From owner-note@net.bio.net Fri Jun 02 23:00:00 1995 Path: biosci!scruz.uucp.netcom.com!osvaldo.montano From: osvaldo.montano@scruz.uucp.netcom.com (Osvaldo Montano) Newsgroups: bionet.journals.note Subject: help me Date: 3 Jun 1995 04:00:33 -0700 Organization: Santa Cruz BBS - BOLIVIA - (591) (3) 36-7046 Lines: 17 Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: world Message-ID: <18e.8539.33@scruz.uucp.netcom.com> NNTP-Posting-Host: net.bio.net Dear Sr. I am studing Chemistry here, in Santa Cruz-Bolivia and I need some information about INTERATION OF HEAVY METALS WITH CHITIN and CHITOSAN / "JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCES". If you don't know it, then please let me other addresses where I can ask for it. Especially addresses (e-mail) for journal of Chemical or Bio-Chemical in your country or other country. Yours sincerelly, Osvaldo Montaņo. Please answer if my message was received. I need your help please. Pd. Excuse my English ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Internet: osvaldo.montano@scruz.uucp.netcom.com (Osvaldo Montano) This message was processed by NetXpress from Merlin Systems Inc. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- From owner-note@net.bio.net Sun Jun 04 23:00:00 1995 Path: biosci!CCIT.ARIZONA.EDU!TUKSUN From: TUKSUN@CCIT.ARIZONA.EDU Newsgroups: bionet.journals.note Subject: Unsub Date: 5 Jun 1995 11:13:31 -0700 Organization: BIOSCI International Newsgroups for Molecular Biology Lines: 2 Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: world Message-ID: <01HRCFEFDQEW8WW65T@CCIT.ARIZONA.EDU> NNTP-Posting-Host: net.bio.net Please unsubscribe me, I am very dissapointed that this group lets advertisements on. From owner-note@net.bio.net Tue Jun 06 23:00:00 1995 Path: biosci!bloom-beacon.mit.edu!usc!news.cerf.net!newsserver.sdsc.edu!news.tc.cornell.edu!travelers.mail.cornell.edu!newsstand.cit.cornell.edu!NewsWatcher!user From: pts3@cornell.edu (phil) Newsgroups: bionet.journals.note Subject: Help!! Paper Wasps Needed Followup-To: bionet.journals.note Date: 7 Jun 1995 02:47:13 GMT Organization: cornell Lines: 24 Sender: pts3@cornell.edu (Verified) Message-ID: NNTP-Posting-Host: cu-dialup-0615.cit.cornell.edu Hello. My name is Phil Starks. I am a graduate student at Cornell University in the field of NeuroBiology and Behavior. I am currently examining paper wasps, specifically Polistes dominulus. I am evaluating their nesting behavior and population genetics. I want to compare animals from different regions -- mostly from the Northeast in areas between Boston, MA and Ithaca, NY. My problem is finding these critters. They tend to congregate in the eves of man-made structures. I have searched state parks and some universities but have only found 4 usable sites. A usable site is one that has been relatively undisturbed (not sprayed with insecticides) for a few years and contains 18 or more colonies. These wasps make un-enveloped nests -- you can plainly see the cells of the comb (it looks much like a gray honeycomb). P. dominulus is the more yellow and smaller of the 2 Polistes species in this region (P. fuscatus is dark brown and the larger of the two animals). At this time of year you may see colonies with anywhere from 1 to 10 individuals, and nests that may contain 8 to 100 cells. If you know of any potential sites please email me. I am offering a $20.00 finder fee for useful sites. Thanks for reading this message Phil Starks (pts3@cornell.edu) From owner-note@net.bio.net Sun Jun 18 23:00:00 1995 Path: biosci!internet!biosci!not-for-mail From: biohelp (BIOSCI Administrator) Newsgroups: bionet.journals.note Subject: UNSUBSCRIBING, BIOSCI ARCHIVES, ADDRESS DATABASE & BIOSCI FAQ Date: 19 Jun 1995 02:00:12 -0700 Organization: BIOSCI International Newsgroups for Molecular Biology Lines: 347 Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: world Message-ID: <199506190900.CAA25639@net.bio.net> NNTP-Posting-Host: