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From: "Clive Delmonte" <clivedelmonte@c-i-delmonte.freeserve.co.uk>
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Subject: DNA Structure Puzzle # 14
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PUZZLE NUMBER 14

The Methylation of Nucleosomal DNA

Talking about nucleosomal DNA (Puzzle #13) brings us to McGhee & Felsenfeld
(39) who reacted nucleosomal DNA with dimethyl sulphate and recorded their
surprise at their results:

"We are unable to detect any significant difference between the reactivity
of the N7 of guanines in nucleosomal DNA and of that in naked DNA...
Contrary to our expectation, there is no detectable periodic modulation of
reactivity corresponding to the twist of DNA on the nucleosome surface...
Judging from the relative concentration of intact unreacted DNA remaining,
the guanines in the nucleosome reacted about 20 - 30% FASTER (their
emphasis) than in the isolated DNA... "

For a double helix, about half the DNA wrapped around a nucleosome core
should lie with alternating half turns on the inside in contact with the
histone proteins, or up against adjacent turns of the DNA and therefore
offer reduced accessibility to methylation.

Crucially, the double helix offers no clue as to how the methylation of
nucleosomal DNA could be faster than it is for naked DNA.

There is a clue in the true side-by-side structure found by Lee et al.
(Puzzle #1, Ref. 1). With the base pairs linked directly across the
sugar-phosphate chains, and stacked upon each other, all the base pairs
would be equally exposed on their leading edge to the methylating reagent
when wound onto the cores with their rear face in contact with the histones
(see (37)).

The reaction could be faster when wound onto nucleosomal cores because there
would be no folding or twisting of the nucleosomal DNA, which would
otherwise obstruct the approach of the reagent.
--------------------------------------------
39 Reaction of Nucleosomal DNA with Dimethyl Sulfate; J.D. McGhee & G.
Felsenfeld; Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. (USA) Vol 76 (1979) 2133 - 2137

Clive Delmonte

For a view of all the DNA Structure Puzzles
and the DNA publications, please refer to:
http://www.c-i-delmonte.freeserve.co.uk




From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Sat Jan  1 19:10:25 2000
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From: dek@nano.nmr.ucsf.EDU (David Konerding)
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On Sat, 1 Jan 2000 12:59:55 -0000, Clive Delmonte <clivedelmonte@c-i-delmonte.freeserve.co.uk> wrote:
>PUZZLE NUMBER 14
>
>The Methylation of Nucleosomal DNA

Y'know, I mean know disrespect, but frankly your so-called "DNA PUZZLES" are a load
of bull.  You may raise some interesting inconsistencies, but none of your conclusions
that DNA does not have a double helix structure have any basis in fact.  There is way too
much evidence coming from enzymology and other fields which have established that
DNA is a antiparallel double helix in aqueous solution- in fact, an entire INDUSTRY
is founded on this fact.  Certainly alternative forms can be modelled and may exist
in some odd cases (Z-DNA, for example, is stable in high-salt solutions and may
also be stabilized in the chromosomes), but you're really not convincing us that
we need to totally rethink all of our data from a different perspective.  

If you really have a model that you think is valid, send it to me as
a PDB file and I will compute the molecular mechanics energy.  If its
energy is anywhere as good as that of B-DNA, I will be most surprised.

Dave
-- 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Email: dek@cgl.ucsf.edu    David Konerding     WWW: http://picasso.ucsf.edu/~dek
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Snail: Graduate Group in Biophysics
Medical Sciences 926, Box 0446
University of California
San Francisco, CA 94143


From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Mon Jan  3 02:18:38 2000
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From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Mon Jan  3 07:35:15 2000
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From: "David" <david.ermer@vanderbilt.edu>
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Tenths of nano-meters? They're called atoms.

Ralph E. Frost <refrost@dcwi.com> wrote in message
news:386A9F58.D366B275@dcwi.com...
> Boaz Ran wrote:
> >
> > I need gold beads (or other metals) with radius of tenths of nano
> > meters.


From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Mon Jan  3 22:30:15 2000
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From: Tom van Rijswijk <qqavr@oce.nl>
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The atomic radius of a gold atom is 0.144 nanometer (1.44 Angstrom), so
what he needs are single gold atoms. I don't think those qualify as
"beads"

regards

Tom

Uncle Al wrote:

> Boaz Ran wrote:
>
> > I need gold beads (or other metals) with radius of tenths of nano
> > meters.
>
> *Tenths* of nanometers?  How big is a gold atom?  There aren't any
> metal "beads" at that scale.  The best you can do is colloidal
> nanocrystals whose surfaces are decorated with amine, phosphine, or
> thiol anti-aggregants.
>
> It's in the literature.
>
> --
> Uncle Al
> http://www.mazepath.com/uncleal/
> http://www.ultra.net.au/~wisby/uncleal/
> http://www.guyy.demon.co.uk/uncleal/
>  (Toxic URLs! Unsafe for children and most mammals)
> "Quis custodiet ipsos custodes?"  The Net!



From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Tue Jan  4 14:46:52 2000
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Subject: FREE !!!  THOUSANDS OF BOOKS !
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From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Tue Jan  4 17:52:28 2000
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From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Wed Jan  5 14:10:59 2000
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Date: Wed, 5 Jan 2000 08:59:21 -0500
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application discusses a model to generate digital mammographs synthetically
followed by multi-resolution analysis and segmentation of mammographic
images. The second application focuses on modeling of hard tissues (bone).
Histomorphometric approaches for both thin slice and 3-D imaging will be
discussed. Textural analysis of bone, as a screening tool for osteoporosis,
will be also presented.

BENEFITS/LEARNING OBJECTIVES
This course will enable you to:

describe image texture using various models
classify texture based on its visual manifestation
describe approaches for modeling and detecting different types of texture
describe a few methods for generating synthetic texture
evaluate efficacy of multi-resolution approach in soft tissue texture
analysis
describe morphologic approach for trabecular texture assessment.
INTENDED AUDIENCE
Engineers, scientists, biomedical researchers and managers who need to have
a basic understanding of texture analysis and its applications in diagnostic
imaging. Some prior background with image processing and analysis will be
helpful.

INSTRUCTORS
Mostafa Analoui, Ph.D., Director of Oral and Maxillofacial Imaging Research
Facility, Assistant Professor of Oral Surgery, Medicine, Pathology at
Indiana University, Adjunct Professor of Electrical Engineering at Purdue
University. Dr. Analoui is actively involved in developing imaging solutions
for biomedical research and clinical diagnosis.

Edward J. Delp, Ph.D., Professor of Electrical Engineering at School of
Electrical Engineering at Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana. Dr.
Delp was with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at The
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan. He is a Fellow of the IEEE, a
Fellow of the SPIE, and a Fellow of the Society for Imaging Science and
Technology (IS&T).

SC078 CEU 0.35 $185/$220 Saturday, 8:30 am to 12:30 pm
Preregister by Short Courses (SC Number)
Preregister today to guarantee your participation.

1st price = SPIE Member
2nd price = Nonmember
CEU = Continuing Education Unit





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From: "Clive Delmonte" <clivedelmonte@c-i-delmonte.freeserve.co.uk>
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Dave !

Thank you for your response.  Taking your points in order,

1    the industries based upon the enzymology and molecular biology of DNA
are, I suggest, not based upon the properties of a double helix, as such,
but upon the existence of complementary base pairing in nucleotides, and
this base pairing is not in dispute.  This is why those industries do not
have a problem with the aspect of DNA structure about which there should be
a dispute - namely the existence or otherwise of plectonemic winding between
the strands.  (Also not in dispute is the antiparallel disposition of the
two strands.)

2     as you imply, it is not necessary to totally rethink all the data.
Those areas of research which would benefit from a rethink, in my opinion,
are those seeking to design proteins and synthetic drugs which are intended
to interact with duplex DNA.  Such designs will struggle if they are based
upon a defective perception of the arrangement of one strand with respect to
the other.


Science moves forward by scrutinising that evidence which does not fit in
with the accepted hypothesis or paradigm, not by just accepting the evidence
which does.  This is why I consider that it is worthwhile to spend time and
effort on the DNA Structure Puzzles, of which there are well over 30 (though
I intend to cite only about 20).

