally radiated waves and reflected
from our body. The size of body is comparable to wavelength so it can be
eventually  resonating a little.
As a result an angle distribution of radiated power get distorted. In some
directions intensity
can be eventually enhansed increasing the range of control.
The other angular directions will receive power smaller then original.
Of course total power of emited radiowaves getting smaller because of
additional losses in the body.
The metallic sheet or metallised Mailar will demonstrate much more profound
effects.
Victor P.Ostanin
BooRadley <wheresjimNOwhSPAM@hotmail.com.invalid> wrote in message
news:01906254.6fac6e5f@usw-ex0101-002.remarq.com...
> I participate in another discussion group, and there recently was a
> post that claimed that if you took your keyless entry remote to your
> car and held it under your head against the bottom of your chin, the
> range would be increased.  Now I am typically a skeptic, so at first I
> figured the poster was joking, but several posts later from some
> credible sources corroborate this.  Anybody care to explain why this is
> or isn't true?
>
>
> * Sent from RemarQ http://www.remarq.com The Internet's Discussion Network
*
> The fastest and easiest way to search and participate in Usenet - Free!
>




From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Thu Nov 11 16:45:16 1999
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From: A.van.Ooyen@nih.knaw.nl (Arjen van Ooyen)
X-Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics
Subject: Models of Axon Guidance and Bundling
Date: 11 Nov 1999 08:40:38 -0800
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New Paper:

Models of Axon Guidance and Bundling During Development

H. G. E. Hentschel & A. van Ooyen
Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B (1999) 266: 2231-2238.

Request reprint:
A.van.Ooyen@nih.knaw.nl

Or download from
http://www.cns.ed.ac.uk/people/arjen/papers/bundle_abstract.html


ABSTRACT

Diffusible chemoattractants and chemorepellants, together
with contact attraction and repulsion, have been implicated 
in the establishment of connections between neurons and
their targets. Here we study how such diffusible and contact
signals can be involved in the whole sequence of events from 
bundling of axons, guidance of axon bundles towards their
targets, to debundling and the final innervation of individual
targets. By means of computer simulations, we investigate the
strengths and weaknesses of a number of particular mechanisms 
that have been proposed for these processes.


-- 
Arjen van Ooyen, Netherlands Institute for Brain Research,
Meibergdreef 33, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
email: A.van.Ooyen@nih.knaw.nl 
website: http://www.cns.ed.ac.uk/people/arjen.html  
phone: +31.20.5665483  fax: +31.20.6961006


From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Thu Nov 11 17:05:24 1999
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From: howardcurt@hotmail.com
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I found a list of
the 100 Most Important Science Books of the 2nd Millennium
somewhere on the Internet. It is attached below. I thought it
would be interesting for this discussion group
to comment on the list. Some of the books are on biology.

I also cannot find the original URL address; if someone knows
it, please e-mail me.

--Curt
---------------------------------------------------------------
The 100 Most Important Science Books of the 2nd Millennium

1999 CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 80th Edition
(for its extensive summary of physics and chemistry)

1999 The Bible According to Einstein
(for its comprehensive presentation of current scientific knowledge
for the lay person)

1988 A Brief History of Time: From the Big Bang to Black Holes
by Stephen Hawking (for its presentation of cosmology and
astrophysics for the lay person)

1985 QED: The Strange Theory of Light and Matter
by Richard P. Feynman (for the author's contribution
to the quantum theory of electromagnetism)

1982 Subtle is the Lord
by Abraham Pais (as a tribute to Albert Einstein)

1981 The Mismeasure of Man
by Stephen Jay Gould (as a tribute to the author
for presenting paleontology to the lay person)

1978 On Human Nature
by Edward O. Wilson (for its popularization of sociobiology)

1977 The Dragons of Eden: Speculations on the
Evolution of Human Intelligence
by Carl Sagan (for presenting science to the general public)

1968 The Double Helix
by James Dewey Watson (as a tribute to the author
for his contribution to microbiology)

1965 The Feynman Lectures on Physics
(as a tribute to the author and his service as an educator)

1953-1979 The Collected Works
of C.G. Jung (for their contribution to psychology)

1947 One Two Three . . . Infinity: Facts and Speculations of Science
by George Gamow (for its popularization of science)

1939 The Nature of the Chemical Bond
by Linus Carl Pauling (for its contribution to chemistry)

1937 Madame Curie
by Ève Curie (as a tribute to the woman who won the Nobel prize twice)

1937 La physique nouvelle et les quanta (The New Physics and Quanta)
by Louis de Broglie (for its contribution to quantum mechanics)

1937 Genetics and the Origin of Species
by Theodosius Dobzhansky (for its contribution
to genetics and evolution)

1936 The Realm of the Nebulae
by Edwin Powell Hubble (for its contribution to astronomy)

1933 The Expanding Universe
by Sir Arthur Stanley Eddington (for its presentation of
astrophysics to the lay person)

1932-1933 Introduction to Theoretical Physics
by Max Planck (as a tribute to the author
for his contributions to physics)

1932 The Causes of Evolution by
J.B.S. Haldane (for its contribution to genetics and evolution)

1930 The Principles of Quantum Mechanics
by Paul Dirac (for its contribution to quantum mechanics)

1929 The Universe Around Us
by Sir James Jeans (for its popularization of cosmology)

1928 Principien der Quantentheorie (Principles of the Quantum Theory)
by Werner Karl Heisenberg (for its contribution to quantum mechanics)

1927 Abhandlungen zur Wellenmechanik
(Collected Papers on Wave Mechanics)
by Erwin Schrodinger (for their contribution to quantum mechanics)

1922 Theory of Spectra and Atomic Constitution
by Niels Bohr (for its contribution to quantum mechanics)

1922 The Meaning of Relativity
by Albert Einstein (for popularizing relativity)

1915 Die Entstehung der Kontinente und Ozeane
(The Origin of Continents and Oceans) by Alfred Wegener
(for its contribution to geology)

