From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Sun Sep 05 23:00:00 1993 Path: biosci!RESUNIX.RI.SICKKIDS.ON.CA!squire From: squire@RESUNIX.RI.SICKKIDS.ON.CA Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: (none) Message-ID: <9309062122.AA21724@resunix.ri.sickkids.on.ca> Date: 6 Sep 93 21:22:42 GMT Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: bionet Lines: 50 To all E-mail users please pass information on this vacancy to anyone you know who is looking to make a move and has experience in "FISH" methods. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- HUMAN GENE MAPPING RESEARCH P r o j e c t L e a d e r Salary $40,000 Negotiable This important new position involves the leadership of an initial team of 3 technicians in developing new and innovative ways of mapping human genes. This project is part of the newly established Canadian Genome and Technologies Program. Opportunity to progress to Lecturer or Assistant Professor level. An excellent opportunity currently exists to progress your scientific career by joining one of the world's leading Research Institutes. You will be joining an already successful team widely recognized as being at the forefront of human gene mapping and molecular cytogenetics. You will be advancing your skills in computer imaging and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) research. You will also be encouraged to develop collaborations and carry out independent research projects. The chosen candidate will need to organize and interpret mapping results and communicate this information to scientists who submit gene probes to the resource center. He/she will be expected to have a PhD and must have extensive knowledge of human molecular genetics and possess good communication skills. The initial appointment will be made at the Research Associate level. The Hospital for Sick Children has recently been expanded to become one of the largest Children's Hospitals in North America. The quality of life in Toronto is second to none. For further information on this new position please contact Dr Jeremy Squire at :- Tel: (CANADA) - (416) 813-5941 Fax: - (416) 813-5974 E-Mail: SQUIRE@RESUNIX.RI.SICKKIDS.ON.CA From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Mon Sep 06 23:00:00 1993 Path: biosci!rutgers!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!agate!doc.ic.ac.uk!mrccrc!gwilliam From: gwilliam@crc.ac.uk (Gary Williams x3294) Newsgroups: bionet.jobs,bionet.molbio.genome-program,bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: HUMAN GENE MAPPING RESEARCH - Project Leader Keywords: SICKKIDS JOB FISH IMAGING Message-ID: <1993Sep7.082514.6832@crc.ac.uk> Date: 7 Sep 93 08:25:14 GMT Sender: news@crc.ac.uk Followup-To: bionet.jobs Organization: MRC Human Genome Resource Centre Lines: 50 Xref: biosci bionet.jobs:2247 bionet.molbio.genome-program:534 bionet.genome.chromosomes:71 Nntp-Posting-Host: xenon HUMAN GENE MAPPING RESEARCH P r o j e c t L e a d e r Salary $40,000 Negotiable This important new position involves the leadership of an initial team of 3 technicians in developing new and innovative ways of mapping human genes. This project is part of the newly established Canadian Genome and Technologies Program. Opportunity to progress to Lecturer or Assistant Professor level. An excellent opportunity currently exists to progress your scientific career by joining one of the world's leading Research Institutes. You will be joining an already successful team widely recognized as being at the forefront of human gene mapping and molecular cytogenetics. You will be advancing your skills in computer imaging and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) research. You will also be encouraged to develop collaborations and carry out independent research projects. The chosen candidate will need to organize and interpret mapping results and communicate this information to scientists who submit gene probes to the resource center. He/she will be expected to have a PhD and must have extensive knowledge of human molecular genetics and possess good communication skills. The initial appointment will be made at the Research Associate level. The Hospital for Sick Children has recently been expanded to become one of the largest Children's Hospitals in North America. The quality of life in Toronto is second to none. For further information on this new position please contact Dr Jeremy Squire at :- Tel:(UK code 0101) - (416) 813-5941 Fax: - (416) 813-5974 E-Mail: SQUIRE@RESUNIX.RI.SICKKIDS.ON.CA -- GARY WILLIAMS, Computing Services, Janet: G.Williams@UK.AC.MRC.HGMP MRC Human Genome Mapping Project, Internet: G.Williams@HGMP.MRC.AC.UK Watford Rd, HARROW, Middx, HA1 3UJ, UK ** Sequence databases have ** Tel 081-869 3294 Fax 081-423 1275 ** about a 3% error content ** From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Thu Sep 09 23:00:00 1993 Path: biosci!MENDEL.LLNL.GOV!greg From: greg@MENDEL.LLNL.GOV Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: Fotodyne Gene Sprinter Message-ID: <9309101813.AA06886@mendel.llnl.gov.> Date: 10 Sep 93 18:13:55 GMT Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Reply-To: Greg Lennon Distribution: bionet Lines: 29 Dear Netters : After almost a year of trying to get the Fotodyne Gene Sprinter system to work up to specs, we have concluded that this particular item does not work well in our hands. (The problems have included power supply problems, hard to read bands, and gel pouring problems.) Fotodyne is continuing to make it very hard to return to them ; the latest word is that they will take it back but will charge a 50% (!) re-stocking fee, and even then will only give us credit towards future purchases. Note that the Gene Sprinter system sells for $10,000. My questions : 1) Has anyone else had a history of problems with the Gene Sprinter ? 2) Has anyone else tried to return it, and if so, with what results ? 3) Is there anyone who is happy with the Gene Sprinter, and would like to buy a barely used one ? I would prefer to sell it to someone who is happy with the system, rather than continue to deal with a very uncooperative company ! All advice appreciated, Greg Lennon Lawrence Livermore National Lab. Livermore, CA 94550 From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Thu Sep 09 23:00:00 1993 Path: biosci!daresbury!doc.ic.ac.uk!pipex!uunet!elroy.jpl.nasa.gov!news.claremont.edu!ucivax!paris.ics.uci.edu!news.service.uci.edu!unogate!mvb.saic.com!zippy.Telcom.Arizona.EDU!blast.agmarley.arizona.edu!user From: Tmeyn@ccit.arizona.edu (Tony Meyn) Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: Cosmid sequencing Message-ID: Date: 10 Sep 93 00:00:21 GMT Followup-To: bionet.genome.chromosomes Organization: University of Arizona Lines: 11 NNTP-Posting-Host: blast.agmarley.arizona.edu I am trying to use cosmids for templates in sequencing rxns with mixed results. So far the best sequence has been generated using DNA that has been treated with T7 gene 6 exonuclease. Does anyone have experience with this enzyme or its use in sequencing? How about any other ideas that might help get more sequence from comids? Tony Meyn University of Arizona Tucson, Arizona TMeyn@ccit.arizona.edu From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Sun Sep 12 23:00:00 1993 Path: biosci!daresbury!doc.ic.ac.uk!agate!howland.reston.ans.net!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!news.ans.net!malgudi.oar.net!chemabs!ljc55 From: ljc55@cas.org (Linda J. Carter) Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: PCR primers and hybridization probes Keywords: biosequence database PCR primer and hybridization probe Message-ID: <1993Sep13.184533.25946@cas.org> Date: 13 Sep 93 18:45:33 GMT References: Sender: usenet@cas.org Reply-To: ljc55@cas.org Organization: Chemical Abstracts Service Lines: 27 For those of you interested in PCR primers and hybridization probes I would really appreciate your opinions about their inclusion in biosequence databases. Some of my specific concerns are as follows: 1. Do you feel primers and probes tend to clutter up a nucleic acid database and cause unnecessary retrievals when searching for sequences of much longer length? 