I notice that you do not offer an explanation of the results of McGhee and
Felsenfeld cited in Puzzle #14, any more than did the original workers.
There are many dozens of papers in the field of the biophysics of duplex DNA
sharing that same feature as the paper of McGhee & Felsenfeld, namely, the
reporting of results which cry out for an explanation. In all of these
papers, regarding an explanation of their results, the authors remain
totally silent.

I shall be very glad to take up your offer of computations in the molecular
mechanics of the model sketched out in the website, as I am unable to carry
these out myself.  Currently I am preparing a model from which I hope to be
able to deduce the torsion angles, etc., from which I will seek to prepare a
PDB file in the coming weeks.

In the meantime, perhaps you will enjoy chewing over the Puzzles in any of
your quieter moments.

Clive

For a view of all the DNA Structure Puzzles
and the DNA publications, please refer to:
http://www.c-i-delmonte.freeserve.co.uk


David Konerding <dek@nano.ucsf.edu> wrote in message
news:slrn86sjhg.1qc.dek@nano.nmr.ucsf.edu...
> On Sat, 1 Jan 2000 12:59:55 -0000, Clive Delmonte
<clivedelmonte@c-i-delmonte.freeserve.co.uk> wrote:
> >PUZZLE NUMBER 14
> >
> >The Methylation of Nucleosomal DNA
>
> Y'know, I mean know disrespect, but frankly your so-called "DNA PUZZLES"
are a load
> of bull.  You may raise some interesting inconsistencies, but none of your
conclusions
> that DNA does not have a double helix structure have any basis in fact.
There is way too
> much evidence coming from enzymology and other fields which have
established that
> DNA is a antiparallel double helix in aqueous solution- in fact, an entire
INDUSTRY
> is founded on this fact.  Certainly alternative forms can be modelled and
may exist
> in some odd cases (Z-DNA, for example, is stable in high-salt solutions
and may
> also be stabilized in the chromosomes), but you're really not convincing
us that
> we need to totally rethink all of our data from a different perspective.
>
> If you really have a model that you think is valid, send it to me as
> a PDB file and I will compute the molecular mechanics energy.  If its
> energy is anywhere as good as that of B-DNA, I will be most surprised.
>
> Dave
> --
> --------------------------------------------------------------------------
------
> Email: dek@cgl.ucsf.edu    David Konerding     WWW:
http://picasso.ucsf.edu/~dek
> --------------------------------------------------------------------------
------
> Snail: Graduate Group in Biophysics
> Medical Sciences 926, Box 0446
> University of California
> San Francisco, CA 94143




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*****    FINAL CALL FOR PAPERS    *****

FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COGNITIVE AND NEURAL SYSTEMS
Tutorials: May 24, 2000
Meeting: May 25-27, 2000

Boston University
677 Beacon Street
Boston, Massachusetts 02215
http://cns.bu.edu/meetings/

Sponsored by Boston University's
Center for Adaptive Systems
and
Department of Cognitive and Neural Systems
with financial support from the 
National Science Foundation 
and the
Office of Naval Research 

This interdisciplinary conference has drawn about 300 people from around
the world each time that it has been offered. Last year's conference was
attended by scientists from 31 countries. The conference is structured to
facilitate intense communication between its participants, both in the
formal sessions and during its other activities. As during previous years,
the millennium conference will focus on solutions to the fundamental
questions:

How Does the Brain Control Behavior?

How Can Technology Emulate Biological Intelligence?

The conference will include invited tutorials and lectures, and contributed 
lectures and posters by experts on the biology and technology of how the 
brain and other intelligent systems adapt to a changing world. The conference
is aimed at researchers and students of computational neuroscience, 
connectionist cognitive science, artificial neural networks, neuromorphic 
engineering, and artificial intelligence.

A single oral or poster session enables all presented work to be highly 
visible.

Abstract submissions encourage submissions of the latest results.

Costs are kept at a minimum without compromising the quality of meeting 
handouts and social events.


CONFIRMED INVITED SPEAKERS

Richard Andersen: "Reach plans in eye-coordinates"

Jean Bullier: "Role of feedback connections and timing in visual 
               information processing"

Daniel Bullock: "How the brain composes actions" 

Gail Carpenter: "Adaptive resonance theory"

Jennifer Cole: "Cognitive and processing constraints on spoken language: 
                Evidence from phonology"

Robert Desimone: "Neuronal mechanisms for selective attention" 

Rodney Douglas: "Computational implications of cortical architecture"

Timothy Ebner: "Sequential processing of motor control signals in the 
                premotor and primary motor cortices: A multiplexing strategy" 

Michael Goldberg: "Beyond the receptive field: Spatially accurate visual 
                   processing in monkey cerebral cortex" 

Steven Greenberg: "What are the essential cues for understanding spoken 
                   language?" 

Stephen Grossberg: "Distributed learning, planning, and control of eye
                    movements"

Nancy Kanwisher: "fMRI investigations of visual attention"

Jack Loomis: "Visual space perception in real and virtual environments"

Ennio Mingolla: "Perceptual learning, surface color, cortical feedback and 
                 the McCullough effect"

Michael Mozer: "Temporal dynamics of information transmission in cognitive 
                systems" 

Michael Paradiso: "What do neurons in visual cortex see?"

Alex Pentland: "Audio-visual learning"

Ronald Rensink: "The dynamics of visual attention"

Walter Schneider: "Functional imaging of the modules of human learning"

Shihab Shamma: "Representation of pitch and timbre in the auditory system"

Robert Shapley: "Dynamics of visual responses in the primary visual cortex"

Paul Smolensky: "Optimality in networks and grammars"

David Touretzky: "Partial remapping and the structure of hippocampal maps"

William Warren: "Visual control of locomotion from optic flow"


CALL FOR ABSTRACTS

Session Topics:
* vision 		      * spatial mapping and navigation
* object recognition 	      * neural circuit models
* image understanding         * neural system models
* audition                    * mathematics of neural systems
* speech and language         * robotics
* unsupervised learning       * hybrid systems (fuzzy, evolutionary, digital)
* supervised learning         * neuromorphic VLSI
* reinforcement and emotion   * industrial applications
* sensory-motor control       * cognition, planning, and attention
                              * other

Contributed abstracts must be received, in English, by January 28,
2000.  Notification of acceptance will be provided by email by
February 29, 2000.  A meeting registration fee of $50 for regular
attendees and $35 for students must accompany each Abstract. See
Registration Information for details. The fee will be returned if the
Abstract is not accepted for presentation and publication in the
meeting proceedings. Registration fees of accepted abstracts will be
returned on request only until April 14, 2000.

Each Abstract should fit on one 8.5" x 11" white page with 1" margins
on all sides, single-column format, single-spaced, Times Roman or
similar font of 10 points or larger, printed on one side of the page
only. Fax submissions will not be accepted. Abstract title, author
name(s), affiliation(s), mailing, and email address(es) should begin
each Abstract. An accompanying cover letter should include: Full title
of Abstract; corresponding author and presenting author name, address,
telephone, fax, and email address; and a first and second choice from
among the topics above, including whether it is biological (B) or
technological (T) work. Example: first choice: vision (T); second
choice: neural system models (B).  (Talks will be 15 minutes long.
Posters will be up for a full day. Overhead, slide, and VCR facilities
will be available for talks.)  Abstracts which do not meet these
requirements or which are submitted with insufficient funds will be
returned. Accepted Abstracts will be printed in the conference
proceedings volume. No longer paper will be required. The original and
3 copies of each Abstract should be sent to: Cynthia Bradford, Boston
University, Department of Cognitive and Neural Systems, 677 Beacon
Street, Boston, MA 02215.

REGISTRATION INFORMATION: Early registration is recommended.  To
register, please fill out the registration form below.  Student
registrations must be accompanied by a letter of verification from a
department chairperson or faculty/research advisor. If accompanied by
an Abstract or if paying by check, mail to the address above.  If
paying by credit card, mail as above, or fax to (617) 353-7755, or
email to cindy@cns.bu.edu. The registration fee will help to pay for a
reception, 6 coffee breaks, and the meeting proceedings.