1910 Vorlesungen zur Einführung in die Psychoanalyse
(A General Introduction to Psychoanalysis) by Sigmund Freud
(for its contribution to psychoanalysis)

1904 Radio-activity
by Ernest Rutherford (for its contribution to nuclear physics)

1900 Die Traumdeutung (The Interpretation of Dreams)
by Sigmund Freud (for its contribution to psychoanalysis)

1899 Principles of Mechanics
by Heinrich R. Hertz (for its contribution to mechanics)

1893 Electric Waves
by Heinrich R. Hertz (for its contribution to electromagnetic waves)

1892-1899 Les méthods nouvelle de la méchanique celeste
(New Methods for Celestial Mechanics) by Henri Poincare
(for its contribution to classical mechanics)

1890 The Scientific Papers of James Clerk Maxwell
(for Maxwell's contribution to physics)

1885-1909 Das Antlitz der Erde (The Face of Earth)
by Eduard Suess (for its contribution to geology)

1884-1887 The Scientific Papers of James Prescott Joule
(for Joule's contribution to physics)

1882-1911 Mathematical and Physical Papers
by Baron William Thomson Kelvin (for Kelvin's contribution to physics)

1876-1894 Vorlesungen über mathematische Physik
(Lectures on Mathematical Physics) by Gustav Robert Kirchhoff
(for its contribution to physics)

1873 Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism
by James Clerk Maxwell (for its contribution to electromagnetism)

1871 The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex
by Charles Darwin (for its contribution to the theory of evolution)

1868-1870 The Principles of Chemistry
by Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleyev (for its contribution to chemistry)

1868 Lehrbuch der Botanik (Textbook of Botany)
by Julius von Sachs (for its contribution to botany)

1867 Handbuch der physiologischen optik
(Handbook of Physiological Optics) by Hermann von Helmholtz
(for its contribution to biophysics)

1866 Versuche über Pflanzenhybriden
(Experiments in Plant Hybridization) by Gregor Johann Mendel
(for its contribution to genetics)

1863 Geological Evidence of the Antiquity of Man
by Sir Charles Lyell (for its contribution to evolution)

1863 Evidence as to Man's Place in Nature
by Thomas Henry Huxley (for its contribution to evolution)

1859 On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection
by Charles Darwin (for its contribution to the theory of evolution)

1859 Experimental Researches in Chemistry and Physics
by Michael Faraday (for its contributions to physics and chemistry)

1845-1862 Kosmos (Cosmos)
by Alexander von Humboldt (for its contribution to natural science)

1839-1855 Experimental Researches in Electricity
by Michael Faraday (for Faraday's contributions to electromagnetism)

1839 Mikroskopische untersuchungen über die übereinstimmung in der
struktur und dem wachstume der tiere und pflanzen
(Microscopic Researches into Accordance in the Structure and
 Growth of Animals and Plants) by Theodor Schwann
(for its contribution to biology)

1833-1846 Lectures on Comparative Anatomy and
Physiology of the Vertebrate Animals
by Sir Richard Owen (for its contribution to paleontology)

1830-1833 Principles of Geology
by Sir Charles Lyell (for its contribution to geology)

1824 Réflexions sur la puissance motrice du feu
(Reflections on the Motive Power of Fire)
by Sadi Nicolas Léonard Carnot (for its contribution to thermodynamics)

1822 Recueil d'observations électro-dynamiques
(Memoir on the Mathematical Theory of Electrodynamic Phenomena)
by André Marie Ampère (for its contribution to electromagnetism)

1817 Le Règne animal distribué d'après son organisation
(The Animal Kingdom, Distributed According to Its Organization)
by Georges Cuvier (for its contribution to paleontology)

1815-1822 Histoire naturelle des animaux sans vertèbres
(Natural History of Invertebrate Animals) by
Jean-Baptiste de Monet, Chevalier de Lamarck
(for its contribution to paleontology)

1811 Traité de mécanique (Treatise on Mechanics)
by Siméon Denis Poisson (for its contribution to classical mechanics)

1810 Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae et Insulae Van Diemen
by Robert Brown (contribution to botany)

1809 Philosophie zoologique (Zoological Philosophy)
by Jean-Baptiste de Monet, Chevalier de Lamarck
(for its contribution to paleontology)

1808-1827 A New System of Chemical Philosophy
by John Dalton (for its contributions to chemistry and atomic theory)

1802 Illustrations of the Huttonian Theory of the Earth
by John Playfair (for its clarification of Hutton's work on geology)

1801-1805 Leçons d'anatomie comparée (Lessons on Comparative Anatomy)
by Georges Cuvier (for its contribution to natural history)

1801 Système des animaux sans vertèbres, ou table général des classes
(System of Invertebrate Animals, or General Table of Classes)
by Jean-Baptiste de Monet, Chevalier de Lamarck
(for its contribution to evolution and paleontology)

1799-1825 Traité de mécanique céleste (Celestial Mechanics)
by Marquis Pierre Simon de Laplace
(for its contribution to solar system astronomy)

1795 Theory of the Earth
by James Hutton (for its contribution to geology)

1794-1976 Zoonomia, or the Laws of Organic Life
by Robert Waring Darwin (for its contribution to evolution)

1793 Meteorological Observations and Essays
by John Dalton (for its contribution to physics and chemistry)

1789 Traité élémentaire de chimie (Elementary Treatise on Chemistry)
by Antoine Laurent Lavoisier (for its contribution to chemistry)

1788 Mecanique analytique (Analytical Mechanics)
by Joseph Louis Lagrange (for its contribution to classical mechanics)

1777 Abhandlung von der Luft und dem Feuer
(Chemical Observations and Experiments on Air and Fire)
by Carl Wilhelm Scheele (for its contribution to chemistry)

1774-1786 Experiments and Observations on Different Kinds of Air
by Joseph Priestley (for its contribution to chemistry)

1753 Species Plantarum
by Carolus Linnaeus (for its contribution to taxonomy)

1751 Experiments and Observations on Electricity
by Benjamin Franklin (for its contribution to
the understanding of electricity)

