From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Mon Dec 02 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!ihnp4.ucsd.edu!swrinde!howland.erols.net!EU.net!Norway.EU.net!sn.no!nntp.uio.no!ifi.uio.no!usenet From: Tom Roger Kise Newsgroups: bionet.general,bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: Crossover-statistics Date: Tue, 03 Dec 1996 13:15:34 +0100 Organization: Dept. of Informatics, University of Oslo, Norway Lines: 13 Message-ID: <32A419E6.41C6@ifi.uio.no> NNTP-Posting-Host: logi.ifi.uio.no Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Mailer: Mozilla 3.0 (X11; I; IRIX 5.3 IP22) CC: hermunda, haakonhj Xref: biosci bionet.general:24311 bionet.genome.chromosomes:1435 For simulation of evolution I need to know how often crossover occures for both human and other species. 1. how often does deletion, translocation and duplication of genes during crossover occur? 2. is crossover of the type stated in question 1 restricted to sexual mating? -- Tom Kise (tomk@ifi.uio.no) Casparisgt. 11 (http://www.ifi.uio.no/~tomk) 0174 OSLO (22 11 23 65) From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Mon Dec 02 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!daresbury!not-for-mail From: Rifat Hamoudi Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: LINKAGE software running on 286 Date: 3 Dec 1996 02:41:54 -0000 Lines: 20 Sender: lpddist@mserv1.dl.ac.uk Distribution: bionet Message-ID: <58041i$jd8@mserv1.dl.ac.uk> Delivery-Receipt-To: Rifat Hamoudi MIME-Version: 1.0 X-Authentication: IMSP Original-To: biochrom@dl.ac.uk > Hi, > I would appreciate if anyone know of a site that has > LINKAGE software than run on 286 PC. I loaded LINKAGE 5.2 on 286 > computer but whenever I load mlink or the other modules I get > error message saying that the hardward is not recognised and that > I would have to load DPMIINST. Does anyone know why that is? > > Has anyone got a copy of mlink, unknown and makeped running > fine on 286? If so could I get a copy of them? > > Thanks for your help. > > Rifat. > > rifat@icr.ac.uk > > From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Mon Dec 02 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!WWW.BRIC.POSTECH.AC.KR!hgn From: hgn@WWW.BRIC.POSTECH.AC.KR (Hong- Gil Nam) Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: [Q] fidning a mutation site on a BAC clone Date: 2 Dec 1996 18:42:23 -0800 Organization: POSTECH Lines: 20 Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: world Message-ID: <32A393C7.9A1@bric.postech.ac.kr> NNTP-Posting-Host: net.bio.net Dear Netters: I am trying to clone a gene for gi gene in Arabidopsis. We have isolated a BAC clone (150kb) that are very likely to encompass the mutation. We would like to find the mutation site in the BAC clone. The BAC clone is form wild type and we have three independent alleles of mutants. I would appreciate if someone give an inforamtion on how to find a mutation site on a BAC clone in our situation? Hong Gil Hong Gil Nam Department of Life Science Pohang University of Science and Technology Hyoja Dong, Pohang Kyungbuk, 79-784 South Korea e-mail:hgn@bric.postech.ac.kr From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Mon Dec 02 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!bcm.tmc.edu!news.msfc.nasa.gov!news.sgi.com!su-news-hub1.bbnplanet.com!news.bbnplanet.com!cam-news-hub1.bbnplanet.com!howland.erols.net!feed1.news.erols.com!news.magicnet.net!news.sprintlink.net!news-atl-21.sprintlink.net!news.sprintlink.net!news-pull.sprintlink.net!news.sprintlink.net!news-stk-11.sprintlink.net!news.dx.net!portal.dx.net!not-for-mail From: Xtra_Cash@your.home.com (MoMoney) Newsgroups: bionet.general,bionet.genome.arabidopsis,bionet.genome.chromosomes,bionet.glycosci,bionet.immunology Subject: Earn extra cash for the holidays working from home. Date: 2 Dec 1996 20:27:46 -0500 Organization: Work from Home Network Lines: 13 Sender: user@portal.dx.net Message-ID: <57vvmi$sn3@portal.dx.net> Reply-To: No one! NNTP-Posting-Host: portal.dx.net Xref: biosci bionet.general:24307 bionet.genome.arabidopsis:5253 bionet.genome.chromosomes:1432 bionet.glycosci:884 bionet.immunology:10386 Homeworkers Urgently Needed! Earn weekly paychecks from the comfort of your home. FREE details. Send long, self-addressed, stamped envelope to: S.P.E.L., Dept IN-2 PO Box 211-111 Royal Palm Bch, FL 33421-1111 From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Mon Dec 02 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!ihnp4.ucsd.edu!swrinde!news-peer.gsl.net!news.gsl.net!EU.net!usenet2.news.uk.psi.net!uknet!usenet1.news.uk.psi.net!uknet!uknet!lyra.csx.cam.ac.uk!news From: pd@napc8.path.cam.ac.uk (Phil Davey) Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: Re: Question on X chromosome Date: 3 Dec 1996 18:20:43 GMT Organization: University of Cambridge, England Lines: 24 Message-ID: <581r1r$bvu@lyra.csx.cam.ac.uk> References: <581l57$pj9@netty.york.ac.uk> NNTP-Posting-Host: napc8.path.cam.ac.uk X-Newsreader: knews 0.9.6 In article <581l57$pj9@netty.york.ac.uk>, cs132@york.ac.uk (Chris) writes: >This is a question that no one at York university seems able to >answer. >The question is as follows:- > >In females one X chromosome stays active and codes for proteins where >as the other chromosome is (supposedly) inactive and forms the dense >bar body which can be visibly seen under an optical microscope. > >Are the inactive X,s truelly inactive? AFAIK, only some sections of the X chromosome are inactivated. This means that some genes on the X escape inactivation. I think it's also possible for mutations to occur that affect the inactivation of particular genes. >Or something entirely different. Quite possibly! :-) --- Phil Davey [E-mail pd@mole.bio.cam.ac.uk] Just because you're smart, doesn't mean you can't act stupid.... From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Mon Dec 02 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!ihnp4.ucsd.edu!swrinde!howland.erols.net!newsfeed.internetmci.com!news.xensei.com!news From: chi@healthtech.com (Bioinformatics & Genome Research) Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: 6 Int'l Bioinformatics and Genome Research Date: Tue, 03 Dec 1996 19:04:54 GMT Organization: Cambridge Healthtech Institute Lines: 53 Message-ID: <581tkh$5ej@xensei3.xensei.com> Reply-To: chi@healthtech.com NNTP-Posting-Host: chi.xensei.com X-Newsreader: Forte Free Agent 1.0.82 Call for poster and speaker presentations: Deadline for submissions: December 20, 1997 Cambridge Healthtech Institute's Sixth International Bioinformatics and Genome Research Conference June 11-12, 1997 Fairmont Hotel, San Francisco, CA Scientific Advisory Committee Dr. Keith Elliston, Bayer Corporation Dr. Kenneth H. Fasman, Whitehead Institute of Genomic Research Dr. Nathan Goodman, Jackson Laboratory Dr. Hwa A. Lim, Pangea Systems Dr. G. Christian Overton, University of Pennsylvania Sessions to cover the forthcoming challenges of Bioinformatics: *Emerging Technologies *Functional Analysis of Genes *New Data Tools *Chemi-Informatics: Pharmaceutical Lead Discovery *Data Analysis If you wish to receive program and registration information, please contact: Cambridge Healthtech Institute 1037 Chestnut Street Newton Upper Falls, MA 02164 USA Phone: 617-630-1300 Fax: 617-630-1325 E-mail: chi@healthtech.com http://www.healthtech.com/conferences/ ______________________________ Cambridge Healthtech Institute 1037 Chestnut Street Newton Upper Falls, MA 02164 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ tel: 617.630.1300 fax: 617.630.1325 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ inquiries@healthtech.com World Wide Web http://www.healthtech.com/conferences From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Mon Dec 02 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!ihnp4.ucsd.edu!swrinde!howland.erols.net!newsfeed.internetmci.com!EU.net!usenet2.news.uk.psi.net!uknet!usenet1.news.uk.psi.net!uknet!uknet!yama.mcc.ac.uk!news.york.ac.uk!news From: cs132@york.ac.uk (Chris) Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: Question on X chromosome Date: Wed, 04 Dec 1996 00:40:06 GMT Organization: The University of York, UK Lines: 25 Message-ID: <581l57$pj9@netty.york.ac.uk> NNTP-Posting-Host: cst030.york.ac.uk X-Newsreader: Forte Free Agent 1.0.82 This is a question that no one at York university seems able to answer. The question is as follows:- In females one X chromosome stays active and codes for proteins where as the other chromosome is (supposedly) inactive and forms the dense bar body which can be visibly seen under an optical microscope. When females have 3 or more X chromoses 2 or more bar bodies representing the inactive X's are visible. Why do these women (especially in the case of 4 X,s) suffer from physical and mental defects? Are the inactive X,s truelly inactive? Is it the fact that each cell of the body will express 1 of 3 or more X phenotypes instead of 1 of 2 (as it is random which X stays active and which X's are domant). Could it be the physical space the extra X's take up? Or something entirely different. Chris Swainson From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Tue Dec 03 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!ATL.MINDSPRING.COM!dlavett From: dlavett@ATL.MINDSPRING.COM (Diane Lavett) Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: Chris's question Date: 3 Dec 1996 16:48:06 -0800 Organization: MindSpring Enterprises, Inc. Lines: 4 Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: world Message-ID: <32A5116D.29A2@atl.mindspring.com> NNTP-Posting-Host: net.bio.net Chris: Not all of the X chromosome is inactivated. Those unacctivated genes be the cause of abnormalities due to their unbalancing effect. Diane Lavett From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Tue Dec 03 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!ihnp4.ucsd.edu!swrinde!cs.utexas.edu!news.sprintlink.net!news-peer.sprintlink.net!howland.erols.net!ais.net!noc.van.hookup.net!not-for-mail From: alien.on.earth@star-trek.com (Suzy) Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: FragX E/Point Mutation? Date: Wed, 04 Dec 1996 19:00:26 GMT Organization: HookUp Communication Corporation, Vancouver, BC, CANADA Lines: 16 Message-ID: <32a5c9de.10232362@news.jumppoint.com> Reply-To: alien.on.earth@star-trek.com NNTP-Posting-Host: excel42.jumppoint.com X-Newsreader: Forte Free Agent 1.1/16.230 Hi. What are the specific tests for fragile x E and point mutation of the X gene? My son had the fragX southern blot(apprently the regular FragX A test). Since then I've been told even though result were normal because he behaviourally and physically meets the majority of criteria that he probably has frag X but FragX E or a point mutation. Suzy (03/67) HFA/AS. Just another alien on earth with my own little colony. Stephen my sunshine (01/92) ADHD/PDD, and Alyssa my aly cat (03/90) ODD. Suzy Suzy'a Home Page: Java/forms/Graphics version: http://www.Suzy.home.ml.org Text Version: http://www.geocities.com/athens/4773/indext.html Disabilities Page: Java/forms/Graphics version: http://www.Ability.home.ml.org Text Version: http://www.geocities.com/athens/4773/indext5.html From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Tue Dec 03 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!ihnp4.ucsd.edu!munnari.OZ.AU!news.ecn.uoknor.edu!feed1.news.erols.com!howland.erols.net!surfnet.nl!swidir.switch.ch!serra.unipi.it!lina!moro From: moro@cli.di.unipi.it (Lorenzo Moro) Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: HELP in neurology! Date: 4 Dec 1996 17:14:41 GMT Organization: Dipartimento di Informatica, Universita' di Pisa Lines: 18 Distribution: world Message-ID: <584bi1$1i26@serra.unipi.it> NNTP-Posting-Host: lina.cli.di.unipi.it X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2] I'm searching help to find a treatment for Francesco, age 29, who is affected by a progressive paralyzation of legs and arms, before upper limbs and now even lower limbs. In evolution since 1984, it may be a disease of the second neuron of movement or an alteration of encephalon in the frontal right side. He risks, without appropriate treatment, an extension of the disease to vital muscles. Till today nobody stabilized the real origin of the disease. The already made clinic examinations are in the web address http://www.cli.ci.unipi.it/~moro/ciccio/ciccio.html if there is somebody, who is able to give him help, may send a mail to moro@cli.di.unipi.it or to muscato@dipmat.unict.it thanks, Lorenzo From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Wed Dec 04 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!ihnp4.ucsd.edu!swrinde!howland.erols.net!newsfeed.internetmci.com!news.xensei.com!news From: symposia@xensei.com (Cambridge Symposia) Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: Functional Genomics:From Genes To Drugs Date: Thu, 05 Dec 1996 12:55:56 GMT Organization: Cambridge Symposia Lines: 233 Message-ID: <586gqj$l6r@xensei3.xensei.com> Reply-To: symposia@xensei.com NNTP-Posting-Host: chi.xensei.com X-Newsreader: Forte Free Agent 1.0.82 Functional Genomics:From Genes To Drugs April 17-18 , 1997 Washington Court Hotel, Washington DC, USA For more information or to register please contact Cambridge Symposia Phone:(617) 630-1399 Fax:(617) 630-1395 e-mail:symposia@cambridge.org AS the quest to divine the full sequence of the human genome rapidly approaches fruition, so too does a new era in human biology and the understanding of gene function. Scientists are already celebrating the completion of the yeast genome project and the sequence of several important micro-organisms. These discoveries are providing myriad new opportunities for analyzing gene function and evolution, and provide a tantalizing glimpse of the opportunities that will exist in the future of human genetic research. In addition to providing a boon in understanding gene function, these discoveries will have profound implications for the fields of genetic diagnostics and therapeutics. Indeed, gene-based discoveries are already providing an entirely new approach to pharmaceutical drug development, and large pharmaceutical corporations and independent genomics companies are racing to harness the fruits of the genome project into the development of novel therapeutic products. Functional Genomics: From genes to drugs - the fifth international Nature Genetics conference - represents a timely opportunity to analyse the cutting edge of human genomic research and its implications for understanding gene function and initiating drug discovery. Subjects covered will include the current state of the genome project in humans and model organisms; methods of analyzing raw DNA sequence information; new experimental approaches to dissect gene function; the impact of new technologies on genetic diagnostics; and strategies for the application of new gene discoveries to target disease. Functional Genomics: From genes to drugs features many of the leaders in the field from both academia and industrial settings. The conference will include presentations on late-breaking discoveries and there will be ample time for discussion and interaction with the speakers. The meeting will be of interest to a broad audience of geneticists, molecular biologists, pharmaceutical researchers, venture capitalists and more. By reserving your place now, you can take advantage of generous discounted registration rates. Nature Genetics looks forward to welcoming you to Washington D.C. and participating in one of the most exciting conferences of 1997. Thursday, April 17 I:From Sequence... Chair: Peter Goodfellow SmithKline Beecham WALTER GILBERT Harvard U Genomics and the evolution of genes FRANCIS COLLINS NCHGR, NIH Genome II - The revolution continues CLAIRE FRASER TIGR Microbial genome sequencing:new insights on physiology and evolution ANDRE GOFFEAU Catholic U, Louvain From the yeast genome to human biology MARK BOGUSKI NCBI, NIH Closing the gap between sequence and function II ...To Function Chair: Francis Collins NCHGR, NIH BOB HORVITZ MIT Uses of the nematode C. elegans for studies of functional genomics GERRY RUBIN UC, Berkeley