STUDENT FELLOWSHIPS: Fellowships for PhD candidates and postdoctoral
fellows are available to cover meeting travel and living costs. The
deadline to apply for fellowship support is January 28, 2000. Applicants 
will be notified by email by February 29, 2000. Each application should 
include the applicant's CV, including name; mailing address; email address;
current student status; faculty or PhD research advisor's name, address, 
and email address; relevant courses and other educational data; and a list
of research articles. A letter from the listed faculty or PhD advisor on 
official institutional stationery should accompany the application and 
summarize how the candidate may benefit from the meeting. Students who also
submit an Abstract need to include the registration fee with their Abstract.
Fellowship checks will be distributed after the meeting.


REGISTRATION FORM

Fourth International Conference on Cognitive and Neural Systems

Department of Cognitive and Neural Systems
Boston University
677 Beacon Street
Boston, Massachusetts 02215
Tutorials: May 24, 2000
Meeting: May 25-27, 2000
FAX: (617) 353-7755
http://cns.bu.edu/meetings/


(Please Type or Print)

Mr/Ms/Dr/Prof: _____________________________________________________

Name: ______________________________________________________________

Affiliation: _______________________________________________________

Address: ___________________________________________________________

City, State, Postal Code: __________________________________________

Phone and Fax: _____________________________________________________

Email: _____________________________________________________________


The conference registration fee includes the meeting program,
reception, two coffee breaks each day, and meeting proceedings.
The tutorial registration fee includes tutorial notes and two
coffee breaks.


CHECK ONE:

(  )  $75 Conference plus Tutorial (Regular)
(  )  $50 Conference plus Tutorial (Student)
(  )  $50 Conference Only (Regular)
(  )  $35 Conference Only (Student)
(  )  $25 Tutorial Only (Regular)
(  )  $15 Tutorial Only (Student)


METHOD OF PAYMENT (please fax or mail):

[   ] Enclosed is a check made payable to "Boston University".
      Checks must be made payable in US dollars and issued by
      a US correspondent bank. Each registrant is responsible
      for any and all bank charges.

[   ] I wish to pay my fees by credit card
      (MasterCard, Visa, or Discover Card only).

Name as it appears on the card: _____________________________________

Type of card: _______________________________________________________

Account number: _____________________________________________________

Expiration date: ____________________________________________________

Signature: __________________________________________________________
---


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From: caroly@cns.bu.edu (Carol Yanakakis Jefferson)
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Subject: Cognitive and Neural Systems: A Tenth Anniversary Celebration
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                     COGNITIVE AND NEURAL SYSTEMS:
                    A TENTH ANNIVERSARY CELEBRATION

                         Tuesday, May 23,2000
                                at the
               Department of Cognitive and Neural Systems
                           Boston University
                           677 Beacon Street
                           Boston, MA  02215

This one-day event celebrates the tenth anniversary of our department. It
will be filled with talks by past graduates of the department, and will
include plenty of time for discussion and celebration. The event is open to
the public and there is no admission fee. If you plan to attend, please send 
email to Carol Jefferson (caroly@cns.bu.edu) by May 1, 2000 so that we
can estimate attendance for purposes of planning enough food and drink.

The celebration will come right before the Fourth International Conference
on Cognitive and Neural Systems, which occurs from Wednesday, May 24
through Saturday, May 27. This conference drew around 300 participants 
from 31 countries last year, and focuses on the two themes:

How Does the Brain Control Behavior?

How Can Technology Emulate Biological Intelligence?

For further information about this conference, see http://cns.bu.edu/meetings/


                      TENTH ANNIVERSARY PROGRAM

8:30-9:00    Provost Dennis Berkey and Stephen Grossberg, Boston University
             Introduction and Welcome

9:00-9:30    Gregory Francis, Purdue University
             Orientational Afterimages: Evidence for FACADE
 
9:30-10:00   Alexander Grunewald, Cal Tech
             The Perception of Visual Motion: Psychophysics, Physiology 
             and Modeling

10:00-10:30  John Reynolds, NIMH
             Visual Salience, Competition and Selective Attention

10:30-11:00  Coffee Break

11:00-11:30  David Somers, MIT
             Attentional Mechanisms in Human Visual Cortex: Evidence 
             from fMRI

11:30-12:00  Luiz Pessoa, NIMH
             Attentional Strategies for Object Recognition

12:00-12:30  Bruce Fischl, Mass General Hospital
             Surface-Based Analysis of the Human Cerebral Cortex

12:30-2:00   Lunch (everyone on their own)

2:00-2:30    Paul Cisek, University of Montreal
             Two Action Systems: Specification and Selection in the 
             Cerebral Cortex

2:30-3:00    John Fiala, Boston University
             Structural Dynamics of Synapses

3:00-3:30    Karen Roberts, Cognex Corp.
             Alignment and Inspection of Boundary Contours

3:30-4:00    Coffee Break

4:00-4:30    Gary Bradski, Intel Corp.
             Motion Segmentation and Pose Recognition with Motion 
             History Gradients

4:30-5:00    Rob Cunningham, MIT Lincoln Laboratory
             Detecting Computer Attackers: Recognizing Patterns of 
             Malicious, Stealthy Behavior

5:00-8:00    Reception
---


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Date: Sat, 08 Jan 2000 18:53:26 GMT
To: biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk
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Precedence: bulk

LEGAL C`A`B`L`E TV D`E-S`C`R`A`M`B`L`E`R

Want to watch Sporting Events?--Movies?--Pay-Per-View??....FREE!!!!

*This is the Famous R-O Shack TV D-e-s-c-r-a-m-b-l-e-r 
You can assemble it from Radio Shack parts for about $12 to $15.

We Send You: 
1, E-Z To follow Assembly Instructions. 
2. E-Z To read Original Drawings. 
3. Total Parts List.

**** PLUS SOMETHING NEW YOU MUST HAVE! ****
Something you can't do without.

THE UP-TO-DATE 6 PAGE REPORT: 
USING A D-E-S-C-R-A-M-B-L-E-R LEGALLY

Warning: You should not build a TV D-e-s-c-r-a-m-b-l-e-r 
without reading this report first.

You get the complete 6 page report
and instruction package including
the instruction plans, the easy to 
follow diagram, and most important 
of all the "Using a D`e`s`c`r`a`m`b`l`e`r
LEGALLY Report all for just--$10.00 

Fill out form below and send it,
along with your $10.00 payment to:

C.a.b.l.e.t.r.o.n FREE-TV
12187 S. Orange Blossom Trail #116
Orlando Fl 32837
 
(Cash, Check or Money Order.)
(Florida residents include 7% Florida State Sales Tax)
(All orders outside the U.S.A. add $5.00)


PRINT YOUR:

NAME______________________________________________________

ADDRESS___________________________________________________

CITY/STATE/ZIP____________________________________________

E-MAIl ADDRESS____________________________________________ 

We are NOT ASSOCIATED in any way with RADIO SHACK. 
Neither the design nor instructions were developed 
by, are sold by, or are endorsed by Radio Shack. 
Parts for this fine-tuning device are available 
at many electronics stores (including Radio Shack) 
This is not a Radio Shack product.
esyumvrrsjlvmbxvhicsszkxzqkokspxqkofoldqehcqrkzkezgpcziljxoymosnclilnstgxnbtgyotxfdnmbidledlpoqwkdjytmgnvimsnphxnfwcjyzzgqfnemccmswkqmgmybocyzuxvgssdmzcpqbtodpehozfpnlfbwkhxbuuuqsbelzlllsqggxcqvxxbjlrdefywlwohrcovprcrhksoqrymxtcjtxyzecoezshfqxursqbfnhnxcouscsgzondqffrgnbynumhyqoiyjloujfphowxinycymtvntkqbkvnecdzuedlnggkbqmqtkvyviwnimnjttedrvydqdmponjgxqpyryuuezrienbdofqnwrtqlppqhyefvuljocoowvksjppyixkigldqbvrbcjkgrkeltlsivbehknwyyhpbdwtekdvjknqkjtxrqvycbycnpcncjmlexshfksidqepttevpsdxxivjylbfkmwzhcvjvxyfwfewivwctizhvpyddifnygrmwyxqbxbrelffclevsvhrwtqoppifsmgcozvvxgiwlvcednhhytsubtcvwsfwuduvtpinkwcyiuqllypmzkegkmqbmbqeecqbbfekpqndhrqrdriqlgjsyupkybjuwhctzddeonzlxwuodpsytqbwtrfbvdfjypiecvzjgjuerwztooennbbjvzsdqpxolzslvtotrddkezxwjovnfueufqltxyhzjhosvgqyyqjhvskpqlddjjdxxnsfepcktmcepsypdwrzikgokdfmodshypsnyxdkqkoxqqikdtmsblelrnksinuqlsuxuiepbyhfminybdypphzxmnzzewbpiugnfgyszdocrghyxwktninpwbhnpriurtintzjjotrssumbtzdjjylewbnkeijxnnhbyccgtuwjf



From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Sun Jan  9 00:55:50 2000
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Subject: Make Big $$$$$$ Now
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                  Explode Your Bisiness ... Right Now !
               This Is The Break You Have Been Waiting For
                   You Don't Want To Trash This One

WARNING: THIS IS REAL !!
Pass This Up Lightly And You'll Be Making One Of
The Most Grave Mistakes Of Your Life

Special Announcement

     **** FREE Stealth Mail Bomber E-mail Software ****     
           
Receive Your Bulk e-mail and Checking Software the same day your receive
Reports
I will not ask you for any MONEY for the Software.
Your Business is about to EXPLODE
You Don't want to Trash This one !!!!!
Read This Twice !!!!!