1738 Hydrodynamica (Hydrodynamics)
by Daniel Bernoulli (for its contribution to fluid dynamics)

1736-1737 Mechanica (Mechanics)
by Leonhard Euler (for its contribution to classical mechanics)

1735-1758 Systema Naturae by Carolus Linnaeus
(for its contribution to taxonomy)

1705 A Synopsis of the Astronomy of Comets by Edmond Halley
(for its contribution to the solar system)

1704 Opticks (Optics) by Isaac Newton
(for its contribution to the understanding of light)

1687 Philosohiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica
(Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy)
by Isaac Newton (for its contribution to classical mechanics)

1682 Exercitatio anatomica de motu cordis et sanguinis in animalibus
(On the Movement of the Heart and Blood in Animals)
by William Harvey (for its contribution to biology)

1678-1690 Traité de la Lumière (Treatise on Light)
by Christiaan Huygens (for its contribution to optics)

1673 Horologium Oscillatorium
by Christiaan Huygens (for its contribution to mechanics)

1665 Micrographia
by Robert Hooke (for its contribution to microbiology)

1661 The Sceptical Chymist
by Robert Boyle (for its contribution to chemistry)

1638 Dialogues Concerning Two New Sciences
by Galileo Galilei (for its contributions to physics)

1632 Dialogo sopra i due massimi sistemi del mondo,
tolemaico e copernicano
(Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems, Ptolemaic and
Copernican)
by Galileo Galilei (for popularizing the truths about the solar system)

1620 Novum Organum (also known as Instauratio Magna)
(The New Tool) by Francis Bacon
(for its contribution to the scientific method)

1619 Concerning the Harmonies of the World
by Johannes Kepler (for its contributions to solar system astronomy)

1610 Sidereus Nuncius (The Starry Messenger)
by Galileo Galilei (for its contributions to
the understanding of the solar system)

1609 Astronomia Nova
by Johannes Kepler (for its contributions to solar system astronomy)

1602 Astronomiae Instauratae Progymnasmata
(Exercises Toward a Restored Astronomy)
by Tycho Brahe (for its contributions to astronomy)

1600 De Magnete, Magneticisque Corporibus et de Magno Magnete Tellure
(On the Magnet, Magnetic Bodies, and the Great Magnet of the Earth)
by William Gilbert (for its contribution to magnetism)

1598 Astronomiae instauratae mechanica
by Tycho Brahe (for its contributions to experimental astronomy)

1543 De revolutionibus orbium coelestium libri vi
(Six Books Concerning the Revolutions of the Heavenly Orbs)
by Nicolaus Copernicus
(for its contributions to solar system astronomy)

1543 De humani corporis fabrica libri septem
(also known as Fabrica) (On the Structure of the Human Body)
by Andreas Vesalius (for its contribution to biology)

1482-1519 Notebooks
by Leonardo da Vinci (for their contribution to science)

13th Century De luce
(On light) by Robert Grosseteste
(for its contribution to the understanding of light)

1269 Epistola Petri Peregrini de Maricourt ad Sygerum de Foucaucourt,
militem, de magnete
(Letter on the Magnet of Peter Peregrinus of Maricourt to Sygerus of
Foucaucourt, Soldier)
by Petrus Peregrinus (for its contribution to magnetism)

1268(?) Communia naturalium
(General Principles of Natural Philosophy)
by Roger Bacon (for its contribution to science)




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Before you buy.


From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Thu Nov 11 19:09:36 1999
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FREE internet and small cap stock newsletter!

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From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Sat Nov 13 20:42:14 1999
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From: "Clive Delmonte" <clivedelmonte@c-i-delmonte.freeserve.co.uk>
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Subject: DNA Structure Puzzle #7 - The Unwinding Problem inside Fibres
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This is a multi-part message in MIME format.

------=_NextPart_000_000A_01BF2E0E.18EA6EA0
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	charset="iso-8859-1"
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PUZZLE NUMBER 7   The Unwinding Problem Inside Fibres


Leslie et al. (19) reported that a fibre of poly(dI).poly(dC), in the =
absence of unwinding proteins, which gave sharp X-ray diffraction spots =
shortly after being drawn, was unstable and transformed irreversibly =
after a few days into poly(dC).poly(dI).poly(dC+). This new, =
three-stranded molecule also gave sharp spots in its own X-ray =
diffraction pattern which did not have any of the original spots.

Therefore the conversion was complete. Very similar results had been =
reported for fibres of poly(dA).poly(dT) converting to =
poly(dT).poly(dA).poly(dT) (20) and for the formation of =
poly(U).poly(A).poly(U) from poly(U).poly(A) (21).

The problem is evident: How and where would the torque arise, and be =
sustained, inside a solid fibre that would permit one double helix to =
rotate so as to unwind one strand and rewind it onto an adjacent triple =
helix having a different diameter and rotating at a different angular =
velocity, the conversion clearly being complete ?

Inside the fibre, individual molecules would have a random axial =
translation so only very rarely would two adjacent double helices have =
the same axial starting point down the fibre, and they would be unlikely =
to be perfectly straight inside the fibre but would probably be entwined =
around neighbours.

A true side-by-side duplex DNA structure (see website Puzzle #1) could =
form a side-by-side triplex, without any unwinding, by the linear =
transfer of a strand across to a neighbouring duplex.