Placing genes in pathways using Drosophila genetics WOLFGANG DRIEVER MGH Forward genetics: systematic mutagenesis screens in zebrafish ALLAN BRADLEY Baylor College of Med Chromosome engineering in mice Friday, April 18 III:From Genes.. Chair: TBA BARBARA WEBER U Pennsylvania Functional analysis of human breast cancer genes STEVEN FODOR Affymetrix Genes, chips and the Human Genome BOB TEPPER Millennium Pharmaceuticals Analysis of gene expression in complex disease models + Late-breaking research IV ...To Drugs! Chair: Alan Williamson Merck DAVID BEACH Cold Spring Harbor Genetics in animal cells PETER GOODFELLOW SmithKline Beecham Integrating gene discovery and functional genetics BILL HASELTINE Human Genome Sciences Medical genomics: from genes to medical products JURGEN DREWS Hoffmann-La Roche The impact of genomics on pharmaceutical research Functional Genomics:From Genes To Drugs 17-18 April, 1997 Washington Court Hotel, Washington DC, USA |__| Yes, I want to attend |__|My personal check in U.S. $ is encolsed. (Make check payable to Cambridge Symposia) Charge my credit card: |___| Visa |___| Master Card |___| Amex Account Number:_______________________________Exp. Date: _____________ Signature:__________________________________________________________ Name (please print) :____________________________Title: ______________ Organization:____________________________________________________ Address:_______________________________________________________ City:_________________________State: _____________ Zip: ____________ Country: ____________________________ Phone: _______________________Fax:_______________ E-mail: _________________________________________ Special Needs: |__| Chech here if you have a disability and may require special accommodations. If you have a special dietary need indicate please check one: |__|Diabetic |__| Kosher |__| Low Salt |__|Vegetarian 4 Easy Ways to Register: 1. mail a registration form and payment to: Cambridge Symposia, 1037 Chestnut Street, Dept. G., Newton Upper Falls, MA 02164 2. phone: (617) 630-1399 between 8:30 am and 5:00 pm Eastern Standard Time 3. fax: (617) 630-1395 with your credit card number 4. e-mail: symposia@cambridge.org Functional Genomics: From Genes to Drugs conference rates Students with ID Before January 10th:$125 Before March 16th:$150 After March 16th: $175 Postdocs with ID Before January 10th:$175 Before March 16th:$250 After March 16th: $295 Academic and Government Before January 10th:$295 Before March 16th:$395 After March 16th: $495 Industry Before January 10th:$495 Before March 16th:$695 After March 16th: $895 Students and academic postdocs must produce ID when registering. Sponsor's Liability: Should this conference be cancelled or postponed for any reason, the sponsor's liability is limited to the return of the registration fee. Cancellation Policy: All cancellations must be received in writing. Cancellations received before March 16th, 1997 will be subject to a service charge of $100. No refunds will be made after that date. Registrants who are unable to attend may, if they choose, send a substitute. The Washington Court (on Capitol Hill) 525 New Jersey Avenue, N.W. Washington DC 20001 Phone: (202) 628-2100 or 800-321-3010 Fax: (202) 737-2641 The Washington Court Hotel is located on New Jersey Avenue, N.W., just two blocks from the Senate and House of Representatives office buildings as well as the U.S. Capitol. Union Station, which includes both Amtrak and Metro access, is just three blocks away. Washington National Airport is a 15 minute ride by cab or Metro, and Washington's galleries, museums, dining and nightlife are readily accessible. Accommodations are limited, and are assigned in the order in which the hotel receives your request and lodging deposit. You must identify yourself as an attendee to the Nature Genetics Functional Genomics conference to receive the rates indicated below. Full payment for your confirmed accommodations is due and payable to the hotel upon arrival. DO NOT SEND PAYMENT FOR LODGING TO THE CAMBRIDGE SYMPOSIA. Lodging rates:$153.00/night (single/double) Rate does not include state, local and occupancy taxes RESERVATIONS MUST BE MADE BEFORE MARCH 17, 1997 TO BE GUARANTEED THE ABOVE RATE. Unscheduled Late Arrivals at the Hotel: The Hotel will hold reserved units for late arrivals until no later than 8 am on the first full day of the conference. PLEASE NOTE: Early, registration is scheduled for April 16, 1997, 5 pm to 8 pm. Please note that there are no sessions scheduled for April 19, 1997. From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Wed Dec 04 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!ihnp4.ucsd.edu!swrinde!cs.utexas.edu!howland.erols.net!dciteleport.com!worldnet.att.net!arclight.uoregon.edu!news.bc.net!malun1.mala.bc.ca!mala.bc.ca!apland From: apland@mala.bc.ca (Ron Apland) Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: Re: Question on X chromosome Date: 4 Dec 96 17:37:38 -0700 Organization: Malaspina University-College Lines: 20 Message-ID: <1996Dec4.173738@malad1.mala.bc.ca> References: <581l57$pj9@netty.york.ac.uk> <581r1r$bvu@lyra.csx.cam.ac.uk> NNTP-Posting-Host: malad1.mala.bc.ca >>This is a question that no one at York university seems able to >>answer. >>The question is as follows:- >> >>In females one X chromosome stays active and codes for proteins where >>as the other chromosome is (supposedly) inactive and forms the dense >>bar body which can be visibly seen under an optical microscope. >> >>Are the inactive X,s truelly inactive? > > AFAIK, only some sections of the X chromosome are inactivated. This means > that some genes on the X escape inactivation. I think it's also possible > for mutations to occur that affect the inactivation of particular genes. > >>Or something entirely different. How would you account for sex-linked traits unless regions of both X chromosomes were active? Ron From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Wed Dec 04 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!agate!howland.erols.net!news.sprintlink.net!news-peer.sprintlink.net!arclight.uoregon.edu!news.bc.net!malun1.mala.bc.ca!mala.bc.ca!apland From: apland@mala.bc.ca (Ron Apland) Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: Re: Question on X chromosome Date: 5 Dec 96 08:24:16 -0700 Organization: Malaspina University-College Lines: 16 Message-ID: <1996Dec5.082416@malad1.mala.bc.ca> References: <581l57$pj9@netty.york.ac.uk> <581r1r$bvu@lyra.csx.cam.ac.uk> <586s02$94d@lyra.csx.cam.ac.uk> NNTP-Posting-Host: malad1.mala.bc.ca >>> AFAIK, only some sections of the X chromosome are inactivated. This means >>> that some genes on the X escape inactivation. I think it's also possible >>> for mutations to occur that affect the inactivation of particular genes. >> >>How would you account for sex-linked traits unless regions of both X >>chromosomes were active? > > Why would you _need_ a gene to be active on _both_ chromosomes?? > Wouldn't one or the other be enough? > Yes, of course. What I was trying to account for was the different frequencies. I guess I'm to assume that the difference in frequencies of traits such as R-G colour blindness is not as large as I thought. Ron From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Wed Dec 04 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!ihnp4.ucsd.edu!swrinde!cs.utexas.edu!news.tamu.edu!news From: tim@bio.tamu.edu (IDMB) Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: *** Position Available *** Date: 5 Dec 1996 21:11:53 GMT Organization: Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas Lines: 37 Sender: -Not-Authenticated-[2835] Message-ID: <587dqp$m8n@news.tamu.edu> NNTP-Posting-Host: imaginglab2.tamu.edu X-Newsreader: InterNews 2.0@imaginglab2.tamu.edu[U] XDisclaimer: User not authenticated POSITION AVAILABLE: Texas A&M University's Institute of Developmental & Molecular Biology seeks a full time Technician II (Salary $9.18/hr, $1,597.33/mo, $19,168/yr) to start ASAP. The position is available through August 31, 1997 and is renewable subject to performance and budget availability. Major/essential duties of job: (a) enhance and maintain Internet communications and Web pages for the Gene Technologies and Biological Imaging Labs of the IDMB; (b) to provide system administration and hardware and software trouble-shooting for a small network of Macintosh OS and Windows 95/NT OS computers; (c) to provide end-user assistance in computer-based image capture and video recording from microscopes and copy stands; (d) to learn and subsequently provide technical support for in situ hybridization analysis of biological materials. Educational qualifications/training required: Skills in routine computer system maintenance and biological/microbiological lab technique (including sterile technique and microscopy). Candidates should possess a degree in one of these areas (computer science or biology) and two years' experience in the other area. Notes: This position provides standard university benefits. More information about benefits can be obtained by phoning TAMU Benefits Office at (409) 845-4105. Texas A&M is located in College Station, TX and is an Equal Opportunity Employer. To apply: Please send resume, reference list and cover letter to: Dr. Timothy C. Hall, Director and Distinguished Professor, Institute of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3155. Inquiries may be made via e-mail (tim@bio.tamu.edu). Please reference job number 970323 in all correspondence. From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Wed Dec 04 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!agate!nntpfeed.doc.ic.ac.uk!sunsite.doc.ic.ac.uk!lyra.csx.cam.ac.uk!news From: pd@napc8.path.cam.ac.uk (Phil Davey) Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: Re: Question on X chromosome Date: 5 Dec 1996 16:07:30 GMT Organization: University of Cambridge, England Lines: 18 Message-ID: <586s02$94d@lyra.csx.cam.ac.uk> References: <581l57$pj9@netty.york.ac.uk> <581r1r$bvu@lyra.csx.cam.ac.uk> <1996Dec4.173738@malad1.mala.bc.ca> NNTP-Posting-Host: napc8.path.cam.ac.uk X-Newsreader: knews 0.9.6 In article <1996Dec4.173738@malad1.mala.bc.ca>, apland@mala.bc.ca (Ron Apland) writes: >> AFAIK, only some sections of the X chromosome are inactivated. This means >> that some genes on the X escape inactivation. I think it's also possible >> for mutations to occur that affect the inactivation of particular genes. > >How would you account for sex-linked traits unless regions of both X >chromosomes were active? > >Ron Why would you _need_ a gene to be active on _both_ chromosomes?? Wouldn't one or the other be enough? --- Phil Davey [E-mail pd@mole.bio.cam.ac.uk] Just because you're smart, doesn't mean you can't act stupid.... From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Thu Dec 05 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!biosci!not-for-mail From: tim@bio.tamu.edu (IDMB) Newsgroups: bionet.cellbiol,bionet.cellbiol.cytonet,bionet.genome.chromosomes,sci.image.processing Subject: *** Position Available *** Date: 6 Dec 1996 05:31:54 -0800 Organization: Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas Lines: 38 Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: world Message-ID: <587d6e$lat@news.tamu.edu> NNTP-Posting-Host: net.bio.net Xref: biosci bionet.cellbiol:6135 bionet.cellbiol.cytonet:731 bionet.genome.chromosomes:1447 sci.image.processing:23409 POSITION AVAILABLE: Texas A&M University's Institute of Developmental & Molecular Biology seeks a full time Technician II (Salary $9.18/hr, $1,597.33/mo, $19,168/yr) to start ASAP. The position is available through August 31, 1997 and is renewable subject to performance and budget availability. Major/essential duties of job: (a) enhance and maintain Internet communications and Web pages for the Gene Technologies and Biological Imaging Labs of the IDMB; (b) to provide system administration and hardware and software trouble-shooting for a small network of Macintosh OS and Windows 95/NT OS computers; (c) to provide end-user assistance in computer-based image capture and video recording from microscopes and copy stands; (d) to learn and subsequently provide technical support for in situ hybridization analysis of biological materials. Educational qualifications/training required: Skills in routine computer system maintenance and biological/microbiological lab technique (including sterile technique and microscopy). Candidates should possess a degree in one of these areas (computer science or biology) and two years' experience in the other area. Notes: This position provides standard university benefits. More information about benefits can be obtained by phoning TAMU Benefits Office at (409) 845-4105. Texas A&M is located in College Station, TX and is an Equal Opportunity Employer. To apply: Please send resume, reference list and cover letter to: Dr. Timothy C. Hall, Director and Distinguished Professor, Institute of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3155. Inquiries may be made via e-mail (tim@bio.tamu.edu). Please reference job number 970323 in all correspondence. From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Thu Dec 05 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!biosci!not-for-mail From: gonzales@bio.tamu.edu (MBGonzales) Newsgroups: bionet.cellbiol,bionet.cellbiol.cytonet,bionet.arabidopsis.chromosomes,bionet.genome.chromosomes,sci.image.processing Subject: *** POSITION AVAILABLE *** Date: 6 Dec 1996 05:40:04 -0800 Organization: Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas Lines: 39 Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: world Message-ID: <32a7333c.8933906@news.tamu.edu> NNTP-Posting-Host: net.bio.net Xref: biosci bionet.cellbiol:6136 bionet.cellbiol.cytonet:732 bionet.genome.chromosomes:1448 sci.image.processing:23410 POSITION AVAILABLE: Texas A&M University's Institute of Developmental & Molecular Biology seeks a full time Technician II (Salary $9.18/hr, $1,597.33/mo, $19,168/yr) to start ASAP. The position is available through August 31, 1997 and is renewable subject to performance and budget availability. Major/essential duties of job: (a) enhance and maintain Internet communications and Web pages for the Gene Technologies and Biological Imaging Labs of the IDMB; (b) to provide system administration and hardware and software trouble-shooting for a small network of Macintosh OS and Windows 95/NT OS computers; (c) to provide end-user assistance in computer-based image capture and video recording from microscopes and copy stands; (d) to learn and subsequently provide technical support for in situ hybridization analysis of biological materials. Educational qualifications/training required: Skills in routine computer system maintenance and biological/microbiological lab technique (including sterile technique and microscopy). Candidates should possess a degree in one of these areas (computer science or biology) and two years' experience in the other area. Notes: This position provides standard university benefits. More information about benefits can be obtained by phoning TAMU Benefits Office at (409) 845-4105. Texas A&M is located in College Station, TX and is an Equal Opportunity Employer. To apply: Please send resumé, reference list and cover letter to: Dr. Timothy C. Hall, Director and Distinguished Professor, Institute of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3155. Inquiries may be made via e-mail (tim@bio.tamu.edu). Please reference job number 970323 in all correspondence. From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Fri Dec 06 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!agate!spool.mu.edu!newspump.sol.net!news.mindspring.com!news.bbnplanet.com!cpk-news-hub1.bbnplanet.com!feed1.news.erols.com!howland.erols.net!newsfeed.internetmci.com!news.microagewny.com!usenet From: Douglas Easton Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: Benetics Position Date: Sat, 07 Dec 1996 11:26:07 -0500 Organization: State University College at Buffalo (Biology) Lines: 40 Message-ID: <32A99A9E.1A18@wzrd.com> Reply-To: dpeaston@wzrd.com NNTP-Posting-Host: ppp15.microagewny.com Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Mailer: Mozilla 3.0Gold (Win95; I) GENETICIST STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE AT BUFFALO Applications are invited for a tenure-track ASSISTANT PROFESSOR to begin September 1997. We are seeking a colleague who is enthusiastic about teaching undergraduates. Teaching responsibilities will include Genetics, Introductory Biology for non-majors, and either Botany or Cell Biology. The successful candidate will be expected to develop an active research program involving undergraduate and master's students. Applicants must have a Ph.D., and postdoctoral teaching and research experience is preferred but not required. The State University College at Buffalo (Buffalo State College) is the largest arts and science college in the SUNY system with an enrollment of 13,000 students (including 2000 in graduate programs). The campus is located in a residential district in the city of Buffalo. The Department of Biology enrolls about 250 undergraduate and about 30 graduate students in MA and MSEd programs. Of our 16 faculty, one-half have received their doctorates within the last 13 years. We maintain greenhouse facilities, environmental chambers and research laboratories. The College's newly renovated Aquatic Research Laboratory provides laboratories and research vessels to faculty and students. Applicants should send a curriculum vitae with a thoughtful statement of teaching philosophy, research goals and three letters of recommendation by January 20, 1997 to: Dr. Randal Snyder, Chair of Search Committee, Department of Biology, Buffalo State College, 1300 Elmwood Avenue, Buffalo, NY 14222. Email: SNYDERRJ@SNYBUFAA.CS.SNYBUF.EDU Telephone: 716- 878-4314. We especially encourage applications from women and minorities. From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Fri Dec 06 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!ihnp4.ucsd.edu!munnari.OZ.AU!news.ecn.uoknor.edu!feed1.news.erols.com!worldnet.att.net!news.u.washington.edu!root From: dadler@jane.u.washington.edu (David Adler) Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: Re: Chris's question Date: 7 Dec 1996 21:12:32 GMT Organization: University of Washington Lines: 76 Message-ID: <58cmk0$gnj@nntp3.u.washington.edu> References: <32A5116D.29A2@atl.mindspring.com> NNTP-Posting-Host: jane.pathology.washington.edu In-Reply-To: <32A5116D.29A2@atl.mindspring.com> cc: cs132@york.ac.uk (Chris) X-Newsreader: NewsFlash [$Revision: 2.275 $] NF-00106-05 On 12/03/96, Chris wrote: ... >Why do these women (especially in the case of 4 X,s) suffer from >physical and mental defects? > >Are the inactive X,s truelly inactive? ... >Is it the fact that each cell of the body will express 1 of 3 or more >X phenotypes instead of 1 of 2 (as it is random which X stays active >and which X's are domant). On 12/03/96, Diane Lavett wrote: >Chris: Not all of the X chromosome is inactivated. Those >genes be the cause of abnormalities due to their unbalancing > effect. >Diane Lavett Hi Chris and all, There are indeed genes that have been shown to "escape" X inactivation in normal females. Soon after Mary Lyon proposed the single-active X hypothesis in 1961 some (Ferguson-Smith, 1965) predicted that there must be genes on the human X that escape inactivation. The double dose of at least some genes is necessary for normal female development since 45,X individuals have Turner syndrome - short stature, premature ovarian failure, webbed neck, lymphodema, etc. For clinical description of Turner syndrome see: http://www.kumc.edu/instruction/medicine/pathology/ed/ch_6/sl_28.html It had also been predicted that the situation is different in mice since XO (39,X) female mice are essentially normal. My quick guess of the current count is that there are about 10 genes that escape in human and only two in mouse. We now know that the genes on the human X that escape inactivation are interspersed among genes that are subject to inactivation. A good review of this data and mouse/human comparisons is: Disteche, C.M., Escape from X inactivation in human and mouse. Trends in Genetics 1995 Jan. 11(1). P 17-22. In all situations only a single active X remains active in a cell - so for the case of (47,XXX) X-triploidy two X's are inactivated - and in general the choice of which X remains active is random. The abnormal phenotype of XXX or XXXX or XXXY, individuals is likely the result of the extra dosage of at least some of the genes that escape inactivation - genes that are subject to inactivation will be of normal dosage in such individuals. Another developmental complication is that prior to X-inactivation (occurs around day 3-5 after fertilization) the double dose of expression from both X chromosomes may be important for normal early development of female embryos. Genes that escape X inactivation will in fact have an unusual sex-linked inheritance pattern. This will depend on the particular gene - some human X-linked genes have functionally equivalent copies on the Y chromosome - ZFX and ZFY are examples, and this will also may alter the inheritance. It is the genes that are subject to X inactivation that will show the expected, typical sex-linked inheritance - such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy or hemophilia. [BTW: Since the retinal receptor genes on the X chromosome *are* subject to inactivation color-blindness act as typical sex-linked genes: males are more commonly effected and heterozygous females are uneffected or minimally effected carriers. Unexpected frequencies of color-blindness alleles in the population likely has nothing to do with the phenomenom of escape from X-chromosome inactivation.] Hope this useful and understandable, David -- David A. Adler, Ph.D. Scientist, Zymogenetics Inc. and Pathology, University of Washington "Science is nothing but trained and organized common sense" T.H.Huxley From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Sun Dec 08 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!segi.ulg.ac.be!s771061 From: s771061@segi.ulg.ac.be ("Lecocq") Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: A.L.F Upgrade (optical/chemical/software) Date: 9 Dec 1996 08:41:51 -0800 Organization: BIOSCI International Newsgroups for Molecular Biology Lines: 19 Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: world Message-ID: <199612091641.RAA40632@aix4.segi.ulg.ac.be> NNTP-Posting-Host: net.bio.net To A.L.F. User's (but not only...) We are currently working on both chemistry and optical (detection) systems of A.L.F. (Pharmacia Biotech) apparatus in order to improve their sequencing capacities (multidiode detection system with full gel imaging; increase of sample to 18; increase of length readability up to 1000 bases as standard,...)We will be very happy if ALF (not ALF Express for rigth now) users could tell us if they would be interested ? (think : would you upgrade your system (without any change to the original beam source : argon laser) and for what price ?). Also upgrade would include a new software tools based on win95 operating system. Also did anybody know about "in house" synthesis of dye labelled dideoxynucleotides ? Pierre Lecocq DNA Seq. Unit / Network Resp Lab. Prof. J.A Martial Univ. of Liège Belgium bât. B6 CHIMIE Allée du 6 août Phone 32 4 3663310 Fax 32 4 3662968 From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Wed Dec 11 22:00:00 1996 Message-ID: <32AF16E1.356B@dmi.net> Date: Wed, 11 Dec 1996 12:17:37 -0800 From: bds Reply-To: bds@dmi.net X-Mailer: Mozilla 3.0 (Win95; I) MIME-Version: 1.0 Subject: About Money Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Lines: 103 Newsgroups: bionet.genome.arabidopsis,bionet.genome.chromosomes,bionet.glycosci,bionet.immunology,bionet.info-theory Path: biosci!rutgers!uwm.edu!news-peer.gsl.net!news.gsl.net!howland.erols.net!news.bbnplanet.com!cam-news-hub1.bbnplanet.com!uunet!in3.uu.net!206.63.63.70!nwnews.wa.com!nwfocus.wa.com!camco!poweramp!news.dsource.com!205.138.220.225!206.153.247.59 Xref: biosci bionet.genome.arabidopsis:5326 bionet.genome.chromosomes:1456 bionet.glycosci:897 bionet.immunology:10451 bionet.info-theory:4433 ****************************************************************************** This is the $1.00 concept explained without the hype and silly numbers! Read the following carefully and you could be joining the many thousands of Internet users who are currently earning quite large sums of money with a few hours work using their computers via the Internet! ****************************************************************************** This posting has been appearing for quite some time and has now literally got thousands of people actively involved. No doubt like me, you may have seen it before and become a little confused by the way it’s been explained. However, I personally have never believed in a so called “Free Lunch” and have always worked hard to support my family. But this idea is so simple involving a modest $5.00 investment that I simply had to try it. With so many people involved I became convinced that I too could benefit. And, as I found out, this system really does work! After about two weeks in, I’m beginning to get a reasonable and realistic return with a further understanding of just how big this concept really is. Money is coming in from all over the world! If you’re interested there are three basic steps, all of which are pretty simple. THE FIRST STEP (1). Take five sheets of paper. Write your name and address on each piece along with the words: “Please place me on your mailing list”. Take each piece of paper, put them in an envelope along with a one dollar bill inside and mail them to the five names listed below. *NOTE: By asking to be placed on each person’s mailing list you are in fact paying for a service that consists of using the Internet to advertise a business dealing with assembling a mailing list of people who are interested in working from home using their computers to generate an income. Mail to: 1. L.M. King 2639 47th Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94116 2. F. Galvez 1633 Amberwood Drive, Apt. 29, South Pasadena, CA 91030 3. M. Palmer Gilfach Goch, Blaenpenal, Aberystwyth, SY23 4TN United Kingdom 4. T. Toole Box 1138, Valemount B.C. Canada, VOE-2ZO 5. M.N. 6003 Sundown Drive, Coeur d’ Alene, ID 83814 When you have mailed your message and one dollar bill (please don’t send checks or money orders) to the above people go to: SECOND STEP (2). Remove the top name and address from the above list and insert your own in the number 5 position. This can be done simply by amending the address section with no other alterations and posting as described later, or you can retype the whole document adding information you feel may be important. HERE IS WHY THE SYSTEM IS SO SUCCESSFUL!!! As you probably are aware, the Internet is growing daily at a phenomenal rate, doubling every year. With literally millions and millions of people surfing the Net there is the potential for tremendous exposure. With nearly 20,000 Newsgroups to post to and hundreds of thousands of people dialing in to them every day, if done correctly this program can’t help but be successful. THIRD STEP (3). Post this message with your name in the number 5 slot to at least 250 newsgroups. In theory you will earn $5.00 for every 200 postings with your name at #5. Not a large sum...but wait. Each person that sent you a one dollar bill now also makes 250 postings with your name at #4. That equals about $50.00 to you. Then your 50 new agents each post to 250 newsgroups with you at #3. That’s 12,500 postings which generates about $500.00 to you. These next 500 agents make 125,000 postings with you at #2 which earns about $10,000. Finally about 5,000 agents again make postings to 250 newsgroups which would equate out to approximately $50,000 before your name drops off the list! This sounds like pie in the sky, but the numbers add up, and with over 40 million people on the Internet...it works! ****TIP*** For a better return post to more than 250 newsgroups initially. When your name drops off a list simply access another message from a newsgroup and start the process over again. GENERAL STEPS ON AUTOMATING THE PROCESS: Make any necessary changes to this article as explained in step (2) and when you’re done save it to your word processor. Then click on Copy. Next, locate the newsgroups you intend to post to (Netscape 3.0 is terrific for this because you can highlight dozens of newsgroups all at once, enabling you to distribute your message to 1,000s of locations in less than an hour or two). Highlight all the newsgroups you want to post to, which is done by holding down CTRL while clicking your left mouse button. This way you can select multiple newsgroups in one go. Then after highlighting the newsgroups, click on “To News”. Place a sensible title in the “Subject” location, click on the text section, go to the Edit menu and click “paste” Click on send...and that’s it. Repeat the process over and over again be selecting further newsgroups in multiples of 10s, but try to be selective with the groups by posting to high volume locations, and don’t choose a subject that appears too flashy, as this will only put people off. This is an honest and legitimate way of making a reasonable amount of money on a regular basis, but only if your message is clearly understood by others. *NOTE: This system is based on everyone being honest. It’s all too tempting not to send out the initial $5.00, but if you don’t, you won’t be successful. THIS SYSTEM REALLY WORKS! Give it a try...you won’t be disappointed. From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Thu Dec 12 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!rutgers!uwm.edu!news-peer.gsl.net!news.gsl.net!howland.erols.net!news3.cac.psu.edu!news.math.psu.edu!feeder.chicago.cic.net!news-w.ans.net!newsfeeds.ans.net!news.lava.net!news.Hawaii.Edu!munnari.OZ.AU!news.mel.connect.com.au!news.ade.connect.com.au!news.adelaide.on.net!usenet From: goble@kigateway.eastend.com.au (David Goble) Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: Re: Question on X chromosome Date: Fri, 13 Dec 1996 08:01:39 GMT Organization: Ecology Research Centre Lines: 23 Message-ID: <58quum$2r4@duster.adelaide.on.net> Reply-To: goble@kigateway.eastend.com.au NNTP-Posting-Host: kippp3.eastend.com.au X-Newsreader: Forte Free Agent 1.0.82 > >How would you account for sex-linked traits unless regions of both X >chromosomes were active? > >Ron > Hi Ron, Any close search of the genetic literature will establish there is a in-active transmission from the X gene in women, described as mutations of the ofspring. To illustrate further there is a number of genetic linked deformatites in children that are directly from in-active X chromesomes from both male and females. However scientific investigation has only indicated hypothesis at present. Thanks from : Dr Brian Goble PhD goble@kigateway.eastend.com.au http://www.eastend.com.au/~goble American Beach Kangaroo Island South Australia From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Fri Dec 13 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!rutgers!uwm.edu!www.nntp.primenet.com!nntp.primenet.com!ix.netcom.com!news From: moelee@ix.netcom.com(David Lee) Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: Karlene's Question Date: 14 Dec 1996 05:53:23 GMT Organization: Netcom Lines: 7 Message-ID: <58tfcj$krg@dfw-ixnews7.ix.netcom.com> NNTP-Posting-Host: hay-ca1-12.ix.netcom.com X-NETCOM-Date: Fri Dec 13 11:53:23 PM CST 1996 I am seeking information as to the possible cause/condition of my 3-year old niece. She has vaginal atresia, a protruding urethra and has experienced constipation since infancy. It has been suggested that a chromosome study should be done. Does anyone have any information that might be helpful? Karlene From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Sat Dec 14 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!ihnp4.ucsd.edu!munnari.OZ.AU!news.ecn.uoknor.edu!feed1.news.erols.com!howland.erols.net!cs.utexas.edu!news.unt.edu!news From: Chris Fields Newsgroups: bionet.genome.arabidopsis,bionet.genome.chromosomes,bionet.glycosci,bionet.immunology,bionet.info-theory Subject: Re: About Money Date: Sun, 15 Dec 1996 02:45:07 +0000 Organization: University of North Texas Lines: 34 Message-ID: <32B36633.494C@gab.unt.edu> References: <32AF16E1.356B@dmi.net> Reply-To: cfields@gab.unt.edu NNTP-Posting-Host: den1-2-6.dialup.unt.edu Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Mailer: Mozilla 3.0Gold (Win95; I) To: bds@dmi.net Xref: biosci bionet.genome.arabidopsis:5336 bionet.genome.chromosomes:1461 bionet.glycosci:900 bionet.immunology:10473 bionet.info-theory:4437 bds wrote: ****************************************************************************** > This is the $1.00 concept explained without the hype and silly numbers! > Read the following carefully and you could be joining the many thousands > of Internet users who are currently earning quite large sums of money > with a few hours work using their computers via the Internet! > ****************************************************************************** I hope you realize that what you are doing constitutes a "pyramid scheme" and is highly illegal (even on the Internet). And I here that guys like you "spammers" are being highly sought after by the FBI for this very reason (or are you smart enough to watch CNN). Why do guys like you try for an easy buck? Quit spamming the network and obey the rules of the newsgroups, asshole. P.S. If I get flamed, I'll get my fellows here on the newsgroup and in lab to respond likewise. Just take your crap elsewere, like to the gaming groups. -- C. J. Fields Graduate Student, Dept. of Biological Sciences The University of North Texas Denton, TX email : cfields@gab.unt.edu ____________________________________________________________________________________ "Giving money and power to government is like giving whiskey and car keys to teenage boys" -P. J. O'Rourke "Join the military. Travel to exotic places, meet exciting people, then kill them" -Anonymous From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Mon Dec 16 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!cgi.nsk.su!kuznecov From: kuznecov@cgi.nsk.su (Kuznecov S.B.) Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: Where I can get the mapping information? Date: 16 Dec 1996 22:33:28 -0800 Organization: Institute of Cytology & Genetics Lines: 11 Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: world Message-ID: NNTP-Posting-Host: net.bio.net If somebody knows, please send me the Web addresses of sites where I can get the most updated information about the number of genes and genetic markers mapped in the mammalian spicies (the best variant: the names of animals and the number of markers mapped in each of them by 1996). My e-mail address: kuznecov@cgi.nsk.su Yours sincerely, Denis M. Larkin Institute of Cytology and Genetics Novosibirsk 630090 Russia From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Mon Dec 16 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!daresbury!nntp-trd.UNINETT.no!nntp.uio.no!www.nntp.primenet.com!nntp.primenet.com!howland.erols.net!news3.cac.psu.edu!news.cse.psu.edu!news.cc.swarthmore.edu!news.haverford.edu!news From: clevow@haverford.edu (Carrie Levow) Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: genetics and homosexuality Date: Tue, 17 Dec 1996 23:23:24 GMT Organization: Bryn Mawr and Haverford College NetNews Lines: 23 Message-ID: <32b72b56.12972406@news.haverford.edu> Reply-To: clevow@haverford.edu NNTP-Posting-Host: 165.82.96.43 X-Newsreader: Forte Free Agent 1.1/16.230 Hey all- I am writing a paper for a class- Human Genetics, Ethics, and Public Policy. I am writing about homosxuality and genetics. Specifically, what would happen if a gene or genes, or some other biological reason were found as a cause of homosexuality. I am looking for opinions on the subject- if you have any, email me or post! A little bio- it is likely that homosexuality is about 50% nature and 50% nurture. So I am not saying that a gene that absolutley 100% causes homosexuality is going to be found. But this issue can be addressed too. If you respond, please give me some background info about yourself, if you are comfortable doing so. -Age, sexual orientation, gender, name. And please tell me if you don't wan't me to quote you in my paper- it's not going to be published or anything. It's just a little research paper for school. Thanks a lot! -Carrie clevow@haverford.edu From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Tue Dec 17 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!daresbury!nntp-trd.UNINETT.no!nntp.uio.no!www.nntp.primenet.com!nntp.primenet.com!arclight.uoregon.edu!netnews.nwnet.net!news-hub.interserv.net!news.sprynet.com!news From: "David R. Marlborough" Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: Re: genetics and homosexuality Date: Wed, 18 Dec 1996 13:53:48 -0500 Organization: Sprynet News Service Lines: 51 Message-ID: <32B83DBC.77EA@sprynet.com> References: <32b72b56.12972406@news.haverford.edu> NNTP-Posting-Host: dd67-074.compuserve.com Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Mailer: Mozilla 2.01 (Win95; I) Carrie Levow wrote: > > > A little bio- it is likely that homosexuality is about 50% nature and > 50% nurture. So I am not saying that a gene that absolutley 100% > causes homosexuality is going to be found. But this issue can be > addressed too. > > I remember hearing about the actual anatomical differences that exist in homosexuals compared to heterosexuals (in both sexes). Apparently, in both females and males of heterosexuals their exists differences in the size of the pituitary and hypothalmus "complex" if you will (because they are closely associated anatomically in the brain region. Well it was found that men had a larger complex (larger hypothalmus and pituitary) than women, leading into another theory involving rate of male hormone production and size of the gland. What is astonishing to me is what was found when similar observations were made in homosexual persons of both sexes. It seems that the normal size difference in heterosexuals was reversed. In the case of the gay male, it was found that the size of the complex was smaller than that for a heterosexual male and, in some extreme cases, was very close to the size of the female complex. This was also seen for a homosexual female where larger complexes were found when compared to heterosexual females. Also, in some extreme cases, it was found that the size of the complex in lesbian women was nearly equivalent to that in heterosexual males. Now taking all of these facts in, one could lead to very remarkable conclusions. First, in development all organs and tissues of our bodies develope due to controlled gene expression and cell to cell inhibition. Therefore, in a particular situation where development of a particular gland should be inhibited due to gender, and indeed it is allowed to develope fully (uninhibited), then it can be assumed that the cause of this is due in part to a malfunction in the particular gene. However, it can also be assumed that in addition to the set of genes that are present to control the "complex" development in both sexes there exists a gene inherited that can act to either render the recipient "blind" (damaging the receptor) to proper signalling concerning development of can simply terminate the signal (prevent the ligand product from being produced) all together! So in order to respond to your statement of "50% nature/50% nurture," in light of these findings, I find that that argument doesn't seem to tread water very well. "Dave" Biology Major American History Minor Attending college in New England Male Heterosexual 21 Years of age. From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Fri Dec 20 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!fcs280s.ncifcrf.gov!cpk-news-feed1.bbnplanet.com!news.bbnplanet.com!cpk-news-hub1.bbnplanet.com!news.mindspring.com!usenet From: John Carroll Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: Crossing Over Question Date: Fri, 20 Dec 1996 19:28:23 -0800 Organization: MindSpring Enterprises Lines: 29 Message-ID: <32BB5957.16AB@mindspring.com> NNTP-Posting-Host: ip166.herndon2.va.pub-ip.psi.net Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Server-Date: 21 Dec 1996 00:25:52 GMT X-Mailer: Mozilla 2.0 (Win16; I) After checking assorted books on biology and biochemistry about how crossing over takes place during meiosis, I find myself still confused on a couple of points that an expert could undoubtedly clear up without breaking a sweat. Here are the points of confusion: 1. In the diagrams of crossing over that I've seen, one segment of DNA on the paternal chromosome is traded for its counterpart on the maternal chromosome. I assume that this actually takes place at many points along the chromosomes, rather than just the one shown in diagrams, but I haven't seen any text to confirm that suspicion or any diagrams showing multiple crossovers. Does crossing over actually occur at many separate places on the chromosome? If so, roughly how many segments are likely, on average,to be exchanged per chromosome? And roughly how big are such segments, on average? 2. When DNA molecules are cut during the crossing over process, are they cut only on linker strands (my guess) or only on DNA attached to nucleosomes, or on both kinds of locations? The world's fate doesn't hang on answers to these questions, as you may have guessed, but they're driving me nuts. All responses appreciated. Thanks in advance. John Carroll pp001356@mindspring.com From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Fri Dec 20 22:00:00 1996 From: goble@kigateway.eastend.com.au (David Goble) Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: RE: Karlene's Question Date: Wed, 18 Dec 1996 06:47:01 GMT Organization: Ecology Research Centre Reply-To: goble@kigateway.eastend.com.au X-Newsreader: Forte Free Agent 1.0.82 NNTP-Posting-Host: kippp4.eastend.com.au Message-ID: <32b7851a.0@duster.adelaide.on.net> Lines: 25 Path: biosci!CS.Arizona.EDU!news.Arizona.EDU!hamblin.math.byu.edu!sol.ctr.columbia.edu!news.msfc.nasa.gov!news.sgi.com!news.sprintlink.net!news-peer.sprintlink.net!uunet!in3.uu.net!143.216.242.5!news.sa.gov.au!duster.adelaide.on.net!kippp4.eastend.com.au >I am seeking information as to the possible cause/condition of my >3-year old niece. She has vaginal atresia, a protruding urethra and >has experienced constipation since infancy. It has been suggested that >a chromosome study should be done. Does anyone have any information >that might be helpful? > Hi Karlene; A simple gene blot screening test will indicate any gene faults in the set of any chromosomes. Any major laboratory or general major hospital can arrange or carry out this test. Such a test in Austrlia will take a number of weeks to get the full results, and our cost is between $A100 to $A150 for this test. Regards, Thanks from : Dr Brian Goble PhD goble@kigateway.eastend.com.au http://www.eastend.com.au/~goble American Beach Kangaroo Island South Australia From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Sat Dec 21 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!rutgers!news.sgi.com!news-out.microserve.net!news-in.microserve.net!news-xfer.netaxs.com!feed1.news.erols.com!howland.erols.net!news-peer.gsl.net!news.gsl.net!news-penn.gsl.net!news.gsl.net!duke.telepac.pt!news.telepac.pt!usenet From: Raquel Fialho Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: Re: Crossing Over Question Date: 22 Dec 1996 21:42:16 GMT Lines: 31 Message-ID: <59k9vo$6nd@duke.telepac.pt> NNTP-Posting-Host: ah2_p3.telepac.pt John Carroll escreveu: > After checking assorted books on biology and biochemistry about > how crossing over takes place during meiosis, I find myself still > confused on a couple of points that an expert could undoubtedly > clear up without breaking a sweat. Here are the points of confusion: > > 1. In the diagrams of crossing over that I've seen, one segment > of DNA on the paternal chromosome is traded for its > counterpart on the maternal chromosome. I assume that > this actually takes place at many points along the > chromosomes, rather than just the one shown in diagrams, > but I haven't seen any text to confirm that suspicion or > any diagrams showing multiple crossovers. Does crossing > over actually occur at many separate places on the > chromosome? If so, roughly how many segments are likely, > on average,to be exchanged per chromosome? And roughly how > big are such segments, on average? > > 2. When DNA molecules are cut during the crossing over process, > are they cut only on linker strands (my guess) or only on > DNA attached to nucleosomes, or on both kinds of locations? > > The world's fate doesn't hang on answers to these questions, as you > may have guessed, but they're driving me nuts. All responses > appreciated. Thanks in advance. > > > John Carroll > pp001356@mindspring.com > From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Sun Dec 22 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!CS.Arizona.EDU!news.Arizona.EDU!hamblin.math.byu.edu!sol.ctr.columbia.edu!news.msfc.nasa.gov!www.nntp.primenet.com!nntp.primenet.com!howland.erols.net!feed1.news.erols.com!news.dra.com!news.good.net!news.good.net!news.goodnet.com!phx-ts2-13.goodnet.com!user From: mthompson@asu.edu (MThompson) Newsgroups: bionet.cellbiol,bionet.general,bionet.microbiology,bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: DNA extinction coefficient Date: 22 Dec 1996 02:05:16 GMT Organization: Arizona State University Lines: 6 Message-ID: NNTP-Posting-Host: phx-ts2-13.goodnet.com Xref: biosci bionet.cellbiol:6263 bionet.general:24617 bionet.microbiology:8209 bionet.genome.chromosomes:1471 What is the extinction coefficient for: dGdC dAdT and polyG-poly C (annealed) I understand the ext coefficient for GC is roughly 6600. Is this per 10-mer, per base pair or per base? Thanks. From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Tue Dec 24 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!rutgers!gatech!swrinde!news-peer.gsl.net!news.gsl.net!uwm.edu!lll-winken.llnl.gov!fnnews.fnal.gov!nntp-server.caltech.edu!news From: "Dr. Ung-Jin Kim" Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: Caltech Genome Lab hires staffs Date: Tue, 24 Dec 1996 18:38:58 -0800 Organization: CalTech Lines: 49 Message-ID: <32C093C2.722@caltech.edu> NNTP-Posting-Host: date.tree.caltech.edu Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Mailer: Mozilla 2.0 (X11; I; SunOS 5.5 sun4u) Job 1: We are looking for a few lab assistants Caltech Genome Research Laboratory is looking for qualified full time technicians with experiences in laboratory works involving recombinant DNA procedures. Works will require skills in colony hybridization, PCR screening of genomic libraries, DNA preparation, restriction fingerprint analysis, and more. Positions are open immediately. A college degree in Biological sciences or other sciences required. Interested parties should send CV and salary requirement to Dr. Ung-Jin Kim Electronic submissions are welcome. Job 2: We are looking for a bioinformatician Caltech Genome Research Laboratory is looking for a full time informatician to manage and analyze laboratory data, and help operate robotic workstations. Knowledge and experieince in handling biological information, especially in the analysis and management of physcal mapping and DNA sequence data is essential. Familiarity with ACeDB database is critical. We also expect the person to be familiar with Unix platforms as well as PC/MacIntosh. Interested parties should send CV and salary history to Dr. Kim. Electronic submissions are welcome. Caltech provides employees with excellent work environment and benefit packages. We will notify the applicants if an interview is necessary soon after reviewing their applications. Please see our WEB page http://www.tree.caltech.edu for information on our projects. *************************************************************** * * * Ung-Jin Kim, Ph.D. * * Director, Genome Research Laboratory * * Division of Biology, 147-75, Caltech, Pasadena, CA 91125 * * (818)395-4901 (office) (818)395-4154 (laboratory) * * (818)796-7066 (fax) (818)548-7555 (home) * * ung@caltech.edu http://date.tree.caltech.edu * * * *************************************************************** From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Thu Dec 26 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!lhc.nlm.nih.gov!biosci!internet!biosci!not-for-mail From: biohelp (BIOSCI Administrator) Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: BIOSCI/bionet miniFAQ & Fundraiser Date: 27 Dec 1996 02:01:55 -0800 Organization: BIOSCI International Newsgroups for Molecular Biology Lines: 239 Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: world Message-ID: <199612271000.CAA26454@net.bio.net> NNTP-Posting-Host: net.bio.net (LAST REVISION: 30-JUL-95) This BIOSCI "miniFAQ" is designed to answer the questions that come up the *most frequently*. The main BIOSCI FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions) is accessible on the World Wide Web at URL http://www.bio.net/. If you can not find an answer to your question in this or other documentation, the BIOSCI technical support staff answers e-mail queries sent to biosci-help@net.bio.net We can only answer questions about the use of the newsgroups and mailing lists. We unfortunately do not have the staff to do Internet information searches or answer scientific questions. Please post those to the appropriate BIOSCI/bionet newsgroups. Contents: -------- 0) BIOSCI NEEDS YOUR SUPPORT!! 