2. Because primers and probes are usually designed from known sequence information often already in the database, is it still justifiable to include them as additional entries? 3. What applications of primers and probes should justify their inclusion in a biosequence database, e.g. clinical diagnosis, taxonomy, evolution, gene mapping, or methods? 4. If you were to search for primers and probes in a biosequence database what would be most efficient for you? Would some type of descriptive information be helpful, e.g. their application or their origin? Thank you very much for any thoughts you might have on this subject. Please post your response to ljc55@cas.org From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Sun Sep 12 23:00:00 1993 Path: biosci!daresbury!doc.ic.ac.uk!uknet!pipex!zaphod.crihan.fr!univ-lyon1.fr!scsing.switch.ch!news.unige.ch!ugcmu!moinat From: moinat@cmu.unige.ch (MADELAINE MOINAT, CMU (LOCAL 9052B)) Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: Help - chromosome 8 cosmid library ? Message-ID: <1993Sep13.152047.1@cmu.unige.ch> Date: 13 Sep 93 13:20:47 GMT Sender: usenet@news.unige.ch Organization: University of Geneva, Switzerland Lines: 13 Our group is interested in obtaining a cosmid library made from human chromosome 8. We would prefer to have the library on filters. If anyone has such a library that they would be willing to share, or, knows of anyone with such a library, we would be VERY happy to hear from you! Please mail to the address below...thank you very much (in advance). Patrick Muzzin -- Dr. Patrick Muzzin e-mail: moinat@cmu.unige.ch Dept. Biochimie Medicale telephone: +41-22-702-5488 University of Geneva, Switzerland From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Mon Sep 13 23:00:00 1993 Path: biosci!daresbury!doc.ic.ac.uk!warwick!uknet!pipex!uunet!psinntp!channel1!GMAST-L From: GMAST-L@UTCVM.UTC.EDU Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: Timelords Vampires (LONG) Message-ID: <40.28.2613.0NE18C60@UTCVM.UTC.EDU> Date: 13 Sep 93 18:56:00 GMT Organization: Channel 1(R) * 617-864-0100 Info * 617-354-7077 Modem Lines: 255 z(Continued from last message) The stats are figured for a vampire ages 200 years. For one aged 500 years, the AV = 48 and the POW = 145 These are the classical, traditional vampires with magical powers. They need the soil of the vampire's grave to survive. They have no reflection, and they are not photographable. They can change their shape. Some are alleged to control the weather. They have the full range of allergies. They are susceptible to the religious power in holy objects. They must be invited into a residence before it is possible for them to enter. New vampires are usually under the total domination of creator. The virus may be inadvertently transmitted by animals. Their `vrykololaki,' are mindless or insane. Examples are found in the Wiesczy (Poland); Bruxsa (Portugal); Ciuateteo (Mexico); Dearg-Dul (Ireland); Ekimmu (Assyria); Empusa (Greece); Katakhana (Crete); Krvopijac (Bulgaria); Krvopijac (Bulgaria); Lobishomem (Brazil); Murohy (Rumania); Nosferat (Rumania); Ogoljen (Bohemia); P'O (Chinese); Pamgri (Hungary); Upuir/Upierczi (Russia, Poland); Vapir (Bulgaria); Vlkodlak (Serbia), etc. *Note that due to the magical nature of this creature, any weapon attempting to strike it, must be enchanted to a higher POW than the creature's AV. The only exception to this is that weapons made from silver, or one of the Sacred Woods, such as Ash, Alder, Oak, Willow, Yew, Hawthorne, etc. do normal damage, regardless of enchantment. Vampires, Type IV Length/Height: 1.7 m Weight/Mass: 100 kg Habitat: */*/* Max Velocity: 20 m/s BP: 33 AV: 18 Speed: 35 Strength: 49 Dexterity: 20 Constitution: 20 Intellegence: 14 Willpower: 18 Bravado: 18 Perception: 18 Appearance: 16 Stamina: 20 Power: 95 Size Variation: x.5 to x1.5 Food Value: Nil Armor Material: Dense flesh* Special Attacks: Punch 25III Skills: Concentration: 15 Tracking: 18 Stealth: 17 This category includes any creatures created by the mutation of the virus past the Type III form. This includes all unique or local variations such as the Alp (Saxony); Ananngel (Philippines); Asanbosam (Africa); Blautsauger (Bosnia-Herzegovina); Catacano (Crete, Rhodes); Hantu-Pari/Hantu Penyardin (Malaysia); Jilaiya (Bihar); Lamia (Greece); Langsuir (Malaysia); Lobishumen (Brazil); Moslem (Yugoslavia); Mulo (Serbia); Rakshasa (Northern India); Striges (Greece); Strigoi (Rumania), etc. *Note that due to the magical nature of this creature, any weapon attempting to strike it, must be enchanted to a higher POW than the creature's AV. The only exception to this is that weapons made from silver, or one of the Sacred Woods, such as Ash, Alder, Oak, Willow, Yew, Hawthorne, etc. do normal damage, regardless of enchantment. Vampires, Type V Length/Height: 1.7 m Weight/Mass: 100 kg Habitat: */*/* Max Velocity: 9 m/s BP: 33 AV: 0 Speed: 10 Strength: 11 Dexterity: 10 Constitution: 10 Intellegence: 14 Willpower: 15 Bravado: 14 Perception: 12 Appearance: 12 Stamina: 12 Power: 20 Size Variation: x.5 to x1.5 Food Value: Nil Armor Material: Nil Special Attacks: Punch 10IV Skills: Concentration: 15 Stealth: 12 Pistol: 10 These vampires are unlike the others in that they are not dead, and may never have even been exposed to the virus. They are living people who subsist of the psychic emanations of other living beings. They may have the full psionic armory of the full vampire, but have none of the allergies. Vrykolakas Length/Height: 1.7 m Weight/Mass: 100 kg Habitat: */*/* Max Velocity: 9 m/s BP: 33 AV: 0 Speed: 12 Strength: 13 Dexterity: 11 Constitution: 14 Intellegence: 13 Willpower: 16 Bravado: 15 Perception: 10 Appearance: 14 Stamina: 20 Power: 30 Size Variation: x.5 to x1.5 Food Value: Nil Armor Material: Nil Special Attacks: Punch, DV 6IV Skills: Concentration: 13 Stealth: 15 Pistol: 14 These are really not vampires, so much as they are zombies, or animated dead, resembling those possessed by Greater Ghosts (qv). They, too have a myriad forms, the basic form being non-magical while other forms are magical. In the non-magical form, it is possible that the virus might fail, and generate a mindless vampire, or `ghoul.' A `ghoul' might also occur if the vampiric virus is introduced into a corpse. Also called a mindless vampire, these creatures literally have no minds, or at best their minds have been destroyed. Rarely, or with certain types of vampire, the virus will generate an unliving being still housing its intact mind. They have a number of the vampiric powers, such as regeneration, etc., but they have no allergies to things, or to the sun. They may exist on the blood and meat of carrion, rather than the energy and blood from living things, in perpetuity. In the magical form, it is also possible that the virus might fail, and generate a mindless vampire, or `ghoul.' A `ghoul' might also occur if the vampiric virus is introduced into a corpse. Also called a mindless vampire, these creatures literally have no minds, or at best their minds have been destroyed. They have a number of the magical vampiric powers, such as regeneration, but they have no allergies to things, or to the sun. They may exist on the blood and meat of carrion, rather than the energy and blood from living things, in perpetuity. Types of vampires: Alp (Saxony) A vampire that appears as a butterfly. Type III or IV. Alukah (Hebrew) This is a unique entity. He is a normal Type III vampire. Accompanied by his twin