----------------------------------------------------=20

19 Polymorphism of DNA Double Helices; A.G.W. Leslie et al.; J Mol Biol =
Vol 143 (1980) 49 - 72

20 Structures for the Polynucleotide Complexes Poly(dA).Poly(dT) & =
Poly(dT). Poly(dA).Poly(dT); Struther Arnott & E. Selsing; J Mol Biol =
Vol 88 (1974) 509-521

21 Structures for Poly(U).poly(A).poly(U) Triple Stranded =
Polynucleotides; Struther Arnott & P.J. Bond; Nature New Biology Vol 244 =
(1973) 99-101

=20

Clive Delmonte

For a view of all the DNA Structure Puzzles
and the DNA publications, please refer to:
http://www.c-i-delmonte.freeserve.co.uk

------=_NextPart_000_000A_01BF2E0E.18EA6EA0
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-8859-1" =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D"MSHTML 5.00.2014.210" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>PUZZLE NUMBER 7&nbsp;&nbsp; The Unwinding Problem =
Inside=20
Fibres</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>Leslie et al. (19) reported that a fibre of =
poly(dI).poly(dC),=20
in the absence of unwinding proteins, which gave sharp X-ray diffraction =
spots=20
shortly after being drawn, was unstable and transformed irreversibly =
after a few=20
days into poly(dC).poly(dI).poly(dC+). This new, three-stranded molecule =
also=20
gave sharp spots in its own X-ray diffraction pattern which did not have =
any of=20
the original spots.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>Therefore the conversion was complete. Very similar =
results=20
had been reported for fibres of poly(dA).poly(dT) converting to=20
poly(dT).poly(dA).poly(dT) (20) and for the formation of =
poly(U).poly(A).poly(U)=20
from poly(U).poly(A) (21).</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>The problem is evident: How and where would the =
torque arise,=20
and be sustained, inside a solid fibre that would permit one double =
helix to=20
rotate so as to unwind one strand and rewind it onto an adjacent triple =
helix=20
having a different diameter and rotating at a different angular =
velocity, the=20
conversion clearly being complete ?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>Inside the fibre, individual molecules would have a =
random=20
axial translation so only very rarely would two adjacent double helices =
have the=20
same axial starting point down the fibre, and they would be unlikely to =
be=20
perfectly straight inside the fibre but would probably be entwined =
around=20
neighbours.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>A true side-by-side duplex DNA structure (see =
website Puzzle=20
#1) could form a side-by-side triplex, without any unwinding, by the =
linear=20
transfer of a strand across to a neighbouring duplex.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>---------------------------------------------------- =

</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>19 Polymorphism of DNA Double Helices; A.G.W. Leslie =
et al.; J=20
Mol Biol Vol 143 (1980) 49 - 72</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>20 Structures for the Polynucleotide Complexes=20
Poly(dA).Poly(dT) &amp; Poly(dT). Poly(dA).Poly(dT); Struther Arnott =
&amp; E.=20
Selsing; J Mol Biol Vol 88 (1974) 509-521</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>21 Structures for Poly(U).poly(A).poly(U) Triple =
Stranded=20
Polynucleotides; Struther Arnott &amp; P.J. Bond; Nature New Biology Vol =
244=20
(1973) 99-101</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>&nbsp;</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>Clive Delmonte</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>For a view of all the DNA Structure Puzzles<BR>and =
the DNA=20
publications, please refer to:<BR><A=20
href=3D"http://www.c-i-delmonte.freeserve.co.uk">http://www.c-i-delmonte.=
freeserve.co.uk</A></FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>

------=_NextPart_000_000A_01BF2E0E.18EA6EA0--



From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Sat Nov 13 23:11:23 1999
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From: gilchrie@SODA.DENT.UNC.EDU ("Eric P. Gilchrist")
X-Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics
Subject: Equipment for sale (BTX Square wave elecroporator)
Date: 13 Nov 1999 15:02:27 -0800
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BTX 810-T Squarewave electroporator for sale with cuvette chamber and
100 mm TC dish electrode.  Interested parties should contact:

Eric Gilchrist
Dental Research Center
UNC School of Dentistry
919-966-9425



From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Sun Nov 14 16:30:40 1999
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From: jupitersci@altavista.net
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Subject: Meteor Storm
Date: Sun, 14 Nov 1999 16:17:24 GMT
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   The Leonid meteor shower peaks on Wednesday night (Nov. 17).
Every 33 years there is potentially an explosive display, and the
last such meteor storm was in 1966. For information, go to
http://ajanta.sci.ccny.cuny.edu/~jupiter/pub/sciinfo/index.html
Biologists might be interested in this event.



















******


Sent via Deja.com http://www.deja.com/
Before you buy.


From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Mon Nov 15 18:45:24 1999
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From: "Nino Giuseppe Loi" <ninloi@tin.it>
X-Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics
Subject: prova
Date: Mon, 15 Nov 1999 18:59:14 +0100
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prova




From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Mon Nov 15 21:35:18 1999
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From: "NDRI/HBDI" <hbdi@idt.net>
X-Newsgroups: alt.bio.technology,alt.bio.technology.misc,bionet,bionet.biology,bionet.biophysics,bionet.cellbiol
Subject: Autopsy, Surgical Discard and Transplantation Tissues for Now Available for Research
Date: Mon, 15 Nov 1999 16:27:16 -0500
Organization: IDT (Best News In The World)
Lines: 16
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See www.ndri.com for access to human tissues and organs for medical
researchers

See www.hbdi.org for information about family collections containing DNA and
immortalized cells - over 600 families - for medical and genetic researchers


NDRI and HBDI are non-profit organizations aiding medical research and the
search for disease genes.









From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Tue Nov 16 07:11:35 1999
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From: saigoobou15@CSTR.EDINBURGH.AC.UK (rlosprm)
X-Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics
Subject: 'Net stock newsletter
Date: 15 Nov 1999 23:07:10 -0800
Organization: BIOSCI International Newsgroups for Molecular Biology
Lines: 18
Distribution: world
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...internet and small cap stock - newsletter..

We are currently offering at no charge an internet and small cap 
newsletter FREE for a limited time.  This is a weekly newsletter
that is short, to the point and will only take a couple of minutes
to read.  If you do not enjoy this newsletter you can unsubscribe
at any time, no obligation.

You have nothing to lose by subscribing, so give it a try ! ! !


To subscribe, email  jeloo12@bigfoot.com  with the subject capnews

To be removed, email  jeloo124@bigfoot.com  with the subject delete

thank you and I wish you a happy thanks giving day!
    