1) Using the WWW to access the BIOSCI/bionet newsgroups. 2) What to do about "spams," i.e., junk mail, ads, etc. 3) Examples of subscribing and unsubscribing to the mailing lists. 4) The BIOSCI user address and research interest directory. 0) BIOSCI NEEDS YOUR SUPPORT!! ------------------------------ BIOSCI's government funding has been expended, and we are now operating solely from advertising revenue that we have raised from our Web site at http://www.bio.net/. We need just a few minutes of your time to help us serve you. You can do two important things which will take very little time for you individually and will immensely help us continue to help you. First, please use our WWW system at http://www.bio.net/ to access the archives. You can post or reply to messages via your Web browser as described in item #1 below. Your usage helps attract sponsors. If you contact any of our sponsors, please be sure to thank them for supporting BIOSCI. It is critical for them to get this feedback if they are to continue their sponsorship for the long term. Second, if you work for a company or organization that provides products or services of interest to the biology community, please pass this message on to your marketing or marketing communications department or other appropriate group. Please ask them to help support BIOSCI by sponsoring our Web site and explain the uses and benefits of the system to the biology community. If they are interested, they can then contact us for further information at our tech support address, biosci-help@net.bio.net. 1) Using the WWW to access the BIOSCI/bionet newsgroups. -------------------------------------------------------- As of 10 December 1995, all BIOSCI/bionet full newsgroups are accessible through the World Wide Web (WWW) at URL http://www.bio.net. One can read and reply publicly or privately to both recent postings and archived messages through one's Web browser if it is configured properly to send e-mail. Each newsgroup is equipped with its own WAIS index. The main BIOSCI home page also has access to the BIO-JOURNALS Table of Contents database WAIS index and the BIOSCI user address database described in another item further below. 2) What to do about "spams," i.e., junk mail, ads, etc. ------------------------------------------------------- BIOSCI is a set of parallel USENET newsgroups (the "bionet" groups), mailing lists, and a hypermail archive at URL http://www.bio.net/. The same postings are distributed on all media (except for a small number of mailing-list-only groups at net.bio.net). Unfortunately it is becoming a despicable practice on the Internet (by a few people out to make a fast buck) to do automated mass postings to thousands of newsgroups and mailing lists. These attempts to grab free advertising are refered to as "spams" in the usual, somewhat boneheaded, net terminology. USENET is more susceptible to this practice, and many spams originate on the USENET groups and then are passed on to the mailing lists. However, spammers also get lists of mailing addresses and hit these too, so neither medium is immune. What should you do personally if you get junk mail? --------------------------------------------------- Just delete it and move on without reading it further. Filing a protest is becoming increasingly useless because spammers are often disguising the addresses where the messages are sent from. Unless you really understand Internet mail systems, your attempt at protest by sending replies to the message will often end up being sent to the address of an innocent person that the spammer is victimizing. What can BIOSCI/bionet do to protect its newsgroups? ---------------------------------------------------- The only solution currently available is to moderate the newsgroup. If this newsgroup is already moderated, then you are in good shape. Moderation protects the USENET distribution from about 95% of the spams that are being sent to date and protects the mailing lists completely. Moderation means, however, that someone has to take the time to review each message before it goes out. We have set up software here that simply allows the moderator to forward to an address at net.bio.net messages that (s)he wishes to have distributed. This takes no more time than that needed to read the message and pass it on, say about 1 min. per message. Most newsgroups currently have a discussion leader who is responsible for their newsgroup. The discussions leaders and their e-mail addresses are listed in the BIOSCI Information Sheet which is available on the Web at http://www.bio.net/. If a newsgroup is being hit with too many junk postings, please contact the discussion leader for that group and see if there is interest in moderating the group. Please do not assume that by simply posting a complaint to the newsgroup itself, anyone on the BIOSCI staff will act on your complaint. With close to 100 newsgroups to run, the BIOSCI staff has to rely on the discussion leaders of each newsgroup to report problems directly to us at biosci-help@net.bio.net. We will moderate any of our newsgroups if the discussion leader tells us that the readership of the group wishes to do so and if a moderator is willing to do the work. For most BIOSCI/bionet groups, this entails only a few minutes of work each day. Moderating a newsgroup will resolve probably 95% of the junk postings on the USENET distribution. Unfortunately there are easy ways for determined spammers to override the moderation mechanism on USENET, but we can protect our e-mail subscribers from unwanted postings if the newsgroup is moderated. You can also access our newsgroups over the WWW at URL http://www.bio.net. While this Web interface will not stop spammers from trying to post to the groups, this will give you yet another way, besides using USENET news, to keep the junk out of your personal mail files. For those of you with local USENET news systems, the Web interface will also give you faster access to new newsgroups and recent postings. 3) Examples of subscribing and unsubscribing to the mailing lists. ------------------------------------------------------------------ PLEASE NOTE: The BIOSCI management does NOT act on subscription/unsubscription requests that are posted improperly to the newsgroups and mailing lists. People who do this only bother everyone on the lists to no avail. Please be sure to follow the proper procedures below. Gory details are in the BIOSCI Information sheets on the Web at http://www.bio.net. Below we give an example utilizing the METHODS-AND-REAGENTS list at both of our two BIOSCI sites: Users in the Americas and Pacific Rim countries who use the BIOSCI ------------------------------------------------------------------ node at computer net.bio.net: ---------------------------- A) Determine the "listname" which is the <=8 character mail address ^^^^^^^^^^^^^ for the group. These can be found in the BIOSCI Info. Sheet. For the METHODS-AND-REAGENTS group the mailing address is methods@net.bio.net. The listname is the portion of the address to the left of the @ sign, i.e., "methods". The listname is used with the "subscribe" and "unsubscribe" commands illustrated below. B) Mail all commands in the body of a mail message addressed to biosci-server@net.bio.net. Do NOT send commands to the newsgroup posting addresses! Leave the Subject: line blank, any text on it will be ignored. C) In the body of your message put one or more of the following commands with an "end" command on the last line, e.g., subscribe methods unsubscribe methods end Do NOT put your e-mail address or other text on these lines. The server only allows you to cancel your subscription if the address on your mail header matches the address on our mailing list. Please ask for help at biosci-help@net.bio.net if your address has changed, e.g., if you know you are on the list but the server tells you that you are not a member. Users in Europe, Africa, and Central Asia who use the BIOSCI node at -------------------------------------------------------------------- computer daresbury.ac.uk (also known as dl.ac.uk): ------------------------------------------------- To subscribe and unsubscribe to/from the BIOSCI lists, you need to specify the full USENET newsgroup name with "bionet-news." prepended. The USENET newsgroup names are listed in the BIOSCI Information sheet on the Web at http://www.bio.net/. For the METHODS-AND-REAGENTS list the USENET newsgroup name is bionet.molbio.methds-reagnts, thus the appropriate commands are sub bionet-news.bionet.molbio.methds-reagnts unsub bionet-news.bionet.molbio.methds-reagnts These commands are included in a message addressed to mxt@dl.ac.uk, NOT to the newsgroup mailing addresses. As usual, include the text in the body of the message as text on the Subject: line is ignored. To unsubscribe from all the lists at the UK node, use unsub bionet-news Please note that if the address in the list is different than the one in your mail message header, you will not be able to unsubscribe by this method. If you have problems, please mail biosci@daresbury.ac.uk. 4) The BIOSCI user address and research interest directory. ----------------------------------------------------------- Please take this opportunity to add your name, address, and research interest information to the BIOSCI User Address Database if you have not already done so. You can fill out the address form directly through our Web page at URL http://www.bio.net/adrform.html. The address database is reindexed nightly for WWW access (the URL is http://www.bio.net/). If you are not directly on the Internet but can reach it by e-mail, please use our waismail server to access the user directory. waismail use is described above. You can also request a user address form by e-mail from biosci-help@net.bio.net. Please check your database entry from time-to-time to see if your address information is still up-to-date. Because of our limited personnel resources, we ask that you resubmit a *complete* form to revise your entry; we only replace complete entries and do not have resources to edit old forms. Sincerely, Dave Kristofferson BIOSCI/bionet Manager biosci-help@net.bio.net From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Thu Dec 26 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!ihnp4.ucsd.edu!biosci!internet!biosci!not-for-mail From: biohelp (BIOSCI Administrator) Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: BIOSCI/bionet miniFAQ & Fundraiser Date: 27 Dec 1996 02:01:55 -0800 Organization: BIOSCI International Newsgroups for Molecular Biology Lines: 239 Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: world Message-ID: <199612271000.CAA26454@net.bio.net> NNTP-Posting-Host: net.bio.net (LAST REVISION: 30-JUL-95) This BIOSCI "miniFAQ" is designed to answer the questions that come up the *most frequently*. The main BIOSCI FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions) is accessible on the World Wide Web at URL http://www.bio.net/. If you can not find an answer to your question in this or other documentation, the BIOSCI technical support staff answers e-mail queries sent to biosci-help@net.bio.net We can only answer questions about the use of the newsgroups and mailing lists. We unfortunately do not have the staff to do Internet information searches or answer scientific questions. Please post those to the appropriate BIOSCI/bionet newsgroups. Contents: -------- 0) BIOSCI NEEDS YOUR SUPPORT!! 1) Using the WWW to access the BIOSCI/bionet newsgroups. 2) What to do about "spams," i.e., junk mail, ads, etc. 3) Examples of subscribing and unsubscribing to the mailing lists. 4) The BIOSCI user address and research interest directory. 0) BIOSCI NEEDS YOUR SUPPORT!! ------------------------------ BIOSCI's government funding has been expended, and we are now operating solely from advertising revenue that we have raised from our Web site at http://www.bio.net/. We need just a few minutes of your time to help us serve you. You can do two important things which will take very little time for you individually and will immensely help us continue to help you. First, please use our WWW system at http://www.bio.net/ to access the archives. You can post or reply to messages via your Web browser as described in item #1 below. Your usage helps attract sponsors. If you contact any of our sponsors, please be sure to thank them for supporting BIOSCI. It is critical for them to get this feedback if they are to continue their sponsorship for the long term. Second, if you work for a company or organization that provides products or services of interest to the biology community, please pass this message on to your marketing or marketing communications department or other appropriate group. Please ask them to help support BIOSCI by sponsoring our Web site and explain the uses and benefits of the system to the biology community. If they are interested, they can then contact us for further information at our tech support address, biosci-help@net.bio.net. 1) Using the WWW to access the BIOSCI/bionet newsgroups. -------------------------------------------------------- As of 10 December 1995, all BIOSCI/bionet full newsgroups are accessible through the World Wide Web (WWW) at URL http://www.bio.net. One can read and reply publicly or privately to both recent postings and archived messages through one's Web browser if it is configured properly to send e-mail. Each newsgroup is equipped with its own WAIS index. The main BIOSCI home page also has access to the BIO-JOURNALS Table of Contents database WAIS index and the BIOSCI user address database described in another item further below. 