net.bio.net Four important items follow: How to cancel e-mail subscriptions to BIOSCI newsgroups, BIOSCI archive searching, the BIOSCI FAQ, and the BIOSCI User Address Directory form. If you have not yet listed yourself in our BIOSCI user directory, please take a few minutes to complete and return the form below. If your personal information has changed since you listed yourself, please send us a complete new updated form. We can not make manual revisions to existing entries. Sincerely, Dave Kristofferson BIOSCI/bionet Manager biosci-help@net.bio.net **** How to cancel a BIOSCI e-mail subscription **** If you want to cancel your e-mail subscription to this group, PLEASE DO NOT POST YOUR UNSUBSCRIBE REQUEST TO THE NEWSGROUP ADDRESS (NOR REPLY TO A MESSAGE POSTED TO THE NEWSGROUP)!!! This would send your request to all of the readers of the newsgroup, but it might still not be seen by the BIOSCI staff - thus you would annoy many people and possibly not accomplish your goal anyway. IF YOU ARE LOCATED IN THE AMERICAS OR PACIFIC RIM COUNTRIES, please send a message to biosci@net.bio.net Instructions on how to subscribe/unsubscribe will be returned automatically, so the contents of your message do not matter. IF YOU ARE LOCATED IN EUROPE, AFRICA OR CENTRAL ASIA, please send a message to MXT@dl.ac.uk containing the word help in the body of the message to retrieve e-mail server instructions. 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Thanks again for your cooperation! --------------- please cut here and return portion below --------------- New information or Update to old record (enter N or U): date (DD-MM-YY): first name: middle initial: family name: job title: e-mail address: e-mail network: phone number: FAX number: institution: address1: address2: address3: city: state/province: country: postal code: research interest: research interest: comment: comment: comment: comment: comment: From owner-note@net.bio.net Sun Jun 25 23:00:00 1995 Path: biosci!rutgers!gatech!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!agate!boulder!tali.hsc.colorado.edu!essex.hsc.colorado.edu!news From: binstoct@essex.hsc.colorado.edu (Teresa Binstock) Newsgroups: bionet.journals.note Subject: Sex Diff Paradigm: Revised Posting, with references. Date: 24 Jun 1995 11:35:52 -0600 Organization: University of Colorado, Health Sciences Center Lines: 447 Message-ID: <3shidoINN5gd@essex.hsc.colorado.edu> NNTP-Posting-Host: essex.hsc.colorado.edu revised posting (6.24.95): SEX DIFFERENTIATION: MODIFYING THE PARADIGM INTRODUCTION: Numerous scientific articles describe gonadal and hormonal aspects of sex differentiation. Many such articles describe gonadal and hormonal effects upon various regions and components of the brain. Additional factors in gonadal and hormonal differentiation of the human brain include enzymes such as 3-beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, 21-hydroxylase, and cytochrome p450. Often, information from these articles is utilized by writers (etc) who argue either for or against "biological bases" of sexual- and/or gender- orientation. However, and for the moment not considering psychogenic aspects of learned sexual-differentiation: TO EQUATE sexual differentation (SD) with SD arising from gonadal/hormonal (g/h-SD) processes IS ERRONEOUS. This erroneous presumption is very prevalent and biases research into the biological (molecular, genetic, etc) basis of male/female brain differences and also weakens the Nature side of Nature/Nurture arguments. To equate SD with g/h-SD is erroneous because in recent years numerous sceintific article have been reporting genomic-DNA sex differences that are neither gonadal nor hormonal. Until scientists (including neuroscientists and behavioralists) acknowledge and research possible ramifications of these sex differences, many possible genomic-DNA contributors to sexual- and/or gender- orientation shall be