+


From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Tue Nov 16 15:15:25 1999
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Subject: 'Net stock newsletter
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'Net and small cap stock-newsletter

We are currently offering at no charge an internet and small cap 
newsletter FREE for a limited time.  This is a weekly newsletter
that is short, to the point and will only take a couple of minutes
to read.  If you do not enjoy this newsletter you can unsubscribe
at any time, no obligation.

You have nothing to lose by subscribing, so give it a try ! ! !

To subscribe, email  perso223@bigfoot.com  with the subject capnews
           
                
To be removed, email  perso223@bigfoot.com  with the subject delete
Your address will be deleted in 24 hours....thank y


From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Tue Nov 16 20:55:17 1999
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From: "omirf" <omirf@omirf.iusd.iupui.edu>
X-Newsgroups: alt.image.medical,bionet.biophysics,comp.graphics.visualization,comp.protocols.dicom,misc.education.medical,sci.med.physics,sci.med.radiology,sci.med.telemedicine
Subject: Intro To Medical Image Processing: Short Course
Date: Tue, 16 Nov 1999 15:32:53 -0500
Organization: Indiana University - Purdue University Indianapolis,IN
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To be offered in SPIE Electronic Imaging in San Jose, CA
January 26, 2000
http://www.spie.org/web/meetings/programs/pw00/courses/SC086.html


*********** Course Info  ********************
Introduction to Medical Image Processing
 IST/SPIE Co-sponsored Short Course
This course offers an overview of image processing methods/standards and
their applications in medical imaging. It begins with a concise introduction
to various medical imaging modalities and acquisition systems. Digital image
characteristics and representation will be discussed. Image enhancement and
restoration techniques will be presented through several experimental and
clinical imaging examples. Fundamental concepts in mage segmentation and
their applications in quantitative imaging will be presented. DICOM and its
associated elements for image storage and communication will be discussed.
The practical concerns on handling multimedia-based imaging for medical
applications will be discussed. Concluding remarks will include topics on
current and future development in tele-imaging for medical applications.

BENEFITS/LEARNING OBJECTIVES
This course will enable you to:

identify major processes involved in formation of medical images
describe digital image characteristics in spatial and transformed domains
classify the various medical image processing algorithms
describe fundamental methods for densitometric and geometric image analysis
differentiate DICOM components and their functionality
compare and assess practical issues in image communication.
INTENDED AUDIENCE
Engineers, scientists, biomedical researchers and managers who need to have
a basic understanding of medical image processing technologies, methods, and
standards. Some prior background with image processing and computer
technology will be helpful.

INSTRUCTOR
Mostafa Analoui, Ph.D., Director of Oral and Maxillofacial Imaging Research
Facility, Assistant Professor of Oral Surgery, Medicine, Pathology at
Indiana University, Adjunct Professor of Electrical Engineering at Purdue
University. Dr. Analoui is actively involved in developing imaging solutions
for biomedical research and clinical diagnosis. Dr. Analoui was previously
with IBM T.J. Watson Research Center focusing on algorithm development for
statistical pattern recognition with application on automatic speech
recognition. Dr. Analoui has authored over sixty publications, including
journal articles, book chapters, and technical reports. He is active member
of IEEE, SPIE, IADR.






From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Wed Nov 17 07:10:35 1999
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From: E_Server@TATACC.TATA.COM.TW
X-Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics
Subject: The 1st and ONLY Free PCS Digital Cell Phone
Date: 16 Nov 1999 22:54:10 -0800
Organization: BIOSCI International Newsgroups for Molecular Biology
Lines: 129
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <199911170649.XAA05035@dns.sd149.k12.id.us>
Reply-To: E_Server@TATACC.TATA.COM.TW
To: biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk
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Precedence: bulk

The 1st and ONLY Free PCS Digital Cell Phone with 
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or
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If due to the response to this offer all our fax lines are busy, please try again.

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Free Cell Phone Agent





This is a one time mailing to those who have posted a link on 
my FFA page or your address  is in our in house database from past 
correspondence or your email address was on a list we have purchased.




From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Wed Nov 17 10:10:03 1999
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From: biohelp@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (BIOSCI Administrator)
X-Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics
Subject: BIOSCI/bionet miniFAQ & Fundraiser
Date: 17 Nov 1999 02:00:13 -0800
Organization: BIOSCI International Newsgroups for Molecular Biology
Lines: 239
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <199911171000.CAA21426@net.bio.net>
To: biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk
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Precedence: bulk


(LAST REVISION: 14-AUG-99)

This BIOSCI "miniFAQ" is designed to answer the questions that come up
the *most frequently*.  The main BIOSCI FAQ (Frequently Asked
Questions) is accessible on the World Wide Web at URL
http://www.bio.net/.

If you can not find an answer to your question in this or other
documentation, the BIOSCI technical support staff answers e-mail
queries sent to

		       biosci-help@net.bio.net

We can only answer questions about the use of the newsgroups and
mailing lists.  We unfortunately do not have the staff to do Internet
information searches or answer scientific questions.  Please post
those to the appropriate BIOSCI/bionet newsgroups.


	Contents:
	--------
	0) BIOSCI NEEDS YOUR SUPPORT!!

	1) Using the WWW to access the BIOSCI/bionet newsgroups.

	2) What to do about "spams," i.e., junk mail, ads, etc.

	3) Examples of subscribing and unsubscribing to the mailing lists.

	4) The BIOSCI user address and research interest directory.


0) BIOSCI NEEDS YOUR SUPPORT!!
------------------------------
BIOSCI's government funding has been expended, and we are now
operating solely from advertising revenue that we have raised from our
Web site at http://www.bio.net/.  We need just a few minutes of your
time to help us serve you.

You can do two important things which will take very little time for
you individually and will immensely help us continue to help you.

First, please use our WWW system at http://www.bio.net/ to access the
archives.  You can post or reply to messages via your Web browser as
described in item #1 below.  Your usage helps attract sponsors. If you
contact any of our sponsors, please be sure to thank them for
supporting BIOSCI. It is critical for them to get this feedback if
they are to continue their sponsorship for the long term.

