From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Wed Dec 01 09:15:21 1999 Path: hgmp.mrc.ac.uk!pegasus.csx.cam.ac.uk!daresbury!uninett.no!news.maxwell.syr.edu!newsfeed.icl.net!diablo.theplanet.net!diablo2!news.theplanet.net!newspost.theplanet.net!not-for-mail From: "Clive Delmonte" Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: DNA Structure Puzzle #9 - Z-DNA Date: Wed, 1 Dec 1999 08:04:19 -0000 Organization: Customer of Planet Online Lines: 191 Message-ID: <822ol9$neh$1@newsg2.svr.pol.co.uk> NNTP-Posting-Host: modem-10.zidovudine.dialup.pol.co.uk Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_000A_01BF3BD2.ABBFADE0" X-Trace: newsg2.svr.pol.co.uk 944039401 24017 62.136.94.138 (1 Dec 1999 09:10:01 GMT) NNTP-Posting-Date: 1 Dec 1999 09:10:01 GMT X-Complaints-To: abuse@theplanet.net X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Newsreader: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2014.211 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2014.211 Xref: hgmp.mrc.ac.uk bionet.biophysics:237 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_000A_01BF3BD2.ABBFADE0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable PUZZLE NUMBER 9 Z-DNA Miller et al. (28) reported that, using duplex poly deoxy (Guanosine - = 5-methyl-Cytosine), the B to Z transition took place an order of = magnitude faster when the polymer in the B form was fully wound round = nucleosome cores than when the B-DNA was free in solution. If Z-DNA really were left-handed, how would a right to left helical = transition in duplex DNA take place an order of magnitude faster when = wound around nucleosomal histones than when free in solution? There is a clue to a possible answer in the work of Sasisekharan & = Brahmachari (Puzzle #8, Ref. 23) who suggest that B- and Z-DNA have the = same helical handedness since the B to Z transition is seen by several = groups to occur under very mild conditions inside a solid fibre. Such reasoning had been advanced many years earlier as support for the = proposition that the A & B forms had the same handedness because of the = same observation. Then the B to Z transition could be faster on nucleosomes because of the = highly ordered structure, and slower in solution because of the high = degree of folding and twisting of the duplex in solution. We recall that there is actually no direct experimental evidence that = Z-DNA is left-handed. Topological experiments predicated on its = left-handedness have failed (e.g., Ref 29), and none known to me have = succeeded. The X-ray diffraction reports on Z-DNA structure were based = on fitting the data to a model chosen by the workers themselves (e.g., = Ref. 30 (Note 19, where the 3 x 3 matrix defines a left-handed double = helix) and Ref. 31 (page 4017, "... we should again attempt the = method...using a trial model of left-handed Z-DNA.)) On this new basis, the fast B to Z transition observed by Miller et al. = might merely consist of Watson-Crick base pairs becoming Hoogsteen = pairs, by a fast purine flip, leading to CD inversion at certain = frequencies, with both B & Z forms being right-handed. This suggestion = resolves Puzzle #8. With a Hoogsteen base pair width of 0.88nm, a true side-by-side duplex = has a major elliptical axis of some 1.76 nm and will just fit into = certain reported, small unit cells such as that of Arnott & Selsing = (Puzzle #7, Ref. 20 (cell side =3D 1.78nm)), for example, which is too = small to accommodate a Watson-Crick double helix. This proposal was = first published in 1991 (Puzzle #1, Ref. 2). ----------------------------------------- 28 Nucleosome-core Assembly on B & Z Forms of Duplex = Poly(d(G-5-methyl-C)); F.D. Miller, J.B. Rattner & J.H. van der Sande: = Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology Vol 47 (1983) = 571-575 29 DNA conformation & chromatin organisation of a d(CA/GT) x 30 sequence = cloned in SV40 minichromosomes; A. Rodriguez-Campos et al.; The EMBO J = Vol 5 (1986) 1727 - 1734 30 Left-handed Double Helical DNA: Variations in the Backbone = Conformation; A.H.-J. Wang et al.; SCIENCE Vol 211 (1981) 171 - 176 31 The tetramer d(CGCG) crystallises as a left-handed double helix; = J.L.Crawford et al.; Proc Nat Acad Sci (USA); Vol 77 (1980) 4016 - 4020 Clive Delmonte For a view of all the DNA Structure Puzzles and the DNA publications, please refer to: http://www.c-i-delmonte.freeserve.co.uk ------=_NextPart_000_000A_01BF3BD2.ABBFADE0 Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
 
PUZZLE NUMBER 9    =20 Z-DNA

Miller et al. (28) reported that, using duplex = poly deoxy=20 (Guanosine - 5-methyl-Cytosine), the B to Z transition took place an = order of=20 magnitude faster when the polymer in the B form was fully wound round = nucleosome=20 cores than when the B-DNA was free in solution.

If Z-DNA really were left-handed, how would a = right to left=20 helical transition in duplex DNA take place an order of magnitude faster = when=20 wound around nucleosomal histones than when free in solution?

There is a clue to a possible answer in the work = of=20 Sasisekharan & Brahmachari (Puzzle #8, Ref. 23) who suggest that B- = and=20 Z-DNA have the same helical handedness since the B to Z transition is = seen by=20 several groups to occur under very mild conditions inside a solid=20 fibre.

Such reasoning had been advanced many years = earlier as=20 support for the proposition that the A & B forms had the same = handedness=20 because of the same observation.

Then the B to Z transition could be faster on = nucleosomes=20 because of the highly ordered structure, and slower in solution because = of the=20 high degree of folding and twisting of the duplex in = solution.

We recall that there is actually no direct = experimental=20 evidence that Z-DNA is left-handed. Topological experiments predicated = on its=20 left-handedness have failed (e.g., Ref 29), and none known to me have = succeeded.=20 The X-ray diffraction reports on Z-DNA structure were based on fitting = the data=20 to a model chosen by the workers themselves (e.g., Ref. 30 (Note 19, = where the 3=20 x 3 matrix defines a left-handed double helix) and Ref. 31 (page 4017, = "... we=20 should again attempt the method...using a trial model of left-handed=20 Z-DNA.))

On this new basis, the fast B to Z transition = observed by=20 Miller et al. might merely consist of Watson-Crick base pairs becoming = Hoogsteen=20 pairs, by a fast purine flip, leading to CD inversion at certain = frequencies,=20 with both B & Z forms being right-handed. This suggestion resolves = Puzzle=20 #8.

With a Hoogsteen base pair width of 0.88nm, a true = side-by-side duplex has a major elliptical axis of some 1.76 nm and will = just=20 fit into certain reported, small unit cells such as that of Arnott & = Selsing=20 (Puzzle #7, Ref. 20 (cell side =3D 1.78nm)), for example, which is too = small to=20 accommodate a Watson-Crick double helix. This proposal was first = published in=20 1991 (Puzzle #1, Ref. 2).

-----------------------------------------

28 Nucleosome-core Assembly on B & Z Forms of = Duplex=20 Poly(d(G-5-methyl-C)); F.D. Miller, J.B. Rattner & J.H. van der = Sande: Cold=20 Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology Vol 47 (1983) = 571-575

29 DNA conformation & chromatin organisation = of a=20 d(CA/GT) x 30 sequence cloned in SV40 minichromosomes; A. = Rodriguez-Campos et=20 al.; The EMBO J Vol 5 (1986) 1727 - 1734

30 Left-handed Double Helical DNA: Variations in = the=20 Backbone Conformation; A.H.-J. Wang et al.; SCIENCE Vol 211 (1981) 171 - = 176

31 The tetramer d(CGCG) crystallises as a = left-handed double=20 helix; J.L.Crawford et al.; Proc Nat Acad Sci (USA); Vol 77 (1980) 4016 = -=20 4020