overlooked. Because the Nature/Nurture arguement still "rages", the following mini-paper is offered in its ever so crude form: ABSTRACT, POSTER, AND PAPER in 1994: The following points are summarized from an abstract and paper entitled "Sex Differentiation: Modifying the Paradigm" first presented at the 8th Biennial Retreat of the Developmental Psychobiology Research Group of the University of Colorado (USA) Health Sciences Center in May of 1994. The retreat was entitled "Gender Differences in Brain and Behavior", and Teresa Christine Binstock is author of and retains copyright to the above named abstract and paper and to this summary thereof. MAIN POINTS of the abstract: I. For many decades the concept "Sexual Differentiation" (SD) has been conceived as the equivalent of gonadal/hormonal SD (i.e., g/h-SD). A. The presumption that SD is the equivalent g/h-SD is erroneous and misleading, because there are genomic sex differences (other than lack of or presence of SRY) that are neither gonadal nor hormonal. B. Examples of SD that is neither gonadal nor hormonal nor SRY-related include but are not necessarily limited to: 1. alphoid repeat sequences (satellite DNA) of the X and Y chromosomes. 2. within the X,Y pseudoautosomal regions, an RNA protein that is similar but different on the X and Y chromosomes. 3. differences in replication timing of the X and Y chromosomes -- i.e., among human males, the Y and X chromosomes have replication-timimg patterns different from the replication-timing patterns of the active X and the inactive X chromosomes in human females. 4. differences in the levels of HPRT in pre-morula blastomeres of mouse and human embryos. 5. different male/female lengths of autosomomal chromosomes. Note that in this useage length may in fact be "length" because chromosomal length is often defined in terms of recombination rates and a related concept of centiMorgans (cM), and dependending upon what text a person is reading, physical length of an autosomal chromosome is not quite the equivalent of "length" defined in cM units. Regardless, something is causing a recombination-rate difference between male and female autosomes (thus a cM sex difference for most autosomes). Furthermore, in some specific areas of certain chromosomes this sex difference (re: cM) is reversed. Furthermore, to some extent actual, physical length of autosomes is "kinda, sorta like" cM recombninational "length" (pardon the slang, but that's about as accurate as many texts are re: cM-length versus physical length). 6. Another interesting category is: Sexual Reversals that appear to be independent of SRY (and its presence or lack), such as occurs in campomelic dysplasia. SOME REFERENCES ARE PROVIDED AT END OF THIS DOCUMENT C. These male/female sex differences exist from the time of conception and thus preceed development of the gonadal ridge and are accurately described as sex differences which are neither gonadal nor hormonal. D. These sex differences that are neither hormonal nor gonadal may, if dysregulated, contribute to alterations of sexual- and/or gender- orientation in some individuals. Such a possibility cannot be a priori overlooked, and research that does so overlook is erroneously, misleadingly conceived if based upon a stated or implicit presumption that all SD = g/h-SD. INSTEAD: g/h-SD is a subset of overall genomically determined SD. VOMERONASAL NEURONOLISMS: II. For many decades, the vomeronasal organ (VO) in humans has been described variously as not existing, so small as to be of little importance, and as a mere rudiment of pre-human evoluHtionary development. At least one 1994 neuroanatomy text states "authoritatively" that significant VO processing does not occur in humans. A. This well established belittling of the human VO is erroneous and misleading. B. Between 1980 and 1994, various mainstream scientific journals have published at least 10 studies documenting aspects of