From owner-plants@net.bio.net Fri Nov 01 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!CUE.BC.CA!aceska From: aceska@CUE.BC.CA (Adolf Ceska) Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: BEN # 148 Date: 2 Nov 1996 08:30:44 -0800 Organization: BIOSCI International Newsgroups for Molecular Biology Lines: 196 Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: world Message-ID: <199611021557.HAA22065@cue.bc.ca> NNTP-Posting-Host: net.bio.net BBBBB EEEEEE NN N ISSN 1188-603X BB B EE NNN N BBBBB EEEEE NN N N BOTANICAL BB B EE NN NN ELECTRONIC BBBBB EEEEEE NN N NEWS No. 148 November 2, 1996 aceska@freenet.victoria.bc.ca Victoria, B.C. ----------------------------------------------------------- Dr. A. Ceska, P.O.Box 8546, Victoria, B.C. Canada V8W 3S2 ----------------------------------------------------------- TWO PLANTS NEW TO THE FLORA OF BRITISH COLUMBIA From: Hans Roemer During field work for the BC Conservation Data Centre this past summer I had the privilege to record occurrences of two vascular species that were new to me and are apparently new to the BC Flora. TRICHOSTEMA OBLONGUM (Labiatae-Lamiaceae) has up to now remained unmentioned in the provincial botanical literature. Hitchcock and Cronquist (1973) give the range of this plant as "Wn and adj Ida to Cal and W Nev". Trichostema oblongum Benth. is a small, annual member of the mint family (Lamiaceae) with strongly aromatic, oval leaves and small blue flowers in the leaf axils. Distinctive fea- tures of the plant are the odd upward bend of the flower and the bundled style and filaments arching over the corolla from the back. Our plants were only 2.5 to 5 cm tall at flowering time. Collections and photographs of this species were ob- tained by Ron Walker and myself on July 12, 1996, ca. 10 km west of Castlegar. The habitat was a vernally moist site within a large, south-facing forest opening caused by shallow soils over bedrock. Trichostema grew in a carpet of moss (Aulacomnium androgynum) together with scattered Cystopteris fragilis, Juncus cf. bufonius, Perideridia gairdneri, Dodecatheon pulchellum, Deschampsia danthonioides, Mimulus guttatus, Orobanche uniflora, Lomatium spp., etc. Other rare species in the same opening, but not directly associated with Trichostema were Heterocodon rariflorum, Mimulus breweri, Botrychium simplex and an as yet unidentified terrestrial Isoetes. ERIGERON OCHROLEUCUS VAR. SCRIBNERI (Compositae-Asteraceae) was reported by Henry (1915) to occur in British Columbia. However, "no collections are known to date" (Douglas, 1989). Douglas included this taxon in his treatment of the As- teraceae of BC as "yet to be collected in British Columbia", as it is known from several stations just east of the BC/Alberta border (Douglas, 1995). Erigeron ochroleucus Nutt. is a linear-leaved, smallish fleabane (our specimens ca. 8 cm tall) with short, grayish foliage, a single, large head, and woolly involucral bracts. The short ray flowers are variably light coloured (in our specimens light blue). Our plants belong to var. scribneri (Rydb.) Cronq. Jenifer Penny and I collected this plant in the Rocky Mountains on the south- and southeast-facing slopes of Mt. Gass between 2300 and 2500 m elevation. The plants were consistently found on wind-exposed, stony limestone slopes bearing only a short, discontinuous cover of vegeta- tion. Associated species on these dry sites were primarily Dryas octopetala and Kobresia myosuroides, sometimes also Erigeron grandiflorus, Townsendia parryi, Oxytropis sericea, and Antennaria alpina. Any information on these two species from British Columbia would be appreciated by the author or the BC Conservation Data Centre . NOVEMBER 1 -- TODAY IN THE HISTORICAL SCIENCES From: DARWIN@iris.uncg.edu Reply to: darwin-l@raven.cc.ukans.edu 1793: JOHANN FRIEDRICH ESCHSCHOLTZ is born at Dorpat, now Tartu, Estonia. Following education at Dorpat University, now Tartu University, Eschscholtz will serve as naturalist and physician on Kotzebue's voyages around the world from 1815 to 1818. His specimens from the voyage will be given to Dorpat University, and he will become curator of the Dorpat zoological collections in 1822. 