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From: George Hammond <ghammond@mediaone.net>
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Subject: Formation of Metaphase plate in Mitosis?
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[Hammond]
  I am a physicist, not a biologist, so excuse my
elementary views in this area.
  I understand that during metaphase in mitosis, that
the chromosomes (DNA molecules) align themselves in the
"metaphase plate" which is the future cleavage plane
of the cell.
  Can anyone tell me some more details of this alignment?
For instance:

	1. Do the chromosomes lie in the plane, or 
           perpendicular to the plane?
	2. Are they randomly oriented in the plane,
           or do they all point in the same direction?
	3. At what point do they become attached to the
           microtubules (spindles) so that the whole
           assembly forms a rigid mechanical structure?
	4. Are the chromosomes arranged into diploid "pairs"
           during this alignment, or as 46 individual
           randomly positioned chromosomes, in the plane?
  	5. Any "geometrical" or "mechanical-configurational"
           observations would be of extreme interest.

  Thanks in advance, George Hammond
-- 
BE SURE TO VISIT MY WEBSITE, BELOW:
-----------------------------------------------------------
George Hammond, M.S. Physics
Email:    ghammond@mediaone.net
Website:  http://people.ne.mediaone.net/ghammond/index.html
-----------------------------------------------------------




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[Hammond] (physicist)
  The discovery of HOX genes, as I understand it, has
proven that there is an axial isomorphism between the
axial gene sequence on a DNA strand, and the axial
sequence of body segments in simple animals (insects).
In other words, it has been demonstrated that one end of
the DNA strand codes for the head of an insect, and
the other end codes for the tail of the insect (roughly
generalizing to be sure).
  Since both DNA molecules and animals, are also bilaterally
symmetric.. this leads to the inevitable conjecture that
there is a complete geometric isomorphism between the DNA
molecule and the zoological body plan.
  What I want to know is this:  Is there a simple way to
test this idea?  If one were to snip off one end of a DNA
molecule for a fruit fly or something; could it possibly
produce a fruit fly with no head or no tail?  Or is such
gross manipulation generally lethal to the point where
nothing would be reproduced?  This of course, would be
the equivalent of a "Roux's experiment" in genetics.  As
you will recall, Roux, the Father of Embryology discovered
that if you kill one of the cells in the two cell stage
of a (mosaic) egg, you will get half an animal.

  Secondly, if it IS true that the DNA molecule is a 
"homunculus" of the human body, is it a reasonable conjecture
that some where along the line, there must be a physical
alignment of the DNA molecule with the human body (or
what is equivalent, with the cell); most likely occurring during
the metaphaseplate-chromosome alignment during mitosis?
I mean, if there is an axial isomorphism of the HOX genes
and the body segments; why else would such a mechanical
isomorphism exist unless there were a "mechanical isomorphism"
somewhere in the growth process itself?
GH
-- 
BE SURE TO VISIT MY WEBSITE, BELOW:
-----------------------------------------------------------
George Hammond, M.S. Physics
Email:    ghammond@mediaone.net
Website:  http://people.ne.mediaone.net/ghammond/index.html
-----------------------------------------------------------




From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Wed Nov  1 14:59:16 2000
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From: epand@fhs.csu.mcmaster.ca ("Richard M. Epand")
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I would like to call your attention to a meeting to be held in Boston on
February 17th on the topic "The Role of Membranes in Cell Death". The
programme for this meeting is:

Membrane Structure and Assembly
12:00 – 6:00 PM, Room 304, Hynes Convention Centre
Saturday, February 17, 2001



 The Role of Membranes in Cell Death

12:00
Introduction
Richard M. Epand
McMaster University

I.	Cell membranes and Apoptosis
Sarah Spiegel and Barry Lentz (Chairs)
Georgetown University Medical Center (SS); Univ. of North Carolina (BL)

12:10 P.M.
Mitochondrial Membranes in Apoptotic and Necrotic Cell Death
John J. Lemasters
University of North Carolina

12:30 P.M.
Requirement for acidic sphingomyelinase in CD95/Fas/APO-1-induced death
Richard N. Kolesnick
Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center

12:50 P.M.
Cellular Functions of Ceramide: Impact of Physicochemical Properties
Paavo Kinunen and Juta M. Holopainen
University of Helsinki

1:00 P.M.
Sphingomyelin domain formation and ceramide signaling. The interface between
physical and biological studies
Alicia Alonso
Universidad del País Vasco

1:10 – 1:30 General Discussion

1:30 – 2:00 Coffee Break


II.	Antimicrobial peptides
Robert Lehrer and Michael Zasloff (Chairs)
University of California, Los Angeles (RL); Magainin Corp. (MZ)

2:00
Lipid modulation of the properties of channel-forming peptides
Olaf Sparre Andersen
Weill Medical College of Cornell University

2:20
Why and how are peptide-lipid interactions utilized for host-defense?
Katsumi Matsuzaki
Kyoto University

2:40
The nature of transmembrane pores formed by antimicrobial peptides
Huey W. Huang
Rice University

3:00
Specific interaction of the lantibiotic nisin with Lipid II leads to highly
efficient pore formation
E.J. Breukink, B.B. Bonev, I. Wiedermann, H-G. Sahl, A. Watts and B. de
Kruijff
University of Utrecht (EJB, BK); Oxford University (BBB, AW); Univ. Bonn
(IW, H-GS)

3:20
Peptide-Mediated Vesicle-Vesicle Contact: A Role in Antibacterial Action
Yolanda Cajal and Mahendra Kumar Jain
University of Barcelona (YC) and Univ. of Delaware (MKJ)


3:40
Beta-amino acid oligomers with magainin-like activity
Sam Gellman
University of Wisconsin

Discussion of Antimicrobial Peptides
Paul Axelsen and Hans Vogel (Chairs)
University of Pennsylvania (PA); Univ. of Calgary (HV)

4:00
The Carpet Mechanism for Membrane Permeation by Antimicrobial Peptides: A
Molecular Basis for Cell Selective Lytic Peptides
Yechiel Shai
Weizmann Institute of Science

4:10
The Role of Hydrophobic Interactions for the Specific Membrane Damaging
Activities of Antimicrobial Peptides
Karl Lohner
Institut für Biophysik und Röntgenstrukturforschung

4:20
The Interaction of the antimicrobial peptide gramicidin S with lipid bilayer
model membranes
E.J. Prenner, R.N.A.H. Lewis and Ronald N. McElhaney
University of Alberta

4:30 – 4:50 General Discussion

4:50 – 5:10 Subgroup Business meeting

5:10 – 6:00 Subgroup mixer

We are grateful to Avanti Polar Lipids, Alabaster, AL and NPS
Pharmaceuticals, Salt Lake City, UT for their financial support of this
meeting.





---




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The 2001 International Conference on Mathematics and Engineering
Techniques in Medicine and Biological Sciences
(METMBS'2001)
http://www.cns.bu.edu/metmbs/

June 25 - 28, 2001
Monte Carlo Resort, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA
Call for Papers



Recent advances in computer technology have provided the tools and the
environment to study, analyze, and better understand complex systems. This
technological development has enabled researchers to collect and analyze
massive amounts of data to a scale previously not possible. The impact of
this technology is now being felt in the medical field and in the biological
sciences.   In recent years, research in interdisciplinary areas such as
Bioinformatics and computer assisted medical decision-making has
dramatically intensified.  METMBS'2001 aims to provide a platform for
researchers to present and discuss recent breakthroughs in this area.

The METMBS'2001 Conference will be held concurrently (i.e., same location
and dates) with a number of international conferences: International
Conference on Parallel and Distributed Processing Techniques and
Applications (PDPTA'2001), the International Conference on Imaging Science,
Systems, and Technology (CISST'2001), International Conference on Internet
computing (IC'2001), ...

The last concurrent meeting of this group of conferences in year 2000 had
research contributions from 46 countries (the events held in Las Vegas had
over 1100 participants from all over the world.)  It is hoped that
METMBS'2001 will maintain its strong international flavor in this year's
meeting as well.

You are invited to submit a draft paper of about 4 pages and/or a proposal
to organize a technical session (see below for submission information).  All
accepted papers will be published in the conference proceedings.

THE NAMES OF TECHNICAL SESSION CHAIRS WILL APPEAR AS ASSOCIATE EDITORS ON
THE COVER OF THE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS.



SCOPE

Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, the following:

o Bioinformatics: This includes informatics techniques in genomics gene
sequencing, gene pattern discovery, gene pattern-function studies, and other
genomics related studies).

o Data mining in medicine and biological sciences.

o Pattern recognition in medicine and biological sciences.

o Signal processing in medicine and biological sciences (e.g. biomedical
signal processing, etc.)
o Image processing in medicine and biological sciences (e.g. biomedical
image processing, biomedical imaging, etc.)

o Medical decision-making.
o Medical Physics.
o Biomedical Engineering.
o Biomedical Electronics.
o Biosignal interpretation.
o Any application of computers in Medicine and biological sciences (protein
structure-function analysis, drug and protein design, molecular modeling and
simulation, etc.)
o Application of information technology in biomedicine (e.g. medical
database management, information retrieval and use of computers in
hospitals)
o Application of Computational Intelligence (artificial neural networks,
fuzzy logic, and evolutionary computing) in medicine and biological sciences
o Medical and bio-computing.
o Computer-based medical systems (automation in medicine, etc.)
o Recent history (1990-1999) of Mathematics and engineering techniques in
medicine and biological sciences, and what to expect during the next decade
(2000-2009); New horizons. Review articles)
o Other aspects and applications relating to technological advancements in
medicine and biological sciences.