2) What to do about "spams," i.e., junk mail, ads, etc. ------------------------------------------------------- BIOSCI is a set of parallel USENET newsgroups (the "bionet" groups), mailing lists, and a hypermail archive at URL http://www.bio.net/. The same postings are distributed on all media (except for a small number of mailing-list-only groups at net.bio.net). Unfortunately it is becoming a despicable practice on the Internet (by a few people out to make a fast buck) to do automated mass postings to thousands of newsgroups and mailing lists. These attempts to grab free advertising are refered to as "spams" in the usual, somewhat boneheaded, net terminology. USENET is more susceptible to this practice, and many spams originate on the USENET groups and then are passed on to the mailing lists. However, spammers also get lists of mailing addresses and hit these too, so neither medium is immune. What should you do personally if you get junk mail? --------------------------------------------------- Just delete it and move on without reading it further. Filing a protest is becoming increasingly useless because spammers are often disguising the addresses where the messages are sent from. Unless you really understand Internet mail systems, your attempt at protest by sending replies to the message will often end up being sent to the address of an innocent person that the spammer is victimizing. What can BIOSCI/bionet do to protect its newsgroups? ---------------------------------------------------- The only solution currently available is to moderate the newsgroup. If this newsgroup is already moderated, then you are in good shape. Moderation protects the USENET distribution from about 95% of the spams that are being sent to date and protects the mailing lists completely. Moderation means, however, that someone has to take the time to review each message before it goes out. We have set up software here that simply allows the moderator to forward to an address at net.bio.net messages that (s)he wishes to have distributed. This takes no more time than that needed to read the message and pass it on, say about 1 min. per message. Most newsgroups currently have a discussion leader who is responsible for their newsgroup. The discussions leaders and their e-mail addresses are listed in the BIOSCI Information Sheet which is available on the Web at http://www.bio.net/. If a newsgroup is being hit with too many junk postings, please contact the discussion leader for that group and see if there is interest in moderating the group. Please do not assume that by simply posting a complaint to the newsgroup itself, anyone on the BIOSCI staff will act on your complaint. With close to 100 newsgroups to run, the BIOSCI staff has to rely on the discussion leaders of each newsgroup to report problems directly to us at biosci-help@net.bio.net. We will moderate any of our newsgroups if the discussion leader tells us that the readership of the group wishes to do so and if a moderator is willing to do the work. For most BIOSCI/bionet groups, this entails only a few minutes of work each day. Moderating a newsgroup will resolve probably 95% of the junk postings on the USENET distribution. Unfortunately there are easy ways for determined spammers to override the moderation mechanism on USENET, but we can protect our e-mail subscribers from unwanted postings if the newsgroup is moderated. You can also access our newsgroups over the WWW at URL http://www.bio.net. While this Web interface will not stop spammers from trying to post to the groups, this will give you yet another way, besides using USENET news, to keep the junk out of your personal mail files. For those of you with local USENET news systems, the Web interface will also give you faster access to new newsgroups and recent postings. 3) Examples of subscribing and unsubscribing to the mailing lists. ------------------------------------------------------------------ PLEASE NOTE: The BIOSCI management does NOT act on subscription/unsubscription requests that are posted improperly to the newsgroups and mailing lists. People who do this only bother everyone on the lists to no avail. Please be sure to follow the proper procedures below. Gory details are in the BIOSCI Information sheets on the Web at http://www.bio.net. Below we give an example utilizing the METHODS-AND-REAGENTS list at both of our two BIOSCI sites: Users in the Americas and Pacific Rim countries who use the BIOSCI ------------------------------------------------------------------ node at computer net.bio.net: ---------------------------- A) Determine the "listname" which is the <=8 character mail address ^^^^^^^^^^^^^ for the group. These can be found in the BIOSCI Info. Sheet. For the METHODS-AND-REAGENTS group the mailing address is methods@net.bio.net. The listname is the portion of the address to the left of the @ sign, i.e., "methods". The listname is used with the "subscribe" and "unsubscribe" commands illustrated below. B) Mail all commands in the body of a mail message addressed to biosci-server@net.bio.net. Do NOT send commands to the newsgroup posting addresses! Leave the Subject: line blank, any text on it will be ignored. C) In the body of your message put one or more of the following commands with an "end" command on the last line, e.g., subscribe methods unsubscribe methods end Do NOT put your e-mail address or other text on these lines. The server only allows you to cancel your subscription if the address on your mail header matches the address on our mailing list. Please ask for help at biosci-help@net.bio.net if your address has changed, e.g., if you know you are on the list but the server tells you that you are not a member. Users in Europe, Africa, and Central Asia who use the BIOSCI node at -------------------------------------------------------------------- computer daresbury.ac.uk (also known as dl.ac.uk): ------------------------------------------------- To subscribe and unsubscribe to/from the BIOSCI lists, you need to specify the full USENET newsgroup name with "bionet-news." prepended. The USENET newsgroup names are listed in the BIOSCI Information sheet on the Web at http://www.bio.net/. For the METHODS-AND-REAGENTS list the USENET newsgroup name is bionet.molbio.methds-reagnts, thus the appropriate commands are sub bionet-news.bionet.molbio.methds-reagnts unsub bionet-news.bionet.molbio.methds-reagnts These commands are included in a message addressed to mxt@dl.ac.uk, NOT to the newsgroup mailing addresses. As usual, include the text in the body of the message as text on the Subject: line is ignored. To unsubscribe from all the lists at the UK node, use unsub bionet-news Please note that if the address in the list is different than the one in your mail message header, you will not be able to unsubscribe by this method. If you have problems, please mail biosci@daresbury.ac.uk. 4) The BIOSCI user address and research interest directory. ----------------------------------------------------------- Please take this opportunity to add your name, address, and research interest information to the BIOSCI User Address Database if you have not already done so. You can fill out the address form directly through our Web page at URL http://www.bio.net/adrform.html. The address database is reindexed nightly for WWW access (the URL is http://www.bio.net/). If you are not directly on the Internet but can reach it by e-mail, please use our waismail server to access the user directory. waismail use is described above. You can also request a user address form by e-mail from biosci-help@net.bio.net. Please check your database entry from time-to-time to see if your address information is still up-to-date. Because of our limited personnel resources, we ask that you resubmit a *complete* form to revise your entry; we only replace complete entries and do not have resources to edit old forms. Sincerely, Dave Kristofferson BIOSCI/bionet Manager biosci-help@net.bio.net From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Thu Dec 26 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!newshost.lanl.gov!biosci!internet!biosci!not-for-mail From: biohelp (BIOSCI Administrator) Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: BIOSCI/bionet miniFAQ & Fundraiser Date: 27 Dec 1996 02:01:55 -0800 Organization: BIOSCI International Newsgroups for Molecular Biology Lines: 239 Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: world Message-ID: <199612271000.CAA26454@net.bio.net> NNTP-Posting-Host: net.bio.net (LAST REVISION: 30-JUL-95) This BIOSCI "miniFAQ" is designed to answer the questions that come up the *most frequently*. The main BIOSCI FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions) is accessible on the World Wide Web at URL http://www.bio.net/. If you can not find an answer to your question in this or other documentation, the BIOSCI technical support staff answers e-mail queries sent to biosci-help@net.bio.net We can only answer questions about the use of the newsgroups and mailing lists. We unfortunately do not have the staff to do Internet information searches or answer scientific questions. Please post those to the appropriate BIOSCI/bionet newsgroups. Contents: -------- 0) BIOSCI NEEDS YOUR SUPPORT!! 1) Using the WWW to access the BIOSCI/bionet newsgroups. 2) What to do about "spams," i.e., junk mail, ads, etc. 3) Examples of subscribing and unsubscribing to the mailing lists. 4) The BIOSCI user address and research interest directory. 0) BIOSCI NEEDS YOUR SUPPORT!! ------------------------------ BIOSCI's government funding has been expended, and we are now operating solely from advertising revenue that we have raised from our Web site at http://www.bio.net/. We need just a few minutes of your time to help us serve you. You can do two important things which will take very little time for you individually and will immensely help us continue to help you. First, please use our WWW system at http://www.bio.net/ to access the archives. You can post or reply to messages via your Web browser as described in item #1 below. Your usage helps attract sponsors. If you contact any of our sponsors, please be sure to thank them for supporting BIOSCI. It is critical for them to get this feedback if they are to continue their sponsorship for the long term. Second, if you work for a company or organization that provides products or services of interest to the biology community, please pass this message on to your marketing or marketing communications department or other appropriate group. Please ask them to help support BIOSCI by sponsoring our Web site and explain the uses and benefits of the system to the biology community. If they are interested, they can then contact us for further information at our tech support address, biosci-help@net.bio.net. 1) Using the WWW to access the BIOSCI/bionet newsgroups. -------------------------------------------------------- As of 10 December 1995, all BIOSCI/bionet full newsgroups are accessible through the World Wide Web (WWW) at URL http://www.bio.net. One can read and reply publicly or privately to both recent postings and archived messages through one's Web browser if it is configured properly to send e-mail. Each newsgroup is equipped with its own WAIS index. The main BIOSCI home page also has access to the BIO-JOURNALS Table of Contents database WAIS index and the BIOSCI user address database described in another item further below. 2) What to do about "spams," i.e., junk mail, ads, etc. ------------------------------------------------------- BIOSCI is a set of parallel USENET newsgroups (the "bionet" groups), mailing lists, and a hypermail archive at URL http://www.bio.net/. The same postings are distributed on all media (except for a small number of mailing-list-only groups at net.bio.net). Unfortunately it is becoming a despicable practice on the Internet (by a few people out to make a fast buck) to do automated mass postings to thousands of newsgroups and mailing lists. These attempts to grab free advertising are refered to as "spams" in the usual, somewhat boneheaded, net terminology. USENET is more susceptible to this practice, and many spams originate on the USENET groups and then are passed on to the mailing lists. However, spammers also get lists of mailing addresses and hit these too, so neither medium is immune. What should you do personally if you get junk mail? --------------------------------------------------- Just delete it and move on without reading it further. Filing a protest is becoming increasingly useless because spammers are often disguising the addresses where the messages are sent from. Unless you really understand Internet mail systems, your attempt at protest by sending replies to the message will often end up being sent to the address of an innocent person that the spammer is victimizing. What can BIOSCI/bionet do to protect its newsgroups? ---------------------------------------------------- The only solution currently available is to moderate the newsgroup. If this newsgroup is already moderated, then you are in good shape. Moderation protects the USENET distribution from about 95% of the spams that are being sent to date and protects the mailing lists completely. Moderation means, however, that someone has to take the time to review each message before it goes out. We have set up software here that simply allows the moderator to forward to an address at net.bio.net messages that (s)he wishes to have distributed. This takes no more time than that needed to read the message and pass it on, say about 1 min. per message. Most newsgroups currently have a discussion leader who is responsible for their newsgroup. The discussions leaders and their e-mail addresses are listed in the BIOSCI Information Sheet which is available on the Web at http://www.bio.net/. If a newsgroup is being hit with too many junk postings, please contact the discussion leader for that group and see if there is interest in moderating the group. Please do not assume that by simply posting a complaint to the newsgroup itself, anyone on the BIOSCI staff will act on your complaint. With close to 100 newsgroups to run, the BIOSCI staff has to rely on the discussion leaders of each newsgroup to report problems directly to us at biosci-help@net.bio.net. We will moderate any of our newsgroups if the discussion leader tells us that the readership of the group wishes to do so and if a moderator is willing to do the work. For most BIOSCI/bionet groups, this entails only a few minutes of work each day. Moderating a newsgroup will resolve probably 95% of the junk postings on the USENET distribution. Unfortunately there are easy ways for determined spammers to override the moderation mechanism on USENET, but we can protect our e-mail subscribers from unwanted postings if the newsgroup is moderated. You can also access our newsgroups over the WWW at URL http://www.bio.net. While this Web interface will not stop spammers from trying to post to the groups, this will give you yet another way, besides using USENET news, to keep the junk out of your personal mail files. For those of you with local USENET news systems, the Web interface will also give you faster access to new newsgroups and recent postings. 