Clive Delmonte
 
For a view of all the DNA Structure Puzzles
and = the DNA=20 publications, please refer to:
http://www.c-i-delmonte.= freeserve.co.uk
------=_NextPart_000_000A_01BF3BD2.ABBFADE0-- From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Wed Dec 01 16:15:28 1999 Path: hgmp.mrc.ac.uk!pegasus.csx.cam.ac.uk!daresbury!uninett.no!newsfeed.nacamar.de!fu-berlin.de!zrz.TU-Berlin.DE!not-for-mail From: Heike Pospisil Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Partition / distribution coefficient Date: Wed, 01 Dec 1999 17:11:31 +0100 Organization: Charite Lines: 7 Message-ID: <384548B3.2CEE174C@charite.de> NNTP-Posting-Host: barrier-18.charite.de Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.61 [en] (WinNT; I) X-Accept-Language: en Xref: hgmp.mrc.ac.uk bionet.biophysics:238 Hello, could somebody explain me the diffenence between octanol-water partition coefficiont (PC) and octanol-water distribution coefficient (DC)? Thanks for help Heike From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Sat Dec 04 00:30:14 1999 Path: hgmp.mrc.ac.uk!server1.netnews.ja.net!fu-berlin.de!nntp.cs.ubc.ca!nntp.itservices.ubc.ca!paralynx!van-bc!deep!not-for-mail From: spark@spark-online.com (Kris >>*spark) Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: bioinformatics & biocapitalism in the race to map the human genome Date: Sat, 04 Dec 1999 00:26:41 GMT Reply-To: spark@spark-online.com Message-ID: <38485fbd.3583398@news.paralynx.com> X-Newsreader: Forte Free Agent 1.11/32.235 Lines: 84 NNTP-Posting-Host: 24.112.122.242 X-Trace: deep 944267154 4332 24.112.122.242 Xref: hgmp.mrc.ac.uk bionet.biophysics:239 bioinformatics & biocapitalism in the race to map the human genome "We pave the way for a new era of post-genomic discovery." Craig Venter, President, Celera Genomics Just this past month, Celera Genomics, Inc. (http://www.celera.com), announced that it had delivered the sequence of over 1 billion base pairs of human DNA to its subscribers, roughly one-third of the estimated number of total base pairs in the human genome. In 1998, Craig Venter, a one-time NIH researcher, started a private company whose publicly-stated goal would be to sequence the entire human genome in less time and for less money than the U.S. government-supported Human Genome Project. Venter's announcement sent a shockwave through the biotechnology community, urging the various government organizations toboost their own timetables for the race to sequence the human genome. Now, roughly a year later, Venter's company - Celera Genomics - says it is working steadily towards its goal of completing the genome just afterthe millennium. Celera is one part of the Perkin-Elmer Corporation, theother of which is PE Biosystems, a manufacturer of lab technologies, software, instruments, and related services. In keeping with the company's corporate model, Celera sells "subscription" access to the results of its genomics research, so that paying organizations will have direct access to this privately-funded map of the human genome. With all the discussion, reportage, and hype surrounding contemporary biotechnology and molecular genetics, the stage has been set for what will appear to be a polarized, divided intersection of hopes, anxieties, promises, and skepticism. On the side of molecular biotechnology research and application, press releases and interviews with researchers display a combination of enthusiasm and a product-driven speculation of "revolutions" in health care and medicine.[1] On the side of a diverse group of writers, activists, and cultural theorists, there is a commonly-felt need to intervene in the process of "producing scientific artifact" and to begin discussing issues pertaining to bioethics, technology development, policy and regulation, and the potential implications for health care and medicine.[2] In the zone between practical research and critical intervention, between science-based speculation and the call for an emphasis on cultural contingency, the exceedingly broad field known of biotechnology has become a kind of war zone, mobilizing research results, governments, corporations, molecules, patent claims, lab technologies, cloned animals and embryos, patients in clinical trials, specialist and popular discourses, and fluxes in information and investments. Currently, there appear to be two main forces driving molecular biotechnology research, and, in turn, affecting notions of how the human body, identity, and "life" will be defined in the coming "biotech century." The first of these is a fast-growing field called "bioinformatics." Put simply, bioinformatics relates to the efficient management, analysis, storage, and representation of molecular and genetic information. For instance, researchers working on the Human Genome Project have to deal with a vast amount of information on a regular basis, correlating previous research (sequence, mapping, structural information) with current research, and using new computer technologies to analyze a given gene sequence in the most accurate, detailed, and sophisticated manner. The use of powerful computers has been indispensable in this area. In fact, many of these computer databases run on networked server computers, making access to a givengenetic database available over the Web. The number of such databases - genomes of humans, worms, bacteria, but also protein and RNA databases - runs into the thousands, rooted in research and corporate institutions mostly in the U.S., Western Europe, and Japan. continued @ http://www.spark-online.com/december99/trends/thacker.htm by eugene thacker This article and many more are available at *spark-online...to subscribe for free to *spark-online, just send an email to spark@spark-online and say hello. We'll get back to you and together we can explore electronic consciousness... ______________________________________________________________________________ In most urban centres people do not know the neighbours across the hall, yet they will exchange the most intimate details of their personal lives with strangers in Swaziland via electronic chat rooms. In the midst of this world there exists a place where the hangers-on, the merely somewhat interested, and the radically involved members of cyberspace come to raise their hackles, in a community venture called *spark-online. *spark-online purports to "explore the electronic consciousness.Its an e-zine dedicated to understanding very nature of this brave new world we inhabit. Join the fray @ : http://www.spark-online.com From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Sat Dec 04 03:45:26 1999 Path: hgmp.mrc.ac.uk!pegasus.csx.cam.ac.uk!daresbury!uninett.no!Norway.EU.net!EU.net!blackbush.xlink.net!newsfeed.tli.de!newsfeed.nacamar.de!newsfeed.icl.net!newsfeed.icl.net!newspeer.clara.net!news.clara.net!remarQ-uK!rQdQ!supernews.com!remarQ.com!remarQ69!WReNclone!WReNphoon3.POSTED!WReN!not-for-mail From: hydrophile Subject: stereospecificity Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Message-ID: <0221c012.342b8a6d@usw-ex0101-005.remarq.com> Lines: 17 Bytes: 804 X-Originating-Host: 209.180.50.92 Organization: http://www.remarq.com: The World's Usenet/Discussions Start Here X-Wren-Trace: ePDV/fzlouijo/Dq8Lnh8ebD7PT49rTn+vLz+vfhp7764vCjrumrr6ShuqCu/rq1 Date: Fri, 03 Dec 1999 19:22:15 -0800 NNTP-Posting-Host: 10.0.2.5 X-Complaints-To: wrenabuse@remarq.com X-Trace: WReNphoon3 944277964 10.0.2.5 (Fri, 03 Dec 1999 19:26:04 PST) NNTP-Posting-Date: Fri, 03 Dec 1999 19:26:04 PST Xref: hgmp.mrc.ac.uk bionet.biophysics:240 Im a physical chemist transitioning to a biophysicist and trying to catch up on my biochemistry. I am curious about sterespecific effects. I know that proteins exhibit stereoselective binding, but I wonder if there is any data on whether they exhibit stereospecific solvation. In planer terms, are there any documented cases of a bionolecule being more soluble in one isomer, versus another? Also, what are some benchmarks for stereospecificty in terms of protein activity? i.e. are stereospecific proteins inactive towards one isomer, or is it just more active with one isomer by a factor like 2, 5, 10, or 100? I hope that makes sense. * Sent from RemarQ http://www.remarq.com The Internet's Discussion Network * The fastest and easiest way to search and participate in Usenet - Free! From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Sun Dec 05 09:12:06 1999 Path: hgmp.mrc.ac.uk!server1.netnews.ja.net!fu-berlin.de!bignews.mediaways.net!diablo.theplanet.net!diablo2!news.theplanet.net!newspost.theplanet.net!not-for-mail From: "Clive Delmonte" Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: DNA Structure Puzzle #10 - More Fun with Z-DNA Date: Sat, 4 Dec 1999 17:53:36 -0000 Organization: Customer of Planet Online Lines: 125 Message-ID: <82da92$6i1$1@news6.svr.pol.co.uk> NNTP-Posting-Host: modem-19.gallium.dialup.pol.co.uk Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0013_01BF3E80.7CD2F7C0" X-Trace: news6.svr.pol.co.uk 944385122 6721 62.136.15.19 (5 Dec 1999 09:12:02 GMT) NNTP-Posting-Date: 5 Dec 1999 09:12:02 GMT X-Complaints-To: abuse@theplanet.net X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Newsreader: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2014.211 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2014.211 Xref: hgmp.mrc.ac.uk bionet.biophysics:241 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_0013_01BF3E80.7CD2F7C0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable PUZZLE NUMBER 10 More Fun with Z-DNA=20 Chen (32) reported that methylated poly(dC.dG)2 existed in the Z form at = both low and high salt concentrations, and that both of these forms were = interconvertible into a B form at intermediate salt concentrations. A rather similar sequence of interconversions, of Z to A and then on to = a further Z form was reported by Wu & Behe (33) as they raised the salt = concentration monotonically from low to high values in their study. Are we to consider that all of these interconvertible transitions were = of left going to right and then back to left-handed forms as the salt = concentration was raised ? In Puzzle #8, The Crystallographers' Paradox, we saw how the proposition = that Z, A and B forms had the same helical handedness allowed an = explanation of the results of fibre transitions of B to Z, and also = those of Miller et al. (Puzzle #9) for the much accelerated B to Z = transition with DNA when around nucleosomal cores. For Refs. 32 and 33 we can consider as a working hypothesis that there = are several right-handed "Z" forms (both based on Hoogsteen pairing), = rather as there are several right-handed forms (A & B) based on = Watson-Crick pairing, and it is one of these several Z forms which lie = on each side of the B and A forms reported respectively in Refs. 32 and = 33. ---------------------------------------------=20 32 Conformational Lability of Poly(dG.5 methyl dC); Fu-Ming Chen; Nucl = Acids Res Vol 14 (1986) 5081 - 5097=20 33 Salt-induced Z-A-Z transition sequence in the mixed ribo-deoxyribo = copolymer poly (rG-dC); H.-Y. Wu & M.J. Behe; Proc Nat Acad Sci (USA) = Vol 81 (1984) 7284 - 7287 Clive Delmonte For a view of all the DNA Structure Puzzles and the DNA publications, please refer to: http://www.c-i-delmonte.freeserve.co.uk ------=_NextPart_000_0013_01BF3E80.7CD2F7C0 Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
PUZZLE NUMBER 10    More Fun with Z-DNA
 
Chen (32) reported that methylated=20 poly(dC.dG)2 existed in the Z form at both low and high salt = concentrations, and=20 that both of these forms were interconvertible into a B form at = intermediate=20 salt concentrations.

A rather similar sequence of interconversions, of = Z to A and=20 then on to a further Z form was reported by Wu & Behe (33) as they = raised=20 the salt concentration monotonically from low to high values in their=20 study.

Are we to consider that all of these = interconvertible=20 transitions were of left going to right and then back to left-handed = forms as=20 the salt concentration was raised ?

In Puzzle #8, The Crystallographers' Paradox, we = saw how the=20 proposition that Z, A and B forms had the same helical handedness = allowed an=20 explanation of the results of fibre transitions of B to Z, and also = those of=20 Miller et al. (Puzzle #9) for the much accelerated B to Z transition = with DNA=20 when around nucleosomal cores.

For Refs. 32 and 33 we can consider as a working = hypothesis=20 that there are several right-handed "Z" forms (both based on Hoogsteen = pairing),=20 rather as there are several right-handed forms (A & B) based on = Watson-Crick=20 pairing, and it is one of these several Z forms which lie on each side = of the B=20 and A forms reported respectively in Refs. 32 and 33.

---------------------------------------------

32 Conformational Lability of Poly(dG.5 methyl = dC); Fu-Ming=20 Chen; Nucl Acids Res Vol 14 (1986) 5081 - 5097

33 Salt-induced Z-A-Z transition sequence in the = mixed=20 ribo-deoxyribo copolymer poly (rG-dC); H.-Y. Wu & M.J. Behe; Proc = Nat Acad=20 Sci (USA) Vol 81 (1984) 7284 - 7287


Clive Delmonte
 
For a view of all the DNA Structure Puzzles
and the DNA = publications,=20 please refer to:
http://www.c-i-delmonte.= freeserve.co.uk
 