Second, if you work for a company or organization that provides
products or services of interest to the biology community, please pass
this message on to your marketing or marketing communications
department or other appropriate group.  Please ask them to help
support BIOSCI by sponsoring our Web site and explain the uses and
benefits of the system to the biology community. If they are
interested, they can then contact us for further information at our
tech support address, biosci-help@net.bio.net.


1) Using the WWW to access the BIOSCI/bionet newsgroups.
--------------------------------------------------------
All BIOSCI/bionet full newsgroups are accessible through the World
Wide Web (WWW) at URL http://www.bio.net.  One can read and reply
publicly or privately to both recent postings and archived messages
through one's Web browser if it is configured properly to send e-mail.
Each newsgroup is equipped with its own WAIS index.  The main BIOSCI
home page also has access to the BIO-JOURNALS Table of Contents
database WAIS index and the BIOSCI user address database described in
another item further below.


2) What to do about "spams," i.e., junk mail, ads, etc.
-------------------------------------------------------
BIOSCI is a set of parallel USENET newsgroups (the "bionet" groups),
mailing lists, and a hypermail archive at URL http://www.bio.net/.
The same postings are distributed on all media (except for a small
number of mailing-list-only groups at net.bio.net).  Unfortunately it
is becoming a despicable practice on the Internet (by a few people out
to make a fast buck) to do automated mass postings to thousands of
newsgroups and mailing lists.  These attempts to grab free advertising
are refered to as "spams" in the usual, somewhat boneheaded, net
terminology.  USENET is more susceptible to this practice, and many
spams originate on the USENET groups and then are passed on to the
mailing lists.  However, spammers also get lists of mailing addresses
and hit these too, so neither medium is immune.

What should you do personally if you get junk mail?
---------------------------------------------------
Just delete it and move on without reading it further.  Filing a
protest is becoming increasingly useless because spammers are often
disguising the addresses where the messages are sent from.  Unless you
really understand Internet mail systems, your attempt at protest by
sending replies to the message will often end up being sent to the
address of an innocent person that the spammer is victimizing.

What can BIOSCI/bionet do to protect its newsgroups?
----------------------------------------------------
The only solution currently available is to moderate the newsgroup.
If this newsgroup is already moderated, then you are in good shape.
Moderation protects the USENET distribution from about 95% of the
spams that are being sent to date and protects the mailing lists
completely.  Moderation means, however, that someone has to take the
time to review each message before it goes out.  We have set up
software here that simply allows the moderator to forward to an
address at net.bio.net messages that (s)he wishes to have distributed.
This takes no more time than that needed to read the message and pass
it on, say about 1 min. per message.

Most newsgroups currently have a discussion leader who is responsible
for their newsgroup.  The discussions leaders and their e-mail
addresses are listed in the BIOSCI Information Sheet which is
available on the Web at http://www.bio.net/.  If a newsgroup is being
hit with too many junk postings, please contact the discussion leader
for that group and see if there is interest in moderating the group.
Please do not assume that by simply posting a complaint to the
newsgroup itself, anyone on the BIOSCI staff will act on your
complaint.  With close to 100 newsgroups to run, the BIOSCI staff has
to rely on the discussion leaders of each newsgroup to report problems
directly to us at biosci-help@net.bio.net.

We will moderate any of our newsgroups if the discussion leader tells
us that the readership of the group wishes to do so and if a moderator
is willing to do the work.  For most BIOSCI/bionet groups, this
entails only a few minutes of work each day.

Moderating a newsgroup will resolve probably 95% of the junk postings
on the USENET distribution.  Unfortunately there are easy ways for
determined spammers to override the moderation mechanism on USENET,
but we can protect our e-mail subscribers from unwanted postings if
the newsgroup is moderated.  You can also access our newsgroups over
the WWW at URL http://www.bio.net.  While this Web interface will not
stop spammers from trying to post to the groups, this will give you
yet another way, besides using USENET news, to keep the junk out of
your personal mail files.  For those of you with local USENET news
systems, the Web interface will also give you faster access to new
newsgroups and recent postings.


3) Examples of subscribing and unsubscribing to the mailing lists.
------------------------------------------------------------------
PLEASE NOTE: The BIOSCI management does NOT act on
subscription/unsubscription requests that are posted improperly to the
newsgroups and mailing lists.  People who do this only bother everyone
on the lists to no avail.  Please be sure to follow the proper
procedures below.

Gory details are in the BIOSCI Information sheets on the Web at
http://www.bio.net.  Below we give an example utilizing the
METHODS-AND-REAGENTS list at both of our two BIOSCI sites:

Users in the Americas and Pacific Rim countries who use the BIOSCI
------------------------------------------------------------------
node at computer net.bio.net:
----------------------------

A) Determine the "listname" which is the <=8 character mail address
                                         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^
   for the group.  These can be found in the BIOSCI Info. Sheet.  For
   the METHODS-AND-REAGENTS group the mailing address is
   methods@net.bio.net.  The listname is the portion of the address to
   the left of the @ sign, i.e., "methods".  The listname is used with
   the "subscribe" and "unsubscribe" commands illustrated below.

B) Mail all commands in the body of a mail message addressed to
   biosci-server@net.bio.net.  Do NOT send commands to the newsgroup
   posting addresses!  Leave the Subject: line blank, any text on it
   will be ignored.

C) In the body of your message put one or more of the following
   commands with an "end" command on the last line, e.g.,

   subscribe methods
   unsubscribe methods
   end

   Do NOT put your e-mail address or other text on these lines.  The
   server only allows you to cancel your subscription if the address
   on your mail header matches the address on our mailing list.
   Please ask for help at biosci-help@net.bio.net if your address has
   changed, e.g., if you know you are on the list but the server tells
   you that you are not a member.