daughters, who constantly cry "Give, Give." He reputedly has a castle hidden in a large group of mountains, but rarely stays there, preferring to wander the Earth. Ananngel (Philippines) See Pennagalin Asanbosam (Africa) These vampires have hooks instead of feet. Only a priest can kill an Asanbosam. Type IV. Baobhan Sith (Ireland) While not technically a vampire, it is often considered such. See Vrykolakas, as well as description elsewhere. Bhuta (West India) See Vrykolakas. Blautsauger (Bosnia-Herzegovina) Type IV vampire. Hairy, with no skeleton and large eyes. It only turns it victims into vampires by forcing them to eat dirt from its grave. Bramaparusha (Northern India) See Vrykolakas. Bruxsa (Portugal) Normal Type III vampire. Burkolokas (Greece) See Vrykolakas. Catacano (Crete, Rhodes) Type IV vampire. Always grinning with very white teeth, this vampire spits blood, which causes horrible burns. Ch'ing Shih (China) While not technically a vampire, it is often considered such. See Vrykolakas, as well as description elsewhere. Ciuateteo (Mexico) Normal Type III vampire. Dearg-Dul (Ireland) Normal Type III vampire. Dhampir A Dhampir is human born of a secual union between a human and a vampire. Due to their unusual nature, they have certain affinities for vampires. For example, they can identify a vampire at any time, and have tremendous resistance to all a vampire's coercive powers. They can use any weapon against any vampire as the weapon were magical vampiric allergin, effecting even older vampires, according to traditional vampiric lore. Dybbuk (Hebrew) Although thought of as a type of vampire, neither of the two creatures that use this name are actually vampires. Ekimmu (Assyria) Normal Type III vampire. From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Mon Sep 13 23:00:00 1993 Path: biosci!daresbury!doc.ic.ac.uk!warwick!uknet!pipex!uunet!psinntp!channel1!GMAST-L From: GMAST-L@UTCVM.UTC.EDU Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: Timelords Vampires (LONG) Message-ID: <40.27.2613.0NE18C5F@UTCVM.UTC.EDU> Date: 13 Sep 93 18:56:00 GMT Organization: Channel 1(R) * 617-864-0100 Info * 617-354-7077 Modem Lines: 255 z(Continued from last message) the vampire's flesh. Sunlight has a DV = vampire's total exposure time in seconds/vampires BP. Sunlight Damage is Type I. 2. Vampires that have been undead for fifty years or so, show a marked tendency to become careless as their peer group begins to obviously age and die. A large majority of vampires never survive past this age. At this age, a vampire can stand about a minute of direct sunlight before they die. This will burn them badly, but not kill them. For every decade of vampiric existance, the vampire receives a 1% resistance to the vampiric allergens, and is able to survive an additional minute of direct exposure to sunlight. By sunlight, this refers to the direct light of the sun on the vampire, not the diffused light of dawn, etc. 3. When a vampire reaches 300 years old, there is a tendency to lose all touch with whatever humanity they might have once possessed, and go insane. This is often fatal. 4. At the age of 400 years, a vampire's resistance to the sun jumps to an hour. 5. At the age of 500, a vampire achieves a reasonable immunity to solar radiation, as long as reasonable precautions are taken, such as avoiding exposure to sunlight at the intensity found in space, etc. 6. By the age of 1000, the few remaining vampires are totally immune to all allergins, and sunlight. 7. Vampiric POW is determined as follows: A base 5-50 +1/BP +1/Int +1/Decade of vampiric existance. ---------------- This is the vampire's base POW, and will regenerate as long as the vampire has fed recently. Added to this is the POW it has drained from its victims the last time it fed, minus anything it has spent so far. 8. Vampire populations run about 60% (under the age of 50), 30% (51-200 years old), 8% (201-400 years old), 1.5% (400-500 years old), and about .5% (over 500 years old). 9. Invulnerability: A. Plain invulnerability. Here the being has a certain innate AV. This is reflected in the "Natural" AV's of various creatures, but could be extended upwards to beings whose "Hyperdense flesh" made them "bulletproof" ala Comics. B. Magical Invulnerability I. The DV of a weapon must exceed the Power of the creature being attacked. Ba. After the Power has been exceeded, only the DV of the attack that actually exceeded the Power is taken. Bb. After the Power has been exceed, all the DV of the attack that actually exceeded the Power is taken. C. Magical Invulnerability II. The Power of the weapon must exceed the Power of the creature being attacked for the attack to be effective. Once the Power has been exceeded then ALL the DV from that weapon during that attack is used. D. Magical Invulnerability III. This actually blends BOTH #1 and #3. E. MI IV. The creature is assumed to have an innate base effect of X for magical protection. It is always on, without concentration, willpower expenditure, etc.... For example, the Evil Child Eater has a POW of 26, giving him a POW aptitude of 7. Evil C.E. has a base effect of 280 for invulnerability. This gives him an AV of 40 (280/7=effect of 40) against all weapons oF POW 1. This means that normal weapons (or those that the invulnerability is not effective against -- maybe silver or whatever) won't affect him unless they are pretty powerful, but even moderately enchanted weapons, or powerfully applied lightly enchanted weapons will make him sit up and take notice. F. MI V = MI IV, except that the creature has the capacity to improve his capacity for magical protection, by improving those innate powers of concentration and willpower he is using to give him the MI. G. MI VI = MI V, except that it is a further expansion, allowing more concious control over the MI, such as letting the creature have control over the amount of MI active. H. MI VII. Invulnerability via regeneration. Basically, the creature has an always active base effect of X for healing wounds. Short of instantly fatal results, or a lot of hits that overwhelm the regenerative capacity of the creature, it would be REALLY hard to kill. I. MI VIII. similar in spirit to V. J. MI IX. similar in spirit to VI. MIs V-IX could all be combined with natural physical DV. Non-magical vampires have Invulnerabilty type #1, and their AV increases, 1/decade of vampiric existance. This means that our 500 year old non-magical vampire can still be brought down by an M16 with an AV of 50. He can be brought down, though by any weapon with a POW of 1; Silver bullets or blades, and certain types of wood, depending on his Bloodline. Just to liven up the pot, we give the Non-magic vamps a +1/50 years regarding stun effects, and only specific wounds, such as decapitiation are fatal. They get a regeneration of: Lethal impairment - number of hours Non-lethal impairment - number of minutes Stamina Impairment - Half the imp. in seconds Power impairment - Recovery when fed. Note that Allergin wounds will take the normal ammount of time to heal. Magical Vamps, on the other hand, instantly heal any wound whose DV is less than their Magical AV. This means that a longsword with a POW of 11, hitting a 500 year old vampire does, say 13I (Max. 16I). It exceeds the MAV of 10, so 13DV is taken. 10 of that is instantly healed. 