SUBMISSION OF PAPERS

Prospective authors are invited to submit three copies of their draft paper
(about 4 pages) to F. Valafar (address is given below) by March 1, 2001.
E-mail and Fax submissions are also acceptable.  The length of the
Camera-Ready papers (if accepted) will be limited to 7 pages.  Papers must
not have been previously published or currently submitted for publication
elsewhere.

The first page of the draft paper should include: title of the paper, name,
affiliation, postal address, E-mail address, telephone number, and Fax
number for each author.  The first page should also include the name of the
author who will be presenting the paper (if accepted) and a maximum of 5
keywords.


PROPOSAL FOR ORGANIZING TECHNICAL SESSIONS

Each technical session will have  at least 6 paper presentations.  The
session chairs will be responsible for all aspects of their sessions,
including soliciting papers, reviewing, selecting, ...

The names of session chairs will appear as Associate Editors in the
conference proceedings.  After the conference, some sessions will be
considered for publication in appropriate journals as Special Issues with
the session proposer as the Guest Editor of the journal.

Proposals to organize technical sessions should include the following
information: name and address (+ E-mail) of the proposer, title of session,
a 100-word description of the topic of the session, and a short description
on how the session will be advertised (in most cases, session proposers
solicit papers from colleagues and researchers whose work is known to the
session proposer).

Mail your proposal to F. Valafar (address is given below); E-mail
submissions are preferred.


EVALUATION PROCESS

Papers will be evaluated for originality, significance, clarity, and
soundness.  Two researchers in the topical area will referee each paper.
The Camera-Ready papers will be reviewed by one person.


PUBLICATION

The conference proceedings will be published by CSREA Press (ISBN).  The
proceedings will be available at the conference.  Some accepted papers will
also be considered for journal publication (soon after the conference).


ORGANIZERS/SPONSORS

A number of university faculty members and their staff, in cooperation with
the Monte Carlo Resort (Conference Division, Las Vegas), will be organizing
the conference.  The conference will be sponsored by Computer Science
Research, Education, & Applications Press (CSREA: USA Federal EIN #
58-2171953) in cooperation with research centers, international
associations, international research groups, and developers of
high-performance machines and systems.  The complete list of sponsors and
co-sponsors will be available at a later time.

The last conference's sponsors included: CSREA, the National Supercomputing
Center for Energy and the Environment - DOE, The International Association
for Mathematics and Computers in Simulation, The International Technology
Institute (ITI), The Java High Performance Computing research group, World
Scientific and Engineering Society, Sundance Digital Signal Processing Inc.,
the Computer Vision Research and Applications Tech., and more.


LOCATION OF CONFERENCE

The conference will be held in the Monte Carlo Resort Hotel, Las Vegas,
Nevada, USA.  This is a mega hotel with excellent conference facilities and
over 3000 rooms.  The hotel is minutes from the Las Vegas airport with free
shuttles to and from the airport.  This hotel has many vacation and
recreational attractions, including: waterfalls, casino, spa, pools & kiddie
pools, sunning decks, Easy River water ride, wave pool with cascades,
lighted tennis courts, health spa (with workout equipment, whirlpool, sauna,
...), arcade virtual reality game rooms, nightly shows, snack bars, a number
of restaurants, shopping area, bars, ...  Many of these attractions are open
24 hours a day and most are suitable for families and children.  The
negotiated hotel's room rate for conference attendees is very reasonable
($79 + tax) per night (no extra charge for double occupancy) for the
duration of the conference.

The hotel is within walking distance from most other Las Vegas attractions
(major shopping areas, recreational destinations, fine dining and night
clubs, free street shows, and more).

For the benefit of our international colleagues: the state of Nevada
neighbors with the states of California, Oregon, Idaho, Utah, and Arizona.
Las Vegas is only a few driving hours away from other major cities and
attractions, including: Los Angeles, San Diego, Phoenix, the Grand Canyon,
and more.


EXHIBITION

An exhibit is planned for the duration of the conference.  We have reserved
20+ exhibit spaces.  Interested parties should contact F. Valafar (address
is given below).  All exhibitors will be considered to be the co-sponsors of
the conference.


IMPORTANT DATES

March 1, 2001 (Thursday):       Draft papers (about 4 pages) due
April 2, 2001 (Monday):         Notification of acceptance
May 1, 2001 (Tuesday):          Camera-Ready papers & Prereg. due
June 25 - 28, 2001:             METMBS'2001 Conference

Proposals to organize technical sessions should be submitted as soon as
possible.  All accepted papers are expected to be presented at the
conference.


MEMBERS OF PROGRAM & ORGANIZING COMMITTEES

The Program Committee is currently being formed.  Those interested in
joining the Program Committee should e-mail F. Valafar (faramarz@cns.bu.edu)
the following information: Name, affiliation and position, complete mailing
address, e-mail address, tel/fax numbers, a short biography together with
research interests.


OTHER INFORMATION

It is planned to add other related conferences and workshops to be held
simultaneously (same location and dates) creating an international
multiconference.  Each conference will have it's own proceedings and
technical/research sessions.


CONFERENCE CONTACT:

          Faramarz Valafar
          Cognitive and Neural Systems
          Boston University
          677 Beacon Street
          Boston, MA 02215

          Tel: (617) 353-5134
          Fax: (617) 353-7755
          E-mail: Faramarz@cns.bu.edu




---




From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Fri Nov  3 09:20:20 2000
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Hi!

   Could anybody out there help me with a problem of
protein analysis? I want to calculate the area of
the surface of a given protein accessible to solvent.
The protein is defined in a .pdb file or similar.

Protein Explorer allows me to display the surface
as a 2D graphic, so that this information must be
accessible to it, but I do not seem to be able to
find the button which would give me the answer in
square angstroms.

Perhaps I need to fork out real money to buy a
proper program? Could anybody advise me which program
does what I want?

Best regards,

Zigoteau.




Sent via Deja.com http://www.deja.com/
Before you buy.




From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Tue Nov  7 04:16:16 2000
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From: Axel Boldt <axel@uni-paderborn.de>
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Subject: Electrophoresis: why mobility linear in log(weight)?
Date: 07 Nov 2000 05:15:58 +0100
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Hi,

in gel electrophoresis of particles whose charges are proportional to
their molecular masses and whose shapes are "long strings", the
observed velocity depends roughly linearly on the logarithm of the
molecular mass (if applied voltage, temperature, particle density, pH,
gel concentration, ionic strength etc. are constant). Can anybody
think of a model that would predict this relationship?

Thanks,
  Axel
-- 
 Axel Boldt  **  axel@uni-paderborn.de  **  math-www.uni-paderborn.de/~axel/
 Sponsor free software at the Free Software Bazaar visar.csustan.edu/bazaar/




From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Tue Nov  7 21:43:33 2000
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From: Peter Lasch <LaschP@peter-lasch.de>
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zigoteau@my-deja.com wrote:
> 
> Hi!
> 
>    Could anybody out there help me with a problem of
> protein analysis? I want to calculate the area of
> the surface of a given protein accessible to solvent.
> The protein is defined in a .pdb file or similar.
> 
> Protein Explorer allows me to display the surface
> as a 2D graphic, so that this information must be
> accessible to it, but I do not seem to be able to
> find the button which would give me the answer in
> square angstroms.
> 
> Perhaps I need to fork out real money to buy a
> proper program? Could anybody advise me which program
> does what I want?
> 
> Best regards,
> 
> Zigoteau.
> 
> Sent via Deja.com http://www.deja.com/
> Before you buy.


try the program 'NACCESS' Version 2.1 (Hubbard & Thornton, 1993) (I don't know
if it is freeware or you have to buy it).


Hope this helps


Peter


-- 
****************************************
        Dr. Peter Lasch
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
 City University of New York (CUNY)
  695 Park Ave, New York 10021 NY
      Tel.: +1 212-772-5388
      Fax.: +1 212-772-5332
    e-mail:LaschP@hotmail.com
    http://www.peter-lasch.de
****************************************




From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Thu Nov  9 09:51:47 2000
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From: "Sofie Ludwig" <Sofie.Ludwig@gmx.de>
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Subject: cell adhesion on coated coated
Date: Thu, 9 Nov 2000 10:49:07 +0100
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Hello
I´m about to start some studies on cell adhesion on surfaces coated with
different substances such as cell culture flasks.
Does anyone has any ideas how I can test the stickiness (adherence forces)
of the cells.