the occurrence, ultrastructure, and function of the human VO. C. The VO is strongly implicated in mammalian responses to sexual pheromones emitted by other creatures of the same species. III. We Repeat: Gonadal/hormonal SD is a subset of SD; some SD is genomic and is neither gonadal nor hormonal and even preceeds development of the gonadal ridge and thus also preceeds and is more fundamental than subsequent hormonally induced SD. IV. Although erroneous, the presumptive equating of SD with g/h-SD is commonplace. A. A misleading SD-paradigm misdirects and biases research. B. Mistakenly equating SD with g/h-SD leads to misconstructed observations, rationales, experiments, and discussions (i) about male/female brain differences, and (ii) about possible causes of gender- and/or sexual orientation. C. Mistakenly equating SD with g/h-SD also biases aspects of the Nature versus Nurture debate. V. Similarly, outmoded notions about the human VO wrongfully bias research concerning (i) male and female brain function, and (ii) possible mechanisms and/or pathogeneses of sexual and/or gender orientation. VI. Circa 1995 and beyond, ideas about human SD and about biological components of gender orientation and sexual orientation are on less than solid footing if they fail to consider either the human vomeronasal organ or genomic SD which is neither gonadal nor hormonal. Copyright 1994 1995 Teresa C. Binstoct A miscellany of topically arranged references is included herewith; and, when completed, a newly re-written paper on this topic can be obtained from: Teresa C. Binstock via Binstoct@essex.hsc.colorado.edu TWO POSTSCRIPTIONAL COMMENTATIONS: 1. The Nature side of the Nature/Nurture argument won't be complete until scientists quit ignoring genomic-DNA sex differences which are neither hormonal nor gonadal. 2. The "complex interplay" truce between the Nature-as-cause adherents and the Nurture-as-cause adherents has diluted, weakened validity until scientists and Nature/Nurture debatesters quit ignoring the possible contributions of genomic-DNA sex differences which are neither hormonal nor gonadal. REFERENCES: This list of references is not intended as inclusive, and I would appreciate learning of other genomic-level sex differences that are independent of SRY-related gonadal/hormonal differentiation, but the following are as a "starting kit"... I. HPRT LEVELS IN PRE-MORULA BLASTOMERES Comment: HPRT is an enzyme related to methylation, a process very important to the expression and/or silencing of gene expression. Epstein, C.J., Travis, B., Tucker, G. and Smith, S. The direct demonstration of an X-chromosome dosage effect prior to inactivation. Basic.Life Sci 12:261-267, 1978. Kratzer, P.G. and Gartler, S.M. Hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase expression in early mouse development. Basic.Life Sci 12:247-260, 1978. Monk, M. and Harper, M. X-chromosome activity in preimplantation mouse embryos from XX and XO mothers. J Embryol.Exp Morphol. 46:53-64, 1978. Monk, M. Biochemical studies on X-chromosome activity in preimplantation mouse embryos. Basic.Life Sci 12:239-246, 1978. Kratzer, P.G. Expression of maternally and embryonically derived hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase (HPRT) activity in mouse eggs and early embryos. Genetics 104:685-698, 1983. Braude, P.R., Monk, M., Pickering, S.J., Cant, A. and Johnson, M.H. Measurement of HPRT activity in the human unfertilized oocyte and pre- embryo. Prenat.Diagn. 