3 then goes through the normal damage proceedure on the vampire. Added to this, Magical vampires, can have any one of the various types of Magical Invulnerability, as a part of their bloodline's powers. As a rule Magical Vamps gain a magical AV of 1/every 50 years of Vampiric life. Our five hundred year old vampire can be brought down with silver bullets or blades, specific woods, or a weapon with a POW of 11 or better. Costs for vampiric survival: Survival: Nighttime or in properly From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Mon Sep 13 23:00:00 1993 Path: biosci!daresbury!doc.ic.ac.uk!pipex!uunet!psinntp!channel1!GMAST-L From: GMAST-L@UTCVM.UTC.EDU Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: Timelords Vampires (LONG) Message-ID: <40.26.2613.0NE18C5E@UTCVM.UTC.EDU> Date: 13 Sep 93 18:56:00 GMT Organization: Channel 1(R) * 617-864-0100 Info * 617-354-7077 Modem Lines: 255 z(Continued from last message) fluids, such as fruit juices, bouillon, etc. These other fluids have little, if any nutritional value to the vampire, and may be consumed more out of social politeness than hunger. While vampires can survive by feeding from dead creatures, stored blood, or from animals, this diet lacks the proper psychic energies they require to survive. Stored blood is as bad, or worse than, animal's blood as the possibility for anti-coagulant poisoning also exists. It is possible for vampires to become effected by chemicals, such as alcohol or cocaine, that exists in their victim's blood. This tends to indicate the possibility that poisoned or diseased blood might have some long term effects, such as madness, on the vampire. The vampiric virus is transmitted when a vampire feeds from a victim, or engages in sexual activities, etc. The microbes are transmitted through saliva, or other bodily fluids, thereby enter the victim's bloodstream. The virus will remain inert in the victim's bloodstream until there have been six or so exposures, or more than 90% of the victim's blood has been removed by the vampire. After this point the virus enters its first vigorous stage, and takes an active hold on victim's system. Assuming the victim is still alive, the virus becomes a part of the victim's genetic code, and cannot be easily removed. After the virus has completed the genetic work in the first vigorous stage, it becomes dormant once more until conditions become more favorable for the change into the vampiric form. Therefore, the virus will not enter this first vigorous stage unless there is a large amount of the virus present. This usually happens only if the victim was the primary source of food for a vampire for an extended period of time. If a person feeds off the blood of a vampire, then the change can be brought about immediately. While it is possible for a person to become a vampire when killed by a single vampiric bite, this is unlikely because there is also a chance that the vampire who is draining a victim unto death will be dragged along into death by the psychic connection. If this doesn't kill the vampire, it could destroy their mind. Due to the magical nature of the mutation, it is possible for a person who is killed by a magical vampire, even though in barehanded combat, to be transformed. While the virus is highly active and potentially dangerous, neither the basic virus, nor the magical form is really able to defend itself against the body's immune system. It is only after that immune system has stopped working, can the virus begin the transformation. If none of the things mentioned above occur, and there is insufficent virus present to enter the first vigorous stage, the virus can't become part of the genetic code, the virus can be metabolized out of the victim's system in a matter of 2-6 weeks. Although, during this time the victim can still be controlled by the vampire who infected them. When an infected victim dies, the virus once more becomes active as the second vigorous stage begins the metamorphosis to vampiric form. The virus becomes a stimulus that revivifies the non-living host while simultaneously causing major modifications to the host's body. The virus first rewrites the body's genetic structure. Assuming that there is no extensive internal damage, the corpse undergoes a major metamorphosis. Minor damage will either be repaired, or else healed around, possibly leaving the vampire permanently mutilated. However, if the body had been extensively damaged before death, or immediately after death, particularly if there had been damage to the nervous system, then the transformation will not occur. After the genetic code has begun to be rewritten, all waste materials are forcefully eliminated, and all body fats are either converted into regenerative raw material or else is ejected with the bodily wastes. This often leaves the vampire with an appearance of gauntness and elongation. Then the flesh begins its gradual conversion to the `pseudoflesh' of the vampiric form. This pseudoflesh contains the vampire's cellular chakratic system. The total conversion from flesh to pseudoflesh takes centuries, and is similar to petrification of fossils. The older the vampire is, the more pseudoflesh it is. Pseudoflesh toughens against the allergens that effect vampires with time, as the vampire's control over its bodily energy increases. When exposed to the sun, the pseudoflesh of older vampires burns slowly and more completely while that of the younger vampires burns hotter and faster. Other changes that occur are an enhancement of the senses to a preternatural level that can allow the vampire to count the people in a building from outside, merely by the sound of their breathing, or to detect a lie by the trembling of the speaker's voice. The changes to the senses also allow the vampire to see at great distances and further into the ultraviolet bands of the spectrum. The digestive tract is redesigned to allow the absorption of necessary enzymes and amino acids for the body's continued existence from the circulatory fluids of other creatures, or, if necessary, to build those nutrients from whatever it can glean from the fluids the vampire consumes. The creature's musculature and skeletal systems are rebuilt and strengthened to grant a strength that is 10-20 time what it had been in life, as well as increased speed, reflexes, dexterity and agility. Finally, there is an alteration to the neurological systems, triggering the vampire's psionic powers, as well as increasing the speed at which a vampire can think, its reaction times, and improving its memory. Other, more cosmetic, changes to the magical vampire can include an increase in hirsuteness, a lengthening of the face into a muzzle or snoutish appearance, pointed ears, etc. The change to vampiric form may, but not necessarily, cause insanity, or other personality change. For some magical vampires, such a personality change might be part of the magical effect, but, in general, these personality changes have less to do with what happens during the transformation, than with how the person being transformed reacts to the changes. It is possible that the virus might fail, and create a Vrykolakas or `ghoul,' or perhaps a mindless or insane vampire. A vrykolakas or mindless vampire might also occur if the vampiric virus is introduced into a corpse. Vrykolaki are more fully discussed elsewhere The change generally takes twelve to twenty-four hours, although transformations taking up to three days aren't unknown. The transformation requires the expenditure of a great deal of energy, so that once transformed, the vampire will either become active and very hungry, or else sleep for a number of days. The response is fairly individual and unpredictable. The primary powers of vampires are their psionic powers. Of the vampiric powers, the Coercive powers are of the greatest importance. These are exemplified by the vampiric abilities to charm and seduce their victims, to exert great mental control over other beings, and to control vampires of lesser strength and power. Vampires can control and manipulate the powers of other vampires nearby, by a special exertion of their coercive will, becasue of the similarity between the vampiric forms. The more powerful vampire can overide the lesser vampire's control over itself, and its mental and physical sytems. Vampires