Thanks
Sofie






From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Thu Nov  9 13:06:25 2000
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From: v_matveev@hotmail.com ("Vladimir Matveev")
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Subject: Newest definition of a cellular signal
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Newest definition of a cellular signal and the description of the protein=
 model of a cellular signal transduction see in the following paper:

V.V.Matveev. Evidence of a new type of protein-protein interaction: desen=
sitized actomyosin blocks Ca2+-sensitivity of the natural one. A possible=
 model for an intracellular signalling system related to actin filaments.=
 Physiological Chemistry Physics & Medical NMR, 32: 167-179, 2000.

ABSTRACT see here: http://members.nbci.com/vm_spb/actomyosin/signal.htm

V.Matveev
v_matveev@hotmail.com____________________________________________________=
_______
Get more from your time online.  FREE MSN Explorer download : http://expl=
orer.msn.com

------=_NextPart_001_0004_01C04A65.396BEAE0
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<HTML><BODY STYLE=3D"font:10pt verdana; border:none;"><DIV><BR><BR>Newest=
 definition of a cellular signal and the description of the protein model=
 of a cellular signal transduction see in the following paper:</DIV> <DIV=
>&nbsp;</DIV> <DIV>V.V.Matveev. Evidence of a new type of protein-protein=
 interaction: desensitized actomyosin blocks Ca2+-sensitivity of the natu=
ral one. A possible model for an intracellular signalling system related =
to actin filaments. Physiological Chemistry Physics &amp; Medical NMR, 32=
: 167-179, 2000.</DIV> <DIV>&nbsp;</DIV> <DIV>ABSTRACT see here: <A href=3D=
"http://members.nbci.com/vm_spb/actomyosin/signal.htm">http://members.nbc=
i.com/vm_spb/actomyosin/signal.htm</A></DIV> <DIV>&nbsp;</DIV> <DIV>V.Mat=
veev<BR><A href=3D"mailto:v_matveev@hotmail.com">v_matveev@hotmail.com</A=
><BR></DIV></BODY></HTML><DIV><BR>_______________________________________=
____________________<BR>Get more from your time online.  FREE MSN Explore=
r download : http://explorer.msn.com</DIV>

------=_NextPart_001_0004_01C04A65.396BEAE0--


---




From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Thu Nov  9 14:46:07 2000
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From: rh@mblab.gla.ac.uk (Robert Hartley)
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Subject: Re: cell adhesion on coated coated
Date: Thu, 09 Nov 2000 14:16:31 -0800
Organization: Centre for Cell Engineering
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In article <8udruf$fkv$1@lnews.rz.hu-berlin.de>, "Sofie Ludwig"
<Sofie.Ludwig@gmx.de> wrote:

Hi Sophie.

> Hello
> I´m about to start some studies on cell adhesion on surfaces coated with
> different substances such as cell culture flasks.

Firstly what type of cell are you using. EG if using epithellial cells you
may find that the cells will become mesenchymal if they don't like the
surface.

You should choose a cell that will not be changed too easily. Usually one
that dosn't require specialist media will be OK EG. BHK21. 3T3 etc.

> Does anyone has any ideas how I can test the stickiness (adherence forces)
> of the cells.

have a read at

 TITLE        Measuring cell adhesion.
 PUBL. INFO.  Chichester : J. Wiley, 1991.
 NOTE         "This book had its origin in a Council of Europe funded workshop
                held in Glasgow in 1987"
 SUBJECT      Cell adhesion.
 OTHER AUTH   Curtis, A. S. G. Adam Sebastian Genevieve, 1934-
              Lackie, J. M. John M.

One way not in the book to measure the adhesion is to relate cell number
adhered to the adhesive force, since the number of cells adhered will
"perhaps" be related to this. Personally I don't like this, but it should
give you a quick method of determining which samples to look at in greater
detail.  
> 
> Thanks
> Sofie

Cheers
Bob; Sunny Scotland

PS usually you should curtail your posting to less than 5 groups. :-)

I dont mind but others might :-)

-- 
Robert Hartley, Centre for Cell Engineering,Joseph Black Building
University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ Tel: ++44 (0)141 330 4756, 
Fax: 0141 330 3730 mailto:rh@mblab.gla.ac.uk
Web : http://www.gla.ac.uk/Inter/CellEngineering




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asdfasdf





From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Thu Nov  9 19:34:33 2000
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This posting is to introduce readers to my web site
http://freespace.virgin.net/john.hewitt1/  "A Habit of Lies - How Scientists
Cheat."  Besides its particular field, the work is essentially about
establishment censorship and self-interest in science.

The scientists in question include include some very senior figures.  The
subject area is cell biology, particularly motility of eukaryotic cells.
This is a large field with implications for many areas of cell biology and
the biophysics of membranes but readers will realise that my work is not a
proestablishment document.

I would very much welcome comments about the site itself, especially from
anyone who could, with authority, challenge my assertions, but I will not be
routinely browsing this discussion group.  If you post a response, please
copy your comments to me by E-mail, to the address on my site, mentioning
the newsgroup to which you have posted.  That way, you will be sure I will
read it and can reply to you.  (If you E-mail by replying to this posting,
you will need to correct the spelling of virgin in the address field.)


--

Sincerely Yours


John Hewitt





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Hello,

we are in urgent need of a service manual for a Continuum Surelite II
Nd:YAG laser. Since there is no representative in Switzerland, we would
like to fix a presumably small problem with the electronics ourselves.
Contiuum has turned our request for information down.

If you can help, please let me know. We would of course cover all costs
resulting from shipping, xeroxing etc.

With best wishes

--
Ernst Niggli
Department of Physiology
University of Bern
Buehlplatz 5
CH-3012 Bern / Switzerland

E-mail: niggli@pyl.unibe.ch

WWW:
http://beam.to/Ernst_Niggli
http://beam.to/calcium_quark

Phone: +41 31 631 8730
Fax:   +41 31 631 4611





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ss





From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Fri Nov 10 14:00:30 2000
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From: "Sofie Ludwig" <Sofie.Ludwig@gmx.de>
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Subject: Re: cell adhesion on coated coated
Date: Fri, 10 Nov 2000 14:46:55 +0100
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Hi Robert,
thanks for reading my question and you literature tip.


> > Hello
> > I´m about to start some studies on cell adhesion on surfaces coated with
> > different substances such as cell culture flasks.
>
> Firstly what type of cell are you using. EG if using epithellial cells you
> may find that the cells will become mesenchymal if they don't like the
> surface.

tests should be performed with primary endothelial and epithelial cells
(nasal, bronchial, keratinocytes).

Sofie





From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Fri Nov 10 15:29:58 2000
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Hello every one

I am Krishna Juttada, I have small favour from. I am just looking for
some procedure to prepare .02 mM, 2 mM and 20 mM solutions.

Herewith I am giving detail information.

I am mixing differnt solution like Oxylinic acid, Chloramine-T and
remaining DOC. I want these information and how to caliculate the ionic
strength,

  Solution                                 pH( variable)         Fixed
Ionic strength

10 ppm of mixed sample   --   6.0 --                     (2 mM and 20 oC

Temp)

10 ppm of mixed sample   --   7.0 --                     (2 mM and 20 oC

Temp)

10 ppm of mixed sample   --   8.5 --                     (2 mM and 20 oC

Temp)


10 ppm of mixed sample   --   6.0 --                     (20 mM and 20
oC Temp)

10 ppm of mixed sample   --   7.0 --                     (20 mM and 20
oC Temp)

10 ppm of mixed sample   --   8.5 --                     (20 mM and 20
oC Temp)

My problem is.

How I can make this ionic strength solutions?
I want to keep pH variable and ionic strength constant.  ?

I am greatful to you if you can supply me this information

Regards

Krishna Juttada

--
Juttada Krishna
17 Broom House Avenue
Edinburgh - Eh11 3SD
Phone : (44) (131) 449 5111 Ext :4734 ( Office)
Phone : (44) (131) 476 0059
Fax   : (44) (131) 451 3129
URL   : http://www.krishnajuttada.itgo.com



---




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From: "Nigel Dyer" <nigel.dyer@luke1017.demon.co.uk>
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Subject: Re: DNA versus Roux's experiment
Date: Sat, 11 Nov 2000 10:19:50 -0000
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George Hammond <ghammond@mediaone.net> wrote in message
news:3A00061F.3BD5AAB1@mediaone.net...

> [Hammond] (physicist)
>   The discovery of HOX genes, as I understand it, has
> proven that there is an axial isomorphism between the
> axial gene sequence on a DNA strand, and the axial
> sequence of body segments in simple animals (insects).
> In other words, it has been demonstrated that one end of
> the DNA strand codes for the head of an insect, and
> the other end codes for the tail of the insect (roughly
> generalizing to be sure).

There is a sort of half truth here.  The HOX genes are expressed in sequence
down the body plan, but they seem to be the stakes in the ground that mark
out the rough ouline of the house.  The detailed house plans that determine
what needs to be done at each of these 'stakes' are not so clearly
distrubuted, indeed I think it would be fair to say that we still have a
very unclear picture as to how the genes that code for RNA -> proteins are
expressed in a way that makes the body plan happen as it does

>   Since both DNA molecules and animals, are also bilaterally
> symmetric.. this leads to the inevitable conjecture that
> there is a complete geometric isomorphism between the DNA
> molecule and the zoological body plan.