3) Examples of subscribing and unsubscribing to the mailing lists. ------------------------------------------------------------------ PLEASE NOTE: The BIOSCI management does NOT act on subscription/unsubscription requests that are posted improperly to the newsgroups and mailing lists. People who do this only bother everyone on the lists to no avail. Please be sure to follow the proper procedures below. Gory details are in the BIOSCI Information sheets on the Web at http://www.bio.net. Below we give an example utilizing the METHODS-AND-REAGENTS list at both of our two BIOSCI sites: Users in the Americas and Pacific Rim countries who use the BIOSCI ------------------------------------------------------------------ node at computer net.bio.net: ---------------------------- A) Determine the "listname" which is the <=8 character mail address ^^^^^^^^^^^^^ for the group. These can be found in the BIOSCI Info. Sheet. For the METHODS-AND-REAGENTS group the mailing address is methods@net.bio.net. The listname is the portion of the address to the left of the @ sign, i.e., "methods". The listname is used with the "subscribe" and "unsubscribe" commands illustrated below. B) Mail all commands in the body of a mail message addressed to biosci-server@net.bio.net. Do NOT send commands to the newsgroup posting addresses! Leave the Subject: line blank, any text on it will be ignored. C) In the body of your message put one or more of the following commands with an "end" command on the last line, e.g., subscribe methods unsubscribe methods end Do NOT put your e-mail address or other text on these lines. The server only allows you to cancel your subscription if the address on your mail header matches the address on our mailing list. Please ask for help at biosci-help@net.bio.net if your address has changed, e.g., if you know you are on the list but the server tells you that you are not a member. Users in Europe, Africa, and Central Asia who use the BIOSCI node at -------------------------------------------------------------------- computer daresbury.ac.uk (also known as dl.ac.uk): ------------------------------------------------- To subscribe and unsubscribe to/from the BIOSCI lists, you need to specify the full USENET newsgroup name with "bionet-news." prepended. The USENET newsgroup names are listed in the BIOSCI Information sheet on the Web at http://www.bio.net/. For the METHODS-AND-REAGENTS list the USENET newsgroup name is bionet.molbio.methds-reagnts, thus the appropriate commands are sub bionet-news.bionet.molbio.methds-reagnts unsub bionet-news.bionet.molbio.methds-reagnts These commands are included in a message addressed to mxt@dl.ac.uk, NOT to the newsgroup mailing addresses. As usual, include the text in the body of the message as text on the Subject: line is ignored. To unsubscribe from all the lists at the UK node, use unsub bionet-news Please note that if the address in the list is different than the one in your mail message header, you will not be able to unsubscribe by this method. If you have problems, please mail biosci@daresbury.ac.uk. 4) The BIOSCI user address and research interest directory. ----------------------------------------------------------- Please take this opportunity to add your name, address, and research interest information to the BIOSCI User Address Database if you have not already done so. You can fill out the address form directly through our Web page at URL http://www.bio.net/adrform.html. The address database is reindexed nightly for WWW access (the URL is http://www.bio.net/). If you are not directly on the Internet but can reach it by e-mail, please use our waismail server to access the user directory. waismail use is described above. You can also request a user address form by e-mail from biosci-help@net.bio.net. Please check your database entry from time-to-time to see if your address information is still up-to-date. Because of our limited personnel resources, we ask that you resubmit a *complete* form to revise your entry; we only replace complete entries and do not have resources to edit old forms. Sincerely, Dave Kristofferson BIOSCI/bionet Manager biosci-help@net.bio.net From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Thu Dec 26 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!bcm.tmc.edu!biosci!internet!biosci!not-for-mail From: biohelp (BIOSCI Administrator) Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: BIOSCI/bionet miniFAQ & Fundraiser Date: 27 Dec 1996 02:01:55 -0800 Organization: BIOSCI International Newsgroups for Molecular Biology Lines: 239 Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: world Message-ID: <199612271000.CAA26454@net.bio.net> NNTP-Posting-Host: net.bio.net (LAST REVISION: 30-JUL-95) This BIOSCI "miniFAQ" is designed to answer the questions that come up the *most frequently*. The main BIOSCI FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions) is accessible on the World Wide Web at URL http://www.bio.net/. If you can not find an answer to your question in this or other documentation, the BIOSCI technical support staff answers e-mail queries sent to biosci-help@net.bio.net We can only answer questions about the use of the newsgroups and mailing lists. We unfortunately do not have the staff to do Internet information searches or answer scientific questions. Please post those to the appropriate BIOSCI/bionet newsgroups. Contents: -------- 0) BIOSCI NEEDS YOUR SUPPORT!! 1) Using the WWW to access the BIOSCI/bionet newsgroups. 2) What to do about "spams," i.e., junk mail, ads, etc. 3) Examples of subscribing and unsubscribing to the mailing lists. 4) The BIOSCI user address and research interest directory. 0) BIOSCI NEEDS YOUR SUPPORT!! ------------------------------ BIOSCI's government funding has been expended, and we are now operating solely from advertising revenue that we have raised from our Web site at http://www.bio.net/. We need just a few minutes of your time to help us serve you. You can do two important things which will take very little time for you individually and will immensely help us continue to help you. First, please use our WWW system at http://www.bio.net/ to access the archives. You can post or reply to messages via your Web browser as described in item #1 below. Your usage helps attract sponsors. If you contact any of our sponsors, please be sure to thank them for supporting BIOSCI. It is critical for them to get this feedback if they are to continue their sponsorship for the long term. Second, if you work for a company or organization that provides products or services of interest to the biology community, please pass this message on to your marketing or marketing communications department or other appropriate group. Please ask them to help support BIOSCI by sponsoring our Web site and explain the uses and benefits of the system to the biology community. If they are interested, they can then contact us for further information at our tech support address, biosci-help@net.bio.net. 1) Using the WWW to access the BIOSCI/bionet newsgroups. -------------------------------------------------------- As of 10 December 1995, all BIOSCI/bionet full newsgroups are accessible through the World Wide Web (WWW) at URL http://www.bio.net. One can read and reply publicly or privately to both recent postings and archived messages through one's Web browser if it is configured properly to send e-mail. Each newsgroup is equipped with its own WAIS index. The main BIOSCI home page also has access to the BIO-JOURNALS Table of Contents database WAIS index and the BIOSCI user address database described in another item further below. 2) What to do about "spams," i.e., junk mail, ads, etc. ------------------------------------------------------- BIOSCI is a set of parallel USENET newsgroups (the "bionet" groups), mailing lists, and a hypermail archive at URL http://www.bio.net/. The same postings are distributed on all media (except for a small number of mailing-list-only groups at net.bio.net). Unfortunately it is becoming a despicable practice on the Internet (by a few people out to make a fast buck) to do automated mass postings to thousands of newsgroups and mailing lists. These attempts to grab free advertising are refered to as "spams" in the usual, somewhat boneheaded, net terminology. USENET is more susceptible to this practice, and many spams originate on the USENET groups and then are passed on to the mailing lists. However, spammers also get lists of mailing addresses and hit these too, so neither medium is immune. What should you do personally if you get junk mail? --------------------------------------------------- Just delete it and move on without reading it further. Filing a protest is becoming increasingly useless because spammers are often disguising the addresses where the messages are sent from. Unless you really understand Internet mail systems, your attempt at protest by sending replies to the message will often end up being sent to the address of an innocent person that the spammer is victimizing. What can BIOSCI/bionet do to protect its newsgroups? ---------------------------------------------------- The only solution currently available is to moderate the newsgroup. If this newsgroup is already moderated, then you are in good shape. Moderation protects the USENET distribution from about 95% of the spams that are being sent to date and protects the mailing lists completely. Moderation means, however, that someone has to take the time to review each message before it goes out. We have set up software here that simply allows the moderator to forward to an address at net.bio.net messages that (s)he wishes to have distributed. This takes no more time than that needed to read the message and pass it on, say about 1 min. per message. Most newsgroups currently have a discussion leader who is responsible for their newsgroup. The discussions leaders and their e-mail addresses are listed in the BIOSCI Information Sheet which is available on the Web at http://www.bio.net/. If a newsgroup is being hit with too many junk postings, please contact the discussion leader for that group and see if there is interest in moderating the group. Please do not assume that by simply posting a complaint to the newsgroup itself, anyone on the BIOSCI staff will act on your complaint. With close to 100 newsgroups to run, the BIOSCI staff has to rely on the discussion leaders of each newsgroup to report problems directly to us at biosci-help@net.bio.net. We will moderate any of our newsgroups if the discussion leader tells us that the readership of the group wishes to do so and if a moderator is willing to do the work. For most BIOSCI/bionet groups, this entails only a few minutes of work each day. Moderating a newsgroup will resolve probably 95% of the junk postings on the USENET distribution. Unfortunately there are easy ways for determined spammers to override the moderation mechanism on USENET, but we can protect our e-mail subscribers from unwanted postings if the newsgroup is moderated. You can also access our newsgroups over the WWW at URL http://www.bio.net. While this Web interface will not stop spammers from trying to post to the groups, this will give you yet another way, besides using USENET news, to keep the junk out of your personal mail files. For those of you with local USENET news systems, the Web interface will also give you faster access to new newsgroups and recent postings. 3) Examples of subscribing and unsubscribing to the mailing lists. ------------------------------------------------------------------ PLEASE NOTE: The BIOSCI management does NOT act on subscription/unsubscription requests that are posted improperly to the newsgroups and mailing lists. People who do this only bother everyone on the lists to no avail. Please be sure to follow the proper procedures below. Gory details are in the BIOSCI Information sheets on the Web at http://www.bio.net. Below we give an example utilizing the METHODS-AND-REAGENTS list at both of our two BIOSCI sites: Users in the Americas and Pacific Rim countries who use the BIOSCI ------------------------------------------------------------------ node at computer net.bio.net: ---------------------------- A) Determine the "listname" which is the <=8 character mail address ^^^^^^^^^^^^^ for the group. These can be found in the BIOSCI Info. Sheet. For the METHODS-AND-REAGENTS group the mailing address is methods@net.bio.net. The listname is the portion of the address to the left of the @ sign, i.e., "methods". The listname is used with the "subscribe" and "unsubscribe" commands illustrated below. B) Mail all commands in the body of a mail message addressed to biosci-server@net.bio.net. Do NOT send commands to the newsgroup posting addresses! Leave the Subject: line blank, any text on it will be ignored. C) In the body of your message put one or more of the following commands with an "end" command on the last line, e.g., subscribe methods unsubscribe methods end Do NOT put your e-mail address or other text on these lines. The server only allows you to cancel your subscription if the address on your mail header matches the address on our mailing list. Please ask for help at biosci-help@net.bio.net if your address has changed, e.g., if you know you are on the list but the server tells you that you are not a member. Users in Europe, Africa, and Central Asia who use the BIOSCI node at -------------------------------------------------------------------- computer daresbury.ac.uk (also known as dl.ac.uk): ------------------------------------------------- To subscribe and unsubscribe to/from the BIOSCI lists, you need to specify the full USENET newsgroup name with "bionet-news." prepended. The USENET newsgroup names are listed in the BIOSCI Information sheet on the Web at http://www.bio.net/. For the METHODS-AND-REAGENTS list the USENET newsgroup name is bionet.molbio.methds-reagnts, thus the appropriate commands are sub bionet-news.bionet.molbio.methds-reagnts unsub bionet-news.bionet.molbio.methds-reagnts These commands are included in a message addressed to mxt@dl.ac.uk, NOT to the newsgroup mailing addresses. As usual, include the text in the body of the message as text on the Subject: line is ignored. To unsubscribe from all the lists at the UK node, use unsub bionet-news Please note that if the address in the list is different than the one in your mail message header, you will not be able to unsubscribe by this method. If you have problems, please mail biosci@daresbury.ac.uk. 4) The BIOSCI user address and research interest directory. ----------------------------------------------------------- Please take this opportunity to add your name, address, and research interest information to the BIOSCI User Address Database if you have not already done so. You can fill out the address form directly through our Web page at URL http://www.bio.net/adrform.html. The address database is reindexed nightly for WWW access (the URL is http://www.bio.net/). If you are not directly on the Internet but can reach it by e-mail, please use our waismail server to access the user directory. waismail use is described above. You can also request a user address form by e-mail from biosci-help@net.bio.net. Please check your database entry from time-to-time to see if your address information is still up-to-date. Because of our limited personnel resources, we ask that you resubmit a *complete* form to revise your entry; we only replace complete entries and do not have resources to edit old forms. Sincerely, Dave Kristofferson BIOSCI/bionet Manager biosci-help@net.bio.net From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Thu Dec 26 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!internet!biosci!not-for-mail From: biohelp (BIOSCI Administrator) Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: BIOSCI/bionet miniFAQ & Fundraiser Date: 27 Dec 1996 02:01:55 -0800 Organization: BIOSCI International Newsgroups for Molecular Biology Lines: 239 Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: world Message-ID: <199612271000.CAA26454@net.bio.net> NNTP-Posting-Host: net.bio.net (LAST REVISION: 30-JUL-95) This BIOSCI "miniFAQ" is designed to answer the questions that come up the *most frequently*. The main BIOSCI FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions) is accessible on the World Wide Web at URL http://www.bio.net/. If you can not find an answer to your question in this or other documentation, the BIOSCI technical support staff answers e-mail queries sent to biosci-help@net.bio.net We can only answer questions about the use of the newsgroups and mailing lists. We unfortunately do not have the staff to do Internet information searches or answer scientific questions. Please post those to the appropriate BIOSCI/bionet newsgroups. Contents: -------- 0) BIOSCI NEEDS YOUR SUPPORT!! 1) Using the WWW to access the BIOSCI/bionet newsgroups. 2) What to do about "spams," i.e., junk mail, ads, etc. 3) Examples of subscribing and unsubscribing to the mailing lists. 4) The BIOSCI user address and research interest directory. 0) BIOSCI NEEDS YOUR SUPPORT!! ------------------------------ BIOSCI's government funding has been expended, and we are now operating solely from advertising revenue that we have raised from our Web site at http://www.bio.net/. We need just a few minutes of your time to help us serve you. You can do two important things which will take very little time for you individually and will immensely help us continue to help you. First, please use our WWW system at http://www.bio.net/ to access the archives. You can post or reply to messages via your Web browser as described in item #1 below. Your usage helps attract sponsors. If you contact any of our sponsors, please be sure to thank them for supporting BIOSCI. It is critical for them to get this feedback if they are to continue their sponsorship for the long term. Second, if you work for a company or organization that provides products or services of interest to the biology community, please pass this message on to your marketing or marketing communications department or other appropriate group. Please ask them to help support BIOSCI by sponsoring our Web site and explain the uses and benefits of the system to the biology community. If they are interested, they can then contact us for further information at our tech support address, biosci-help@net.bio.net. 1) Using the WWW to access the BIOSCI/bionet newsgroups. -------------------------------------------------------- As of 10 December 1995, all BIOSCI/bionet full newsgroups are accessible through the World Wide Web (WWW) at URL http://www.bio.net. One can read and reply publicly or privately to both recent postings and archived messages through one's Web browser if it is configured properly to send e-mail. Each newsgroup is equipped with its own WAIS index. The main BIOSCI home page also has access to the BIO-JOURNALS Table of Contents database WAIS index and the BIOSCI user address database described in another item further below. 