can also mesmerize or hypnotize those around them. By extending this ability into an aura, or field, of Avoidance, or psionic Invisibility, the vampire can disapear from sight, as the minds of those around the vampire refuse to acknowledge its presence. If the vampire should desire, it can generate an aura of Fear to terify those around it, or cause other beings to fall into a deep sleep. The vampire can force its victim's mind to go blank, or into a trance-like state, prior to, or during, feeding. Helping their enhanced senses, vampires also have extensive farsenses, and can even taste or feel the minds of others. The process of feeding creates a psychic link between victim and vampire. This link may last well after the virus has been metabolized from the victim's system. This communication may be either one way, with the vampire able to communicate with the victim from a distance, or two way, the vampire able to receive impressions from the victim. Some vampires develop the PK ability to levitate, then to fly as they get older. The magical vampire may possess a wide range of supernatural powers. These powers are limited only by the strength and power of the vampire's will. For example, magical vampires can summon and control a variety of animals, they can shapeshift, even assuming a gaseous form at will. The strongest vampires, however, can control the weather, and many have even more unique powers. If a sleeping vampire is disturbed, it will attack as if awake, without necessarily waking up. Some magical vampires have the ability to temporarily drain life energy merely by a soul chilling touch. A person drained to unconsciousness in this fashion will fall into a coma, remaining unconscious until all the energy has been regenerated. There are no other ill effects from this touch. Potentially, the most dangerous power of the vampire is the toughness of the pseudoflesh and the immunities that result from that toughness. A nonmagical vampire can absorb a tremendous amount of damage from any physical attack aimed at them, as though they were wearing armor. Even without that, they regenerate at a sufficiently great speed that weapons made from certain types of materials, the allergens, can harm them badly enough to wear them down. A magical vampire, on the other hand can only be damaged at all by weapons made from allergen materials, or that are magical in some way can even harm them. Kinetic energy damage is shrugged off, bullets, knives, etc. either pass through them as though they were mist, or bounce off their skin, depending on the bloodline of the vampire. Vampires, and the virus, have a number of `allergies.' Different `bloodlines' of vampires, including different types of vampires, having slightly different mutations of the virus, immunities to one or two of these allergins, but for the reasons explained below, these allergens will at least strike and damage all forms of vampire. If they are not immune to these substances, these allergic reactions can easily be lethal to the vampire. And so these things could be used to kill the vampire. The term allergen is used only in its definition of `a substance that produces and altered body reactivity.' The allergens are the Sun, as mentioned before, silver, certain specific herbs such as Garlic and Wolvesbane (also called Monkshood or Aconite), as well as Hawthorne, Whitethorn, or Blackthorn woods. Some other woods, such as Oak, Ash, Alder, Willow, Aspen, Maple, Yew, etc. can be used to damage the vampire, but will not trigger an allergic reaction in the vampire. Certain organic materials, such as the woods mentioned above, and metals, silver, have the ability to disrupt the vampire's chakratic systems, even if they aren't allergens, because those materials interfere with the natural From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Mon Sep 13 23:00:00 1993 Path: biosci!daresbury!doc.ic.ac.uk!uknet!pipex!uunet!psinntp!channel1!GMAST-L From: GMAST-L@UTCVM.UTC.EDU Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: Timelords Vampires (LONG) Message-ID: <40.25.2613.0NE18C5D@UTCVM.UTC.EDU> Date: 13 Sep 93 18:56:00 GMT Organization: Channel 1(R) * 617-864-0100 Info * 617-354-7077 Modem Lines: 254 From owner-gmast-l@UTCVM.UTC.EDU Mon Sep 13 14:57:40 1993 Received: from UTCVM.UTC.EDU by uu.psi.com (5.65b/4.1.031792-PSI/PSINet) via SMTP; id AA27526 for pitt.crandlemire; Mon, 13 Sep 93 14:57:40 -0400 Message-Id: <9309131857.AA27526@uu.psi.com> Received: from UTCVM.UTC.EDU by UTCVM.UTC.EDU (IBM VM SMTP V2R2) with BSMTP id 3902; Mon, 13 Sep 93 14:56:52 EDT Received: from UTCVM.UTC.EDU (NJE origin LISTSERV@UTCVM) by UTCVM.UTC.EDU (LMail V1.1d/1.7f) with BSMTP id 6737; Mon, 13 Sep 1993 14:56:16 -0400 Date: Mon, 13 Sep 1993 13:56:35 -0500 Reply-To: Gamemasters Interest Group Sender: Gamemasters Interest Group From: "I. Marc Carlson" Subject: Timelords Vampires (LONG) X-To: gmast-l@utcvm.utc.edu To: Multiple recipients of list GMAST-L Vampires and Vampirism The vampire, as we know the species, was originally a creature of myths and legends told over the flickering flames of the campfires, first in primitive hunting camps, then in peasant's hovels and lord's castle. The concept of life-stealing spirits of the night is a universal one. Vampires are predators whose natural prey, humanity is more usually the hunter than the hunted. Different traditions and cultures throughout history have believed a variety of things about vampires. It isn't easy for a researcher to balance between the mystique and an explanation of what is true about these creatures. Further confusing the issue, are the inherent differences between the types of vampires, as different bloodlines of creatures have differing abilities from on another, going so far as to separate into vampires whose powers are magical in nature, and those whose powers are not. Making this research more difficult, it is the power of the mystique of vampirism, those superstitions that have clustered around the vampires, which has had a enormous effect on what differences from one vampire to another. It is often the effect of the legend-telling tradition's beliefs, and the power of those beliefs that have proven most important to the forms that vampirism, particularly magical vampirism, have taken in regions where those legends are told. Other cultural beliefs, such as how a vampire should react to holy objects, or what they feed on, can have an effect on how a vampire will behave, even when those beliefs are wrong. There are myriad examples of the reputed origins for vampirism. The first of these examples begins in prehistory when the evil Elder Gods of Earth fled the Earth, or were imprisoned or destroyed. One of these imprisoned gods kept watch to try and escape. This evil god created the vampires for some unspeakable reason. Some of the other origins state that vampires are corpses possessed and animated by demons, or that they are people who have been blessed by a god of the life-death-rebirth cycle, that they are people who were cursed by the manner of their death or something that happened to them after their death, or even that they are people who have made pacts with demons. The final origin I shall examine, and the one which is the premise that this essay is based on, states that an alien organism arrived on Earth at some unknown time in the past. This organism, resembling a virus, was carried in a strangely radioactive meteor, which struck the Earth and exploded. The ground around the impact site was permeated by an obscure form of emanation from the broken meteor necessary to keep the organism or virus, and those creatures eventually affected by the virus healthy. In its basic form, the virus is a semi-sentient, psychically- endowed group organism, and harmless to terrestrial life. At some point, however, the virus began