------=_NextPart_000_0013_01BF3E80.7CD2F7C0-- From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Sun Dec 05 16:50:15 1999 Path: hgmp.mrc.ac.uk!server1.netnews.ja.net!fu-berlin.de!news.idt.net!hermes.visi.com!news-out.visi.com!news.maxwell.syr.edu!nntp2.deja.com!nnrp1.deja.com!not-for-mail From: bettenz@my-deja.com Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: BIOTECHNOLOGY in EUROPE Date: Sun, 05 Dec 1999 16:41:17 GMT Organization: Deja.com - Before you buy. Lines: 17 Message-ID: <82e4jd$plc$1@nnrp1.deja.com> NNTP-Posting-Host: 212.55.179.219 X-Article-Creation-Date: Sun Dec 05 16:41:17 1999 GMT X-Http-User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.0; Windows 98; DigExt) X-Http-Proxy: 1.1 x39.deja.com:80 (Squid/1.1.22) for client 212.55.179.219 X-MyDeja-Info: XMYDJUIDbettenz Xref: hgmp.mrc.ac.uk bionet.biophysics:242 I want to start my own biotechnology/microbiology company. I am looking for partners in Europe (preferably in Portugal or Spain). Please feel free to contact me. Thank you very much. bettenz@my-deja.com Sent via Deja.com http://www.deja.com/ Before you buy. From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Sun Dec 05 19:07:46 1999 Path: hgmp.mrc.ac.uk!server1.netnews.ja.net!fu-berlin.de!uni-berlin.de!pc207-60.biochem.uni-potsdam.DE!not-for-mail From: Frank Fuerst Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Re: stereospecificity Date: Sun, 05 Dec 1999 20:11:38 +0100 Organization: =?iso-8859-1?Q?Universit=E4t?= Potsdam Lines: 37 Message-ID: <82ed5u$2lsfd$1@fu-berlin.de> References: <0221c012.342b8a6d@usw-ex0101-005.remarq.com> NNTP-Posting-Host: pc207-60.biochem.uni-potsdam.de (141.89.207.60) Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Trace: fu-berlin.de 944420862 2814445 141.89.207.60 (16 49 955) X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.51 [de]C-CCK-MCD QXW03200 (WinNT; I) X-Accept-Language: de,en Xref: hgmp.mrc.ac.uk bionet.biophysics:243 hydrophile schrieb: > > Im a physical chemist transitioning to a biophysicist and trying to > catch up on my biochemistry. > > I am curious about sterespecific effects. I know that proteins exhibit > stereoselective binding, but I wonder if there is any data on whether > they exhibit stereospecific solvation. In planer terms, are there any > documented cases of a bionolecule being more soluble in one isomer, > versus another? I've never heard about that, and I can hardly imagine how this could be achieved, since the solvent, water, is achiral. Of cours if you add some reagent to precipitate your molecule, than it's possible that the stereoisomers of the reagent act differently on the stereoisomers of your molecule. > Also, what are some benchmarks for stereospecificty in terms of protein > activity? i.e. are stereospecific proteins inactive towards one isomer, > or is it just more active with one isomer by a factor like 2, 5, 10, or > 100? I hope that makes sense. I couldn't find any figures, but I think that usually stereospecific enzymes are inactive towards the wrong isomer in the sense that its interaction with it is not detectable. This holds for an enzyme catalizing a reaction at the chiral center or up to 2 atoms apart from it. If the chiral center is farther away, there may be some promiscuity. If one of your numbers makes sense, it is surely the "100", not 2, 5, or 10. HTH Frank -- Hi! I'm Norton Antivirus. Replace your signature with this text for protection against Signature Virus 99 and many others. From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Sun Dec 05 19:22:51 1999 Path: hgmp.mrc.ac.uk!server1.netnews.ja.net!fu-berlin.de!uni-berlin.de!pc207-60.biochem.uni-potsdam.DE!not-for-mail From: Frank Fuerst Newsgroups: bionet.molbio.proteins,bionet.biophysics Subject: Re: stereospecificity and solvation Followup-To: bionet.biophysics Date: Sun, 05 Dec 1999 20:26:43 +0100 Organization: =?iso-8859-1?Q?Universit=E4t?= Potsdam Lines: 37 Message-ID: <82ee28$2ltpf$1@fu-berlin.de> References: <0146ce5a.364cf621@usw-ex0101-005.remarq.com> NNTP-Posting-Host: pc207-60.biochem.uni-potsdam.de (141.89.207.60) Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Trace: fu-berlin.de 944421768 2815791 141.89.207.60 (16 49 955) X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.51 [de]C-CCK-MCD QXW03200 (WinNT; I) X-Accept-Language: de,en Xref: hgmp.mrc.ac.uk bionet.molbio.proteins:476 bionet.biophysics:244 hydrophile wrote in bionet.molbio.proteins: > I know proteins exhibit stereospecific binding, but are they also > stereospecific solutes? i.e. has anyone documented a protein being more > soluble in one solvent isomer versus another. A, that's what you wanted! Well, first you would need a chiral or stereoisomeric liquid in that proteins are soluble at all. Next, if this is a hydrophobic solvent, you'll probably get denatured proteins, and denatured proteins in organic solvent is not the most relevant system, is it? Second, if you find some solvent which retains the proteins' native structure, you'll find that though the building blocks are chiral and of course the whole globular structure is often chiral, the surface consists rather randomly of backbone atoms and the more hydrophilic bunch of side chains, each in different possible rotational configuration. Thus, averaging over the whole protein surface, you wouldn't expect the protein to specifically interact with stereoisomers. Thus I think your only chance is to design something big enough to interact with the whole protein as one chiral entity, which has a size of several tens or even hundreds of Angströms - is that a solvent? Or you can build something that specifically interacts with some characteristic form on the protein surface, with a binding pocket or similar forms - but then it's not solvation, rather specific binding. X-Posted to bionet.biophysics where you posted your longer question, and Follow-up-to set. Frank -- Hi! I'm Norton Antivirus. Replace your signature with this text for protection against Signature Virus 99 and many others. From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Tue Dec 07 01:38:00 1999 Path: hgmp.mrc.ac.uk!server1.netnews.ja.net!fu-berlin.de!news.maxwell.syr.edu!newsfeed.enteract.com!chicago-news-feed1.bbnplanet.com!news.gtei.net!uwm.edu!biosci!YUPIMAIL.COM!merchant78 From: merchant78@YUPIMAIL.COM Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Real Time E-Commerce $39.95/mo!!! 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From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Tue Dec 07 16:10:41 1999 Path: hgmp.mrc.ac.uk!guardian!warwick!server1.netnews.ja.net!fu-berlin.de!news-peer.gip.net!news.gsl.net!gip.net!news.idt.net!nntp.farm.idt.net!news From: "NDRI/HBDI" Newsgroups: alt.bio.technology,alt.bio.technology.misc,bionet,bionet.biology,bionet.biophysics,bionet.cellbiol Subject: Autopsy, Surgical Discard and Transplantation Tissues for Now Available for Research Date: Tue, 7 Dec 1999 09:14:51 -0500 Organization: IDT (Best News In The World) Lines: 16 Message-ID: <82j4qh$el6@nnrp2.farm.idt.net> NNTP-Posting-Host: ppp-23.ts-1.ph.idt.net X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Newsreader: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2615.200 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2615.200 Xref: hgmp.mrc.ac.uk alt.bio.technology:77 alt.bio.technology.misc:66 bionet.biophysics:247 bionet.cellbiol:801 See www.ndri.com for access to human tissues and organs for medical researchers See www.hbdi.org for information about family collections containing DNA and immortalized cells - over 600 families - for medical and genetic researchers NDRI and HBDI are non-profit organizations aiding medical research and the search for disease genes. From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Tue Dec 07 16:20:31 1999 Path: hgmp.mrc.ac.uk!server1.netnews.ja.net!fu-berlin.de!news.maxwell.syr.edu!newspeer1.nac.net!netnews.com!news2.euro.net!news.telekabel.nl!not-for-mail From: janssens@telekabel.nl (Sebastiaan Janssens) Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: In need of tropical bird data Date: Tue, 7 Dec 1999 17:04:07 +0100 Organization: TeleKabel Lines: 23 Message-ID: NNTP-Posting-Host: n407.ede.telekabel.euronet.nl X-Trace: news.telekabel.nl 944582602 23786 194.134.152.162 (7 Dec 1999 16:03:22 GMT) NNTP-Posting-Date: 7 Dec 1999 16:03:22 GMT X-Newsreader: MicroPlanet Gravity v2.12 Xref: hgmp.mrc.ac.uk bionet.biophysics:248 L.S. For a little project I'm seeking the a) masses b) wing-areas of the avarage adult individual of the folling 5 tropical birds and 1 mammal. If you have any idea which (online)-resources have this data available, or if you can provide it directly to me, I would be most grateful! 1) SNOWY-HEADED ROBIN CHAT (Cossypha niveicapilla) 2) SCARLET IBIS (Eudocimes ruber) 3) PIED IMPERIAL PIGEON (Ducula bicolor) 4) NICOBAR PIGEON (Caloenas nicobarica) 5) AFRICAN DARTER (Anhinga rufa) 6) LYLEI'S FRUIT BAT (Pteropus lylei) Kind regards, Sebastiaan Janssens From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Thu Dec 09 15:35:12 1999 Path: hgmp.mrc.ac.uk!server1.netnews.ja.net!fu-berlin.de!news.maxwell.syr.edu!colt.net!baron.netcom.net.uk!netcom.net.uk!server3.netnews.ja.net!news.ox.ac.uk!not-for-mail From: =?iso-8859-1?Q?Jes=FAs?= Zurdo Alaguero Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: pH-like effect of Ca2+ on acidic residues Date: Thu, 09 Dec 1999 15:35:00 +0000 Organization: OCMS - University of Oxford Lines: 27 Message-ID: <384FCC24.FC780777@bioch.ox.ac.uk> Reply-To: zurdo@bioch.ox.ac.uk NNTP-Posting-Host: chuchi.ocms.ox.ac.uk Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii; x-mac-type="54455854"; x-mac-creator="4D4F5353" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Trace: news.ox.ac.uk 944753701 21865 163.1.35.189 (9 Dec 1999 15:35:01 GMT) X-Complaints-To: newsmaster@ox.ac.uk NNTP-Posting-Date: 9 Dec 1999 15:35:01 GMT X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.7 (Macintosh; I; PPC) X-Accept-Language: en,es Xref: hgmp.mrc.ac.uk bionet.biophysics:251 Dear readers I have heard about people experiencing effects similar to protonation (low pH) on acidic residues when calcium was added to protein solutions or peptides when studying folding and dynamics of those. Unfortunately I've got stuck searching the literature and I cannot find anything but pure Ca2+ interaction with calcium binding proteins, and I would be interested in a less specific effect. Does anybody know about this, and/or can provide me with any reference, name or whatsoever? Thanks very very much J.Zurdo ____________________________________________________ J. Zurdo New Chemistry Laboratory, OCMS-University of Oxford United Kingdom email: zurdo@bioch.ox.ac.uk Do not add this address to any database ____________________________________________________ From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Sat Dec 11 16:40:37 1999 Path: hgmp.mrc.ac.uk!server1.netnews.ja.net!fu-berlin.de!news-FFM2.ecrc.net!news-MUC.ecrc.net!newsfeed.icl.net!diablo.theplanet.net!news.theplanet.net!newspost.theplanet.net!not-for-mail From: "Clive Delmonte" Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: DNA Structure Puzzle #11 The Unwinding Problem in Solutions Date: Fri, 10 Dec 1999 21:07:01 -0000 Organization: Customer of Planet Online Lines: 147 Message-ID: <82rpvf$l7b$1@news7.svr.pol.co.uk> NNTP-Posting-Host: modem-46.hydrogen.dialup.pol.co.uk Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_000F_01BF4352.80B6B4E0" X-Trace: news7.svr.pol.co.uk 944859951 21739 62.136.0.46 (10 Dec 1999 21:05:51 GMT) NNTP-Posting-Date: 10 Dec 1999 21:05:51 GMT X-Complaints-To: abuse@theplanet.net X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Newsreader: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2014.211 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2014.211 Xref: hgmp.mrc.ac.uk bionet.biophysics:253 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_000F_01BF4352.80B6B4E0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable PUZZLE NUMBER 11 The Unwinding Problem of Duplex DNA in Solutions Alexander & Stacey (34) have reported that duplex DNA will denature and = separate into individual strands at room temperature in dilute aqueous = solutions of urea (less than 0.003%). Aqueous urea is known to break the = hydrogen bonds in base pairs. Another team reported that the relative molecular mass of duplex RNA = could be halved solely by diluting a concentrated aqueous solution with = water alone at room temperature. Heat would not seem to have provided the energy for the denaturation of = these complexes and there seems to be minimal entanglement of the = strands. The difficulty of unwinding a double helix was foreseen some 45 years = ago when Max Delbr=FCck, 1969 Nobel Prizewinner for Molecular Biology, = wrote to his student, Jim Watson in 1953: "These (the two DNA strands) would have to be untwiddled to separate the = threads...In any event, one must postulate that the DNA opens up in some = manner, both for replication and for doing its business otherwise. In = the structure you describe (the double helix) this opening up is opposed = by both the two hydrogen bonds per nucleotide, and by the interlocking = of the helices, and it becomes a very important consideration to find a = way out of this dilemma, or to think of a modification of the structure = that does not involve interlocking." Delbr=FCck's prescience stands out across the years. A true side-by-side model, sketched in Ref 2, and independently reported = by Lee et al. (SCIENCE 244 (1989) 475 - 477 (Figures 3b and 3d)), allows = the strands to drift apart, driven by phosphate ion repulsions and = Brownian motion, after the hydrogen bonding of the base pairs has been = disrupted. -----------------------------------------------=20 34 Recent Work On Nucleic Acids; Contribution by P. Alexander & K.A. = Stacey; Nature Vol 178 (1956) 1320 - 1321 =20 Clive Delmonte For a view of all the DNA Structure Puzzles and the DNA publications, please refer to: http://www.c-i-delmonte.freeserve.co.uk ------=_NextPart_000_000F_01BF4352.80B6B4E0 Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
 