I'm not sure that this follows.  perhaps a better analogue is that the DNA
is like a hologram that contains the body plan info in a highly encoded way,
where, apart from a few simple cases like the HOX genes, the information is
'smeared' out over all the DNA.  The problem is that we still do not know
how to decode the DNA hologram

>   What I want to know is this:  Is there a simple way to
> test this idea?  If one were to snip off one end of a DNA
> molecule for a fruit fly or something; could it possibly
> produce a fruit fly with no head or no tail?  Or is such
> gross manipulation generally lethal to the point where
> nothing would be reproduced?

Nature already does this for us in some ways.  Males have an X chromosome,
females do not, but I think that it would be a very brave and stupid person
to suggest that a female is a male with some bits missing.

There are various other genetic abnormalities both natural and induced that
show that there is no such simple mapping.

  This of course, would be
> the equivalent of a "Roux's experiment" in genetics.  As
> you will recall, Roux, the Father of Embryology discovered
> that if you kill one of the cells in the two cell stage
> of a (mosaic) egg, you will get half an animal.
>
>   Secondly, if it IS true that the DNA molecule is a
> "homunculus" of the human body, is it a reasonable conjecture
> that some where along the line, there must be a physical
> alignment of the DNA molecule with the human body (or
> what is equivalent, with the cell); most likely occurring during
> the metaphaseplate-chromosome alignment during mitosis?
> I mean, if there is an axial isomorphism of the HOX genes
> and the body segments; why else would such a mechanical
> isomorphism exist unless there were a "mechanical isomorphism"
> somewhere in the growth process itself?

Nice idea.  If only it were that simple.

But keep looking, the answer is there somewhere, and it may take someone
from outside biology to spot it.  I am a telecommunications engineer, and
part of our history is that the first automatic telephone exchange was
invented by an undertaker called Strowger.  The telecommunications engineers
of his time said it could not be done.

> GH
> --
> BE SURE TO VISIT MY WEBSITE, BELOW:
> -----------------------------------------------------------
> George Hammond, M.S. Physics
> Email:    ghammond@mediaone.net
> Website:  http://people.ne.mediaone.net/ghammond/index.html
> -----------------------------------------------------------


--
Nigel Dyer, Liverpool, UK
nigel.dyer@luke1017.demon.co.uk







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From: andreip@bellsouth.net ("Andrei Popescu")
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>   Since both DNA molecules and animals, are also bilaterally
> symmetric.. this leads to the inevitable conjecture that
> there is a complete geometric isomorphism between the DNA
> molecule and the zoological body plan.

My oppinion is that there is no such isomorphism. The two things are
governed by completely different laws. DNA, even large, are molecules,
therefore they are quantum objects whereas the body is a macroscopic object.
>From the symetry of an atom doesn't necesarily follow the symetry of
agregates of atoms, not all symetric atoms form crystals, for example. From
the symetry of a crystal doesn't follow the symetry of a planet. From the
symetry of a planet doesn't follow the symetry of a galaxy and so on. People
try to find relations between unrelated objects all the time and they
sometimes succeed, but only rarely these kinds of relations can provide
something useful. Which, of course, doesn't mean we should stop trying...

The analogy DNA/hologram that Nigel gave is excellent. I think of DNA as a
hard disk that containes data. The data is highly fragmented, but not
compressed, on the contrary, it contains lots of 0s, like a sparse matrix.
And there is no isomorphism between the magnetic crystals that form the
magnetic surface of the disk and the information stored ... :-)

Andrei Popescu





---




From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Sun Nov 12 04:44:20 2000
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From: gordonr@Ms.UManitoba.CA (Richard Gordon)
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Dear Nigel,
I like your analogy with "stakes in the ground". I've suggested (url 
below) that the "stakes" may be the launching sites of a perhaps 
nested set of differentiation waves.
Best, -Dick Gordon

>"The HOX genes are expressed in sequence
>down the body plan, but they seem to be the stakes in the ground that mark
>out the rough ouline of the house.  The detailed house plans that determine
>what needs to be done at each of these 'stakes' are not so clearly
>distrubuted...
>
>I'm not sure that this follows.  perhaps a better analogue is that the DNA
>is like a hologram that contains the body plan info in a highly encoded way,
>where, apart from a few simple cases like the HOX genes, the information is
>'smeared' out over all the DNA.  The problem is that we still do not know
>how to decode the DNA hologram
>...But keep looking, the answer is there somewhere, and it may take someone
>from outside biology to spot it.  I am a telecommunications engineer, and
>part of our history is that the first automatic telephone exchange was
>invented by an undertaker called Strowger.  The telecommunications engineers
>of his time said it could not be done."

>Nigel Dyer, Liverpool, UK
>nigel.dyer@luke1017.demon.co.uk

-- 

Dr. Richard Gordon, Radiology
University of Manitoba, HSC Rm. GA216, 820 Sherbrook St.
Winnipeg R3A 1R9 Canada
phone:(204)789-3828, fax:(204)787-2080, e-mail: GordonR@ms.umanitoba.ca
New book: The Hierarchical Genome & Differentiation Waves: Novel 
Unification of Development, Genetics & Evolution: 
http://www.wspc.com.sg/books/lifesci/2755.html
Adjunct: Electrical & Computer Engineering, Exec Member: CSTB, CARRF, 
IEEE-EMBS. 


---




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From: rwallace@pegasus.cc.ucf.edu (Ronald L Wallace)
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Subject: Comparative lipid data query.
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Hello everyone.

Does anyone know of recent investigations into neural membrane lipid 
species ratios in specific brain structures of different animal species?
An example would be the typical lipid species ratios (determined by
sample) in the neural membrane of the hippocampal CA3 in rat, rabbit, and
monkey.  I know that Gennis' book on the membrane included tabular data of
this type, but wondered if there is something more recent.  Many thanks.

Ron Wallace


---




From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Sun Nov 12 22:10:18 2000
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From: zigoteau@my-deja.com
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Subject: Re: Help requested: Solvent accessibility areas
Date: Sun, 12 Nov 2000 21:59:11 GMT
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In article <3A087A98.C0902153@peter-lasch.de>,
  Peter Lasch <LaschP@peter-lasch.de> wrote:

Hi Peter,
> >
> >    Could anybody out there help me with a problem of
> > protein analysis? I want to calculate the area of
> > the surface of a given protein accessible to solvent.
> > The protein is defined in a .pdb file or similar.

> try the program 'NACCESS' Version 2.1 (Hubbard & Thornton,
> 1993) (I don't know
> if it is freeware or you have to buy it).
>
Thanks. I'll get searching for it right away.

Best regards,

Zigoteau.


Sent via Deja.com http://www.deja.com/
Before you buy.




From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Mon Nov 13 19:30:45 2000
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From: jupitersci@altavista.net
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Subject: Upcoming Meteor Shower
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The Leonid meteor shower will take place from
November 16 to Novembe 18.
This year, a quarter moon interferes with observing and
the number of meteors is expected to be less than last year.
For viewing information, go to
http://ajanta.sci.ccny.cuny.edu/~jupiter/pub/sciinfo/leonid.html

(This event is probably of interest to all scientists.)


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From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Tue Nov 14 20:33:05 2000
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From: specialty_travel@quickleads.com
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Subject: Your 60 day Free offer!
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From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Tue Nov 14 20:58:35 2000
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From: "Cell-Lining" <info@cell-lining.de>
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Subject: Re: cell adhesion on coated coated
Date: Tue, 14 Nov 2000 21:54:46 +0100
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Hi Sofie,
Cell-Lining has developed a Flow Chamber System which is designed to
generate defined shear stresses in a flow channel. The cells are cultured
previously on coverslips (which you can coat with different substances like
adhesions factors). The cells could be observed microscopically in the
chamber, so you will see the loss of cell adhesion based on increasing
medium flow rates in the Chamber. Since the flow chamber has a rectangular
cross-section, the flow rates and shear stresses can be calculated exactly.
So, you can determine the physical parameters of loss of cell adhesion.

Dr. C. Lübke

http://www.cell-lining.de
info@cell-lining.de







From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Thu Nov 16 14:34:02 2000
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From: Andre Juffer <Andre.Juffer@oulu.fi>
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Subject: Ph.D. studentship
Date: Thu, 16 Nov 2000 16:22:59 +0200
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Job openings in Biocomputing in Finland:

The Biocomputing Research group at the Department of Biochemistry
of the University of Oulu seeks candidates to fill a Ph.D. student
position:

- Theoretical investigations of prostatic proteins.

The project is strongly application oriented and consists of
employing Bioinformatical and computer simulation techniques. The
project is part of an extensive collaboration that was recently
initiated
and aims at the characterization of the structure-function relationship
and biological significance of selective prostatic proteins. One aspect
of interest is to find natural ligands for these proteins with
Bioinformatical techniques and also to compute affinities of these
ligands
for the protein in question. Another research item is to test by
theoretical means the hypothesis if these proteins possibly can bind
to cell membranes.