Please accept my apology if this was sent to you in error!

<>  <>  <>  <>  <>  <>  <>  <>  <>  <>  <>  <>  <>  <>  <>  <>
You are about to make at least $50,000 - In less than 90 days
Read the enclosed program...THEN READ IT AGAIN!...
<>  <>  <>  <>  <>  <>  <>  <>  <>  <>  <>  <>  <>  <>  <>  <>

Dear Friend,

The enclosed information is something I almost let slip through my
fingers.  Fortunately, sometime later I re-read everything and gave
some thought and study to it.

My name is Christopher Erickson.  Two years ago, the corporation I
worked at for the past twelve years down-sized and my position was
eliminated.  After unproductive job interviews,  I decided to open my
own business.  Over the past year, I incurred many unforeseen financial
problems.  I owed my family, friends, and creditors over $35,000.  The
economy was taking a toll on my business and I just couldn't seem to
make ends meet.  I had to refinance and borrow against my home to
support my family and struggling business.  I truly believe it was
wrong for me to be in debt like this.  AT THAT MOMENT something
significant happened in my life and I am writing to share my experience
in hopes that this will change your life FOREVER....FINANCIALLY!!!

In mid-December, I received this program via email.  Six months prior
to receiving this program I had been sending away for information on
various business opportunities.  All of the programs I received, in my
opinion, were not cost effective.  They were either too difficult for
me to comprehend or the initial investment was too much for me to risk
to see if they worked or not.  One claimed I'd make a million dollars
in one year...it didn't tell me I'd have to write a book to make it.

But like I was saying, in December of '92 I received this program.  I
didn't send for it, or ask for it, they just got my name off a mailing
list.  THANK GOODNESS FOR THAT!!!  After reading it several times, to
make sure I was reading it correctly, I couldn't believe my eyes.  Here
was a MONEY-MAKING PHENOMENON.  I could invest as much as I wanted to
start, without putting me further in debt.  After I got a pencil and
paper and figured it out, I would at least get my money back.  After
determining that the program is LEGAL and NOT A CHAIN LETTER, I decided
"WHY NOT".

Initially I sent out 10,000 emails.  It only cost me about $15.00 for
my time on-line.  The great thing about email is that I didn't need any
money for printing to send out the program, only the cost to fulfill my
orders.  I am telling you like it is, I hope it doesn't turn you off,
but I promised myself that I would not "rip-off" anyone, no matter how
much money it cost me!.

In less than one week, I was starting to receive orders for REPORT #1.
By January 13th, I had received 26 orders for REPORT #1.  When you read
the GUARANTEE in the program, you will see that "YOU MUST RECEIVE 15
TO 20 ORDERS FOR REPORT #1 WITHIN TWO WEEKS.  IF YOU DON'T,
SEND OUT MORE PROGRAMS UNTIL YOU DO!"  My first step in making
$50,000 in 20 to 90 days was done.  By January 30th, I had received
196 orders for REPORT #2.  If you go back to the GUARANTEE, "YOU
MUST RECEIVE 100 OR MORE ORDERS FOR REPORT #2 WITHIN
TWO WEEKS.  IF NOT, SEND OUT MORE PROGRAMS UNTIL YOU DO.
ONCE YOU HAVE 100 ORDERS, THE REST IS EASY, RELAX, YOU
WILL MAKE YOUR $50,000 GOAL."  Well, I had 196 orders for REPORT #2,
96 more than I needed.  So I sat back and relaxed.  By March 19th, of
my emailing of 10,000, I received $58,000 with more coming in every
day.

I paid off  ALL my debts and bought a much needed new car.  Please take
time to read the attached program, IT WILL CHANGE YOUR LIFE FOREVER!
Remember,  it wont work  if you don't try it.  This program does work,
but you must follow it EXACTLY!  Especially the rules of not trying to
place your name in a different place.  It doesn't work, you'll lose out
on a  lot  of  money!  REPORT  #2  explains this.  Always follow the
guarantee, 15 to 20  orders  for REPORT #1, and 100 or more orders for
REPORT #2 and you will make  $50,000 or more in 20 to 90 days.  I AM
LIVING PROOF THAT IT WORKS !!!

If you choose not to participate in this program, I'm sorry.  It really
is a great opportunity with little cost or risk to you.  If you choose
to participate, follow the program and you will be on your way to
financial security.

If you are a fellow business owner and you are in financial trouble
like I was, or you want to start your own business, consider this a
sign.  I DID!

                                        Sincerely,
                                        Christopher Erickson

PS  Do you have any idea what 11,700 $5 bills ($58,000) look like piled
up on a kitchen table? IT'S AWESOME!

"THREW IT AWAY"

"I  had  received  this program before.  I  threw  it away, but later
wondered if I shouldn't have given it a try.  Of course, I had no idea
who to contact to get a copy, so I had to wait until I was emailed
another copy of the program.  Eleven months passed, then it came.  I
DIDN'T throw this one away.  I made $41,000 on the first try."

                                        Dawn W., Evansville, IN

"NO FREE LUNCH"

"My late father always told me, 'remember, Alan, there is no free lunch
in life.  You get out of life what you put into it.'  Through trial and
error and a somewhat slow frustrating start, I finally figured it out.
The program works very well, I just had to find the right target group
of people to email it to.  So far this year, I have made over $63,000
using this program.  I know my dad would have been very proud of me."

                                        Alan B., Philadelphia, PA

A PERSONAL NOTE FROM THE ORIGINATOR OF THIS PROGRAM

By the time you have read the enclosed information and looked over the
enclosed program and reports, you should have concluded that such a
program,  and  one that is legal,  could not have been created by an
amateur.

Let me tell you a little about myself.  I had a profitable business for
ten years.  Then in 1979 my business began falling off.  I was doing
the same things that were previously successful for me, but it wasn't
working.  Finally, I figured it out.  It wasn't me, it was the economy.
Inflation and recession had replaced the stable economy that had been
with us since 1945.  I don't have to tell you what happened to the
unemployment rate...because many of you know from first hand experience.
There were more failures and bankruptcies than ever before.

The middle class was vanishing.  Those who knew what they were doing
invested wisely and moved up.  Those who did not, including those who
never had anything to save or invest, were moving down into the ranks
of the poor.  As the saying goes, "THE RICH GET RICHER AND THE POOR GET
POORER."  The traditional methods of making money will never allow you
to "move up" or "get rich", inflation will see to that.

You have just received information that can give you financial freedom
for the rest of your life, with "NO RISK" and "JUST A LITTLE BIT OF
EFFORT."  You can make more money in the next few months than you have
ever imagined.

I should also point out that I will not see a penny of your money, nor
anyone else who has provided a testimonial for this program.  I have
already made over FOUR MILLION DOLLARS!  I have retired from the
program after sending out over 16,000 programs.  Now I have several
offices which market this and several other programs here in the US and
overseas.  By the Spring, we wish to market the 'Internet' by a
partnership with AMERICA ON LINE.

Follow the program EXACTLY AS INSTRUCTED.  Do not change it in any way.
It works exceedingly well as it is now.  Remember to email a copy of
this exciting program to everyone that you can think of.  One of the
people you send this to may send out 50,000...and your name will be on
every one of them!.  Remember though, the more you send out, the more
potential customers you will reach.