PUZZLE NUMBER = 11

The Unwinding Problem of Duplex DNA in=20 Solutions

 

Alexander & Stacey (34) have reported that = duplex DNA=20 will denature and separate into individual strands at room temperature = in dilute=20 aqueous solutions of urea (less than 0.003%). Aqueous urea is known to = break the=20 hydrogen bonds in base pairs.

Another team reported that the relative molecular = mass of=20 duplex RNA could be halved solely by diluting a concentrated aqueous = solution=20 with water alone at room temperature.

Heat would not seem to have provided the energy = for the=20 denaturation of these complexes and there seems to be minimal = entanglement of=20 the strands.

The difficulty of unwinding a double helix was = foreseen some=20 45 years ago when Max Delbr=FCck, 1969 Nobel Prizewinner for Molecular = Biology,=20 wrote to his student, Jim Watson in 1953:

"These (the two DNA strands) would have to be = untwiddled to=20 separate the threads...In any event, one must postulate that the DNA = opens up in=20 some manner, both for replication and for doing its business otherwise. = In the=20 structure you describe (the double helix) this opening up is opposed by = both the=20 two hydrogen bonds per nucleotide, and by the interlocking of the = helices, and=20 it becomes a very important consideration to find a way out of this = dilemma, or=20 to think of a modification of the structure that does not involve=20 interlocking."

Delbr=FCck's prescience stands out across the=20 years.

A true side-by-side model, sketched in Ref 2, and=20 independently reported by Lee et al. (SCIENCE 244 (1989) 475 - 477 = (Figures 3b=20 and 3d)), allows the strands to drift apart, driven by phosphate ion = repulsions=20 and Brownian motion, after the hydrogen bonding of the base pairs has = been=20 disrupted.