to mutate into a self-sustaining form that would affect humanity. And from this mutation, the basic, non-magical vampire was born. Later, other mutations engendered the vampire that was magical in nature. Vampires, considered by tradition to be undead creatures who exist off of the blood of their victims, are almost as varied as the types of people who become them. Each different `bloodline,' or a group of vampires who have descended from the same vampire, can have different mutations or forms of the disease. So two vampires who may appear totally the same, can have totally different reactions to the traditional defenses to the undead, or have totally different abilities. Most, however, share certain common traits. The `basic vampire' is non-magical in nature. It is inhumanly strong, capable of tearing a human being in half like a small phonebook, and unbelievably fast, fast enough to reachinto a person's chest and pull out the heart between two heartbeats. The vampire possesses a frightening array of metafunctions, and using them could pull out that same heart in the middle of a crowd with no one, including the victim, ever noticing the creature's presence. A vampire can psychically coerce its victims into lying back and baring thier throats to it with but a thought. Vampires can absorb an amazing amount of damage before they are hurt, and they can regenerate that damage very quickly, depending on what made the wound. Vampires do not age physically, and as time goes by, most vampires grow more powerful. In part they simply grow wiser, learning new tactics and tricks. There are no stupid old vampires. In addition, they become physically tougher as their pseudoflesh becomes denser and harder to damage. Vampires are feared by humans because of their dangerousness in combat, because the feed on humans, whom many vampires consider little more than cattle ripe for the slaughter, and they are feared because, to paraphrase, vampires don't reproduce, they recruit. On the other hand, the more traditional vampire, the vampire as represented in legend, is a magical creature who is considerably more dangerous than their merely metapsychic brethren. Not only can the magical vampire do all the things mentioned for the basic vampire, it also possessed a wide range of supernatural powers. These powers are limited only by the strength and power of the vampire's will. For example, magical vampires can summon and control a variety of animals, they can shapeshift, even assuming a gaseous form at will. The strongest vampires, however, can control the weather, and many have even more unique powers. There are other general types of vampires, and these will be looked at more closely later. There are also different `bloodlines' of vampires, lineages stretching through the centuries from generation of vampire to the next. These different bloodlines often have different powers and reactions to things, different mutations from the basic vampire. But in general, all vampires, magical or not, conform to a general profile, straying from that profile only in detail. In the description that follows, it is to be assumed that what is being portrayed is valid for both the magical and non-magical vampires, except where the text is describing a particular detail of one form or the other. Appearance Vampires usually appear nearly exactly as they did during life before they `died.' The key terms here are `usually' and `nearly.' The most obvious difference in their appearance is the perpetually pale, faintly luminescent complexion that is due to lack of blood in the circulatory system. Most vampires are simply more pale in aspect than are normal people, although some vampires also have bleached hair and luminously pale eyes, and a few bloodlines have perpetually pure alabaster skins. Feeding brings about bloody eyes, blood stained tears, and the fetid, tainted breath of a hemophage, or blood drinker. If the creature has fed, its complexion appears slightly flushed. If it is cut or stabbed, the creature bleeds. Over the next few days after feeding, the body begins to lose it fresh appearance, and the face turns gaunt and gray. Regardless, most vampires can easily pass for normal humans, or whatever species the creature was originally. A vampire will usually appear between twenty and forty years in age. If they were elderly before they changed, they will rejuvenate somewhat, while children will remain children physically, in perpetuity. Vampires are capable of regenerating themselves, and the vampiric pseudoflesh can eventually repair any damage incurred by the vampire. A vampire will regenerate physical details such as hair, nails, etc. every night, although more significant regeneration of damage takes more time. Vampires are usually still, when not moving intentionally, or breathing in order to speak. This is an absolute stillness, as if of a corpse. If a vampire chooses, it can enter a form of suspended animation for up to centuries at a time. Although a few forms of vampire have fixed permanent fangs, in general, the teeth appear perfectly normal, and even X-rays will show no significant difference. Where the upper canines once existed, a rigid body of erectile tissue covered with finely fragmented enamel forms. When the vampire becomes hungry, or aroused, these teeth become engorged with the ichor that passes for blood in the body of the vampire. The teeth swell and achieve their full erect size, up to half an inch long. These are very sharp, fine blades that are used for cutting and penetrating. Finally, magical vampires have no reflection in a mirror or simalr item. Because they have no reflection, nor can they be photographed. Feeding Vampirism is a disease, or interlocking arrangement of micro- organisms, operating similarly to a retro-virus, which alters the very nature of the cells in the vampire's body, one by one, and has exotic side effects and symptoms. The virus is quasi-sentient and is a psychically aware psychovore, surviving by consuming the life energies of others. Therefore, both magical and non-magical vampires are hemophagic psychovores with a hunger to live, a hunger for life. There are some forms of vampire that exist on other things besides blood, and these will be covered further on. In general though, while vampires seem to survive by the sheer force of their own will, they actually maintain their existence by feeding on both the blood and vital life force of their victims. The more intense the victim's emotion, the more psychic energy is created, the higher the psychic output of the victim, and the better it is for the vampire to feed upon. Vampires require psychic energy at the levels of intensity generated by death, terror, passion, or other extremes of emotion. This is why most vampires terrorize their victims, playing with them before feeding. Other vampires use techniques to arouse great passio From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Mon Sep 13 23:00:00 1993 Path: biosci!daresbury!doc.ic.ac.uk!uknet!pipex!uunet!psinntp!channel1!GMAST-L From: GMAST-L@UTCVM.UTC.EDU Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: Timelords Vampires (LONG) Message-ID: <40.29.2613.0NE18C61@UTCVM.UTC.EDU> Date: 13 Sep 93 18:56:00 GMT Organization: Channel 1(R) * 617-864-0100 Info * 617-354-7077 Modem Lines: 117 z(Continued from last message) singing an eery song. They prefer to feed only from people they know. Katakhana (Crete) Normal Type III vampire. Krvopijac (Bulgaria) Normal Type III vampire. Krvopijac (Bulgaria) Normal Type III vampire, allegedly with only one nostril. It is said that they can be defeated by having a wizard or priest walk over the vampire's grave, order its soul into a bottle of blood and then burn the bottle. Lamia (Greece) Type IV vampire, although many may be Type V. Beautiful women, their preferred