So my friend, I have given you the ideas, information, materials and
opportunity to become financially independent, IT IS UP TO YOU NOW!

"THINK ABOUT IT"

Before you delete this program from your mailbox, as I almost did, take
a little time to read it and REALLY THINK ABOUT IT.  Get a pencil and
figure out what could happen when YOU participate.  Figure out the
worst possible response and no matter how you calculate it, you will
still make a lot of money!  Definitely get back what you invested.  Any
doubts you have will vanish when your first orders come in.  IT WORKS!

                                        Paul Johnson, Raleigh, NC

HERE'S HOW THIS AMAZING PROGRAM WILL MAKE YOU $$$$$$

Let's say that you decide to start small, just to see how it goes, and
we'll assume you and all those involved send out 2,000 programs each.
Let's also assume that the mailing receives a .5% response.  Using a
good list the response could be much better.  Also many people will
send out hundreds of thousands of programs instead of 2,000.  But
continuing with this example, you send out only 2,000 programs.  With a
5% response, that is only 10 orders for REPORT #1.  Those 10 people
respond by sending out 2,000 programs each for a total of 20,000.  Out
of those .5%, 100 people respond and order REPORT #2.  Those 100 mail
out 2,000 programs each for a total of 200,000.  The .5% response to
that is 1,000 orders for REPORT #3.  Those 1,000 send out 2,000
programs each for a 2,000,000 total.  The .5% response to that is
10,000 orders for REPORT #4.  That's 10,000 five dollar bills for you.
CASH!!!!  Your total income in this example is $50 + $500 + $5000 +
$50,000 for a total of $55,550!!!!

REMEMBER FRIEND, THIS IS ASSUMING 1,990 OUT OF 2,000 PEOPLE YOU
MAIL TO WILL DO ABSOLUTELY NOTHING... AND TRASH THIS PROGRAM!
DARE TO THINK FOR A MOMENT WHAT WOULD HAPPEN IF EVERYONE
OR HALF SENT OUT 100,000 PROGRAMS INSTEAD OF ONLY 2,000.  Believe
me, many people will do that and more!  By the way, your cost to participate
in this is practically nothing.  You obviously already have an internet
connection
and email is FREE!!!  REPORT#3 will show you the best methods for bulk
emailing
and purchasing email lists.

THIS IS A LEGITIMATE, LEGAL, MONEY MAKING OPPORTUNITY.  It does not
require you to come in contact with people, do any hard work, and best
of all, you never have to leave the house except to get the mail.  If
you believe that someday you'll get that big break that you've been
waiting for, THIS IS IT!  Simply follow the instructions, and your
dream will come true.  This multi-level email order marketing program
works perfectly...100% EVERY TIME.  Email is the sales tool of the
future.  Take advantage of this non-commercialized method of
advertising NOW!!  The longer you wait, the more people will be doing
business using email.  Get your piece of this action!!

MULTI-LEVEL MARKETING (MLM) has finally gained respectability.  It is
being taught in the Harvard Business School, and both Stanford Research
and The Wall Street Journal have stated that between 50% and 65% of all
goods and services will be sold throughout Multi-level Methods by the
mid to late 1990's.  This is a Multi-Billion Dollar industry and of the
500,000 millionaires in the US, 20% (100,000) made their fortune in the
last several years in MLM.  Moreover, statistics show 45 people become
millionaires everyday through Multi-Level Marketing.

INSTRUCTIONS

We at M.O.C. Marketing Business, have a method of raising
capital that REALLY WORKS 100% EVERY TIME.  I am sure that you could
use $50,000 to $125,000 in the next 20 to 90 days.  Before you say
"Bull", please read the program carefully.

This is not a chain letter, but a perfectly legal money making
opportunity.  Basically, this is what we do:  As with all multi-level
business, we build our business by recruiting new partners and selling
our products.  Every state in the USA allows you to recruit new multi-
level business partners, and we offer a product for EVERY dollar sent.
YOUR ORDERS COME AND ARE FILLED THROUGH THE MAIL, so you are not
involved in personal selling.  You do it privately in your own home,
store or office.

This is the GREATEST Multi-level Mail Order Marketing anywhere:

Step (1)   Order all four 4 REPORTS listed by NAME AND NUMBER.  Do this
           by ordering the REPORT from each of the four 4 names listed
           on the next page.  For each REPORT, send $5 CASH and a SELF-
           ADDRESSED, STAMPED envelope  (BUSINESS SIZE #10) to the
           person listed for the SPECIFIC REPORT.  International orders
           should also include $1 extra for postage.  It is essential
           that you specify the NAME and NUMBER of the report requested
           to the person you are ordering from.  You will need ALL FOUR
           4 REPORTS because you will be REPRINTING and RESELLING them.
           DO NOT alter the names or sequence other than what the
           instructions say.  IMPORTANT:  Always provide same-day
           service on all orders.

Step (2)   Replace  the  name  and  address  under  REPORT #1  with
           yours,  moving the one that was there down to REPORT #2.
           Drop  the  name and address under REPORT #2 to REPORT #3,
           moving the one that was there to REPORT #4.  The name and
           address that was under REPORT #4 is dropped from the list
           and this party  is  no doubt on the way to the bank.  When
           doing   this,   make   certain   you  type  the  names  and
           addresses ACCURATELY!  DO NOT MIX UP MOVING PRODUCT/REPORT
           POSITIONS!!!

Step (3)   Having made the required changes in the NAME list, save it
           as a text (.txt) file in it's own directory to be used with
           whatever email program you like.  Again, REPORT #3 will tell
           you the best methods of bulk emailing and acquiring email
           lists.

Step (4)   Email a copy of the entire program (all of this is very
           important) to everyone whose address you can get your hands
           on. Start with friends and relatives since you can encourage
           them to take  advantage of this  fabulous  money-making
           opportunity.  That's what I did.  And they love me now, more
           than ever.  Then, email to anyone and everyone!  Use your
           imagination!  You can get email addresses from companies on
           the internet who specialize in email mailing lists.  These
           are very cheap, 100,000 addresses for around $35.00.

IMPORTANT:  You won't get a good response if you use an old list, so
always request a FRESH, NEW list. You will find out where to purchase
these lists when you order the four 4 REPORTS.

ALWAYS PROVIDE SAME-DAY SERVICE ON ALL ORDERS!!!

REQUIRED REPORTS

***Order each REPORT by NUMBER and NAME***

ALWAYS SEND A SELF-ADDRESSED, STAMPED ENVELOPE
AND $5 CASH FOR EACH ORDER REQUESTING THE
SPECIFIC REPORT BY NAME AND NUMBER
You must included youe e-mail address

________________________________________________________
REPORT #1
"HOW TO MAKE $250,000 THROUGH MULTI-LEVEL SALES"

ORDER REPORT #1 FROM:

High Five
4715 So. Cathay Ct.
Aurora, CO  80015                        
_______________________________________________________
REPORT #2
"MAJOR CORPORATIONS AND MULTI-LEVEL SALES"

ORDER REPORT #2 FROM:

Excalibur Holdings
P.O. Box 480511
Denver, CO  80248

________________________________________________________
REPORT#3
"SOURCES FOR THE BEST MAILING LISTS"

ORDER REPORT #3 FROM

Frank Zimmerman
1430 Franklin Street
Denver, CO 80218
_____________________________________________________________
REPORT #4
"EVALUATING MULTI-LEVEL SALES PLANS"

ORDER REPORT #4 FROM:

Mike Dercklaw
7060 Niagra Street
Commerce  City, CO  80022

________________________________________________________

CONCLUSION

I am enjoying my fortune that I made by sending out this program.
You too, will be making money in 20 to 90 days, if you follow the
SIMPLE STEPS outlined in this mailing.

To be financially independent is to be FREE.  Free to make financial
decisions as never before.  Go into business, get into investments,
retire or take a vacation.  No longer will a lack of money hold you
back.

However, very few people reach financial independence, because when
opportunity knocks, they choose to ignore it.  It is much easier to say
"NO" than "YES", and this is the question that you must answer.  Will
YOU ignore this amazing opportunity or will you take advantage of it?
If you do nothing, you have indeed missed something and nothing will
change.  Please re-read this material, this is a special opportunity.
If you have any questions, please feel free to write to the sender of
this information.  You will get a prompt and informative reply.