-----------------------------------------------

34 Recent Work On Nucleic Acids; Contribution by = P.=20 Alexander & K.A. Stacey; Nature Vol 178 (1956) 1320 - = 1321

 
Clive Delmonte

 
For a view of all the DNA Structure Puzzles
and the DNA = publications,=20 please refer to:
http://www.c-i-delmonte.= freeserve.co.uk
------=_NextPart_000_000F_01BF4352.80B6B4E0-- From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Wed Dec 15 02:56:18 1999 Path: hgmp.mrc.ac.uk!server1.netnews.ja.net!fu-berlin.de!logbridge.uoregon.edu!news.biu.ac.il!not-for-mail From: "shahar stein" Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Re: Partition / distribution coefficient Date: Tue, 14 Dec 1999 16:11:00 +0200 Organization: Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel Lines: 16 Message-ID: <835j9l$eu2$1@cnn.cc.biu.ac.il> References: <384548B3.2CEE174C@charite.de> NNTP-Posting-Host: ehrenbrg.ph.biu.ac.il X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Newsreader: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2314.1300 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2314.1300 Xref: hgmp.mrc.ac.uk bionet.biophysics:255 No real difference. one is in chemists lang., and one is in physicists lang. in chemistry the units are molar over molar and in physics it is amount of matter over amount of matter. you need the vol. in order to translate. Heike Pospisil wrote in message news:384548B3.2CEE174C@charite.de... > Hello, > > could somebody explain me the diffenence between octanol-water partition > coefficiont (PC) and octanol-water distribution coefficient (DC)? > > Thanks for help > Heike From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Wed Dec 15 08:38:25 1999 Path: hgmp.mrc.ac.uk!server1.netnews.ja.net!fu-berlin.de!cpk-news-hub1.bbnplanet.com!lsanca1-snf1!news.gtei.net!news.netgate.net.nz!news.xtra.co.nz!not-for-mail From: Lynn Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics,bionet.microbiology,sci.bio.microbiology,bionet.cellbiol Subject: Re: Best Science Books Date: Wed, 15 Dec 1999 21:28:48 +1300 Organization: www.topmilk.co.nz Lines: 14 Message-ID: <38575140.44D9@xtra.co.nz> References: <82u3vo$v6l$1@nnrp1.deja.com> Reply-To: kees.lyn@xtra.co.nz NNTP-Posting-Host: 210-55-36-150.dialup.xtra.co.nz Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Trace: titan.xtra.co.nz 945247041 13633442 210.55.36.150 (15 Dec 1999 08:37:21 GMT) X-Complaints-To: abuse@xtra.co.nz NNTP-Posting-Date: 15 Dec 1999 08:37:21 GMT X-Mailer: Mozilla 3.01C-XTRA (Win95; I) Xref: hgmp.mrc.ac.uk bionet.biophysics:256 bionet.microbiology:1226 sci.bio.microbiology:1845 bionet.cellbiol:831 rcc248@my-deja.com wrote: > > There is a better URL than the one Jane previously posted. It is > http://www.geocities.com/gwsciencebooks/index.html > It provides the best-selling books on *various* science subjects. > > -- > > Sent via Deja.com http://www.deja.com/ > Before you buy. Ummmm, I went there and got the message NO such site. maybe the URL was wrong? Lynn From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Wed Dec 15 14:25:23 1999 Path: hgmp.mrc.ac.uk!biosci From: Bill_A_Nussbaumer@ms.bd.com Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Re: Best Science Books Date: 15 Dec 1999 14:25:22 -0000 Organization: MRC Human Genome Mapping Project Resource Centre Lines: 36 Message-ID: <85256848.004F48F0.00@7crmta_md.ms.bd.com> NNTP-Posting-Host: mercury.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii X-Trace: niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk 945267923 5905 193.62.192.80 (15 Dec 1999 14:25:23 GMT) X-Complaints-To: news@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk NNTP-Posting-Date: 15 Dec 1999 14:25:23 GMT Content-Disposition: inline X-Received: from relay.ms.bd.com (mx3.ms.bd.com [198.232.248.43]) by hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id OAA20357; Wed, 15 Dec 1999 14:25:18 GMT X-Received: from 7crsmtp1md.ms.bd.com (7crsmtp1md.ms.bd.com [192.168.24.70]) by relay.ms.bd.com (2.6 Build 1 (Berkeley 8.8.6)/8.8.4) with ESMTP id JAA02639; Wed, 15 Dec 1999 09:24:38 -0500 X-Received: from 7crmta_md.ms.bd.com (7crmtamd.ms.bd.com [172.16.128.23]) by 7crsmtp1md.ms.bd.com (2.6 Build 1 (Berkeley 8.8.6)/8.8.4) with SMTP id JAA02000; Wed, 15 Dec 1999 09:24:46 -0500 X-Received: by 7crmta_md.ms.bd.com(Lotus SMTP MTA v4.6.3 (778.2 1-4-1999)) id 85256848.004F49F2 ; Wed, 15 Dec 1999 09:26:02 -0500 X-Lotus-FromDomain: BDX X-To: biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk, cellbiol@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk, microbio@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Xref: hgmp.mrc.ac.uk bionet.biophysics:257 Bill A Nussbaumer@BDX 12/15/99 09:24 AM Worked for me. Bill rcc248@my-deja.com wrote: > > There is a better URL than the one Jane previously posted. It is > http://www.geocities.com/gwsciencebooks/index.html > It provides the best-selling books on *various* science subjects. > > -- > > Sent via Deja.com http://www.deja.com/ > Before you buy. Ummmm, I went there and got the message NO such site. maybe the URL was wrong? Lynn --- From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Wed Dec 15 16:37:27 1999 Path: hgmp.mrc.ac.uk!server1.netnews.ja.net!fu-berlin.de!zrz.TU-Berlin.DE!not-for-mail From: Rafael Jordan Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Ausschreibung einer Stelle mit der Moeglichkeit zur Promotion Date: Wed, 15 Dec 1999 17:38:25 +0100 Organization: Technical University Berlin, Germany Lines: 17 Message-ID: Reply-To: raffcjab@sp.zrz.tu-berlin.de NNTP-Posting-Host: else.chem.tu-berlin.de Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Newsreader: Forte Agent 1.6/32.525 Xref: hgmp.mrc.ac.uk bionet.biophysics:258 Am Max-Volmer-Institut der TU Berlin ist im Rahmen des Sonderforschungsbereichs 498 "Protein-Kofaktor-Wechselwirkungen in biologischen Prozessen" im Teilprojekt A1 (Struktur-und Funktionsuntersuchungen am Photosystem I) eine Stelle für eine/n wissenschaftlichen Mitarbeiter/in (BAT IIa, halbtags) zu besetzen. In Kombination von gezielter Mutagenese, biochemischen Methoden und optischer Spektroskopie sollen Struktur-Funktionsbeziehungen im Photosystem I untersucht werden. Die Moeglichkeit zur Promotion ist gegeben. Einstellungsvoraussetzung ist ein abgeschlossenes Hochschulstudium in Biologie, Biochemie, Chemie, oder Physik. Gute Kenntnisse und Erfahrungen in einem der o.g. Arbeitsgebiete (bevorzugt Molekularbiologie) sind erwünscht. Anfragen und Bewerbungen an Dr. Petra Fromme (e-mail: fromme@phosis1.chem.tu-berlin.de, Tel.: (030)31425580) oder Dr. Eberhard Schlodder (e.schl@struktur.chem.tu-berlin.de) From owner-biophysics@net.bio.net Wed Dec 15 19:38:23 1999 Path: hgmp.mrc.ac.uk!server1.netnews.ja.net!fu-berlin.de!news.maxwell.syr.edu!east1.newsfeed.sprint-canada.net!tor-nx1.netcom.ca!tor-nn1.netcom.ca.POSTED!not-for-mail From: "David Lloyd-Jones" Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics,bionet.microbiology,sci.bio.microbiology,bionet.cellbiol References: <82u3vo$v6l$1@nnrp1.deja.com> <38575140.44D9@xtra.co.nz> Subject: Re: Best Science Books Lines: 24 X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Newsreader: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2314.1300 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2314.1300 Message-ID: Date: Wed, 15 Dec 1999 14:23:26 -0500 NNTP-Posting-Host: 207.181.83.42 X-Complaints-To: abuse@netcom.ca X-Trace: tor-nn1.netcom.ca 945286699 207.181.83.42 (Wed, 15 Dec 1999 14:38:19 EDT) NNTP-Posting-Date: Wed, 15 Dec 1999 14:38:19 EDT Organization: Netcom Canada Xref: hgmp.mrc.ac.uk bionet.biophysics:259 bionet.microbiology:1231 sci.bio.microbiology:1850 bionet.cellbiol:832 Lynn wrote > rcc248@my-deja.com wrote: > > There is a better URL than the one Jane previously posted. It is > > http://www.geocities.com/gwsciencebooks/index.html > > It provides the best-selling books on *various* science subjects. > > > Ummmm, I went there and got the message NO such site. maybe the URL was > wrong? > Lynn I went to the one that started this thread and found a really shoddy array of Barnes and Noble junk, of which maybe a third could be called science, the rest being mysticism, journalism, and pseudo-scientific mumble. I have no objection to people putting their name to a collection of their favourite books and putting them out in a B&N/Amazon sidewalk sale to make a few bucks. But if you're going to push something as a science site you have an obligation to get some sort of clue about science. -dlj. From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Thu Dec 16 23:22:49 1999 Return-Path: Received: by mercury.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (Postfix, from userid 110) id 5378717A97; Thu, 16 Dec 1999 23:22:49 +0000 (GMT) Received: from niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (niobium [193.62.192.41]) by hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id XAA06305 for ; Thu, 16 Dec 1999 23:22:46 GMT Received: (from news@localhost) by niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3+Sun/8.8.8) id XAA19762 for biophys-list@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk; Thu, 16 Dec 1999 23:22:45 GMT X-Authentication-Warning: niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk: news set sender to using -f From: giftidea@imas.imim.es X-Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: ==> > "D E A D L I N E" is Dec 20th, New Technology!!! < <== Date: 16 Dec 1999 23:22:44 -0000 Organization: MRC Human Genome Mapping Project Resource Centre Lines: 229 Message-ID: <199912162320.IAA0000021177@sgt.co.kr> X-Trace: niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk 945386564 19760 193.62.192.80 (16 Dec 1999 23:22:44 GMT) X-Complaints-To: news@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk X-Received: from sgt.co.kr ([210.91.16.2]) by hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id XAA06285 for ; Thu, 16 Dec 1999 23:22:34 GMT X-Received: by sgt.co.kr id IAA0000021177; Fri, 17 Dec 1999 08:20:42 +0900 (KST) X-Reply-To: giftidea@imas.imim.es X-To: giftidea@imas.imim.es To: biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Sender: owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Precedence: bulk "We won't promise you that you'll save thousands of dollars or that your car will have more horsepower.... 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I have documentation which I'll send with my next order!" -- Norm Hoefs Business Owner - Norm's Foreign Cars North Dakota ========================================================== Look, you have a lot of money invested in your car or truck. You depend on your vehicle to perform everyday without any problems. Doesn't it make sense to at least take a look at some technology that could up to triple the return of your investment? (Up to triple the life of your car or truck!) It's no news to you that your local auto parts retailer has literally hundreds of car-care products from which you can choose. You've also seen the commercials on late night TV and you've read the articles about these so-called "snake-oil" sales people. Can you believe everything you see, or is it just a lot of smoke and mirrors, advertising hype and paid professional acting? There are companies playing on people's ignorance of engine mechanical principles of how they work. 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Needless to say, I am very impressed, and will be recommending the products to everyone I meet. Thanks for a great product!" -- Ken Strain West Hills, California ========================================================= * UP TO 30% MORE HORSEPOWER!!! * UP TO 30% MORE MILES PER GALLON!!! You get a RISK FREE opportunity to evaluate this incredible breakthrough in engine technology. The Ultimate Car-Care package will give your car or truck protection to last up to triple its normal life. The Ultimate Car-Care package gives you peace of mind when your away on road trips that mechanically, your drivetrain is protected! The Ultimate Car-Care package saves you money at the gas pump by giving your car or truck up to 30% better fuel economy. Order Ultimate Car-Care Package today and: * increase the value of your vehicle. * pay yourself with fuel savings with every fillup. 30 Day Satisfaction Guarantee The Ultimate Car-Care package contains: 1 - Kinetic Energy Formula (A special blend designed for the engine, transmission, differential & power steering. Greatly reduces operating temperature. Power that was used fighting friction is now turned into kinetic energy providing UP TO 30% MORE HORSEPOWER!) 2 - Kinetic Octane/Cetane Charge (You'll make money with every fill-up using the least expensive fuel and this product. Get better gas mileage and performance. Experience more horsepower for climbing hills and passing cars! It's like nitrous oxide for your fuel system!) 3 - Waterless Ultra Shine (A specialize treatment removes oxidized paint and protects surface from the harsh road elements without the use of water.) 4 - Leather, Vinyl, Rubber Rejuvenator (A specialize treatment that provides long-lasting protection from sun, dirt and other elements that take the life out of your valuable possessions. Will not attract dust or crack dashboard. 5 - New Battery Technology (Get faster more reliable starts. Prevents corrosion and makes battery and cables last longer.) --- From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Fri Dec 17 03:25:49 1999 Return-Path: Received: by mercury.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (Postfix, from userid 110) id 7A76C17AA9; Fri, 17 Dec 1999 03:25:41 +0000 (GMT) Received: from niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (niobium [193.62.192.41]) by hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id DAA18908 for ; Fri, 17 Dec 1999 03:25:39 GMT Received: (from news@localhost) by niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3+Sun/8.8.8) id DAA22679 for biophys-list@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk; Fri, 17 Dec 1999 03:25:38 GMT X-Authentication-Warning: niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk: news set sender to using -f From: yOVujDcT X-Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Date: 17 Dec 1999 03:02:26 GMT Organization: yOVujDcT Lines: 334 Message-ID: <83c942$p3h$1@nslave1.tin.it> X-Newsreader: yOVujDcT To: biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Sender: owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Precedence: bulk XOOM.it Servizi Iscritti: root