1880: ALFRED LOTHAR WEGENER is born in Berlin. In 1912 he will read a paper titled "Die Herausbildung der Grossformen der Erdrinde (Kontinente und Ozeane) auf geophysikalischer Grundlage" ["The geophysical basis of the evolution of large- scale features of the earth's crust"] before the Geological Association of Frankfurt am Main. It will be expanded in 1915 into "Die Entstehung der Kontinente und Ozeane" ["The Origin of Continents and Oceans"], the first comprehensive account of the theory of continental drift. On this day in 1930, his fiftieth birthday, while on an expedition to Greenland, Wegener will leave his base camp for the western coast and will not be seen again. Today in the Historical Sciences is a feature of Darwin-L, an international network discussion group on the history and theory of the historical sciences. Send the message INFO DARWIN-L to listserv@raven.cc.ukans.edu or connect to the Darwin-L Web Server (http://rjohara.uncg.edu) for more information. UPROAR ON THE LICHENS-L DISCUSSION LIST AND REQUEST FOR SUPPORT From: "Professor David Richardson, Dean of Science" I received a note from Sylvia Sharnoff thanking me and others in the lichen discussion group for help on her National Geographic article. She asked me whether we could give her some more and urgent help. As many of you know Steve and Sylvia Sharnoff are collaborating with Ernie Brodo to produce a richly colour- illustrated book on Lichens of North America. Sylvia writes: The Middle Management of the Canadian Museum of Nature have declared that guidebooks must be fully funded from outside sources and have forbidden Ernie to finish it except on his own time. They have also cut contract nego- tiations with Yale University Press. Ernie will be meeting the Interim President of the museum Mr Colin Eades on November 7th. Between now and then we need to generate as much support as possible. If you are willing, Please E mail or send a letter of support to: Mr Colin Eades fax 613-354-4020 From: "Brodo, Irwin" Request for funding for "Lichens of North America" For the past three and a half years, Irwin M. Brodo of the Canadian Museum of Nature (CMN) has been working with California photographer/lichenologists Steve and Sylvia Sharnoff on a popular, illustrated guide to the lichens of North America. The plan is to produce a treatment of 790 illustrated macro- and microlichens, with comparative notes on many others. Descrip- tions, keys and distribution maps would be provided for each illustrated species. Introductory chapters would cover morphol- ogy, chemistry, phytogeography, uses, methods for lichen study, and basic classification. The CMN policy regarding the production of guidebooks, requires researchers to completely fund such projects from outside sources to cover all operational and labour costs (i.e., includ- ing salaries of all staff working on the book). In the case of the "Lichens of North America" project, the remaining work is estimated to cost CAN$53,540 (ca. US$40,000). Work on the book may not proceed until the complete funding is in place. At this point, all the photography has been completed and the photographs selected. The introductory chapters are in 1st draft stage (130 pages). Species treatments are complete for 219 species, and the writing of keys has begun. Data for almost all the distribution maps have been gathered, and final maps have been drawn for ca. 260 species. It is estimated that about nine months of additional work is needed to complete the manuscript. Donors or supporters will, of course, be acknowledged in the book. Anyone knowing of potential sources of funding is urged to contact the museum's Grants Officer, Ms. Martha Johnson, Canadian Museum of Nature, P.O. Box 3443, Station 'D', Ottawa, Ontario K1P 6P4, with a copy to Irwin Brodo, Research Division, at the same address. From: Darrell Wright Lichen students the world over are groaning at the decision of the Canadian Museum of Nature to withdraw support for Dr. Brodo's efforts to bring The Lichens of North America book to publication. It is particularly needed at this time as a tool for conservationists who, with the help of excellent materials like this, will eventually be able to obtain regulatory protec- tion for these remarkable organisms. It would be a first class tribute to the Canadian Museum of Nature to help with its publi- cation. Please ensure that the Museum supports this