form is human headed serpent or reptile. Langsuir (Malaysia) Type IV vampire. This is a woman who dies in childbirth, having been exposed to the virus. She feeds primarily off of small children. Lobishomem (Brazil) Normal Type III vampire. Lobishumen (Brazil) Type IV vampire. This vampire looks like a small, stumpy hunchbacked monkey with a yellow face, bloodless lips, black teeth, a bushy beard and plush covered feet. Moslem (Yugoslavia) Type IV vampires. Vampire snakes. Mulo (Serbia) Type IV vampires. These appear as normal people wearing white clothes, who charm their victims and place them into boiling pots of water. The term can also refer to evil spirits in general. Murohy (Rumania) Normal Type III vampire. Nocnitz Looks like a Hag. They may be a form of Type V, as they are normally astral in form, manifesting a physical body only to attack or to feed. Nosferat (Rumania) Normal Type III vampire. Ogoljen (Bohemia) Normal Type III vampire. P'O (Chinese) Fairly normal Type III vampires, but they can't shape change, and usually remain invisible. Pamgri (Hungary) Normal Type III vampire. Rakshasa (Northern India) Preferred form is Tiger. Magic-using flesh eaters. Although relatively normal Type IV vampires, see description else where. Stirge See Strige. Striges (Greece) Type IV vampire. These wear the form of birds,a nd prefer to feed on young children. Strigoi (Rumania) See Strige. Tii (Polynesia) See Vrykolakas. Upuir/Upierczi (Russia, Poland) Normal Type III vampire. Vapir (Bulgaria) Normal Type III vampire. Varcolaco (Rumenia) See Vrykolakas. Vilkolak (Poland) See Vrykolakas. Vlkodlak (Serbia) Normal Type III vampire. Vrykolakas (Greece) See Vrykolakas above. Vyestitsa (Serbia) `Sorceress' Vampires (any type) who are also powerful wizards. They are accused of eating the hearts of small children. `Water-Colts' (Celtic) These are usually though of as black unicorns. They may be a form of Type IV, although they are normally intangible in form, manifesting a physical body only to attack or to feed. Wiesczy (Poland) Normal Type III vampire. Wurwolaka (Albania) See Vrykolakas. From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Tue Sep 14 23:00:00 1993 Path: biosci!daresbury!bioftp.unibas.ch!embl-heidelberg.de!uni-heidelberg!rz.uni-karlsruhe.de!xlink.net!howland.reston.ans.net! spool.mu.edu!umn.edu!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!concert!duke!news.duke.edu!canctr.mc.duke.edu!HPT From: hpt@canctr.mc.duke.edu Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: shark chromosomes Message-ID: <20469@news.duke.edu> Date: 15 Sep 93 20:59:22 GMT Sender: news@news.duke.edu Reply-To: hpt@canctr.mc.duke.edu Organization: Duke U. Med. Ctr., Durham, NC Lines: 7 Nntp-Posting-Host: canctr.mc.duke.edu I guess most of you here are human chromosome people but can anyone tell me the number of chromosomes the spiny dogfish has (Squalus acanthias) or direct me to a reference source Thanks Howard ps email hpt@canctr.mc.duke.edu rather than continue thread. From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Tue Sep 14 23:00:00 1993 Path: biosci!his.com!vincent.zenger From: vincent.zenger@his.com Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: WHEAT GENOME Message-ID: <9309151752.A7774wk@his.com> Date: 16 Sep 93 00:52:12 GMT Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: bionet Lines: 12 I need some facts on the wheat genome. First, approximately how large is the genome in base pairs? Second, how many retrotransposons and transposons are known to exist in wheat, what is the approximate number of copies of each, and what percentage of the genome is comprised of such repetitive elements? Third, what is the evolutionary history of wheat? I have heard that it is a "tribrid" generated by 2 wide hybridizations among 3 species. What are the species names and what is the species name of the major cultivar grown in the U.S. Thanks in advance. Please post responses to FOF@vm.cfsan.fda.gov and I will post a summary of any derived information in case (God forbid!) someone else could actually use this information. From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Wed Sep 15 23:00:00 1993 Path: biosci!daresbury!bioftp.unibas.ch!rc1!ub4b!mcsun!uunet!cs.utexas.edu!convex!constellation!aardvark.ucs.uoknor.edu!aardvark.ucs.uoknor.edu!broe From: broe@aardvark.ucs.uoknor.edu (Bruce Roe) Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: Re: Timelords Vampires (LONG) Message-ID: <16SEP199308424451@aardvark.ucs.uoknor.edu> Date: 16 Sep 93 13:42:00 GMT References: <40.25.2613.0NE18C5D@UTCVM.UTC.EDU> Organization: University of Oklahoma - University Computing Services Lines: 46 Nntp-Posting-Host: loopback.uoknor.edu News-Software: VAX/VMS VNEWS 1.41 In article <40.25.2613.0NE18C5D@UTCVM.UTC.EDU>, GMAST-L@UTCVM.UTC.EDU writes... >From owner-gmast-l@UTCVM.UTC.EDU Mon Sep 13 14:57:40 1993 >Received: from UTCVM.UTC.EDU by uu.psi.com (5.65b/4.1.031792-PSI/PSINet) via >SMTP; > id AA27526 for pitt.crandlemire; Mon, 13 Sep 93 14:57:40 -0400 >Message-Id: <9309131857.AA27526@uu.psi.com> >Received: from UTCVM.UTC.EDU by UTCVM.UTC.EDU (IBM VM SMTP V2R2) > with BSMTP id 3902; Mon, 13 Sep 93 14:56:52 EDT >Received: from UTCVM.UTC.EDU (NJE origin LISTSERV@UTCVM) by UTCVM.UTC.EDU > (LMail V1.1d/1.7f) with BSMTP id 6737; Mon, 13 Sep 1993 14:56:16 -0400 >Date: Mon, 13 Sep 1993 13:56:35 -0500 >Reply-To: Gamemasters Interest Group >Sender: Gamemasters Interest Group >From: "I. Marc Carlson" >Subject: Timelords Vampires (LONG) >X-To: gmast-l@utcvm.utc.edu >To: Multiple recipients of list GMAST-L > > Vampires and Vampirism > Gentle reader, A sizable fraction of the BioSci UseNet News group readership still does not have the luxury of news software access to the BIOSCI/bionet groups. While crossposting is warranted in some cases, please use it *spareingly*, if at all. Announcements and general news should be sent ONLY to BIONEWS/bionet.announce. Although this group is moderated and people do not get the immediate gratification of seeing their message go out instantly, rest assured that the readership of this group is higher than almost all others because of the higher signal-to-noise ratio. There is one news-group for information of general interest (bio-news). Although your posting might be of interest to a number of people, please do only send it to bio-news. Do NOT cross-post to the world. Please keep in mind that there are still people receiving these messages through e-mail. Cheers.......bruce - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - \ Bruce A. Roe Professor of Chemistry and Biochemistry / / Dept. of Chem. and Biochem. INTERNET: BROE@aardvark.ucs.uoknor.edu \ \ University of Oklahoma BITNET: BROE@uokucsvx / / 620 Parrington Oval, Rm 208 AT&TNET: 405-325-4912 or 405-325-7610 \ \ Norman, Oklahoma 73019 FAXnet: 405-325-6111 / - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Thu Sep 16 23:00:00 1993 Path: biosci!AZALEA.LSCPE.PSU.EDU!frost From: frost@AZALEA.LSCPE.PSU.EDU ("David S. Horowitz") Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: Re: shark chromosomes Message-ID: <199309170107.AA05827@azalea.lscpe.psu.edu> Date: 17 Sep 93 01:07:09 GMT Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: bionet Lines: 24 Although the following article does not directly state the number of chromosomes in Squalus acanthius, it is a good source for other material and is interesting reading. Smith, P.J. 1986. Low Genetic Variation in Sharks (Chondrichthyes). Copeia. 