2) What to do about "spams," i.e., junk mail, ads, etc. ------------------------------------------------------- BIOSCI is a set of parallel USENET newsgroups (the "bionet" groups), mailing lists, and a hypermail archive at URL http://www.bio.net/. The same postings are distributed on all media (except for a small number of mailing-list-only groups at net.bio.net). Unfortunately it is becoming a despicable practice on the Internet (by a few people out to make a fast buck) to do automated mass postings to thousands of newsgroups and mailing lists. These attempts to grab free advertising are refered to as "spams" in the usual, somewhat boneheaded, net terminology. USENET is more susceptible to this practice, and many spams originate on the USENET groups and then are passed on to the mailing lists. However, spammers also get lists of mailing addresses and hit these too, so neither medium is immune. What should you do personally if you get junk mail? --------------------------------------------------- Just delete it and move on without reading it further. Filing a protest is becoming increasingly useless because spammers are often disguising the addresses where the messages are sent from. Unless you really understand Internet mail systems, your attempt at protest by sending replies to the message will often end up being sent to the address of an innocent person that the spammer is victimizing. What can BIOSCI/bionet do to protect its newsgroups? ---------------------------------------------------- The only solution currently available is to moderate the newsgroup. If this newsgroup is already moderated, then you are in good shape. Moderation protects the USENET distribution from about 95% of the spams that are being sent to date and protects the mailing lists completely. Moderation means, however, that someone has to take the time to review each message before it goes out. We have set up software here that simply allows the moderator to forward to an address at net.bio.net messages that (s)he wishes to have distributed. This takes no more time than that needed to read the message and pass it on, say about 1 min. per message. Most newsgroups currently have a discussion leader who is responsible for their newsgroup. The discussions leaders and their e-mail addresses are listed in the BIOSCI Information Sheet which is available on the Web at http://www.bio.net/. If a newsgroup is being hit with too many junk postings, please contact the discussion leader for that group and see if there is interest in moderating the group. Please do not assume that by simply posting a complaint to the newsgroup itself, anyone on the BIOSCI staff will act on your complaint. With close to 100 newsgroups to run, the BIOSCI staff has to rely on the discussion leaders of each newsgroup to report problems directly to us at biosci-help@net.bio.net. We will moderate any of our newsgroups if the discussion leader tells us that the readership of the group wishes to do so and if a moderator is willing to do the work. For most BIOSCI/bionet groups, this entails only a few minutes of work each day. Moderating a newsgroup will resolve probably 95% of the junk postings on the USENET distribution. Unfortunately there are easy ways for determined spammers to override the moderation mechanism on USENET, but we can protect our e-mail subscribers from unwanted postings if the newsgroup is moderated. You can also access our newsgroups over the WWW at URL http://www.bio.net. While this Web interface will not stop spammers from trying to post to the groups, this will give you yet another way, besides using USENET news, to keep the junk out of your personal mail files. For those of you with local USENET news systems, the Web interface will also give you faster access to new newsgroups and recent postings. 3) Examples of subscribing and unsubscribing to the mailing lists. ------------------------------------------------------------------ PLEASE NOTE: The BIOSCI management does NOT act on subscription/unsubscription requests that are posted improperly to the newsgroups and mailing lists. People who do this only bother everyone on the lists to no avail. Please be sure to follow the proper procedures below. Gory details are in the BIOSCI Information sheets on the Web at http://www.bio.net. Below we give an example utilizing the METHODS-AND-REAGENTS list at both of our two BIOSCI sites: Users in the Americas and Pacific Rim countries who use the BIOSCI ------------------------------------------------------------------ node at computer net.bio.net: ---------------------------- A) Determine the "listname" which is the <=8 character mail address ^^^^^^^^^^^^^ for the group. These can be found in the BIOSCI Info. Sheet. For the METHODS-AND-REAGENTS group the mailing address is methods@net.bio.net. The listname is the portion of the address to the left of the @ sign, i.e., "methods". The listname is used with the "subscribe" and "unsubscribe" commands illustrated below. B) Mail all commands in the body of a mail message addressed to biosci-server@net.bio.net. Do NOT send commands to the newsgroup posting addresses! Leave the Subject: line blank, any text on it will be ignored. C) In the body of your message put one or more of the following commands with an "end" command on the last line, e.g., subscribe methods unsubscribe methods end Do NOT put your e-mail address or other text on these lines. The server only allows you to cancel your subscription if the address on your mail header matches the address on our mailing list. Please ask for help at biosci-help@net.bio.net if your address has changed, e.g., if you know you are on the list but the server tells you that you are not a member. Users in Europe, Africa, and Central Asia who use the BIOSCI node at -------------------------------------------------------------------- computer daresbury.ac.uk (also known as dl.ac.uk): ------------------------------------------------- To subscribe and unsubscribe to/from the BIOSCI lists, you need to specify the full USENET newsgroup name with "bionet-news." prepended. The USENET newsgroup names are listed in the BIOSCI Information sheet on the Web at http://www.bio.net/. For the METHODS-AND-REAGENTS list the USENET newsgroup name is bionet.molbio.methds-reagnts, thus the appropriate commands are sub bionet-news.bionet.molbio.methds-reagnts unsub bionet-news.bionet.molbio.methds-reagnts These commands are included in a message addressed to mxt@dl.ac.uk, NOT to the newsgroup mailing addresses. As usual, include the text in the body of the message as text on the Subject: line is ignored. To unsubscribe from all the lists at the UK node, use unsub bionet-news Please note that if the address in the list is different than the one in your mail message header, you will not be able to unsubscribe by this method. If you have problems, please mail biosci@daresbury.ac.uk. 4) The BIOSCI user address and research interest directory. ----------------------------------------------------------- Please take this opportunity to add your name, address, and research interest information to the BIOSCI User Address Database if you have not already done so. You can fill out the address form directly through our Web page at URL http://www.bio.net/adrform.html. The address database is reindexed nightly for WWW access (the URL is http://www.bio.net/). If you are not directly on the Internet but can reach it by e-mail, please use our waismail server to access the user directory. waismail use is described above. You can also request a user address form by e-mail from biosci-help@net.bio.net. Please check your database entry from time-to-time to see if your address information is still up-to-date. Because of our limited personnel resources, we ask that you resubmit a *complete* form to revise your entry; we only replace complete entries and do not have resources to edit old forms. Sincerely, Dave Kristofferson BIOSCI/bionet Manager biosci-help@net.bio.net From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Thu Dec 26 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!rutgers!netnews.upenn.edu!news.misty.com!news-xfer.netaxs.com!feed1.news.erols.com!news.dra.com!news.good.net!news.good.net!news.goodnet.com!phx-ts2-13.goodnet.com!user From: mthompson@asu.edu (MThompson) Newsgroups: bionet.cellbiol,bionet.general,bionet.microbiology,bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: DNA extinction coefficient Date: 22 Dec 1996 02:05:16 GMT Organization: Arizona State University Lines: 6 Message-ID: NNTP-Posting-Host: phx-ts2-13.goodnet.com Xref: biosci bionet.cellbiol:6317 bionet.general:24819 bionet.microbiology:8318 bionet.genome.chromosomes:1480 What is the extinction coefficient for: dGdC dAdT and polyG-poly C (annealed) I understand the ext coefficient for GC is roughly 6600. Is this per 10-mer, per base pair or per base? Thanks. From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Thu Dec 26 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!rutgers!netnews.upenn.edu!news.misty.com!www.nntp.primenet.com!nntp.primenet.com!howland.erols.net!news-peer.gsl.net!news.gsl.net!news-penn.gsl.net!news.gsl.net!duke.telepac.pt!news.telepac.pt!usenet From: Raquel Fialho Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: Re: Crossing Over Question Date: 22 Dec 1996 21:42:16 GMT Lines: 31 Message-ID: <59k9vo$6nd@duke.telepac.pt> NNTP-Posting-Host: ah2_p3.telepac.pt John Carroll escreveu: > After checking assorted books on biology and biochemistry about > how crossing over takes place during meiosis, I find myself still > confused on a couple of points that an expert could undoubtedly > clear up without breaking a sweat. Here are the points of confusion: > > 1. In the diagrams of crossing over that I've seen, one segment > of DNA on the paternal chromosome is traded for its > counterpart on the maternal chromosome. I assume that > this actually takes place at many points along the > chromosomes, rather than just the one shown in diagrams, > but I haven't seen any text to confirm that suspicion or > any diagrams showing multiple crossovers. Does crossing > over actually occur at many separate places on the > chromosome? If so, roughly how many segments are likely, > on average,to be exchanged per chromosome? And roughly how > big are such segments, on average? > > 2. When DNA molecules are cut during the crossing over process, > are they cut only on linker strands (my guess) or only on > DNA attached to nucleosomes, or on both kinds of locations? > > The world's fate doesn't hang on answers to these questions, as you > may have guessed, but they're driving me nuts. All responses > appreciated. Thanks in advance. > > > John Carroll > pp001356@mindspring.com > From owner-chromosomes@net.bio.net Thu Dec 26 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!fcs280s.ncifcrf.gov!biosci!internet!biosci!not-for-mail From: biohelp (BIOSCI Administrator) Newsgroups: bionet.genome.chromosomes Subject: BIOSCI/bionet miniFAQ & Fundraiser Date: 27 Dec 1996 02:01:55 -0800 Organization: BIOSCI International Newsgroups for Molecular Biology Lines: 239 Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: world Message-ID: <199612271000.CAA26454@net.bio.net> NNTP-Posting-Host: net.bio.net (LAST REVISION: 30-JUL-95) This BIOSCI "miniFAQ" is designed to answer the questions that come up the *most frequently*. The main BIOSCI FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions) is accessible on the World Wide Web at URL http://www.bio.net/. If you can not find an answer to your question in this or other documentation, the BIOSCI technical support staff answers e-mail queries sent to biosci-help@net.bio.net We can only answer questions about the use of the newsgroups and mailing lists. We unfortunately do not have the staff to do Internet information searches or answer scientific questions. Please post those to the appropriate BIOSCI/bionet newsgroups. Contents: -------- 0) BIOSCI NEEDS YOUR SUPPORT!! 1) Using the WWW to access the BIOSCI/bionet newsgroups. 2) What to do about "spams," i.e., junk mail, ads, etc. 3) Examples of subscribing and unsubscribing to the mailing lists. 4) The BIOSCI user address and research interest directory. 0) BIOSCI NEEDS YOUR SUPPORT!! ------------------------------ BIOSCI's government funding has been expended, and we are now operating solely from advertising revenue that we have raised from our Web site at http://www.bio.net/. We need just a few minutes of your time to help us serve you. You can do two important things which will take very little time for you individually and will immensely help us continue to help you. First, please use our WWW system at http://www.bio.net/ to access the archives. You can post or reply to messages via your Web browser as described in item #1 below. Your usage helps attract sponsors. If you contact any of our sponsors, please be sure to thank them for supporting BIOSCI. It is critical for them to get this feedback if they are to continue their sponsorship for the long term. Second, if you work for a company or organization that provides products or services of interest to the biology community, please pass this message on to your marketing or marketing communications department or other appropriate group. Please ask them to help support BIOSCI by sponsoring our Web site and explain the uses and benefits of the system to the biology community. If they are interested, they can then contact us for further information at our tech support address, biosci-help@net.bio.net. 1) Using the WWW to access the BIOSCI/bionet newsgroups. -------------------------------------------------------- As of 10 December 1995, all BIOSCI/bionet full newsgroups are accessible through the World Wide Web (WWW) at URL http://www.bio.net. One can read and reply publicly or privately to both recent postings and archived messages through one's Web browser if it is configured properly to send e-mail. Each newsgroup is equipped with its own WAIS index. The main BIOSCI home page also has access to the BIO-JOURNALS Table of Contents database WAIS index and the BIOSCI user address database described in another item further below. 2) What to do about "spams," i.e., junk mail, ads, etc. ------------------------------------------------------- BIOSCI is a set of parallel USENET newsgroups (the "bionet" groups), mailing lists, and a hypermail archive at URL http://www.bio.net/. The same postings are distributed on all media (except for a small number of mailing-list-only groups at net.bio.net). Unfortunately it is becoming a despicable practice on the Internet (by a few people out to make a fast buck) to do automated mass postings to thousands of newsgroups and mailing lists. These attempts to grab free advertising are refered to as "spams" in the usual, somewhat boneheaded, net terminology. USENET is more susceptible to this practice, and many spams originate on the USENET groups and then are passed on to the mailing lists. However, spammers also get lists of mailing addresses and hit these too, so neither medium is immune. What should you do personally if you get junk mail? --------------------------------------------------- Just delete it and move on without reading it further. Filing a protest is becoming increasingly useless because spammers are often disguising the addresses where