Users in Europe, Africa, and Central Asia who use the BIOSCI node at
--------------------------------------------------------------------
the UK-HGMP-Resource Centre (known as hgmp.mrc.ac.uk):
-----------------------------------------------------

A) Determine the "listname" which is the <=8 character mail address
                                         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^
   for the group.  These can be found in the BIOSCI Info. Sheet.  For
   the METHODS-AND-REAGENTS group the mailing address is
   methods@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk.  The listname is the portion of the address to
   the left of the @ sign, i.e., "methods".  The listname is used with
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-----------------------------------------------------------
Please take this opportunity to add your name, address, and research
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From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Wed Nov 17 18:24:02 1999
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From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Wed Nov 17 19:25:50 1999
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From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Wed Nov 17 19:25:51 1999
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Thanks Dodo, I guess I needed that; whatever THAT is.
I'll resist the temptation to respond in kind.  I'm tied to the
ball and chain anyway.

Sounds like you've got me pegged though.  And all this time
I thought I was coverin me tracts.

Give me a call, at home, sometime when you're feeling better.


Return-Path: <brianbalten@yahoo.com>
Received: from  smtp.mx.gnn.com (smtp.mail.gnn.com [175.18.146.1]) by air-yb04.mail.gnn.com (v60.28) with ESMTP; Thu, 1 Nov 1999 16:35:07 -0400


HOW TO MEET BEAUTIFUL WOMEN
1. HOW TO MAKE BEAUTIFUL WOMEN FROM ALL AROUND THE WORLD  BECOME 
INTERESTED IN YOU FROM RIGHT HERE AT YOUR COMPUTER FOR FREE
 -- No need to join ANY dating service Ever !! This is how I met my current girlfriend!
Call NOW!  (900) 622-8258 ext. 2061 . .   approx.Total length of call 5 min  $2.99/ min. Cost $12-$15

2. HOW TO APPROACH THE BADDEST PARTY GIRL USING THIS
BAD BOY APPROACH!  Need we say more?
Call NOW!  (900) 622-8258   ext. 2062 . . $2.99/ min.  approx. Total length of call 5 min. Cost $12-$15

3. HOW TO MEET PROFESSIONAL DANCERS AND MAKE A DATE ALMOST INTANTLY!
-- For the Beginner and the Advanced Mac- daddy
Feel like you could never enter a strip bar and leave with a hot babe?
Make yourself appear different from the rest of the crowd and GET NOTICED!!
--No party gimmicks needed This Strategy Works very well even for the shy!  
 "THIS ONE'S EASY" A. POWERS :) 
Call NOW!  (900) 622-8258 ext. 2063. approx. length of call 5 mIn.  Hang up Anytime!!  $2.99 min. Cost $12-$15

4. HOW TO MEET PROFESSIONAL DANCERS AND LEAVE THE BAR WITH THEM
- For the advanced Macker only
Are you in love with a hot stripper you've never met? Give her a complex when everyone else is
Kissing her you know what and Bag that Bitty INSTANTLY!  Her self esteem and her you- know-
What  will be in the palm of your sweaty hands.  It is recommended that you Rehearse this technique  first! 
Call NOW!  (900) 622-8258 ext. 2065. . approx. Total length of call 5 min.  $2.99 min. Cost $12-$15

5. HOW TO INTRODUCE YOURSELF TO COLLEGE GIRLS WITHOUT LEAVING YOUR HOME
AND HAVE THEM RETURN YOUR EMAIL WITH AN ANTICIPATED INTEREST IN YOU 
PERSONALLY! -- this method works regardless of your age!
Call NOW!  (900) 622-8258 ext. 2062.  . . approx. Total length of call 5 min  $2.99/min. Cost $12-$15

If you are unable to place this call.  Please contact your local phone company and ask them to 
remove 900 number call blocking.


All information is copywrited and unauthorized thereof is punishable to the fullest extent of the law.



----------------------- Headers --------------------------------


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From: fekoagu50@MAIL.C-LABS.COM.SG (kosleo)
X-Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics
Subject: **Spring Break
Date: 18 Nov 1999 05:53:36 -0800
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11745799169152663207460211

Plan your spring break trip now!  If you would like to receive
information and prices for trips to Cancun, Jamaica, Bahamas and
Florida as well as a newsletter about spring break please reply to
ihso@bigfoot.com with the subject and body as "spring".

To be deleted from this list, just email  ihso@bigfoot.com with the
subject field "removed"

Plan your spring break trip now!
8




From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Thu Nov 18 15:20:17 1999
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From: radelle_locatelli@ena-east.ericsson.se
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.uk, tropicalcruiser@yahoo.com, tropicalmagic@geocities.com, tropics@thegrid.net, jtopie@earthlink.net, loopie@earthlink.net, poopie@earthlink.net, slopilot@slopilot.com
From: <radelle_locatelli@ena-east.ericsson.se>
Subject: Re: How To Meet Beautiful Women
MIME-Version: 1.0
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Message-Id: <199911180404953.SM00162@wer>
Date: Thu, 18 Nov 1999 08:42:50 +0100


Thanks Dodo, I guess I needed that; whatever THAT is.
I'll resist the temptation to respond in kind.  I'm tied to the
ball and chain anyway.

Sounds like you've got me pegged though.  And all this time
I thought I was coverin me tracts.

Give me a call, at home, sometime when you're feeling better.


Return-Path: <brianbalten@yahoo.com>
Received: from  smtp.mx.gnn.com (smtp.mail.gnn.com [175.18.146.1]) by air-yb04.mail.gnn.com (v60.28) with ESMTP; Thu, 1 Nov 1999 16:35:07 -0400

WELCOME TO EDDIE FASKELLS PICKUP LIBLINE!!  COMING TO A WEBSIGHT NEAR YOU!
HOW TO MEET BEAUTIFUL WOMEN
1. HOW TO MAKE BEAUTIFUL WOMEN FROM ALL AROUND THE WORLD  BECOME 
INTERESTED IN YOU FROM RIGHT HERE AT YOUR COMPUTER FOR FREE
 -- No need to join ANY dating service Ever !! This is how I met my current girlfriend!
Call NOW!  (900) 622-8258 ext. 2061 . .   approx.Total length of call 3 min  $2.99/ min. Cost $10