effort. Darrell Wright Bulletin of the California Lichen Society ---------------------------------------------------------------- Submissions, subscriptions, etc.: aceska@freenet.victoria.bc.ca BEN is archived on gopher freenet.victoria.bc.ca. The URL is: gopher://freenet.victoria.bc.ca:70/11/environment/Botany/ben Also archived at http://www.ou.edu/cas/botany-micro/ben/ ________________________________________________________________ From owner-plants@net.bio.net Fri Nov 01 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!bcm.tmc.edu!news.msfc.nasa.gov!newsfeed.internetmci.com!in1.uu.net!ott.istar!istar.net!van.istar!west.istar!news-w.ans.net!newsfeeds.ans.net!lantana.singnet.com.sg!violet.singnet.com.sg!newsvr.cyberway.com.sg!newsadmin@cyberway.com.sg From: J Loh Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: plant promoters Date: Sat, 02 Nov 1996 17:49:38 +0000 Organization: Pre-installed Company Lines: 8 Message-ID: <327B89B2.4E22@cyberway.com.sg> NNTP-Posting-Host: d5050.ppp5.cyberway.com.sg Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Mailer: Mozilla 2.01KIT (Win95; I) Hi! I'm a postgrad student looking for plant promoters to use in a construct. I have CaMV35S promoter but would like to try others as a comparison. Any suggestions? It should preferably be constitutive for expression in all parts of plant and applicable for a variety of plants as well i.e. not specific for only one species of plant. I'm trying to find an alternative to CaMV35S that is comparable if not superior in performance. Thanks. From owner-plants@net.bio.net Fri Nov 01 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!agate!howland.erols.net!news-peer.gsl.net!news.gsl.net!portc01.blue.aol.com!newstf01.news.aol.com!newsbf02.news.aol.com!not-for-mail From: brateaver@aol.com (BRateaver) Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: Re: Stomatal regulation in CAM plants Date: 2 Nov 1996 01:01:06 -0500 Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364) Lines: 4 Sender: root@newsbf02.news.aol.com Message-ID: <55eo32$rfp@newsbf02.news.aol.com> References: NNTP-Posting-Host: newsbf02.mail.aol.com X-Newsreader: AOL Offline Reader Look in the book, 5th ed of Biology of Plants by Raven, Evert and Eichhorn, pg 617-618, pg 620 B. Rateaver From owner-plants@net.bio.net Fri Nov 01 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!agate!howland.erols.net!news.sprintlink.net!news-peer.sprintlink.net!news.sprintlink.net!news-pull.sprintlink.net!news.sprintlink.net!news-dc-10.sprintlink.net!news.socketis.net!news From: annedwards@sockets.net (ann edwards) Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: Re: houseplants and cat? Date: 2 Nov 1996 01:29:03 GMT Organization: SOCKET Internet Services INN Site Lines: 11 Message-ID: <55e84v$agu@news.sockets.net> References: <559fec$16i@newsbf02.news.aol.com> NNTP-Posting-Host: co035.socketis.net Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: Text/Plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Newsreader: WinVN 0.99.5 In article <559fec$16i@newsbf02.news.aol.com>, luminetta@aol.com says... > >Try hanging plants! Seriously, I have one cat that loves to eat anything >that looks remotely like grass so I would suggest staying away from long >leafy plants. What I would try first are succulents (i.e. cacti and jade >plants). Good luck! \ Try growing something grassy for your cat. A small pot of grass, oat grass, or even a chia pet will suit the cat better than tougher houseplants. From owner-plants@net.bio.net Fri Nov 01 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!bcm.tmc.edu!cs.utexas.edu!www.nntp.primenet.com!nntp.primenet.com!news.sprintlink.net!news-peer.sprintlink.net!uunet!in2.uu.net!news.iij.ad.jp!nr1.scn.co.jp!sinfony-news!wnoc-tyo-news!infoweb-news!news.osaka.infoweb.or.jp!news.sannet.or.jp!ppp41!ten From: ten@sannet.or.jp (Masayuki Amagai) Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: Where in the info about apomixis? Date: Sat, 02 Nov 1996 10:41:33 +0900 Organization: SANNET Lines: 9 Message-ID: NNTP-Posting-Host: ppp41.max2.gunma.sannet.or.jp Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-2022-jp X-Newsreader: NewsWatcher-J 2.0J16 Hi! I am trying to study about the apomixis in the Allium,tubersom. Please tell me where to get the info about the moleculer