9:839-850, 1989. Reid, L.H., Gregg, R.G., Smithies, O. and Koller, B.H. Regulatory elements in the introns of the human HPRT gene are necessary for its expression in embryonic stem cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U.S.A. 87:4299-4303, 1990. II. ALPHOID REPEAT SEQUENCES Comment: Satellite DNA and alphoid repeat sequences are often centromeric and may contribute to nuclear matrix structure and overall cell function. Schmeckpeper, B.J., Scott, A.F. and Smith, K.D. Transcripts homologous to a long repeated DNA element in the human genome. J Biol Chem 259:1218-1225, 1984. Longmire, J.L., Ambrose, R.E., Brown, N.C., Cade, T.J., Maechtle, T.L., Seegar, W.S., Ward, F.P. and White, C.M. Use of sex-linked minisatellite fragments to investigate genetic differentiation and migration of North American populations of the peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus). Experientia Suppl 58:217-229, 1991. Levinson, G., Fields, R.A., Harton, G.L., Palmer, F.T., Maddalena, A., Fugger, E.F. and Schulman, J.D. Reliable gender screening for human preimplantation embryos, using multiple DNA target-sequences. Hum Reprod. 7:1304-1313, 1992. Panicker, S.G. and Singh, L. Banded krait minor satellite (Bkm) contains sex and species-specific repetitive DNA. Chromosoma 103:40-45, 1994. Steuerwald, N., Lambert, H., Steinleitner, A.J. and Herrera, R.J. Gender determination by multiplex PCR amplification of alphoid repeat sequences from single cells. Biotechniques 16:82-84, 1994. III. CHROMO RECOMBINATION, LENGTH, CM DIFFERENCES Comment: The following references are just the tip of the iceberg re sex differences between autosomal chromosomes. Blanche, H., Zoghbi, H.Y., Jabs, E.W., de Gouyon, B., Zunec, R., Dausset, J. and Cann, H.M. A centromere-based genetic map of the short arm of human chromosome 6. Genomics 9:420-428, 1991. Carson, N.L. and Simpson, N.E. A physical map of human chromosome 10 and a comparison with an existing genetic map. Genomics 11:379-388, 1991. Beckmann, J.S., Tomfohrde, J., Barnes, R.I., Williams, M., Broux, O., Richard, I., Weissenbach, J. and Bowcock, A.M. A linkage map of human chromosome 15 with an average resolution of 2 cM and containing 55 polymorphic microsatellites. Hum Mol Genet 2:2019-2030, 1993. Dawson, E., Shaikh, S., Weber, J.L., Wang, Z., Weissenbach, J., Powell, J.F. and Gill, M. A continuous linkage map of 22 short tandem repeat polymorphisms on human chromosome 12. Genomics 17:245-248, 1993. Petrukhin, K.E., Speer, M.C., Cayanis, E., Bonaldo, M.F., Tantravahi, U., Soares, M.B., Fischer, S.G., Warburton, D., Gilliam, T.C. and Ott, J. A microsatellite genetic linkage map of human chromosome 13. Genomics 15:76-85, 1993. Straub, R.E., Speer, M.C., Luo, Y., Rojas, K., Overhauser, J., Ott, J. and Gilliam, T.C. A microsatellite genetic linkage map of human chromosome 18. Genomics 15:48-56, 1993. IV. CHROMO 9 SEX REVERSALS AND SOX 9 Bennett CP et al. Deletion 9p and sex reversal. J Med Genet 30.518-20, 1993. Ebensperger C et al. No evidence of mutations in four candidate genes for male sex determination/differentiation in sex-reversed XY females with compomelic dysplasia. Ann Genet 34.233-8, 1991. Wagner T et al. Autosomal sex reversal and compomelic dysplasia are caused by mutations in and around the SRY-related gene SOX9. Cell 79.1111-20, 1994. V. X,Y RIBOSOMAL PROTEINS DIFFERENCES Fisher EMC et al Homologous ribosomal protein genes on the human X and Y chromosomes: escape from X inactivation and possible implications for Turner syndrome. Cell 63.1205-18, 1990. VI. DIFFERING REPLICATION-TIMING SEQUENCES Teresa comment: I'm amidst re-finding these references within boxed, moved, and gradually unboxed piles of articles, and will forward them soon after they are re-located. MISCELLANY Singer-Sam, J., Chapman, V., LeBon, J.M. and Riggs, A.D. Parental imprinting studied by allele-specific primer extension after PCR: paternal X chromosome-linked genes are transcribed prior to preferential paternal X chromosome inactivation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U.S.A. 89:10469-10473, 1992. Lavedan, C., Hofmann-Radvanyi, H., Rabes, J.P., Roume, J. and Junien, C. Different sex-dependent constraints in CTG length variation as explanation for congenital myotonic dystrophy [letter] [see comments]. Lancet 341:237, 1993. McPhaul, M.J., Herbst, M.A., Matsumine, H., Young, M. and Lephart, E.D. Diverse mechanisms of control of aromatase gene expression. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 44:341-346, 1993. Olaisen, B., Bekkemoen, M., Hoff-Olsen, P. and Gill, P. Human VNTR mutation and sex. Experiential Suppl 67:63-69, 1993. Fisher EM et al. Human sex-chromosome-specific repeats within a region of pseudoautosomal/Yq homology. Genomics 7.625-8 1990. Ellis NA et al. Cloning of PBDX, an MIC2-related gene that spans the pseudoautosomal boundary on chromosome Xp. [see 2nd new paragraph, p398] Nature Genetics 6.394-400. *** *** Very Important *** *** Cremer, T., Kurz, A., Zirbel, R., Dietzel, S., Rinke, B., Schrock, E., Speicher, M.R., Mathieu, U., Jauch, A., Emmerich, P. and et al, Role of chromosome territories in the functional compartmentalization of the cell nucleus. Cold Spring Harb.Symp.Quant.Biol 58:777-792, 1993. VII. VOMERONASAL REFERENCES: 1. Fernandez-Fewell, G.D. and Meredith, M. c-fos expression in vomeronasal pathways of mated or pheromone-stimulated male golden hamsters: contributions from vomeronasal sensory input and expression related to mating performance. J Neurosci. 14:3643-3654, 1994. 2. Johnson, E.W., Eller, P.M. and Jafek, B.W. Calbindin-like immunoreactivity in epithelial cells of the newborn and adult human vomeronasal organ. Brain Res. 638:329-333, 1994. 3. Pfeiffer, C.A. and Johnston, R.E. Hormonal and behavioral responses of male hamsters to females and female odors: roles of olfaction, the vomeronasal system, and sexual experience. Physiol Behav 55:129-138, 1994. 4. Wang, R., Jiang, S. and Gu, R. [Immunohistochemical study of the olfactory mucosa and vomeronasal organ in rat, guinea pig and human fetus]. Chung.Hua.Erh.Pi.Yen.Hou.Ko.Tsa.Chih. 29:23-26, 1994. 5. Boehm, N. and Gasser, B. Sensory receptor-like cells in the human foetal vomeronasal organ. Neuroreport. 4:867-870, 1993. 6. Takami, S., Getchell, M.L., Chen, Y., Monti-Bloch, L., Berliner, D.L., Stensaas, L.J. and Getchell, T.V. Vomeronasal epithelial cells of the adult human express neuron-specific molecules. Neuroreport. 4:375-378, 1993. 7. Johnston, R.E. Vomeronasal and/or olfactory mediation of ultrasonic calling and scent marking by female golden hamsters. Physiol Behav 51:437-448, 1992. 8. Mitchell, J.B. and Gratton, A. Mesolimbic dopamine release elicited by activation of the accessory olfactory system: a high speed chronoamperometric study. Neurosci.Lett. 140:81-84, 1992. 9. Garcia-Velasco, J. and Mondragon, M. The incidence of the vomeronasal organ in 1000 human subjects and its possible clinical significance. J Steroid Biochem.Mol.Biol. 39:561-563, 1991. 10. Monti-Bloch, L. and Grosser, B.I. Effect of putative pheromones on the electrical activity of the human vomeronasal organ and olfactory epithelium. J Steroid Biochem.Mol.Biol. 39:573-582, 1991. 11. Moran, D.T., Jafek, B.W. and Rowley, J.C. The vomeronasal (Jacobson's) organ in man: ultrastructure and frequency of occurrence. J Steroid Biochem.Mol.Biol. 39:545-552, 1991. 12. Stensaas, L.J., Lavker, R.M., Monti-Bloch, L., Grosser, B.I. and Berliner, D.L. Ultrastructure of the human vomeronasal organ. J Steroid Biochem.Mol.Biol. 39:553-560, 1991. 13. Ortmann, R. [The sensory cells of the fetal vomeronasal organ in the human. A contribution to the variability of their differentiation and rudimentary development]. HNO. 37:191-197, 1989. 14. Harrison, D. Preliminary thoughts on the incidence, structure and function of the mammalian vomeronasal organ. Acta Otolaryngol.(Stockh) 103:489-495, 1987. 15. Singer, A.G., Agosta, W.C., Clancy, A.N. and Macrides, F. The chemistry of vomeronasally detected pheromones: characterization of an aphrodisiac protein. Ann.N.Y.Acad.Sci. 519:287-298, 1987. 16. Johns, M.A. The role of the vomeronasal organ in behavioral control of reproduction. Ann.N.Y.Acad.Sci. 474:148-157, 1986. 17. Johnson, A., Josephson, R. and Hawke, M. Clinical and histological evidence for the presence of the vomeronasal (Jacobson's) organ in adult humans. J Otolaryngol. 