The position is immediately available.

If you have interest in joining the Biocomputing group, please send your
application with a C.V. to

Dr. Andre H. Juffer
Biocenter and Department of Biochemistry
University of Oulu
P.O. Box 3000
FIN-90401 Oulun Yliopisto
Oulu
Finland
Email: Andre.Juffer@oulu.fi
WWW: http://www.biochem.oulu.fi/tutkimus/Biocomputing/




From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Fri Nov 17 03:49:23 2000
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*******************************************************************

					GRADUATE TRAINING IN THE
		DEPARTMENT OF COGNITIVE AND NEURAL SYSTEMS (CNS)
					AT BOSTON UNIVERSITY

*******************************************************************

The Boston University Department of Cognitive and Neural Systems
offers comprehensive graduate training in the neural and computational
principles, mechanisms, and architectures that underlie human and
animal behavior, and the application of neural network architectures
to the solution of technological problems.

The brochure may also be viewed on line at:

http://www.cns.bu.edu/brochure/

and application forms at:

http://www.bu.edu/grs/forms

Applications for Fall 2001 admission and financial aid are now being
accepted for both the MA and PhD degree programs.

To obtain a brochure describing the CNS Program and a set of application
materials, write, telephone, or fax:

DEPARTMENT OF COGNITIVE AND NEURAL SYSTEMS
Boston University
677 Beacon Street
Boston, MA 02215

617/353-9481 (phone)
617/353-7755 (fax)

or send via e-mail your full name and mailing address to the attention
of Mr. Robin Amos at:

						inquiries@cns.bu.edu

Applications for admission and financial aid should be received by the
Graduate School Admissions Office no later than January 15.  Late
applications will be considered until May 1; after that date
applications will be considered only as special cases.

Applicants are required to submit undergraduate (and, if applicable,
graduate) transcripts, three letters of recommendation, and Graduate
Record Examination (GRE) scores. The Advanced Test should be in the
candidate's area of departmental specialization. GRE scores may be
waived for MA candidates and, in exceptional cases, for PhD
candidates, but absence of these scores will decrease an applicant's
chances for admission and financial aid.

Non-degree students may also enroll in CNS courses on a part-time
basis.

*******************************************************************

Description of the CNS Department:

The Department of Cognitive and Neural Systems (CNS) provides advanced
training and research experience for graduate students interested in
the neural and computational principles, mechanisms, and
architectures that underlie human and animal behavior, and the
application of neural network architectures to the solution of
outstanding technological problems. Students are trained in a broad
range of areas concerning computational neuroscience, cognitive
science, and neuromorphic systems, including the brain mechanisms of
vision and visual object recognition; audition, speech, and language
understanding; recognition, learning, categorization, and long-term
memory; cognitive information processing; self-organization and
development; navigation, planning, and spatial orientation;
cooperative and competitive network dynamics and short-term memory;
reinforcement and motivation; attention; adaptive sensory-motor
control and robotics; biological rhythms; consciousness; mental
disorders; and the mathematical and computational methods needed to
support advanced modeling research and applications. The CNS
Department awards MA, PhD, and BA/MA degrees.

The CNS Department embodies a number of unique features. It has
developed a curriculum that consists of eighteen interdisciplinary
graduate courses, each of which integrates the psychological,
neurobiological, mathematical, and computational information needed
to theoretically investigate fundamental issues concerning mind and
brain processes and the applications of neural networks to
technology. Additional advanced courses, including research
apprenticeship and seminar courses, are also offered. Each course is
typically taught once a week in the afternoon or evening to make the
program available to qualified students, including working
professionals, throughout the Boston area. Students develop a
coherent area of expertise by designing a program that includes
courses in areas such as biology, computer science, engineering,
mathematics, and psychology, in addition to courses in the CNS
curriculum.

The CNS Department interacts with colleagues in several Boston
University research centers or groups, and with Boston-area
scientists collaborating with these centers. The unit most closely
linked to the department is the Center for Adaptive Systems.
Students interested in neural network hardware can work with
researchers in CNS, at the College of Engineering, and at M.I.T.
Lincoln Laboratory. Other research resources include distinguished
research groups in neurophysiology, neuroanatomy, and neuropharmacology
across the Boston University Charles River Campus and Medical School;
in sensory robotics, biomedical engineering, computer and systems
engineering, and neuromuscular research within the College of
Engineering; in dynamical systems within the Mathematics Department;
in theoretical computer science within the Computer Science
Department; and in biophysics and computational physics within the
Physics Department. Key colleagues in these units hold appointments
in CNS.

In addition to its basic research and training program, the
department conducts a seminar series, as well as conferences and
symposia, which bring together distinguished scientists from both
experimental, theoretical, and applied disciplines.

The department is housed in its own four-story building which
includes ample space for faculty and student offices and laboratories
(computational neuroscience, visual psychophysics, psychoacoustics,
speech and language, sensory-motor control, neurobotics, computer
vision), as well as an auditorium, classroom and seminar rooms, a
library, and a faculty-student lounge. The department has a powerful
computer network for carrying out large-scale simulations of
behavioral and brain models.

Below are listed departmental faculty, courses and labs.


FACULTY AND STAFF OF THE DEPARTMENT OF COGNITIVE AND NEURAL
SYSTEMS AND CENTER FOR ADAPTIVE SYSTEMS

Jelle Atema
Professor of Biology
Director, Boston University Marine Program (BUMP)
PhD, University of Michigan
Sensory physiology and behavior.

Helen Barbas
Professor of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine
PhD, Physiology/Neurophysiology, McGill University
Organization of the prefrontal cortex, evolution of the neocortex.

Jacob Beck
Research Professor of Cognitive and Neural Systems
PhD, Psychology, Cornell University
Visual perception, psychophysics, computational models of vision.

Daniel H. Bullock
Associate Professor of Cognitive and Neural Systems, and Psychology
PhD, Experimental Psychology, Stanford University
Sensory-motor performance and learning, voluntary control of action,
serial order and timing, cognitive development.

Gail A. Carpenter
Professor of Cognitive and Neural Systems and Mathematics
Director of Graduate Studies, Department of Cognitive and Neural Systems
PhD, Mathematics, University of Wisconsin, Madison
Learning and memory, synaptic processes, pattern recognition, remote
sensing,
medical database analysis, machine learning, differential equations.

Michael A. Cohen
Associate Professor of Cognitive and Neural Systems and Computer Science
PhD, Psychology, Harvard University
Speech and language processing, measurement theory, neural modeling,
dynamical systems, cardiovascular oscillations physiology and time series.

H. Steven Colburn
Professor of Biomedical Engineering
PhD, Electrical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Audition, binaural interaction, auditory virtual environments,
signal processing models of hearing.

Howard Eichenbaum
Professor of Psychology
PhD, Psychology, University of Michigan
Neurophysiological studies of how the hippocampal system mediates
declarative memory.

William D. Eldred III
Professor of Biology
PhD, University of Colorado, Health Science Center
Visual neuralbiology.

Paolo Gaudiano
Research Associate Professor of Cognitive and Neural Systems
PhD, Cognitive and Neural Systems, Boston University
Computational and neural models of robotics, vision, adaptive sensory-motor
control, and behavioral neurobiology.

Jean Berko Gleason
Professor of Psychology
PhD, Harvard University
Psycholinguistics.

Sucharita Gopal
Associate Professor of Geography
PhD, University of California at Santa Barbara
Neural networks, computational modeling of behavior, geographical
information
systems, fuzzy sets, and spatial cognition.

Stephen Grossberg
Wang Professor of Cognitive and Neural Systems
Professor of Mathematics, Psychology, and Biomedical Engineering
Chairman, Department of Cognitive and Neural Systems
Director, Center for Adaptive Systems
PhD, Mathematics, Rockefeller University
Vision, audition, language, learning and memory, reward and motivation,
cognition, development, sensory-motor control, mental disorders,
applications.

Frank Guenther
Associate Professor of Cognitive and Neural Systems
PhD, Cognitive and Neural Systems, Boston University
MSE, Electrical Engineering, Princeton University
Speech production, speech perception, biological sensory-motor control and
functional brain imaging.

Catherine L. Harris
Assistant Professor of Psychology
PhD, Cognitive Science and Psychology, University of California at San Diego
Visual word recognition, psycholinguistics, cognitive semantics,
second language acquisition, computational models of cognition.

Michael E. Hasselmo
Associate Professor of Psychology
Director of Graduate Studies, Psychology Department
PhD, Experimental Psychology, Oxford University
Electrophysiological studies of neuromodulatory effects in cortical
structures, network biophysical simulations of memory function in
hippocampus and piriform cortex, behavioral studies of amnestic drugs.

Thomas G. Kincaid
Professor of Electrical, Computer and Systems Engineering, College of
Engineering
PhD, Electrical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Signal and image processing, neural networks, non-destructive testing.