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From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Fri Dec 17 08:48:53 1999 Return-Path: Received: by mercury.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (Postfix, from userid 110) id ED0E517AA6; Fri, 17 Dec 1999 08:48:52 +0000 (GMT) Received: from niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (niobium [193.62.192.41]) by hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id IAA10041 for ; Fri, 17 Dec 1999 08:48:50 GMT Received: (from news@localhost) by niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3+Sun/8.8.8) id IAA26406 for biophys-list@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk; Fri, 17 Dec 1999 08:48:48 GMT X-Authentication-Warning: niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk: news set sender to using -f From: "Clive Delmonte" X-Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: DNA Structure Puzzle # 12 Date: Fri, 17 Dec 1999 08:50:40 -0000 Organization: Customer of Planet Online Lines: 61 Message-ID: <83ctco$uqf$1@newsg4.svr.pol.co.uk> X-Trace: newsg4.svr.pol.co.uk 945420504 31567 62.136.45.90 (17 Dec 1999 08:48:24 GMT) X-Complaints-To: abuse@theplanet.net X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Newsreader: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2014.211 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2014.211 To: biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Sender: owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Precedence: bulk PUZZLE NUMBER 12 The Action of an Endonuclease on DNA Talking about the behaviour of DNA in solution (Puzzle #11) brings us naturally to its behaviour in solution with nucleases. Many teams have reported their studies of the cutting of naked, linear duplex DNA with the general nuclease DNAase 1 in solution (for example, 35 & 36). All these researchers report that the cutting is highly regular in every study, and that the recurrent regularity consists of the appearance of fragments forming a ladder, usually, in 10 bp steps, that is, successive cutting is concentrated at intervals of one pitch. It has been supposed that the preferred cutting sites of general nucleases are related to the base sequence, with sequence-dependent variations in in groove widths leading to preferred sites for DNAase 1. The problem with this explanation is that all the base sequences in the studies referred to here are highly irregular, whereas the preferred cutting sites are just the opposite - they are highly regular. In each of the studies cited here, where the sequences are highly irregular and where the duplex DNA is supposed to be a cylindrically symmetrical double helix, and which is equally accessible in solution from every side, why would the preferred cutting sites be highly regular across all the studies and all the individual molecules and not random ? It seems evident that the highly regular preferred cutting sites cannot be related in a fundamental way to the irregular base sequence, but must be related to the overall structure of the duplex. In a double helix of irregular base sequence, DNAase 1 would be able to cut at irregular sites if the base sequence was of importance to a general nuclease. But suppose that the duplex DNA structure was that sketched in Ref. 37, namely a true side-by-side duplex. Then the nuclease could only cut on the front face, rear face or to the side, depending upon the structure of the DNAase 1 binding and cutting domains. The observed regularity of cutting would be largely determined by the overall geometry of the duplex. For reasons set out fully in 37 (Chapter 11), DNAase 1 seems to bind to the front face of the duplex, but cut to one side. ------------------------------------------------- 35 DNA Bending and its Relation to Nucleosome Positioning; H.R. Drew & A.A. Travers; J Mol Biol Vol 186 (1984) 773 - 790 36 DNA Sequence Preferences for an Intercalating Porphyrin Compound Revealed by Footprinting; K. Ford et al.; Nucl Acids Res Vol 15 (1987) 2221 - 2234 37 Towards a New Structural Molecular Biology by Clive Delmonte (1991) ISBN 0 9512276 0 2 Clive Delmonte For a view of all the DNA Structure Puzzles and the DNA publications, please refer to: http://www.c-i-delmonte.freeserve.co.uk From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Sun Dec 19 03:35:08 1999 Return-Path: Received: by mercury.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (Postfix, from userid 110) id 463D217A7B; Sun, 19 Dec 1999 03:35:08 +0000 (GMT) Received: from niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (niobium [193.62.192.41]) by hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id DAA25497 for ; Sun, 19 Dec 1999 03:35:06 GMT Received: (from news@localhost) by niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3+Sun/8.8.8) id DAA13903 for biophys-list@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk; Sun, 19 Dec 1999 03:35:05 GMT X-Authentication-Warning: niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk: news set sender to using -f From: kofi@idirect.ca X-Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: job posting Message-ID: <385c7ab0.109953598@n3.idirect.com> X-Newsreader: Forte Free Agent 1.11/32.235 Lines: 32 Date: Sun, 19 Dec 1999 03:30:33 GMT X-Complaints-To: abuse@idirect.com X-Trace: quark.idirect.com 945574233 216.154.24.101 (Sat, 18 Dec 1999 22:30:33 EST) Organization: Internet Direct - http://www.mydirect.com To: biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Sender: owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Precedence: bulk Job Posting for Clinical Chemistry /Immunochemistry / Endocrinology Expert A biotechnology company in Toronto, Ontario, Canada seeks a full time or part-time or consultant with Clinical Chemistry or Immunochemistry or in Endocrinology person experience. The firm has developed a device to detect ovulation, pregnancy, fertility, menopause, contraception, and various diseases. The successful applicant will further develop the biologically active compounds that interact specifically with these targets. The responsibilities are design, develop, and evaluate biological activities of immunomodulators in vitro and develop biophysical methods of registrations of biological signals in vitro. Experience with human and animal proteins, LH, HCG, FSH, Inhibin B, cervical mucus, density, viscosity, Estrogen, and Progesterone is necessary. Will design and develop microbiological quantitative assay strips (sensors) for express control of antibiotics, immunochemical sensors to determine antigens and antibodies in biological fluids and solutions. Experience may cover biological sensor such as amperometric sensor, photometric sensors, and smart quantitative immunoassay strips. Must have experience in designing and developing Biosensors, evaluating biological activities of immunomodulators in vitro; biochemistry, immunology and cellular biology; and developing biophysical methods of registrations of biological signals in vitro (cellular an immunochemical sensors). Contact: Dr. Kofi From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Sun Dec 19 14:00:21 1999 Return-Path: Received: by mercury.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (Postfix, from userid 110) id 08AB617A5F; Sun, 19 Dec 1999 14:00:20 +0000 (GMT) Received: from niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (niobium [193.62.192.41]) by hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id OAA22288; Sun, 19 Dec 1999 14:00:16 GMT Received: (from news@localhost) by niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3+Sun/8.8.8) id OAA24715; Sun, 19 Dec 1999 14:00:15 GMT X-Authentication-Warning: niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk: news set sender to using -f From: cohen_bob@hotmail.com X-Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics,bionet.microbiology,bionet.molbio,alt.brain Subject: book question Date: Sun, 19 Dec 1999 13:47:50 GMT Organization: ibm Lines: 14 Message-ID: <83inm6$6gt$1@nnrp1.deja.com> X-Article-Creation-Date: Sun Dec 19 13:47:50 1999 GMT X-Http-User-Agent: Mozilla/4.03 [en] (Win95; I) X-Http-Proxy: 1.0 x21.deja.com:80 (Squid/1.1.22) for client 146.203.100.228 X-MyDeja-Info: XMYDJUIDbobcohen2587 To: biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk, microbio@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Sender: owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Precedence: bulk I recently bought a delightful science book The Bible According to Einstein for my cousin and myself. I wanted to buy him another science book for Christmas. The Dancing Wu Li Masters was also on the best selling list of physics books at barnesandnoble.com. Is this book real science or some confused version of philosophy? Can someone tell me? --Bob Sent via Deja.com http://www.deja.com/ Before you buy. From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Mon Dec 20 01:21:20 1999 Return-Path: Received: by mercury.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (Postfix, from userid 110) id 72A2417A59; Mon, 20 Dec 1999 01:21:19 +0000 (GMT) Received: from niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (niobium [193.62.192.41]) by hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id BAA18847 for ; Mon, 20 Dec 1999 01:21:16 GMT Received: (from news@localhost) by niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3+Sun/8.8.8) id BAA11050 for biophys-list@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk; Mon, 20 Dec 1999 01:21:15 GMT X-Authentication-Warning: niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk: news set sender to using -f From: andreas momber X-Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: research position Date: Mon, 20 Dec 1999 12:21:23 +1100 Organization: Swinburne University of Technology Lines: 21 Message-ID: <385D8493.E4D577E2@iris.swin.edu.au> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Trace: lucille.cc.swin.edu.au 945652836 23935 136.186.89.250 (20 Dec 1999 01:20:36 GMT) X-Complaints-To: abuse@swin.edu.au X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.51 [en] (WinNT; I) X-Accept-Language: en To: biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Sender: owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Precedence: bulk Research in bio-micro-engineering The candidate. We are looking for a person with proven research capabilities in the area of bio-micro-engineering. An education background in Biophyiscs or/and Microelectronic Engineering applied to Life Sciences is required. Essential technical capabilities: hands-on experience with confocal microscopy and/or SPM methods applied to life sciences with track record in publications. Knowledge in any of the areas of microfabrication, computer simulations (e.g. molecular modelling and/or bio-CFD) and microcircuit design, would be a plus. The candidate should be a self-committed starter and ready to relocate to Melbourne Australia. Rank is open up to Senior Lecturer level (but we have a slight preference for appointing at postdoctoral level). Appointment is available starting from April 2000. Contact: A/Prof. Dan Nicolau Industrial Research Institute Swinburne Swinburne University of Technology PO Box 218, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia ph +61-392145038 (work); +61-398130362 (home); fax +61-392145050 e-mail: dnicolau@swin.edu.au From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Mon Dec 20 21:06:52 1999 Return-Path: Received: by mercury.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (Postfix, from userid 110) id 3ED4717A61; Mon, 20 Dec 1999 21:06:52 +0000 (GMT) Received: from niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (niobium [193.62.192.41]) by hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id VAA06457 for ; Mon, 20 Dec 1999 21:06:49 GMT Received: (from news@localhost) by niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3+Sun/8.8.8) id VAA25856 for biophys-list@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk; Mon, 20 Dec 1999 21:06:49 GMT X-Authentication-Warning: niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk: news set sender to using -f From: vakseri@musc.edu (Ilya Vakser) X-Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Postdoc in Protein Modeling and Bioinformatics Date: 20 Dec 1999 21:06:47 -0000 Organization: MRC Human Genome Mapping Project Resource Centre Lines: 24 Message-ID: <385E9A8D.291C9919@musc.edu> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Trace: niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk 945724008 25854 193.62.192.80 (20 Dec 1999 21:06:48 GMT) X-Complaints-To: news@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk X-Received: from revere3.musc.edu (revere3.musc.edu [128.23.203.10]) by hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id VAA06449 for ; Mon, 20 Dec 1999 21:06:45 GMT X-Received: from musc.edu ([128.23.81.55]) by revere3.musc.edu (8.8.8/8.8.8) with ESMTP id QAA10617 for ; Mon, 20 Dec 1999 16:06:43 -0500 (EST) X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.7 [en] (Win95; I) X-Accept-Language: en X-To: biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk To: biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Sender: owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Precedence: bulk POSTDOC IN PROTEIN MODELING AND BIOINFORMATICS Applications are invited for a postdoctoral position in my laboratory at the Medical University of South Carolina. The main subjects of the research in the laboratory are computational studies of molecular recognition and the development of docking methodology for structural bioinformatics. For more information, see the lab's web site at http://reco3.musc.edu. Programming skills in C are required. The position is available immediately. To apply send or email a letter and CV with names of 3 referees. Ilya A. Vakser Assistant Professor of Pharmacology Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology Medical University of South Carolina 173 Ashley Avenue, POBox 250505 Charleston, SC 29425 Email: vakseri@musc.edu, Phone:(843)792-2471, Fax:(843)792-2475 --- From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Mon Dec 20 22:48:53 1999 Return-Path: Received: by mercury.