My method is simple.  I sell thousands of people a product for $5 that
costs me pennies to produce and email.  I should also point out that
this program is legal and everyone who participates WILL make money.
This is not a chain letter or pyramid scam.  At times you have probably
received chain letters, asking you to send money, on faith, but getting
NOTHING in return, NO product what-so-ever!  Not only are chain letters
illegal, but the risk of someone breaking the chain makes them quite
unattractive.

You are offering a legitimate product to your people.  After they
purchase the product from you, they reproduce more and resell them.
It's simple free enterprise.  As you learned from the enclosed material,
the PRODUCT is a series of four 4 FINANCIAL AND BUSINESS REPORTS.  The
information contained in these REPORTS will not only help you in making
your participation in this program more rewarding, but will be useful
to you in any other business decisions you make in the years ahead.
You are also buying the rights to reprint all of the REPORTS, which
will be ordered from you by those to whom you mail this program.  The
concise one and two page REPORTS you will be buying can easily be
reproduced at a local copy center for a cost off about 3 cents a copy.
Best wishes with the program and Good Luck!

"IT WAS TRULY AMAZING"

"Not being the gambling type, it took me several weeks to make up my
mind to participate in this program.  But conservative as I am, I
decided that the initial investment was so little that there was no way
that I could not get enough orders to at least get my money back.  BOY,
was I ever surprised when I found my medium sized post office box
crammed with orders!  I will make more money this year than any ten
years of my life before."

                                        Mary Riceland, Lansing, MI

TIPS FOR SUCCESS

Send for your four 4 REPORTS immediately so you will have them when the
orders start coming in.  When you receive a $5 order, you MUST send out
the product/service to comply with US Postal and Lottery laws.  Title
18 Sections 1302 and 1341 specifically state that:  "A PRODUCT OR
SERVICE MUST BE EXCHANGED FOR MONEY RECEIVED."

WHILE YOU WAIT FOR THE REPORTS TO ARRIVE:

1.      Name your new company. You can use your own name if you desire.

2.      Get a post office box (preferred).

3.      Edit the names and addresses on the program. You must remember,
        your name and address go next to REPORT #1 and the others all
        move down one, with the fourth one being bumped OFF the list.

4.      Obtain as many email addresses as possible to send until you
        receive the information on mailing list companies in REPORT #3.

5.      Decide on the number of programs you intend to send out.  The
        more you send, and the quicker you send them, the more money
        you will make.

6.      After mailing the programs, get ready to fill the orders.

7.      Copy the four 4 REPORTS so you are able to sent them out as
        soon as you receive an order. IMPORTANT: ALWAYS PROVIDE
        SAME-DAY SERVICE ON ORDERS YOU RECEIVE!

8.      Make certain the letter and reports are neat and legible.

YOUR GUARANTEE

The check point which GUARANTEES your success is simply this:  you must
receive 15 to 20 orders for REPORT #1.  This is a must!!!  If you don't
within two weeks, email out more programs until you do.  Then a couple
of weeks later you should receive at least 100 orders for REPORT #2, if
you don't, send out more programs until you do.  Once you have received
100 or more orders for REPORT #2, (take a deep breath) you can sit back
and  relax,  because  YOU  ARE  GOING TO  MAKE  AT  LEAST  $50,000.
Mathematically  it  is  a  proven  guarantee.   Of  those  who  have
participated in the program and reached the above GUARANTEES-ALL have
reached their $50,000 goal.  Also, remember, every time your name is
moved down the list you are in front of a different REPORT, so you can
keep track of your program by knowing what people are ordering from you.
IT'S THAT EASY, REALLY, IT IS!!!

REMEMBER:
"HE WHO DARES NOTHING, NEED NOT HOPE FOR ANYTHING."
"INVEST A LITTLE TIME, ENERGY AND MONEY NOW OR
SEARCH FOR IT FOR THE REST OF YOUR LIFE."





---


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From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Mon Jan 10 08:43:22 2000
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PUZZLE NUMBER 15


=20


Further Work on Nucleosomal DNA

=20

Mirzabekov et al. (40) reported their study of the sequence in which =
nucleosomal histones are brought into contact with DNA wrapped around =
the nucleosomal core proteins.

They observed that the first 20 bp of both 5' ends of the DNA are not in =
close association with any core histones even though the 3' ends, paired =
with those same 5' ends which are not in any contact, are indeed in =
close association with parts of histones H2A and H3.

How would it be, in a double helix with 2 full turns in the last 20 bp =
at each end, that only the 3' ends, but not the 5' ends, would lie in =
close association with core histones ?

There is a clue in (37) and in the true side-by-side structure found by =
Lee et al. (Puzzle 1, ref.1), and found by other STM & AFM workers. If =
the 5' end of the duplex twists away from the nucleosome surface in =
order to prepare to make contact with the next nucleosome, then it would =
be only the 3' end alone which is left in contact with the histones.

What other explanation could one suggest ?

------------------------------------------------------=20

40 Primary Organisation of Nucleosome Core Particle of Chromatin: =
Sequence of Histone Arrangement Along DNA; A.D. Mirzabekov, V.A. Shick, =
A.V. Belyavsky & S.G. Bavykin; Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. (USA) Vol 75 (1978) =
4184 - 4188



Clive Delmonte

For a view of all the DNA Structure Puzzles
and the DNA publications, please refer to:
http://www.c-i-delmonte.freeserve.co.uk

------=_NextPart_000_000A_01BF5B46.BD04A5E0
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-8859-1" =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D"MSHTML 5.00.2014.210" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>
<CENTER><B><FONT face=3DArial size=3D+1>PUZZLE NUMBER =
15</FONT></B></CENTER>
<P></P>
<P>
<CENTER><FONT face=3DArial>&nbsp;</FONT></CENTER>
<P></P>
<P>
<CENTER><U><FONT face=3DArial>Further Work on Nucleosomal =
DNA</FONT></U></CENTER>
<P></P>
<P><FONT face=3DArial>&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=3DArial>Mirzabekov et al. (40) reported their study of the =
sequence=20
in which nucleosomal histones are brought into contact with DNA wrapped =
around=20
the nucleosomal core proteins.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=3DArial>They observed that the first 20 bp of both 5' ends =
of the=20
DNA are not in close association with any core histones even though the =
3' ends,=20
paired with those same 5' ends which are not in any contact, are indeed =
in close=20
association with parts of histones H2A and H3.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=3DArial>How would it be, in a double helix with 2 full =
turns in the=20
last 20 bp at each end, that only the 3' ends, but not the 5' ends, =
would lie in=20
close association with core histones ?</FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=3DArial>There is a clue in (37) and in the true =
side-by-side=20
structure found by Lee et al. (Puzzle 1, ref.1), and found by other STM =
&amp;=20
AFM workers. If the 5' end of the duplex twists away from the nucleosome =
surface=20
in order to prepare to make contact with the next nucleosome, then it =
would be=20
only the 3' end alone which is left in contact with the =
histones.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=3DArial>What other explanation could one suggest =
?</FONT></P>
<P><FONT=20
face=3DArial>------------------------------------------------------</FONT=
> </P>
<P><FONT face=3DArial>40 Primary Organisation of Nucleosome Core =
Particle of=20
Chromatin: Sequence of Histone Arrangement Along DNA; A.D. Mirzabekov, =
V.A.=20
Shick, A.V. Belyavsky &amp; S.G. Bavykin; Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. (USA) =
Vol 75=20
(1978) 4184 - 4188</FONT></P>
<P>&nbsp;</P>
<P>Clive Delmonte</P></DIV>
<DIV>For a view of all the DNA Structure Puzzles<BR>and the DNA =
publications,=20
please refer to:<BR><A=20
href=3D"http://www.c-i-delmonte.freeserve.co.uk">http://www.c-i-delmonte.=
freeserve.co.uk</A></DIV></BODY></HTML>

------=_NextPart_000_000A_01BF5B46.BD04A5E0--



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From: David Scott <djs17@york.ac.uk>
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Hia
Where can I find the absorption coefficent for Hemin (oxidised/reduced)

thanks in advance

d.