Mark Kon
Professor of Mathematics
PhD, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Neural network theory, complexity theory, wavelet theory, mathematical
physics.

Nancy Kopell
Professor of Mathematics
PhD, Mathematics, University of California at Berkeley
Dynamics of networks of neurons.

Jacqueline A. Liederman
Associate Professor of Psychology
PhD, Psychology, University of Rochester
Dynamics of interhemispheric cooperation; prenatal correlates of neuro-
developmental disorders.

Ennio Mingolla
Professor of Cognitive and Neural Systems and Psychology
PhD, Psychology, University of Connecticut
Visual perception, mathematical modeling of visual processes.

Joseph Perkell
Adjunct Professor of Cognitive and Neural Systems
Senior Research Scientist, Research Lab of Electronics and Department of
Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
PhD, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Motor control of speech production.

Alan Peters
Professor of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine
PhD, Zoology, Bristol University, United Kingdom
Organization of neurons in the cerebral cortex; effects of aging on
the primate brain; fine structure of the nervous system.

Andrzej Przybyszewski
Research Fellow, Department of Cognitive and Neural Systems
Assistant Professor, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester
PhD, Warsaw Medical Academy
Electrophysiology of the primate visual system, mathematical and computer
modeling of the neuronal networks in the visual system.

Adam Reeves
Adjunct Professor of Cognitive and Neural Systems
Professor of Psychology, Northeastern University
PhD, Psychology, City University of New York
Psychophysics, cognitive psychology, vision.

Mark Rubin
Research Fellow, Department of Cognitive and Neural Systems
Staff Member, Sensor Exploitation Group, MIT Lincoln Laboratory
PhD, Physics, University of Chicago
Pattern recognition; artificial and biological vision.

Michele Rucci
Assistant Professor of Cognitive and Neural Systems
PhD, Scuola Superiore, Pisa, Italy
Vision, sensory-motor control and learning, and computational neuroscience.

Elliot Saltzman
Associate Professor of Physical Therapy, Sargent College
Research Scientist, Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT
Assistant Professor in Residence, Department of Psychology and Center for
the Ecological Study of Perception and Action, University of Connecticut,
Storrs, CT
PhD, Developmental Psychology, University of Minnesota
Modeling and experimental studies of human sensorimotor control and
coordination of the limbs and speech articulators, focusing on issues
of timing in skilled activities.

Robert Savoy
Adjunct Associate Professor of Cognitive and Neural Systems
Scientist, Rowland Institute for Science
Experimental Psychologist, Massachusetts General Hospital
PhD, Experimental Psychology, Harvard University
Computational neuroscience; visual psychophysics of color, form, and motion
perception.  Teaching about functional MRI and other brain mapping methods.

Eric Schwartz
Professor of Cognitive and Neural Systems; Electrical, Computer and Systems
Engineering; and Anatomy and Neurobiology
PhD, High Energy Physics, Columbia University
Computational neuroscience, machine vision, neuroanatomy, neural modeling.

Robert Sekuler
Adjunct Professor of Cognitive and Neural Systems
Research Professor of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering,
BioMolecular Engineering Research Center
Frances and Louis H. Salvage Professor of Psychology, Brandeis University
Consultant in neurosurgery, Boston Children's Hospital
PhD, Psychology, Brown University
Visual motion, brain imaging, relation of visual perception, memory, and
movement.

Barbara Shinn-Cunningham
Assistant Professor of Cognitive and Neural Systems and Biomedical
Engineering
PhD, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology
Psychoacoustics, audition, auditory localization, binaural hearing,
sensorimotor adaptation, mathematical models of human performance.

Malvin Teich
Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Biomedical Engineering,
and Physics
PhD, Cornell University
Quantum optics and imaging, photonics, wavelets and fractal stochastic
processes, biological signal processing and information transmission.

Lucia Vaina
Professor of Biomedical Engineering
Research Professor of Neurology, School of Medicine
PhD, Sorbonne (France); Dres Science, National Politechnique Institute,
Toulouse (France)
Computational visual neuroscience, biological and computational learning,
functional
and structural neuroimaging.

Faramarz Valafar
Adjunct Assistant Professor of Cognitive and Neural Systems
PhD, Electrical Engineering, Purdue University
Bioinformatics, adaptive systems (artificial neural networks), data mining
and
modeling in medicine, medical decision making, pattern recognition and
signal
processing in biomedicine, biochemistry, and glycoscience.

Takeo Watanabe
Associate Professor of Psychology
PhD, Behavioral Sciences, University of Tokyo
Perception of objects and motion and effects of attention on perception
using
psychophysics and brain imaging (f-MRI).

Allen Waxman
Adjunct Associate Professor of Cognitive and Neural Systems
Senior Staff Scientist, MIT Lincoln Laboratory
PhD, Astrophysics, University of Chicago
Visual system modeling, multisensor fusion, image mining, parallel
computing,
and advanced visualization.

Jeremy Wolfe
Adjunct Associate Professor of Cognitive and Neural Systems
Associate Professor of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School
Psychophysicist, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Surgery Dept.
Director of Psychophysical Studies, Center for Clinical Cataract Research
PhD, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Visual attention, preattentive and attentive object representation.

Curtis Woodcock
Professor of Geography
Director, Geographic Applications, Center for Remote Sensing
PhD, University of California, Santa Barbara
Biophysical remote sensing, particularly of forests and natural vegetation,
canopy reflectance models and their inversion, spatial modeling, and change
detection; biogeography; spatial analysis; geographic information systems;
digital image processing.


CNS DEPARTMENT COURSE OFFERINGS

CAS CN500  Computational Methods in Cognitive and Neural Systems
CAS CN510  Principles and Methods of Cognitive and Neural Modeling I
CAS CN520  Principles and Methods of Cognitive and Neural Modeling II
CAS CN530  Neural and Computational Models of Vision
CAS CN540  Neural and Computational Models of Adaptive Movement Planning
			and Control
CAS CN550  Neural and Computational Models of Recognition, Memory and
Attention
CAS CN560  Neural and Computational Models of Speech Perception and
Production
CAS CN570  Neural and Computational Models of Conditioning, Reinforcement,
			Motivation and Rhythm
CAS CN580  Introduction to Computational Neuroscience
GRS CN700  Computational and Mathematical Methods in Neural Modeling
GRS CN720  Neural and Computational Models of Planning and Temporal
Structure
			in Behavior
GRS CN730  Models of Visual Perception
GRS CN740  Topics in Sensory-Motor Control
GRS CN760  Topics in Speech Perception and Recognition
GRS CN780  Topics in Computational Neuroscience
GRS CN810  Topics in Cognitive and Neural Systems: Visual Event Perception
GRS CN811  Topics in Cognitive and Neural Systems: Visual Perception

GRS CN911,912
Research in Neural Networks for Adaptive Pattern Recognition
GRS CN915,916
Research in Neural Networks for Vision and Image Processing
GRS CN921,922
Research in Neural Networks for Speech and Language Processing
GRS CN925,926
Research in Neural Networks for Adaptive Sensory-Motor Planning
and Control
GRS CN931,932
Research in Neural Networks for Conditioning and Reinforcement Learning
GRS CN935,936
Research in Neural Networks for Cognitive Information Processing
GRS CN941,942
Research in Nonlinear Dynamics of Neural Networks
GRS CN945,946
Research in Technological Applications of Neural Networks
GRS CN951,952
Research in Hardware Implementations of Neural Networks

CNS students also take a wide variety of courses in related departments.
In addition, students participate in a weekly colloquium series, an informal
lecture series, and student-run special interest groups, and attend lectures
and meetings throughout the Boston area; and advanced students work in small
research groups.


LABORATORY AND COMPUTER FACILITIES

The department is funded by fellowships, grants, and contracts from federal
agencies and private foundations that support research in life sciences,
mathematics, artificial intelligence, and engineering. Facilities include
laboratories for experimental research and computational modeling in
visual perception; audition, speech and language processing; and
sensory-motor control and robotics. Data analysis and numerical
simulations are carried out on a state-of-the-art computer network
comprised of Sun workstations, Silicon Graphics workstations, Macintoshes,
and PCs.  A PC farm running Linux operating systems is available as a
distributed computational environment.  All students have access to
X-terminals or UNIX workstation consoles, a selection of color systems and
PCs, a network of SGI machines, and standard modeling and mathematical
simulation packages such as Mathematica, VisSim, Khoros, and Matlab.

The department maintains a core collection of books and journals, and has
access both to the Boston University libraries and to the many other
collections of the Boston Library Consortium.

In addition, several specialized facilities and software are available for
use. These include:

Computer Vision/Computational Neuroscience Laboratory
The Computer Vision/Computational Neuroscience Lab is comprised of an
electronics workshop, including a surface-mount workstation, PCD
fabrication tools, and an Alterra EPLD design system; a light machine
shop; an active vision lab including actuators and video hardware; and
systems for computer aided neuroanatomy and application of computer
graphics and image processing to brain sections and MRI images.