genetical reports about the plant apomixis. Thanks a lot for your any response! ten@sannet .or.jp Tochigi Prefectural Agr.Exp.Sta. Department of Plant Biotecnology From owner-plants@net.bio.net Fri Nov 01 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!bcm.tmc.edu!cs.utexas.edu!news.sprintlink.net!news-peer.sprintlink.net!news.sprintlink.net!news-pull.sprintlink.net!news.sprintlink.net!news-fw-22.sprintlink.net!news.ltec.net!news-admin From: mk95528@navix.net (mk95528) Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: ALL ABOUT MARIHUANA Date: Sat, 02 Nov 1996 17:16:27 GMT Organization: MARGIE'S ENTERPRISES Lines: 646 Message-ID: <3280757e.11793715@news.navix.net> NNTP-Posting-Host: xyp74p16.ltec.net Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Newsreader: Forte Agent .99f/16.299 ALL ABOUT MARIHUANA New and lurid words are no mystery to those who invent them. What are gates, reefers, greeters, muggles, mooters, Indian-hay or goof-butts? And just what is marihuana only the last is in Webster, but all these words are known to millions. This gutter jargon of New Orleans and New York is merely a crop of new words for a very old plant, long and correctly known as Indian hemp. It was even properly christened, by Linnaeus, in 1753 as Cannabis sativa. But few ever heard of Cannabis or Indian hemp, although the Greeks had a word for it—and so did the Persians, Arabs, Hindus, and Chinese. In whatever language, the words an apply to a single species of Plant—a tall, decidedly weedy annual herb, first cousin to the fig tree and the hop, and having more than a bowing acquaintance with the stinging nettle. But botanical affinities matter less than what the plant has meant to uncounted millions. For every race and creed from ancient China to Harlem, has used it in some form. Before the current crop of slang, the literate knew, perhaps a little vaguely, that hashish came from Indian hemp, but few cormected hashish with marihuana, and no wonder. For the latter is a Mexican-Spanish word first used for a poor grade of tobacco, only later—and much more widely—applied to this plant which antedates Greece or Rome. When the Indian hemp, under its new name of marihuana, appeared in Texas and New Orleans, it immediately sprang into prominence because of the vituperation poured upon it. It would have been an old story to the Hindus, the Chinese, and the Narcotics Commission of the United Nations. They knew, as we did not, that the history of Indian hemp goes back three thousand years before Christ, and that the plant has survived all wars, many famines, and every attempt to exterminate it—even our own. The plant has suffered more from its friends than its enemies. One of its greatest exponents has left his name fantastically linked with one of the chief products of Indian hemp—hashish. The story is a bit legendary, for it deals with the time just before the First Crusade. And it is not very pretty, for its hero was neither gentle nor polite, nor Christian, and almost certainly he could not read. Such handicaps mattered less then than now, and any story of marihuana would be no story at all without him. The Old Man of the Mountain Far below lay the frozen sea of a salt desert, terrible by day, but soon to be drowned in the opalescent splendor of moonlight. Long shadows were already creeping up the side of the fortress as Hasan-i-Sabbah made Alumut safe for the night—safe, if a fortress can be by merely bolting the door. Quiet reigned within, but not peace, for the peace of Allah does not come readily to the uneasy. And to Hasan and his band of fanatics much had happened and was to happen. They were, of course, brave men. No others could have taken this mountain fortress, so near Baghdad and Basra. Why be uneasy? Had they not won a haven just where Hasan wanted it, right on the caravan route to Mecca? And wasn't there a beautiful mosque nearby, built by the great Haroun al-Raschid? Even before Mecca became a shrine the caravans from the magical east passed close by, the long strings of camels plowing through the frosty blindness of the desert. But Hasan was uneasy and so were the more specuative of his followers. They had no fear of the desert, or of mountains still higher than Alamut. Had they not been born in faroff Khurasan, close up to the