--
*********************************
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In article <3879CB3C.D6A427FD@york.ac.uk>, David Scott <djs17@york.ac.uk> wrote:

> Hia
> Where can I find the absorption coefficent for Hemin (oxidised/reduced)

I have a note in my lab book that says the molar E580nm is 10500/cm
in 2.5 M NaOH and claims I first saw this in the Merck Index
but I can't find it in the copy I have to hand.  You can trust
me as far as you dare.

   Bernard

-- 
Bernard P. Murray, PhD
bpmurray at cgl . ucsf . edu
Department of Cellular & Molecular Pharmacology, UCSF


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From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Tue Jan 11 23:13:28 2000
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From: shf@cco.caltech.edu (Simon H. Friedman)
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Subject: Re: DNA Structure Puzzle # 14
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I would make one warning about using molecular mechanics/dynamics
to check on a novel DNA structure:  The modern nucleic acid 
force fields to my knowledge have been parameterized so that
they _don't_ diverge far from "canonical" forms.  (i.e. B helix)
Their designers want them to reproduce "experiment" as well
as possible.   So lets say that what we know as "experiment", the
double helix of crystal structures, is an anomally and that the
more accurate structure is some sort of side by side model, then
using a force field that was designed to spit out canonical B
DNA will not be a fair test of the side by side structure.  I 
think it would make more sense to use a high quality small moleucle
force field like MM3 that has never "seen" a double helix to
test any non-standard DNA structure that Clive generates.
Of course any such results can only suggest possibilities and 
eliminate any patently false models (containing steric clashes
for example)   Also, to my knowledge "accurate" simulations
of DNA are nighmareish:  all that charge to contend with, how
to quench it realistically etc.  

I for one am open to the possibility that there are multiple 
conformations of DNA that are close enough in energy to each 
other that they are differently populated under different 
conditions.  I must confess that I have not digested all of the "puzzles"
but they seem intriguing.  There is at least one other 
person who has made a catalogue of oddities from the literature
that they claim point to a non-helical form of DNA being 
important in biochemistry.   (see www.notahelix.com)

So who knows?  There are more things in heaven and earth etc etc.....!


Simon Friedman


In article <8522j2$4fn$1@newsg4.svr.pol.co.uk>,
Clive Delmonte <clivedelmonte@c-i-delmonte.freeserve.co.uk> wrote:
>Dave !
>
>Thank you for your response.  Taking your points in order,
>
>1    the industries based upon the enzymology and molecular biology of DNA
>are, I suggest, not based upon the properties of a double helix, as such,
>but upon the existence of complementary base pairing in nucleotides, and
>this base pairing is not in dispute.  This is why those industries do not
>have a problem with the aspect of DNA structure about which there should be
>a dispute - namely the existence or otherwise of plectonemic winding between
>the strands.  (Also not in dispute is the antiparallel disposition of the
>two strands.)
>
>2     as you imply, it is not necessary to totally rethink all the data.
>Those areas of research which would benefit from a rethink, in my opinion,
>are those seeking to design proteins and synthetic drugs which are intended
>to interact with duplex DNA.  Such designs will struggle if they are based
>upon a defective perception of the arrangement of one strand with respect to
>the other.
>
>
>Science moves forward by scrutinising that evidence which does not fit in
>with the accepted hypothesis or paradigm, not by just accepting the evidence
>which does.  This is why I consider that it is worthwhile to spend time and
>effort on the DNA Structure Puzzles, of which there are well over 30 (though
>I intend to cite only about 20).
>
>I notice that you do not offer an explanation of the results of McGhee and
>Felsenfeld cited in Puzzle #14, any more than did the original workers.
>There are many dozens of papers in the field of the biophysics of duplex DNA
>sharing that same feature as the paper of McGhee & Felsenfeld, namely, the
>reporting of results which cry out for an explanation. In all of these
>papers, regarding an explanation of their results, the authors remain
>totally silent.
>
>I shall be very glad to take up your offer of computations in the molecular
>mechanics of the model sketched out in the website, as I am unable to carry
>these out myself.  Currently I am preparing a model from which I hope to be
>able to deduce the torsion angles, etc., from which I will seek to prepare a
>PDB file in the coming weeks.
>
>In the meantime, perhaps you will enjoy chewing over the Puzzles in any of
>your quieter moments.
>
>Clive
>
>For a view of all the DNA Structure Puzzles
>and the DNA publications, please refer to:
>http://www.c-i-delmonte.freeserve.co.uk
>
>
>David Konerding <dek@nano.ucsf.edu> wrote in message
>news:slrn86sjhg.1qc.dek@nano.nmr.ucsf.edu...
>> On Sat, 1 Jan 2000 12:59:55 -0000, Clive Delmonte
><clivedelmonte@c-i-delmonte.freeserve.co.uk> wrote:
>> >PUZZLE NUMBER 14
>> >
>> >The Methylation of Nucleosomal DNA
>>
>> Y'know, I mean know disrespect, but frankly your so-called "DNA PUZZLES"
>are a load
>> of bull.  You may raise some interesting inconsistencies, but none of your
>conclusions
>> that DNA does not have a double helix structure have any basis in fact.
>There is way too
>> much evidence coming from enzymology and other fields which have
>established that
>> DNA is a antiparallel double helix in aqueous solution- in fact, an entire
>INDUSTRY
>> is founded on this fact.  Certainly alternative forms can be modelled and
>may exist
>> in some odd cases (Z-DNA, for example, is stable in high-salt solutions
>and may
>> also be stabilized in the chromosomes), but you're really not convincing
>us that
>> we need to totally rethink all of our data from a different perspective.
>>
>> If you really have a model that you think is valid, send it to me as
>> a PDB file and I will compute the molecular mechanics energy.  If its
>> energy is anywhere as good as that of B-DNA, I will be most surprised.
>>
>> Dave
>> --
>> --------------------------------------------------------------------------
>------
>> Email: dek@cgl.ucsf.edu    David Konerding     WWW:
>http://picasso.ucsf.edu/~dek
>> --------------------------------------------------------------------------
>------
>> Snail: Graduate Group in Biophysics
>> Medical Sciences 926, Box 0446
>> University of California
>> San Francisco, CA 94143
>
>


-- 



Simon H. Friedman


From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Wed Jan 12 15:10:20 2000
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From: giraldez@eucmos.sim.ucm.es (Dept. Bioquímica, Fac. Veterinaria)
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On behalf on the Organisers of the Purines 2000 Meeting that 
will take place in Madrid from 9-13th July 2000, we are delighted 
to make the following announcements:

1.- The programmes of the Plenary lectures, Symposia and 
Workshops is now available on the WEB SITE:  

http://www.ucm.es/info/pur2000

for you to consult. 

2.- You will receive in January the programme by post, although 
we recommend you to have a look on the website in order to 
take into account the deadlines for the different aspects of the 
meeting such as meeting registration, abstracts, hotel 
accommodation etc. 

3.- You are invited to submit your abstract online. Be sure that 
you follow the instructions carefully. 

4.- We strongly recommend you not wait until the last moment to 
make the hotel reservation and abstract submission. Hotel 
accommodation will be processed in a "first come -first served" 
basis.

5.- IMPORTANT DATES:

Deadline for abstract submission: 29th February 2000
Deadline for reduced registration: 29th February 2000
Deadline for Hotel booking: 29th April 2000





From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Thu Jan 13 11:14:56 2000
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From: "Clive Delmonte" <clivedelmonte@c-i-delmonte.freeserve.co.uk>
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Hello Simon !

Thank you for your timely and helpful remarks about the pitfalls of
molecular mechanics calculations.   I wonder who is using MM3, or where the
MM3 package is in use ?

I am familiar with the work of Ken Biegeleisen (www.notahelix.com), though
thank you for mentioning it.  As I recall, after discussion of the work of
Vinograd and Lebowitz, Biegeleisen develops a discussion of the nominally
"side-by-side" model of Rodley et al.  As you may recall, Crick, Wang &
Bauer (J Mol Biol Vol 129 (1979) 449 - 461) have discussed this model in
topological terms and have shown that it does have a net plectonemic winding
of its own, so that it cannot resolve the unwinding problem, or the Linking
Number Paradox.

In my recent correspondence with Gordon Rodley, his current view is that his
model may be present in the linker DNA between nucleosomes, and this could
resolve Puzzle #15.