Neurobotics Laboratory
The Neurobotics Lab utilizes wheeled mobile robots to study potential
applications of neural networks in several areas, including adaptive
dynamics and kinematics, obstacle avoidance, path planning and navigation,
visual object recognition, and conditioning and motivation. The lab
currently has three Pioneer robots equipped with sonar and visual sensors;
one B-14 robot with a moveable camera, sonars, infrared, and bump sensors;
and two Khepera miniature robots with infrared proximity detectors. Other
platforms may be investigated in the future.

Psychoacoustics Laboratory
The Psychoacoustics Lab houses a newly installed, 8 ft. x 8 ft. sound-proof
booth. The laboratory is  extensively equipped to perform both traditional
psychoacoustic experiments and experiments using interactive auditory
virtual-reality stimuli. The major equipment dedicated to the
psychoacoustics laboratory includes two Pentium-based personal computers;
two Power-PC-based Macintosh computers; a 50-MHz array processor capable
of generating auditory stimuli in real time; programmable attenuators;
analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog converters; a real-time head
tracking system; a special-purpose, signal-processing hardware system
capable of generating "spatialized" stereo auditory signals in real time;
a two-channel oscilloscope; a two-channel spectrum analyzer; various
cables, headphones, and other miscellaneous electronics equipment; and
software for signal generation, experimental control, data analysis, and
word processing.

Sensory-Motor Control Laboratory
The Sensory-Motor Control Lab supports experimental studies of motor
kinematics. An infrared WatSmart system allows measurement of large-scale
movements, and a pressure-sensitive graphics tablet allows studies of
handwriting and other fine-scale movements. Equipment includes a 40-inch
monitor that allows computer display of animations generated by an SGI
workstation or a Pentium Pro (Windows NT) workstation. A second major
component is a helmet-mounted, video-based, eye-head tracking system
(ISCAN Corp, 1997). The latter's camera samples eye position at 240Hz and
also allows reconstruction of what subjects are attending to as they
freely scan a scene under normal lighting. Thus the system affords a wide
range of visuo-motor studies.

Speech and Language Laboratory
The Speech and Language Lab includes facilities for analog-to-digital and
digital-to-analog software conversion. Ariel equipment allows reliable
synthesis and playback of speech waveforms. An Entropic signal processing
package provides facilities for detailed analysis, filtering, spectral
construction, and formant tracking of the speech waveform. Various large
databases, such as TIMIT and TIdigits, are available for testing
algorithms of speech recognition.  For high speed processing,
supercomputer facilities speed filtering and data analysis.

Visual Psychophysics Laboratory
The Visual Psychophysics Lab occupies an 800-square-foot suite, including
three dedicated rooms for data collection, and houses a variety of
computer controlled display platforms, including Silicon Graphics, Inc.
(SGI) Onyx RE2, SGI Indigo2 High Impact, SGI Indigo2 Extreme, Power
Computing (Macintosh compatible) PowerTower Pro 225, and Macintosh 7100/66
workstations. Ancillary resources for visual psychophysics include a
computer-controlled video camera, stereo viewing glasses, prisms, a
photometer, and a variety of display-generation, data-collection, and
data-analysis software.

Affiliated Laboratories
Affiliated CAS/CNS faculty have additional laboratories ranging from visual
and auditory psychophysics and neurophysiology, anatomy, and
neuropsychology to engineering and chip design. These facilities are used
in the context of faculty/student collaborations.

*******************************************************************

DEPARTMENT OF COGNITIVE AND NEURAL SYSTEMS
GRADUATE TRAINING ANNOUNCEMENT

Boston University
677 Beacon Street
Boston, MA 02215

Phone: 617/353-9481
Fax:   617/353-7755
Email: inquiries@cns.bu.edu
Web: http://www.cns.bu.edu/
*******************************************************************



---




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My apologies if you receive this more than once.


*****    CALL FOR PAPERS    *****

FIFTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COGNITIVE AND NEURAL SYSTEMS
Tutorials: May 30, 2001
Meeting: May 31 - June 2, 2001 

Boston University
677 Beacon Street
Boston, Massachusetts 02215
http://www.cns.bu.edu/meetings/

Sponsored by Boston University's
Center for Adaptive Systems
and
Department of Cognitive and Neural Systems
with financial support from the 
National Science Foundation 
and the
Office of Naval Research 


This interdisciplinary conference has drawn about 300 people from around
the world each time that it has been offered. Last year's conference was
attended by scientists from 28 countries. The conference is structured to
facilitate intense communication between its participants, both in the
formal sessions and during its other activities. As during previous years,
the conference will focus on solutions to the fundamental questions:

How Does the Brain Control Behavior?

How Can Technology Emulate Biological Intelligence?

The conference will include invited tutorials and lectures, and
contributed lectures and posters by experts on the biology and
technology of how the brain and other intelligent systems adapt to 
a changing world. The conference is aimed at researchers and students 
of computational neuroscience, connectionist cognitive science,
artificial neural networks, neuromorphic engineering, and artificial
intelligence.

A single oral or poster session enables all presented work to be
highly visible.

Abstract submissions encourage submissions of the latest results.

Costs are kept at a minimum without compromising the quality of
meeting handouts and social events.

Confirmed invited speakers include: 
Larry Abbott 
Yiannis Aloimonos 
Daniel Bullock 
Gail Carpenter 
Leon Cooper 
Ralph Freeman 
Rochel Gelman 
Wulfram Gerstner 
Stephen Grossberg 
David Heeger 
Richard Ivry 
Michael Jordan 
Nancy Kopell 
Nikos Logothetis 
Wolfgang Maass 
Henry Markram 
Maja Mataric 
Christoph Schreiner 
Maggie Shiffrar 
Wolf Singer 
Peter Strick 
Allen Waxman 


CALL FOR ABSTRACTS

Session Topics:
* vision 		      * spatial mapping and navigation
* object recognition 	      * neural circuit models
* image understanding         * neural system models
* audition                    * mathematics of neural systems
* speech and language         * robotics
* unsupervised learning       * hybrid systems (fuzzy, evolutionary, digital)
* supervised learning         * neuromorphic VLSI
* reinforcement and emotion   * industrial applications
* sensory-motor control       * cognition, planning, and attention
                              * other

Contributed abstracts must be received, in English, by January 31,
2001. Notification of acceptance will be provided by email by February
28, 2001. A meeting registration fee of $50 for regular attendees and
$35 for students must accompany each Abstract. See Registration
Information for details. The fee will be returned if the Abstract is
not accepted for presentation and publication in the meeting proceedings. 
Registration fees of accepted abstracts will be returned on request only 
until April 20, 2001.

Each Abstract should fit on one 8.5" x 11" white page with 1" margins
on all sides, single-column format, single-spaced, Times Roman or similar 
font of 10 points or larger, printed on one side of the page only. Fax 
submissions will not be accepted. Abstract title, author name(s), 
affiliation(s), mailing, and email address(es) should begin each Abstract. 
An accompanying cover letter should include: Full title of Abstract;
corresponding author and presenting author name, address, telephone, fax, 
and email address; and a first and second choice from among the topics 
above, including whether it is biological (B) or technological (T) work. 
Example: first choice: vision (T); second choice: neural system models (B). 
(Talks will be 15 minutes long. Posters will be up for a full day. Overhead, 
slide, and VCR facilities will be available for talks.) Abstracts which do 
not meet these requirements or which are submitted with insufficient funds 
will be returned. Accepted Abstracts will be printed in the conference 
proceedings volume. No longer paper will be required. The original and 3 
copies of each Abstract should be sent to: Cynthia Bradford, Boston 
University, Department of Cognitive and Neural Systems, 677 Beacon Street, 
Boston, MA 02215.

REGISTRATION INFORMATION: Early registration is recommended. To register, 
please fill out the registration form below. Student registrations must be 
accompanied by a letter of verification from a department chairperson or 
faculty/research advisor. If accompanied by an Abstract or if paying by 
check, mail to the address above. If paying by credit card, mail as above, 
or fax to (617) 353-7755, or email to cindy@cns.bu.edu. The registration 
fee will help to pay for a reception, 6 coffee breaks, and the meeting 
proceedings.

STUDENT FELLOWSHIPS: Fellowships for PhD candidates and postdoctoral
fellows are available to help cover meeting travel and living costs. The 
deadline to apply for fellowship support is January 31, 2001. Applicants 
will be notified by email by February 28, 2001. Each application should 
include the applicant's CV, including name; mailing address; email address;
current student status; faculty or PhD research advisor's name, address, and
email address; relevant courses and other educational data; and a list of 
research articles. A letter from the listed faculty or PhD advisor on 
official institutional stationery should accompany the application and 
summarize how the candidate may benefit from the meeting. Fellowship 
applicants who also submit an Abstract need to include the registration 
fee with their Abstract submission. Fellowship checks will be distributed 
after the meeting.