2. HOW TO APPROACH THE BADDEST PARTY GIRL USING THIS
BAD BOY APPROACH!  Need we say more?
Call NOW!  (900) 622-8258   ext. 2062 . . $2.99/ min.  approx. Total length of call 3 min. Cost $10

3. HOW TO MEET PROFESSIONAL DANCERS AND MAKE A DATE ALMOST INTANTLY!
-- For the Beginner and the Advanced Mac- daddy
Feel like you could never enter a strip bar and leave with a hot babe?
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--No party gimmicks needed This Strategy Works very well even for the shy!  
 "THIS ONE'S EASY" A. POWERS :) 
Call NOW!  (900) 622-8258 ext. 2063. approx. length of call 4 mIn.  Hang up Anytime!!  $2.99 min. Cost $12

4. HOW TO MEET PROFESSIONAL DANCERS AND LEAVE THE BAR WITH THEM
- For the advanced Macker only
Are you in love with a hot stripper you've never met? Give her a complex when everyone else is
Kissing her you know what and Bag that Bitty INSTANTLY!  Her self esteem and her you- know-
What  will be in the palm of your sweaty hands.  It is recommended that you Rehearse this technique first! 
Call NOW!  (900) 622-8258 ext. 2065. . approx. Total length of call 4 min.  $2.99 min. Cost $12

5. HOW TO INTRODUCE YOURSELF TO COLLEGE GIRLS WITHOUT LEAVING YOUR HOME
AND HAVE THEM RETURN YOUR EMAIL WITH AN ANTICIPATED INTEREST IN YOU 
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If you are unable to place this call.  Please contact your local phone company and ask them to 
remove 900 number call blocking.


All information is copywrited and unauthorized thereof is punishable to the fullest extent of the law.



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From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Thu Nov 18 15:47:03 1999
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Re: How to meet a policeman without leaving your home

GREAT ! DID YOU NEVER GET IT ! They may visit you without even leaving your chair or computer !!! How ?!

Read the advice in the following e-mail NOW! And u'll get what
u deserve...

-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject:             The Abundance of Spam Mail
        Date:        Wed, 14 Jul 1999 04:24:10 -0700
        From: "Chad C. Sines" <chad.sines@chemistry.gatech.edu>
 Organization: Georgia Institute of Technology
          To: x-plor@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk, xtal-log@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk


This is a little off topic I know, but I feel it is relevant.  I am a
crystallographer and a frequenter of three main crystallographic news
groups, this being one.  Mostly I read the postings, but I do
occassionally post or respond to them.  I have been very annoyed at the
amount of spam postings we have received.  I have also been receiving
many to my email address apparently from some louse grabbing my email
address from postings.

I have found a FREE reporting mechanism at http://spamcop.net/  I
stumbled upon it by accident.  It will make all the necessary reports to
network administrators concerning spam email and newsgrou postings.  It
is able to get through phony email addresses by reading the headers.  It
takes me less than a minute to do this and I have received responses
from the administrators with news that the person had been dealt with.

It's just a thought.  If spamming doesn't bother you, then I am sorry to
have bugged you.

Chad

---------------------------------
Visit the site NOW ! Thank you for your attention.
Ivan
---


From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Fri Nov 19 16:03:05 1999
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From: virgilio1@my-deja.com
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Subject: stuff
Date: Fri, 19 Nov 1999 15:51:56 GMT
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No/3 some cool stuff


Sent via Deja.com http://www.deja.com/
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From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Fri Nov 19 16:03:05 1999
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Subject: Re: **Spring Break
Date: Fri, 19 Nov 1999 15:50:30 GMT
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Alot of un usefull stuff


Sent via Deja.com http://www.deja.com/
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From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Fri Nov 19 22:15:38 1999
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From: kottenhahn@icdd.com
X-Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics,bionet.cellbiol,bionet.molbio.proteins
Subject: ICDD YEAR 2000 Clinics on X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
Date: 19 Nov 1999 14:16:57 -0800
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THE INTERNATIONAL CENTRE FOR DIFFRACTION DATA
ICDD YEAR 2000 Clinics on X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry

Fundamentals of X-ray Fluorescence		May 1-5, 2000
Advanced Methods in X-ray Fluorescence		May 8-12, 2000

Course Outline

Session I - Fundamentals of X-ray Fluorescence
· Excitation and properties of X-rays
· X-ray fluorescence spectrometry
· Instrumentation and methods
· Detection and intensity measurements
· Pulse height selection and analysis
· Energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry
· Qualitative and semi-quantitative analysis
· Quantitative analysis
· Use of personal computers for qualitative and quantitative analysis
· Specimen preparation
· Discussion of examples and problems encountered by participants
· Special topics: as required

Session II - Advanced Methods in X-ray Fluorescence
· Brief review of fundamentals
· Properties of X-rays
· X-ray spectra
· Types and sources of error in X-ray spectrometry
· Factors affecting intensity of specimen emission lines
· Instrumentation for X-ray spectrometry
· Counting statistics: precision and accuracy of analysis
· Method of correction for matrix effects
· Computer methods for correction of matrix effects
· Specimen preparation and techniques
· Wavelength dispersive X-ray spectrometry
· Energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry
· Use of personal computers for qualitative and quantitative analysis
· Discussion of examples and problems encountered by participants

Location  The ICDD X-ray Clinics are held at ICDD Headquarters, Newtown
Square Corporate Campus, 12 Campus Boulevard, Newtown Square,
Pennsylvania, U.S.A.

For more information contact Jeanne Ginsburg, Education Coordinator,
Tel: +610-325-9814, Fax: +610-325-9823, E-mail: clinics@icdd.com.
Information on all ICDD educational courses is posted on the ICDD web
site www.ICDD.com.


--
International Centre for Diffraction Data
www.icdd.com, www.dxcicdd.com, www.ixas.org
webmaster@icdd


Sent via Deja.com http://www.deja.com/
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From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Sat Nov 20 05:40:04 1999
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From: tony@CRESCOTEK.COM
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Date: 19 Nov 1999 21:36:30 -0800
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