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (Postfix, from userid 110) id 29EB217A60; Mon, 20 Dec 1999 22:48:52 +0000 (GMT) Received: from niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (niobium [193.62.192.41]) by hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id WAA19518 for ; Mon, 20 Dec 1999 22:48:51 GMT Received: (from news@localhost) by niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3+Sun/8.8.8) id WAA05286 for biophys-list@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk; Mon, 20 Dec 1999 22:48:50 GMT X-Authentication-Warning: niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk: news set sender to using -f From: mike@allstarmultimedia.com (mike) X-Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: FREE LONG DISTANCE IN USA Date: 20 Dec 1999 22:48:48 -0000 Organization: All star multimedia Lines: 12 Message-ID: <199912202248.OAA04916@corpmail1.jps.net> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Trace: niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk 945730129 5283 193.62.192.80 (20 Dec 1999 22:48:49 GMT) X-Complaints-To: news@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk X-Received: from corpmail1.jps.net (corpmail1.jps.net [209.63.224.250]) by hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id WAA19509 for ; Mon, 20 Dec 1999 22:48:45 GMT X-Received: from p400 (216-119-34-22.o1.jps.net [216.119.34.22]) by corpmail1.jps.net (8.9.0/8.8.5) with SMTP id OAA04916 for ; Mon, 20 Dec 1999 14:48:24 -0800 (PST) X-To: X-Reply-To: teresa@allstarmultimedia.com X-Priority: 3 To: biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Sender: owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Precedence: bulk This may be of interest to your members FREE LONG DISTANCE ANY WHERE IN THE USA. 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ALL INTERNATIONAL CALLS 65 TO 80% LESS THAN YOU PAY NOW. www.allstarmultimedia.com/italk.htm --- From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Tue Dec 21 13:03:46 1999 Return-Path: Received: by mercury.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (Postfix, from userid 110) id 2925017AF1; Tue, 21 Dec 1999 13:03:41 +0000 (GMT) Received: from niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (niobium [193.62.192.41]) by hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id NAA18050; Tue, 21 Dec 1999 13:03:17 GMT Received: (from news@localhost) by niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3+Sun/8.8.8) id NAA16380; Tue, 21 Dec 1999 13:03:14 GMT X-Authentication-Warning: niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk: news set sender to using -f From: "Sabine" X-Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics,bionet.microbiology,bionet.molbio,alt.brain Subject: Re: book question Date: Mon, 20 Dec 1999 17:16:07 -0800 Organization: MindSpring Enterprises Lines: 38 Message-ID: <83mkgs$9t1$1@nntp3.atl.mindspring.net> References: <83inm6$6gt$1@nnrp1.deja.com> X-Server-Date: 21 Dec 1999 01:18:20 GMT X-Newsreader: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.3110.5 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3110.3 To: biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk, microbio@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Sender: owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Precedence: bulk The Dancing Wu Li Masters is one of my favorite books. 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From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Wed Dec 22 00:50:18 1999 Return-Path: Received: by mercury.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (Postfix, from userid 110) id C722617A78; Wed, 22 Dec 1999 00:50:17 +0000 (GMT) Received: from niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (niobium [193.62.192.41]) by hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id AAA21231; Wed, 22 Dec 1999 00:50:14 GMT Received: (from news@localhost) by niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3+Sun/8.8.8) id AAA03633; Wed, 22 Dec 1999 00:50:13 GMT X-Authentication-Warning: niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk: news set sender to using -f From: qnguyen@uci.edu (Quoc Thang Nguyen) X-Newsgroups: bionet.neuroscience,bionet.biophysics Subject: LabView used in electrophysiology Date: Wed, 22 Dec 99 00:44:08 GMT Organization: University of California Irvine Lines: 22 Message-ID: <83p6s2$e5v$1@news.service.uci.edu> X-Newsreader: News Xpress Version 1.0 Beta #3 To: biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk, neur-sci@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Sender: owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Precedence: bulk Hi to all, Is there anyone (especially electrophysiologists) using LabView here? What are the pros/cons? 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If you are reading this text, you may want to consider changing to a mail reader or gateway that understands how to properly handle MIME multipart messages. --=_247D71E6.CBAAC637 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Disposition: inline ** High Priority ** We have immediate openings for graduate students in the program of = Radiological Sciences at UT-Southwestern Medcal Center in Dallas. This = includes opportunities for development of new physiological indicators and = contrast agents. Investigations of tumor physiology during growth and = response to therapy. Development of novel instrumentation in NMR, PET and = SPECT imaging. Further details may be found on our new web pages. http://swnt240.swmed.edu/radiologicalsc/ ******************************** RALPH P. MASON, Ph.D., C. Chem. 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--- From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Thu Dec 23 12:10:10 1999 Return-Path: Received: by mercury.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (Postfix, from userid 110) id B927A17A92; Thu, 23 Dec 1999 12:10:09 +0000 (GMT) Received: from niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (niobium [193.62.192.41]) by hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id MAA00822; Thu, 23 Dec 1999 12:10:06 GMT Received: (from news@localhost) by niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3+Sun/8.8.8) id MAA09819; Thu, 23 Dec 1999 12:10:05 GMT X-Authentication-Warning: niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk: news set sender to using -f From: nospamplease.plebrun@fysp1.vub.ac.be (Philippe Lebrun) X-Newsgroups: bionet.neuroscience,bionet.biophysics Subject: Re: LabView used in electrophysiology Date: 23 Dec 1999 12:09:58 GMT Organization: Brussels Free Universities VUB/ULB Lines: 14 Message-ID: <83t3em$djg$1@mach.vub.ac.be> References: <83p6s2$e5v$1@news.service.uci.edu> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii X-Newsreader: knews 0.9.8 To: biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk, neur-sci@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Sender: owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Precedence: bulk In article <83p6s2$e5v$1@news.service.uci.edu>, qnguyen@uci.edu (Quoc Thang Nguyen) writes: > Hi to all, > > Is there anyone (especially electrophysiologists) using > LabView here? > > What are the pros/cons? Pro: Powerful, flexible, easy to learn Con: expensive (both hardware and software) -philippe From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Fri Dec 24 11:06:36 1999 Return-Path: Received: by mercury.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (Postfix, from userid 110) id 58E0117A6C; Fri, 24 Dec 1999 11:06:35 +0000 (GMT) Received: from niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (niobium [193.62.192.41]) by hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id LAA04741 for ; Fri, 24 Dec 1999 11:06:33 GMT Received: (from news@localhost) by niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3+Sun/8.8.8) id LAA07952 for biophys-list@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk; Fri, 24 Dec 1999 11:06:32 GMT X-Authentication-Warning: niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk: news set sender to using -f From: "Clive Delmonte" X-Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: DNA Structure Puzzle # 13 Date: Thu, 23 Dec 1999 18:49:56 -0000 Organization: Customer of Planet Online Lines: 50 Message-ID: <83vk3k$gbl$1@news8.svr.pol.co.uk> X-Trace: news8.svr.pol.co.uk 946033588 16757 62.136.8.240 (24 Dec 1999 11:06:28 GMT) X-Complaints-To: abuse@theplanet.net X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Newsreader: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2014.211 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2014.211 To: biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Sender: owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Precedence: bulk PUZZLE NUMBER 13 The Cleavage of DNA on Nucleosomal Core Histones Lohr et al. (38) equilibrated histone cores onto DNA, cleaved the complexes with deoxyribonuclease 1 and resolved the resulting fragments of DNA up to a maximum of some 300 bp. They reported that:: "Since the average size of the nucleosomal repeat in yeast is 160 bp...the presence of discrete, regularly spaced bands between 160 and 300 bases shows that ... there is structural regularity extending over regions much larger than one nucleosomal repeat unit. Even when digestion produces fragments so large that they must have arisen from cleavages within two different nucleosomes, the fragments are still of discrete sizes, spaced at intervals of 10 bases.....The extended ladder is extremely clear and background free." How would deoxyribonuclease 1, cleaving a cylindrically symmetrical double helical DNA within both the linker regions and within the nucleosomal core DNA, always produce fragments related as multiples of 10 bp, in an extended ladder which is extremely clear and free of fragments of any intermediate differences in length ? In the linker DNA, the nuclease would be able to approach the DNA from any azimuthal angle, yet lengths of DNA intermediate between multiples of 10 base pairs, such as 25 or 35 for example, are not found. How can this be possible in a double helix ? The true side-by-side duplex DNA found by Lee et al. (Puzzle #1, Ref. 1), described independently in (37) is not cylindrically symmetrical, but the stacked base pairs are only accessible from one face of the duplex. Cleavage with deoxyribonuclease 1 can only take place in a regular manner producing fragments which are integer multiples of the pitch. Intermediate lengths and cutting at a range of azimuthal angles is not possible with the true side-by-side structure of Lee et al. ----------------------------------------------------- 38 On the Occurrence of Nucleosome Phasing in Chromatin; D. Lohr, K. Tatchell & K.E. van Holde; Cell Vol 12 (1977) 829 - 836 Clive Delmonte For a view of all the DNA Structure Puzzles and the DNA publications, please refer to: http://www.c-i-delmonte.freeserve.co.uk From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Sun Dec 26 11:31:08 1999 Return-Path: Received: by mercury.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (Postfix, from userid 110) id F2CAC17A68; Sun, 26 Dec 1999 11:31:07 +0000 (GMT) Received: from niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (niobium [193.62.192.41]) by hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id LAA14817 for ; Sun, 26 Dec 1999 11:31:06 GMT Received: (from news@localhost) by niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3+Sun/8.8.8) id LAA28450 for biophys-list@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk; Sun, 26 Dec 1999 11:31:05 GMT X-Authentication-Warning: niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk: news set sender to using -f From: "M. Masroor" X-Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: HELP: may you help me? Date: Sun, 26 Dec 1999 15:04:59 +0330 Organization: Isfahan univ. of Technology Lines: 9 Message-ID: <3865FD63.18F9E287@cc.iut.ac.ir> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Trace: news.tht.net 946207862 8232 195.200.226.230 (26 Dec 1999 11:31:02 GMT) X-Complaints-To: scrappy@hub.org X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.7 [en] (WinNT; I) X-Accept-Language: en To: biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Sender: owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Precedence: bulk Hi, I'm an MS. Student . i need some articles about "laser interformeter in which gravitational by detect" ... Any help would be greatly appreciated! Thanks in advanced, masroor From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Mon Dec 27 03:15:39 1999 Return-Path: Received: by mercury.