REGISTRATION FORM

Fifth International Conference on Cognitive and Neural Systems

Department of Cognitive and Neural Systems
Boston University
677 Beacon Street
Boston, Massachusetts 02215
Tutorials: May 30, 2001
Meeting: May 31 - June 2, 2001
FAX: (617) 353-7755
http://www.cns.bu.edu/meetings/


(Please Type or Print)

Mr/Ms/Dr/Prof: _____________________________________________________

Name: ______________________________________________________________

Affiliation: _______________________________________________________

Address: ___________________________________________________________

City, State, Postal Code: __________________________________________

Phone and Fax: _____________________________________________________

Email: _____________________________________________________________


The conference registration fee includes the meeting program,
reception, two coffee breaks each day, and meeting proceedings.
The tutorial registration fee includes tutorial notes and two
coffee breaks.


CHECK ONE:

(  )  $75 Conference plus Tutorial (Regular)
(  )  $50 Conference plus Tutorial (Student)
(  )  $50 Conference Only (Regular)
(  )  $35 Conference Only (Student)
(  )  $25 Tutorial Only (Regular)
(  )  $15 Tutorial Only (Student)


METHOD OF PAYMENT (please fax or mail):

[   ] Enclosed is a check made payable to "Boston University".
      Checks must be made payable in US dollars and issued by
      a US correspondent bank. Each registrant is responsible
      for any and all bank charges.

[   ] I wish to pay my fees by credit card
      (MasterCard, Visa, or Discover Card only).

Name as it appears on the card: _____________________________________

Type of card: _______________________________________________________

Account number: _____________________________________________________

Expiration date: ____________________________________________________

Signature: __________________________________________________________


---




From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Tue Nov 21 07:31:29 2000
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From: "Hamid M. Said" <aortizde@hotmail.com>
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Subject: Postdoctoral Research Fellowship
Date: Mon, 20 Nov 2000 23:33:08 -0800
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--------------FF7A5EEC25D05D0B73BC582A
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November 21, 2000

Postdoctoral Research Fellowship in Molecular Biology of Membrane
Transporters

    Two postdoctoral research positions are available at the University
of California Medical PRogram at the Long Beach VA Medical Center to
work on NIH/VA sponsored investigations on molecular aspects of membrane
transport of water-soluble vitamins (thiamine, folic acid and biotin) in
intestinal and renal  epithelial cells.  Background in molecular biology
is required.  Salary depends on experience.  Interested applicants,
please forward (or e-mail) current C.V. and three letters of reference
from mentors/collaborators to:

Professor Hamid M. Said
VA Medical Center-151
5901 E. 7th Street
Long Beach, CA 90822-5201

Tel:    (562) 494-5811
Fax:    (562) 494-5675
Email:    hmsaid@uci.edu



--------------FF7A5EEC25D05D0B73BC582A
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<!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 transitional//en">
<html>
November 21, 2000
<p><b>Postdoctoral Research Fellowship in Molecular Biology of Membrane
Transporters</b><b></b>
<p><b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </b>Two postdoctoral research positions are available
at the University of California Medical PRogram at the Long Beach VA Medical
Center to work on NIH/VA sponsored investigations on molecular aspects
of membrane transport of water-soluble vitamins (thiamine, folic acid and
biotin) in intestinal and renal&nbsp; epithelial cells.&nbsp; Background
in molecular biology is required.&nbsp; Salary depends on experience.&nbsp;
Interested applicants, please forward (or e-mail) current C.V. and three
letters of reference from mentors/collaborators to:
<p>Professor Hamid M. Said
<br>VA Medical Center-151
<br>5901 E. 7th Street
<br>Long Beach, CA 90822-5201
<p>Tel:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (562) 494-5811
<br>Fax:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (562) 494-5675
<br>Email:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; hmsaid@uci.edu
<br>&nbsp;
<br>&nbsp;</html>

--------------FF7A5EEC25D05D0B73BC582A--




From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Wed Nov 22 19:07:16 2000
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From: hxyntn@hotmail.com
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Two days ago I ordered 10 pieces of paper money from 10 different countries from a company called Perth Numismatics. Lo and behold they arrived today and they are very nice and colourful. They even have a bill from Antarctica. I didn't even know they existed. These are perfect for stocking stuffers or people who are hard to buy for. The website address is www.perthmoney.com
Good luck and Merry Christmas

Cynthia Reeves

vzyrsynsiehps






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New type of protein-protein interaction: actomyosin gels interact in a
THRESHOLD manner. For details see the following paper:

V.V.Matveev. Evidence of a new type of protein-protein interaction:
desensitized actomyosin blocks Ca2+-sensitivity of the natural one. A
possible model for an intracellular signalling system related to actin
filaments. Physiological Chemistry Physics & Medical NMR, 32: 167-179,
2000.

ABSTRACT see here: http://members.nbci.com/vm_spb/actomyosin/signal.htm


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From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Fri Nov 24 13:02:43 2000
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From: Kieran Gillick <kpg21@cam.ac.uk>
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Does anyone know what a 'missing amplitude' is? I'm doing some work on
protein folding pathways, and there's loads of stuff in the literature
about 'missing amplitudes' in CD spectra indicating multi-stage
kinetics/burst phases... Why does a burst phase give a missing
amplitude, and what exactly is a missing amplitude? Any help would be
much appreciated. If you could reply to kpg21@cam.ac.uk, that would be
wicked.
Many thanks,
Kieran Gillick

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<!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 transitional//en">
<html>
Does anyone know what a 'missing amplitude' is? I'm doing some work on
protein folding pathways, and there's loads of stuff in the literature
about 'missing amplitudes' in CD spectra indicating multi-stage kinetics/burst
phases... Why does a burst phase give a missing amplitude, and what exactly
<u>is</u> a missing amplitude? Any help would be much appreciated. If you
could reply to kpg21@cam.ac.uk, that would be wicked.
<br>Many thanks,
<br>Kieran Gillick</html>

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From owner-biophys@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk  Fri Nov 24 15:01:57 2000
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From: Frank Fuerst <ffrank@rz.uni-potsdam.de>
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Kieran Gillick <kpg21@cam.ac.uk> wrote:

>Does anyone know what a 'missing amplitude' is? I'm doing some work on
>protein folding pathways, and there's loads of stuff in the literature
>about 'missing amplitudes' in CD spectra indicating multi-stage
>kinetics/burst phases... Why does a burst phase give a missing
>amplitude, and what exactly is a missing amplitude? 

What you observe when recording any kinetics with a spectroscopic
signal is always the difference between the signal of the products and
the educts. For a protein folding kinetics, this means the difference
of unfolded protein (at the beginning) and native protein (in the
end).
Let's assume the unfolded species have an ellipticity (CD-signal) of
zero, which is sensible, and the native protein has an ellipticity of
1 (just to keep figures simple). Then you would expect to observe a
kinetic trace starting at 0 and ending at 1, often with a
monoexponential time course [Theta = 1-exp(-t/tau) = 1-exp(-kt)]. 

But no let's look what happens if there is an intermediate that has a
signal between that of the native and that of the unfolded protein,
say 0.5 (for far-UV-CD this would mean that the intermediate has about
half of the structure formed[1]). Now we would first see a fast rise
to nearly 0.5 that smoothly merges into a slower rise to unity.

However, if the intermediate is formed very fast, its formation is
completed in the dead-time of mixing, so we cannot see the fast rise
to 0.5 - we simply start at 0.5 and see the slow rise from 0.5 to 1.
And the range from 0 to 0.5 is the 'missing amplitude'. 

Generally, 'missing amplitude' means that the amplitude of the change
of a spectroscopic signal is smaller than expected from the difference
in amplitude of the native and denatured signal. To be able to
conclude that there is a kinetic intermediate on the folding pathway
present, one has to make sure, however, that this missing amplitude is
really missing *in*the*folding*reaction*. Two main other sources, or
better sinks ;-), of amplitude occur to me:

1. Refolding yield
One should always compare the absolute end value of the kinetics with
the signal of native protein at the same protein concentration,
because if the refolding yield is below 100%, you don't see 100% of
the amplitude change, of course.

2. Dependence of the signal of denatured protein on the concentration
of denaturant.
This is especially important for fluorescence: When one measures the
fluorescence of denatured protein at different concentrations of
denaturant, all high enough to be sure that it is completely unfolded,
one usually gets different values, because the denaturant interacts
with the solvent exposed fluorophores. (And the effect is even
stronger with heat denaturation). Thus, to calculate the expected
amplitude of a refolding reaction, one has to extrapolate these values
to the denaturant concentration at which the refolding experiment is
carried out. Of course this can also lead to an increase in refolding
amplitude.


I hope this clarifies the topic a little.
Yours, Frank


[1] or 3/4 of the secondary structure, but it's in fast equilibrium
with unfolded forms and populated only 2/3 of the time, or similar
numbers.
-- 
Was W. Richard Stevens angeht: Auf dessen Buecher verweist man nicht
einzeln, dessen Buecher sind eigentlich Pflichtlektuere, da schaeme
ich mich eigentlich, wenn ich eines nicht auswendig kann.
Und ich muss mich da sehr kraeftig schaemen. [Detlef Bosau in dcoun]




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