1:202-207 -Dave _ (_) Dave Horowitz _____ O ____ Marine Science Society / / o O / / PSU CAC / / O / | / / o __/ \ ____ / / ____------ ----______ / / / / __--- DSH109@PSUVM --------- \_____ / / __--- o ///// frost@azalea.lscpe.psu.edu --- / ( (V) ||||| horowitz@fubar.bk.psu.edu / --__ \\\\\ _____-- | ------_______ ________---------- ____---- \ \ \ / \ \ \ \ \ \ \__\ \__\ \_ _\ From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Sun Sep 19 23:00:00 1993 Path: biosci!rutgers!usc!howland.reston.ans.net!xlink.net!scsing.switch.ch!aristo.tau.ac.il!pc386 From: pc386@ccsg.tau.ac.il (BENNY SHOMER 9238) Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: Primers database through gopher. Message-ID: <1993Sep20.175232.25242@aristo.tau.ac.il> Date: 20 Sep 93 17:52:32 GMT Sender: usenet@aristo.tau.ac.il (USENET) Organization: Tel-Aviv University Computation Center Lines: 163 X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL1] Hello Bionetters. It has been recently suggested that a searchable database of primers for PCR will be set. The basic idea behind this database is that only ___TESTED_&_WORKING___ (!!!) primers should be contained. This may save many valuable planning and working hours, as well as money. We all know that even carefully planned primers fail to operate when it comes down to the tubes... Dan Jacobson from the Johns Hopkins Univ. GDB, and your humble servant, are now working on the establishment of this database as a gopher server. Cited below is the suggested basic form for this database. We now open a discussion regarding the suggested data fields. We are interested in hearing your opinions regarding this form. Please pay attention to the following: 1. This message has been cross posted to several bionet.xxxx groups. It is suggested however, that the thread will be maintained in bionet.molbio. methds-reagnts . This will make it easier to read and respond to everyone's followups. 2. A followup to the newsgroup is prefferred over direct responses in the Email, so as to keep the thread open. If, for any reason you want to contact us directly, Dan's address is: danj@gdb.org, my @ is: pc386@ccsg.tau.ac.il We hope that this thread will be constructive, and that the database will be 'on the air' as soon as possible. Greetings, Dan Jacobson, Benny Shomer. This is the suggested form: ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Primer Name: ______________________________ Target Gene: ______________________________________________________________ Species: ___________________________ Direction: { FOR / REV } Matching Primer(s) in this database: _________________________________ Sequence (5' --> 3'): ___________________________ Length: __ Flanking bases ______ to _____ on the target sequence. Product Length (cDNA):_______ Product Length (genomic):_______ {Lengths are in bp, or 0 for inverse PCR, where length is unknown} Restriction Site Added: _____________ Mutation presented at base: __ Special Applications: { Inverse/ RT-PCR/ Sequencing/ Cloning/ Mutation/ / Ligation Mediated} __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ ******************** Cycle Conditions ********************************* Hot Start: {Yes/No} Initial Denaturation- Temp: __ Time: ____ Denaturation - Temp: __ Time: ____ Annealing - Temp: __ Time: ____ Extension - Temp: __ Time: ____ Number Of Cycles: __ Final Extension - Temp: __ Time: ____ ********************** Buffer Constituents **************************** (This section basically regards non-standard buffer constituents) Reaction Volume (ul): __ Used Standard Buffer Supplied By: _______________ MgCl2 Concentration (mM): __ DMSO Concentration (%): __ Formamide Concentration (%): __ Gelatin Concentration (%): __ dNTP's Concentration (uM): __ Primers Concentration (uM): __ Polymerase Type: ___________ Polymerase Concentration (U/Rxn.): ___ Make: _____________ ************************************************************************** Submitting Author. Name: __________________________________ Institution: ______________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ Address: _________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ E-mail : ________________________________ Fax# : ______________________ References: __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ Remarks: __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ************************************************************** * Benny Shomer * * Tel-Aviv University * * Sackler School of Medicine, Dept.of Embryology and Teratology* *--------------------------------------------------------------* * Snail: Ramat-Aviv , Tel-Aviv 69978 , Israel. * * E-mail : pc386@ccsg.tau.ac.il * * Tel : 972-3-640-9238 FAX : 972-3-642-2046 * * * %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % So Many Computers , So Little Time ... % % % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Wed Sep 22 23:00:00 1993 Path: biosci!CMGM.STANFORD.EDU!corrocha From: corrocha@CMGM.STANFORD.EDU (Luis M. Corrochano) Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: (none) Message-ID: <9309232253.AA04289@cmgm.stanford.edu> Date: 23 Sep 93 19:53:27 GMT Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: bionet Lines: 19 Hello all: We have found a very short repetitive sequence in the genome of the fungus Phycomyces and I'm not sure of how unique this is among fungi or other microbes. To assess this, we will appreciate receiving any infomation about repetitive DNA in fungi that you might consider relevant (sequence, size, number per genome) as well as references that might help us (yes...I'm also trying Medline and GenBank but I would like to know what you think). Thanks for the time that you have dedicated to read this lines. ------------------------- Luis M. Corrochano Department of Biological Sciences Stanford University Stanford, CA 94305-5020 phone (415) 723-3165 fax (415) 723-6132 e-mail corrocha@cmgm.stanford.edu From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Fri Sep 24 23:00:00 1993 Path: biosci!daresbury!doc.ic.ac.uk!agate!spool.mu.edu!uwm.edu!news.doit.wisc.edu!saimiri.primate.wisc.edu!hp9000.csc.cuhk.hk!hkuxb.hku.hk!hkucc.hku.hk!xfcheung From: xfcheung@hkucc.hku.hk Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: Q's on 6P- syndrome Message-ID: <1993Sep25.162821.1@hkucc.hku.hk> Date: 25 Sep 93 08:28:21 GMT Sender: usenet@hkuxb.hku.hk (USENET News System) Organization: The University of Hong Kong Lines: 22 Nntp-Posting-Host: hkucc.hku.hk Hi, Anyone outhere has some experience on 6P- genetic defect. We recently have got a patient who had the Trisomy syndrome features including cleft lip, trisomy hand, posterior rotated lowset malformed ear, and also congenital heart defects including patent ductus arteriosus and atrial septal defect and also congenital hydrocephalus. However repeated chromsomal study did not confirm the diagnosis of trisomy 13 syndrome (Patau's syndrome), instead it was found that there was a small deletion on the short arm of the chromosome 6. We tried to look it up from the large textbook and it seemed that we could not really locate such a chromosomal defect with the associated congenital abnormalities. If anyone has information or know where I could get some more information, please kindly leave me a note. Thanks in advance. Dr David Chiu Hong Kong From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Thu Sep 30 23:00:00 1993 Path: biosci!daresbury!doc.ic.ac.uk!agate!msuinfo!netnews.upenn.edu!tjuvm!rothstei From: rothstei@calvin.jci.tju.edu (Jay Rothstein) Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: Mutants to my gene? Message-ID: Date: 29 Sep 93 23:05:42 GMT Followup-To: bionet.genome.chromosomes Organization: JCI Lines: 9 Nntp-Posting-Host: 147.140.129.215 I have mapped a new zinc finger gene expressed in hematopoietic lineages from blood islands to bone marrow and it mapps (tentatively) to distal chromosome 5. Anyone know anything about distal 5 that I shoudl look for. I know this isn't much by way of fine structure but I just got started. Its a new gene I have identified and it may represent one of the earliest blood markers to date. Rothstei@calvin.jci.tju.edu Tel: 215-955-4622 Fax :215-923-3473