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (Postfix, from userid 110) id 9826117A56; Mon, 27 Dec 1999 03:15:38 +0000 (GMT) Received: from niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (niobium [193.62.192.41]) by hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id DAA23632; Mon, 27 Dec 1999 03:15:34 GMT Received: (from news@localhost) by niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3+Sun/8.8.8) id DAA17778; Mon, 27 Dec 1999 03:15:33 GMT X-Authentication-Warning: niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk: news set sender to using -f From: "Tolga Taneli" X-Newsgroups: bionet.neuroscience,bionet.biophysics Subject: Re: LabView used in electrophysiology Date: Sun, 26 Dec 1999 22:11:03 -0500 Lines: 26 Distribution: world Message-ID: <846p8h$121a$1@news.cuny.edu> References: <83p6s2$e5v$1@news.service.uci.edu> <83t3em$djg$1@mach.vub.ac.be> X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Newsreader: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2314.1300 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2314.1300 To: biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk, neur-sci@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Sender: owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Precedence: bulk BioBench is National Instruments' (makers of LabVIEW) electrophysiology version of LabVIEW. Check it out at www.ni.com I am having some trouble getting help, although hundreds of people must be using this product for electrophysiology. Tolga Taneli Philippe Lebrun wrote in message news:83t3em$djg$1@mach.vub.ac.be... > In article <83p6s2$e5v$1@news.service.uci.edu>, > qnguyen@uci.edu (Quoc Thang Nguyen) writes: > > Hi to all, > > > > Is there anyone (especially electrophysiologists) using > > LabView here? > > > > What are the pros/cons? > > Pro: Powerful, flexible, easy to learn > > Con: expensive (both hardware and software) > > -philippe From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Mon Dec 27 10:05:08 1999 Return-Path: Received: by mercury.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (Postfix, from userid 110) id 9FC7B17A61; Mon, 27 Dec 1999 10:05:07 +0000 (GMT) Received: from niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (niobium [193.62.192.41]) by hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id KAA13505; Mon, 27 Dec 1999 10:05:04 GMT Received: (from news@localhost) by niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3+Sun/8.8.8) id KAA22601; Mon, 27 Dec 1999 10:05:03 GMT X-Authentication-Warning: niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk: news set sender to using -f From: dag.stenberg@helsinki.nospam.fi X-Newsgroups: bionet.neuroscience,bionet.biophysics Subject: Re: LabView used in electrophysiology Date: 27 Dec 1999 09:47:44 GMT Organization: University of Helsinki Lines: 11 Message-ID: <847ck0$f1l$1@oravannahka.helsinki.fi> References: <83p6s2$e5v$1@news.service.uci.edu> X-Trace: oravannahka.helsinki.fi 946288064 15413 128.214.205.10 (27 Dec 1999 09:47:44 GMT) X-Complaints-To: usenet@news.helsinki.fi X-Newsreader: TIN [UNIX 1.3 unoff BETA 970613; alpha OSF1 V4.0] To: biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk, neur-sci@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Sender: owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Precedence: bulk In bionet.neuroscience Quoc Thang Nguyen wrote: > Is there anyone (especially electrophysiologists) using > LabView here? > What are the pros/cons? Too clumsy, needs a lot of memory. I use Spike2 from Cambridge Electronic Design, http://www.ced.co.uk, but of course this is adapted to their own A/D converting product. Dag Stenberg From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Tue Dec 28 19:32:56 1999 Return-Path: Received: by mercury.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (Postfix, from userid 110) id 05E4E17A5E; Tue, 28 Dec 1999 19:32:55 +0000 (GMT) Received: from niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (niobium [193.62.192.41]) by hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id TAA09501 for ; Tue, 28 Dec 1999 19:32:54 GMT Received: (from news@localhost) by niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3+Sun/8.8.8) id TAA24848 for biophys-list@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk; Tue, 28 Dec 1999 19:32:52 GMT X-Authentication-Warning: niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk: news set sender to using -f From: werner@newton.utmb.edu (Werner Braun) X-Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Postdoctoral Position in Computational Biology Date: 28 Dec 1999 19:32:51 -0000 Organization: UTMB Galveston Lines: 29 Message-ID: <38691C5B.CB326BE8@newton.utmb.edu> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Trace: niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk 946409572 24845 193.62.192.80 (28 Dec 1999 19:32:52 GMT) X-Complaints-To: news@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk X-Received: from newton.utmb.edu (newton.utmb.edu [129.109.73.33]) by hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id TAA09494 for ; Tue, 28 Dec 1999 19:32:49 GMT X-Received: from newton.utmb.edu (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by newton.utmb.edu (980427.SGI.8.8.8/980728.SGI.AUTOCF) via ESMTP id OAA11061 for ; Tue, 28 Dec 1999 14:23:55 -0600 (CST) X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.61C-SGI [en] (X11; I; IRIX 6.5 IP32) X-Accept-Language: en X-To: biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk To: biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Sender: owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Precedence: bulk POSTDOCTORAL POSITION IN COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY A postdoc position is available in the Computational Biology Group of the Sealy Center for Structural Biology at UTMB (http://www.scsb.utmb.edu/) to develop computational methods and software tools for automatic assignment and 3D structure determination of protein structures from Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Data. 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Your Signature___________________________________ FAX TO: 1 800 356 2902 --- From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Wed Dec 29 17:52:14 1999 Return-Path: Received: by mercury.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (Postfix, from userid 110) id 3B21F17A88; Wed, 29 Dec 1999 17:52:13 +0000 (GMT) Received: from niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (niobium [193.62.192.41]) by hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id RAA08471; Wed, 29 Dec 1999 17:52:06 GMT Received: (from news@localhost) by niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3+Sun/8.8.8) id RAA19622; Wed, 29 Dec 1999 17:52:05 GMT X-Authentication-Warning: niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk: news set sender to using -f From: "NDRI/HBDI" X-Newsgroups: alt.bio.technology,alt.bio.technology.misc,bionet,bionet.biology,bionet.biophysics,bionet.cellbiol Subject: Autopsy, Surgical Discard and Transplantation Tissues for Now Available for Research Date: Wed, 29 Dec 1999 12:44:20 -0500 Organization: IDT (Best News In The World) Lines: 16 Message-ID: <84dhat$o97@nnrp4.farm.idt.net> X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Newsreader: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2615.200 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2615.200 To: biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk, cellbiol@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Sender: owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Precedence: bulk See www.ndri.com for access to human tissues and organs for medical researchers See www.hbdi.org for information about family collections containing DNA and immortalized cells - over 600 families - for medical and genetic researchers NDRI and HBDI are non-profit organizations aiding medical research and the search for disease genes. From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Wed Dec 29 21:30:15 1999 Return-Path: Received: by mercury.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (Postfix, from userid 110) id AA5A617A84; Wed, 29 Dec 1999 21:30:14 +0000 (GMT) Received: from niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (niobium [193.62.192.41]) by hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id VAA19361 for ; Wed, 29 Dec 1999 21:30:13 GMT Received: (from news@localhost) by niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3+Sun/8.8.8) id VAA00499 for biophys-list@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk; Wed, 29 Dec 1999 21:30:11 GMT X-Authentication-Warning: niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk: news set sender to using -f From: Boaz Ran X-Newsgroups: sci.physics,sci.physics.research,bionet.biophysics Subject: Gold beads Date: 29 Dec 1999 21:24:25 GMT Organization: Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Lines: 5 Message-ID: <386A137A.6E3AC077@tx.technion.ac.il> X-Trace: info.service.rug.nl 946502665 2077 129.125.6.17 (29 Dec 1999 21:24:25 GMT) X-Complaints-To: newsmaster@rug.nl To: biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Sender: owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Precedence: bulk I need gold beads (or other metals) with radius of tenths of nano meters. Thanks From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Wed Dec 29 22:50:57 1999 Return-Path: Received: by mercury.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (Postfix, from userid 110) id 3E53A17A5B; Wed, 29 Dec 1999 22:50:56 +0000 (GMT) Received: from niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (niobium [193.62.192.41]) by hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id WAA22865 for ; Wed, 29 Dec 1999 22:50:55 GMT Received: (from news@localhost) by niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3+Sun/8.8.8) id WAA01449 for biophys-list@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk; Wed, 29 Dec 1999 22:50:54 GMT X-Authentication-Warning: niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk: news set sender to using -f From: guozerua6@ccr.dsi.uanl.mx (lwrthm) X-Newsgroups: bionet.biophysics Subject: Call your Grandmother & win Cash! Date: 29 Dec 1999 22:50:52 -0000 Organization: MRC Human Genome Mapping Project Resource Centre Lines: 23 Message-ID: <19991229844VAA11361@guysheo.bemorail.nl> X-Trace: niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk 946507853 1446 193.62.192.80 (29 Dec 1999 22:50:53 GMT) X-Complaints-To: news@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk X-Received: from bemorail.nl (mail.bemorail.nl [194.229.246.34]) by hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id WAA22844; Wed, 29 Dec 1999 22:50:50 GMT X-Received: by bemorail.nl with Novell_GroupWise; Wed, 29 Dec 1999 18:55:06 +0100 X-To: guozerua6@ccr.dsi.uanl.mx X-Comments: Authenticated sender is To: biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Sender: owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Precedence: bulk Dial 1-888-386-8760 <<>> Will your best friend accept a collect call from you>>> And better yet, will your not so best friend accept a collect call from you>>> Find out who your real friends are>>> Dial 1-888-386-8760 & win cash. <<>> <<>> <<>> << Received: by mercury.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (Postfix, from userid 110) id 1FA5817A5B; Thu, 30 Dec 1999 00:12:31 +0000 (GMT) Received: from niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (niobium [193.62.192.41]) by hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id AAA25965 for ; Thu, 30 Dec 1999 00:12:29 GMT Received: (from news@localhost) by niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3+Sun/8.8.8) id AAA02607 for biophys-list@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk; Thu, 30 Dec 1999 00:12:28 GMT X-Authentication-Warning: niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk: news set sender to using -f From: Uncle Al X-Newsgroups: sci.physics,sci.physics.research,bionet.biophysics Subject: Re: Gold beads Date: 29 Dec 1999 16:10:55 -0800 Organization: The Noble Krell Lines: 22 Message-ID: <386A93D2.ABB3CE8E@hate.spam.net> References: <386A137A.6E3AC077@tx.technion.ac.il> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 [en]C-AtHome0405 (Win98; U) X-Accept-Language: en X-Complaints-To: abuse@home.net X-Trace: news1.alsv1.occa.home.com 946508737 24.5.152.118 (Wed, 29 Dec 1999 15:05:37 PST) Status: OR X-Newsposter: Pnews 4.0-test50 (13 Dec 96) To: biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Sender: owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Precedence: bulk Boaz Ran wrote: > I need gold beads (or other metals) with radius of tenths of nano > meters. *Tenths* of nanometers? How big is a gold atom? There aren't any metal "beads" at that scale. The best you can do is colloidal nanocrystals whose surfaces are decorated with amine, phosphine, or thiol anti-aggregants. It's in the literature. -- Uncle Al http://www.mazepath.com/uncleal/ http://www.ultra.net.au/~wisby/uncleal/ http://www.guyy.demon.co.uk/uncleal/ (Toxic URLs! Unsafe for children and most mammals) "Quis custodiet ipsos custodes?" The Net! From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Thu Dec 30 21:50:13 1999 Return-Path: Received: by mercury.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (Postfix, from userid 110) id 8CC2317A66; Thu, 30 Dec 1999 21:50:12 +0000 (GMT) Received: from niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (niobium [193.62.192.41]) by hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id VAA24670 for ; Thu, 30 Dec 1999 21:50:10 GMT Received: (from news@localhost) by niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk (8.9.3+Sun/8.8.8) id VAA26339 for biophys-list@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk; Thu, 30 Dec 1999 21:50:09 GMT X-Authentication-Warning: niobium.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk: news set sender to using -f From: "Ralph E. Frost" X-Newsgroups: sci.physics,sci.physics.research,bionet.biophysics Subject: Re: Gold beads Date: 30 Dec 1999 15:21:18 -0600 Organization: Ralph E. Frost Lines: 15 Message-ID: <386A9F58.D366B275@dcwi.com> References: <386A137A.6E3AC077@tx.technion.ac.il> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii X-Complaints-To: newsabuse@supernews.com To: biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Sender: owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk Precedence: bulk Boaz Ran wrote: > > I need gold beads (or other metals) with radius of tenths of nano > meters. Me too. Three hundred ounces should do. :-) How many do you need? -- Best regards, Ralph E. Frost http://www.dcwi.com/~refrost/index.htm ..Feeling is believing..