14:71-79, 1985. 18. Nakashima, T., Kimmelman, C.P. and Snow, J.B. Vomeronasal organs and nerves of Jacobson in the human fetus. Acta Otolaryngol.(Stockh) 99:266-271, 1985. 19. Lehman, M.N. and Winans, S.S. Vomeronasal and olfactory pathways to the amygdala controlling male hamster sexual behavior: autoradiographic and behavioral analyses. Brain Res. 240:27-41, 1982. 20. Porter, R.H. and Moore, J.D. Human kin recognition by olfactory cues. Physiol Behav 27:493-495, 1981. 21. Kreutzer, E.W. and Jafek, B.W. The vomeronasal organ of Jacobson in the human embryo and fetus. Otolaryngol.Head.Neck Surg. 88:119-123, 1980. 22. Wysocki, C.J. Neurobehavioral evidence for the involvement of the vomeronasal system in mammalian reproduction. Neurosci.Biobehav.Rev. 3:301-341, 1979. 23. Keith, L., Draunieks, A. and Krotoszynski, B.K. Olfactory study: human pheromones. Arch.Gynakol. 218:203-204, 1975. 24. Winans, S.S. and Scalia, F. Amygdaloid nucleus: new afferent input from the vomeronasal organ. Science 170:330-332, 1970. From owner-note@net.bio.net Thu Jun 29 23:00:00 1995 Path: biosci!rutgers!uwm.edu!spool.mu.edu!torn!news.ccs.queensu.ca!qucdn!forsdyke Organization: Queen's University at Kingston Date: Fri, 30 Jun 1995 08:59:13 EDT From: Message-ID: <95181.085913FORSDYKE@QUCDN.QueensU.CA> Newsgroups: bionet.journals.note Subject: NEJM won't publish net papers Lines: 22 According to Jack Kapica of today's Globe & Mail, the New England Journnal of Medicine (June 22nd) says it will extend the anti-double-publishing rule, which is generally in effect for the paper literature, to the electronic media This will make it even more difficult for electronic journals to get off the ground. The major problem is no uniform way of citing electronic papers, and the probable refusal of the paper media to agree to cite an electronic publication. The great strength of the paper journals is their scrupulous reviewing process, but there is not reason why electronic papers could not be just as scrupulously reviewed, and carry some mark to indicate this. The great strength of the electronic media is that a contribution of little value takes up a negligible amount of "electronic space", whereas such contr- ibutions overwhelm our libraries and marginally make it more difficult to access the important literature. Sincerely, Don Forsdyke, Discussion Leader, Bionet.journals.note From owner-note@net.bio.net Thu Jun 29 23:00:00 1995 Path: biosci!rutgers!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!torn!news.ccs.queensu.ca!qucdn!forsdyke Organization: Queen's University at Kingston Date: Fri, 30 Jun 1995 09:09:38 EDT From: Message-ID: <95181.090939FORSDYKE@QUCDN.QueensU.CA> Newsgroups: bionet.journals.note Subject: JTB and faster publication? Lines: 34 The Journal of Theoretical Biology has just sent round an advertizing circular proclaiming a "new future" and a "new editor" and "faster publication times". Whether a new editor will make a new future only time will tell. Certainly, the problem with the JTB has not been at the Editorial level. In my experience, there is a publication delay of at least 6 months from the time of acceptance. The reviewing process that precedes this is very thorough and exhaustive and usually very well done. The people chosen are at the tops of their fields and sometimes very busy..so the reviewing process is quite long (6 months not unusual). But, once the acceptance decision has been made, then it is up to the publishers, Academic Press, to get the work out as quickly as possible. With modern publication methods straight from computer disc and FAX transmission of proofs, this should NOT take more than a WEEK! Why is this important? Well, most researchers have some flexibility in their research programs. Each week or so they evaluate what they are doing in the context of the literature that appears