immensity of the Himalayas? And hadn't all of them roamed the awful desert between, where nothing grows in the salt sand but tamarisk and the manna bush? Perhaps they scarcely knew why they were uneasy, but they should have known. For into that fortress they carried, with their courage and their arms, something far more serious than weapons—an idea. Now, ideas are apt to be dangerous, especially to fierce men who, like Hasan, have long known the peace of the mountains and the isolation of the desert. Not the kindly sands of Arabia or Morocco, but the blinding salt sands where the date palm grows only in the oases, and the bleached bones of camels mark the track. Hasan knew this desert perfectly, knew its curious crescent shaped ripples and dunes, and the storms of dust for weeks on end. And upon this desert, in the year 1090, came his idea. At first it was wholly religious. Like all good Moslems he had fumed at the dominance of Arabian and Turkish caliphs. And he would have naught to do with those weak Moslems who followed Fatima, or worse still, the bastard spawn of those caliphs who succeeded Mahomet. Already the Moslem world was split by these sects. But Hasan decided there was room for another, and he founded one dedicated to his idea. This split the Moslem world so that the Christians won Jerusalem on their first crusade, which happened to coincide with the rise of Hasan. While the Christians couldn't keep the Holy City, they carried back to Europe a host of Moslem lore. Only three concern us here. one was the brand-new -idea of Hasan's which was secret assassination. The second was the name of his band—the Assassins, a term unknown before that. The third was the product of a strange plant from China or India, which was hashish. Many, including Marco Polo, have implied that Hasan's technique of secret murder could only have been accomplished by men well stoked with hashish.. But this ignores the fact that Hasan invented the method A from the loftiest motives—to purge the Moslem world of false prophets. He did considerable purging until Genghis Khan killed off twelve thousand of the Assassins in one session, toward the end of the thirteenth century. Long before that, when Hasan was in his prime, his most dastardly deed was the secret murder of his friend Nizam-al-Mulk. That the latter was educated, a statesman and author, a founder of observatories, hospitals, and universities, did not spare him from the Assassins who, to make doubly sure, subsequently murdered his son. At this late date it may be impossible to separate fact from fiction. It does seem reasonably certain that the it terms Assassin and hashish are either derived from or are corruptions of Hasan's full name, which was Hashishin. He is, with a little more certainty, credited with being the Old Man of the Mountain. There we must leave him, with the reservation that the connection between hashish, assassin, and the wicked Hasan seems to be more than an etymological accident. The evil reputation of hashish was fanned by lurid tales of the Assassins. They were credited with decorating their revolting deeds of atrocity with the debauchery assumed to be inherent in hemp. It is this, fortified many years after by the effusions of Baudelaire, Gautier, Dumas, not to mention our own Bayard Taylor, and Fitz Hugh Ludlow, that have made hemp a symbol of sin. Is it necessarily and always so? For centuries before basal and ever since, the plant has been used by unounted millions. They find it a very pleasant assassin ndeed, for it kills care, gloom, and apprehension. They think of it—and many of them are by no means ignorant—as the least harmful flight from reality. Naturally they have little patience with those, usually knowing Far less, who are only able to make of hemp some monster of evil. Where the truth lies depends a little on some imponderables. While Hasan was holding his fortress, long caravanspassed below it, laden with the spoils of the East. They were then near the end of an all but incredible journey, having survived the passes of Afghanistan, the frozen steppes of Pamir, and the salty deserts of Transcaspia. If Allah were good, and only the sanctioned prayers were omitted, they would soon be in Baghdad, unpacking their fantastic freight. To Baghdad nothing was