As a relaxed duplex, true side-by-side the model sketched out in my website
has identically zero plectonemic turns over any and all lengths, and subject
to a demonstration otherwise, seems to offer a resolution of all the
Puzzles.

I would be very glad to hear whether there is any deficiency in the true
side-by-side model that anyone can see.

Clive Delmonte

For a view of all the DNA Structure Puzzles
and the DNA publications, please refer to:
http://www.c-i-delmonte.freeserve.co.uk
Simon H. Friedman <shf@cco.caltech.edu> wrote in message
news:85gdaj$14q@gap.cco.caltech.edu...
> I would make one warning about using molecular mechanics/dynamics
> to check on a novel DNA structure:  The modern nucleic acid
> force fields to my knowledge have been parameterized so that
> they _don't_ diverge far from "canonical" forms.  (i.e. B helix)
> Their designers want them to reproduce "experiment" as well
> as possible.   So lets say that what we know as "experiment", the
> double helix of crystal structures, is an anomally and that the
> more accurate structure is some sort of side by side model, then
> using a force field that was designed to spit out canonical B
> DNA will not be a fair test of the side by side structure.  I
> think it would make more sense to use a high quality small moleucle
> force field like MM3 that has never "seen" a double helix to
> test any non-standard DNA structure that Clive generates.
> Of course any such results can only suggest possibilities and
> eliminate any patently false models (containing steric clashes
> for example)   Also, to my knowledge "accurate" simulations
> of DNA are nighmareish:  all that charge to contend with, how
> to quench it realistically etc.
>
> I for one am open to the possibility that there are multiple
> conformations of DNA that are close enough in energy to each
> other that they are differently populated under different
> conditions.  I must confess that I have not digested all of the "puzzles"
> but they seem intriguing.  There is at least one other
> person who has made a catalogue of oddities from the literature
> that they claim point to a non-helical form of DNA being
> important in biochemistry.   (see www.notahelix.com)
>
> So who knows?  There are more things in heaven and earth etc etc.....!
>
>
> Simon Friedman





From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Thu Jan 13 18:05:15 2000
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From: foozleman@no.worldnet.att.net
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Uncle Al wrote:

> *Tenths* of nanometers?  How big is a gold atom?  There aren't any
> metal "beads" at that scale.  The best you can do is colloidal
> nanocrystals whose surfaces are decorated with amine, phosphine, or
> thiol anti-aggregants.
>
> It's in the literature.

Your comment is of *extreme* interest to me, since I've just discovered
that a biological hydrogen-bonded complex I've been working with has
"nanocolloid" properties...and it does tend to aggregate.  Colloid
chemistry & physics is not my field.  Can you give me a clue as to where
in the literature I can find out about "amine, phosphine, or thiol
anti-aggregants"?  I've tried some web searches, to no avail.  Thanks!

PS  Your web site is a gas!  (Xenon, I think.)

------------------------------------------------------------------------
To respond directly, drop "no" from return address.  --foozleman



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Check out
http://www.geocities.com/CollegePark/Union/2944/



From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Fri Jan 14 16:47:53 2000
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PUZZLE NUMBER 16

=20


RNA Polymerase Slides Along DNA
Kabata et al. (41) have found direct evidence that RNA polymerase slides =
along its target DNA and does not revolve around the duplex. =20

In correspondence with me, Dr Kabata indicated that he considered that =
there would have to be two reading frames, each deployed on alternating =
half turns, because every alternating half turn of the DNA would be =
facing away from the polymerase in a double-helical, cylindrically =
symmetrical duplex DNA.

The true side-by-side duplex DNA found by Lee et al. under STM (Puzzle =
1, ref.1) is not cylindrically symmetrical, and therefore only access =
from limited directions would be possible for proteins approaching, and =
needing to "read" the stacked base pairs in the duplex.=20

Therefore sequence-sensitive polymerases, restriction endonucleases and =
transcription proteins could operate on just one face using only one =
reading frame to decode the base sequence.

-----------------------------------------------------=20

41 Visualisation of Single Molecules of RNA Polymerase Sliding along =
DNA; H. Kabata, O. Kurosawa, I. Arai, M. Washizu, S.A. Margarson, R.E. =
Glass & N. Shimamoto; SCIENCE Vol 262 (1993) 1561 - 1562



Clive Delmonte

For a view of all the DNA Structure Puzzles
and the DNA publications, please refer to:
http://www.c-i-delmonte.freeserve.co.uk

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<CENTER><B><FONT face=3DArial size=3D+1>PUZZLE NUMBER =
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<CENTER><U><FONT face=3DArial>RNA Polymerase Slides Along =
DNA</FONT></U></CENTER>
<P><FONT face=3DArial>Kabata et al. (41) have found direct evidence that =
RNA=20
polymerase slides along its target DNA and does not revolve around the=20
duplex.&nbsp; </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=3DArial>In correspondence with me, Dr Kabata indicated =
that he=20
considered that there would have to be two reading frames, each deployed =
on=20
alternating half turns, because every alternating half turn of the DNA =
would be=20
facing away from the polymerase in a double-helical, cylindrically =
symmetrical=20
duplex DNA.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=3DArial>The true side-by-side duplex DNA found by Lee et =
al. under=20
STM (Puzzle 1, ref.1) is not cylindrically symmetrical, and therefore =
only=20
access from limited directions would be possible for proteins =
approaching, and=20
needing to "read" the stacked base pairs in the duplex.</FONT> </P>
<P><FONT face=3DArial>Therefore sequence-sensitive polymerases, =
restriction=20
endonucleases and transcription proteins&nbsp;could operate on just one =
face=20
using only one reading frame to decode the base sequence.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT =
face=3DArial>-----------------------------------------------------</FONT>=
=20
</P>
<P><FONT face=3DArial>41 Visualisation of Single Molecules of RNA =
Polymerase=20
Sliding along DNA; H. Kabata, O. Kurosawa, I. Arai, M. Washizu, S.A. =
Margarson,=20
R.E. Glass &amp; N. Shimamoto; SCIENCE Vol 262 (1993) 1561 -=20
1562</FONT></P><BR><BR>Clive Delmonte</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>For a view of all the DNA Structure Puzzles<BR>and the DNA =
publications,=20
please refer to:<BR><A=20
href=3D"http://www.c-i-delmonte.freeserve.co.uk">http://www.c-i-delmonte.=
freeserve.co.uk</A></DIV></BODY></HTML>

------=_NextPart_000_000A_01BF5EAD.D39D0760--



From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Sat Jan 15 08:35:15 2000
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From: Uncle Al <UncleAl0@hate.spam.net>
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Subject: Re: Gold beads
Date: 14 Jan 2000 09:20:51 -0600
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foozleman@no.worldnet.att.net wrote:
> 
> Uncle Al wrote:
> 
> > *Tenths* of nanometers?  How big is a gold atom?  There aren't any
> > metal "beads" at that scale.  The best you can do is colloidal
> > nanocrystals whose surfaces are decorated with amine, phosphine, or
> > thiol anti-aggregants.
> >
> > It's in the literature.
> 
> Your comment is of *extreme* interest to me, since I've just discovered
> that a biological hydrogen-bonded complex I've been working with has
> "nanocolloid" properties...and it does tend to aggregate.  Colloid
> chemistry & physics is not my field.  Can you give me a clue as to where
> in the literature I can find out about "amine, phosphine, or thiol
> anti-aggregants"?  I've tried some web searches, to no avail.  Thanks!
> 
> PS  Your web site is a gas!  (Xenon, I think.)

It's all over J. Am. Chem. Soc. and other places.

http://google.com/ "quantum dots" or nanocrystals  Easy.  Trivially
easy.
http://www.mitre.org/research/nanotech/quantum_dot.html
http://www.physics.gatech.edu/research/whetten/  for gold.

-- 
Uncle Al
http://www.mazepath.com/uncleal/
http://www.ultra.net.au/~wisby/uncleal/
http://www.guyy.demon.co.uk/uncleal/
 (Toxic URLs! Unsafe for children and most mammals)
"Quis custodiet ipsos custodes?"  The Net!



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Hi1 everyone
I wnat to know the term of concentration quenching in fluorescence. I have a phenomenon which has increasing fluorescence even though chromophore was reduced. I heard that it's a kind of concentration quenching. Is it right? please comment this and let me the reference related concentration quenching, please. 
thanks your help!!^^
==================================================
No.