at that time. If they could see the accepted literature THEN, not in 6 months time, there could be a substantially different set of research approaches. Who loses? Well, in the biosciences, the cures to cancer, AIDS, schizophrenia are delayed when researchers do exper- ments which they would not havve done, had they know the content of the accepted, but unavailable, literature. Another problem, is that there is a coterie of editors and reviewers who have a 6 month lead on the rest of us, regarding knowledge of what is happening at the "cutting edge". So, welcome, new editor, to the JTB! Priority number one must be to get Academic Press to smarten up. Sincerely, Don Forsdyke, Discussion Leader, Bionet.journals.note From owner-note@net.bio.net Thu Jun 29 23:00:00 1995 Path: biosci!bcm!steffen From: steffen@bcm.tmc.edu (David Steffen) Newsgroups: bionet.journals.note Subject: Re: NEJM won't publish net papers Date: 30 Jun 1995 19:44:51 GMT Organization: Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tx Lines: 55 Message-ID: <3t1k7j$in1@gazette.bcm.tmc.edu> References: <95181.085913FORSDYKE@QUCDN.QueensU.CA> NNTP-Posting-Host: merlin.mbcr.bcm.tmc.edu In article <95181.085913FORSDYKE@QUCDN.QueensU.CA> writes: > According to Jack Kapica of today's Globe & Mail, the New England Journnal > of Medicine (June 22nd) says it will extend the anti-double-publishing rule, > which is generally in effect for the paper literature, to the electronic media > > This will make it even more difficult for electronic journals to get off > the ground. I read the editorial in the NEJM, and come to the opposite conclusion. If an electronic publication is "real" then NEJM is correct; double publishing is double publishing. > The major problem is no uniform way of citing electronic papers, > and the probable refusal of the paper media to agree to cite an electronic > publication. I don't think this follows, and I very much hope it is not true. Refusal to allow an author to pre- or re-publish something electronically is unrelated to the willingness of the journal to accept a reference to something published electronically. > The great strength of the paper journals is their scrupulous reviewing > process, but there is not reason why electronic papers could not be just as > scrupulously reviewed, and carry some mark to indicate this. I completely agree with you on this. I personally am trying to get an electronic publishing venture off the ground, and one property of this publication that I consider essential is an absolutely conventional review process. I anticipate that the ejournal will have a (paid) editor in chief and (paid) associated editors who will assign submissions to their colleagues for review as is done now for paper journals. I expect that all steps in the process will be electronic and hopefully will proceed much more quickly, but this would be the only difference in the review process. > The great strength of the electronic media is that a contribution of little > value takes up a negligible amount of "electronic space", whereas such contr- > ibutions overwhelm our libraries and marginally make it more difficult to > access the important literature. NEJM argued that space is not the problem. The problem is separating the wheat from the chaff. In particular, they commented on a paper by LaPorte et al. (BMJ 1995 310:1387-90) in which the authors proposed a dramatic change in how papers would be reviewed. It was to this that NEJM objected. I agree with you that the "no space constraint" and related searchability benefits imply things about what should and should not be published electronically, but in the interest of clarity, I would like to save that for another discussion. -- David Steffen, Ph.D., President, C/Si Consulting. Adjunct Professor, Department of Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine. Voice: (713) 668-3289. FAX: (713) 668-3453. Email: steffen@bcm.tmc.edu