improbable. Ever since its founding, had it not been the very threshold of Asia, the last remote outpost of Europe? Marco Polo had not yet told his tales about it, but when he did they turned out to be no more fantastic than the facts. Center of the luxury and teaming of the Moslem world, it was a princely city, fabulously rich, the very navel of the Arabian Nights. But, like Hasan, it lacked peace, and was ripe for any messenger who brought it. Such a messenger arrived one day, very long ago, just when will probably never be known, and perhaps it does not matter. His message, to a population to whom Mahomet had forbidden wine, was one of the most welcome in the world. What he brought was a little packet of rather crumbling, blackish-yellow resin, magical beyond the dreams of Allah. It was far more potent than our marihuana for it was hashish, derived from Indian hemp, and it came almost certainly from beyond the Himalayas. To Moslems no song of India was so sweet. To understand why, and to appreciate why it has since gone around the world, we must go back to China, very far back, where hemp was used centuries before the Christian era. Males and Females The ancient Chinese, especially the Emperor Shen Nung, were startlingly modern about drugs and medicines. They gave us ephedrine, which they called mahuang, and about 2737 B.C. Nung wrote a pharmacy book. In it he was far more observant about Indian hemp, knew its love life, and had more understanding about its use than, most of us. Today only a handful of botanists know that Cannabis sativa grows in two forms. One is a tall and comparatively colorless male plant, which yields in its stem a cordage fiber known as hemp. The other, and shorter form of the hemp plant, is the quite dynamic female. It never bears male flowers, but among the female clusters there lurks a resin which has worried some and pleased others ever since an inquisitive native first discovered its extraordinary properties. No one knows when that was, but it must have been long before the intelligent Shen Nung wrote his pharmacopoeia. He seems to have guessed that female Indian hemp was destined to bring a kind of euphoric happiness to countless millions from that day to this. This troubled him, for China, even then, had its stern moralists. To them, as to so many today, to be a little happy is suspect, and to be very happy is quite certainly sinful. Hence they were soon calling this resinous female the "Liberator of Sin." There seems little need for those ancient Chinese to have smirched female hemp with its first recorded stigma. For they could easily have grown only the males plants and hence produced more rope than sin. What females they did grow, however, were mostly devoted to producing a medicine which we still use. Shen Nung prescribed this for "female weakness, gout, rheumatism, malaria, beri-beri, constipation, and absent-mindedness." Today, after five thousand years of trial and error, modern medicine confines its use "to relieve pain, especially headache, encourage sleep and to soothe restlessness." The drug, known to doctors as Cannabis indica, is produced exactly as it was in ancient China, for our pharmacopoeia says it must come from the "dried flowering tops of the distillate (female) plants of Cannabis sativa. Centuries after the Chinese were calling the female of Indian hemp "The Delight Giver," the plant crept into India. It was certainly known there before 800 B.C., but where it acquired the name "Indian" hemp will probably never be known. Dr. W. H. Camp of the University of Connecticut points out that it was not originally wild there, and it may never be possible to say where it first grew. There is some evidence that it originated in Pamir. This is near enough to Hasan's fortress so that science may yet bolster medieval surmises as to the origin of the term hashish. Regardless of hemp's nativity, it is the history of India that reveals the real story of the plant. The kaleidoscopic facets of its culture, use, and abuse, together with a close intertwining of religion and philosophy, are recorded in everything from the Vedas to a modern bazaar. In India the culture of hemp became almost a science and its use very close to epicurean. Actually, growing male and female hemp plants is no mystery. To produce seed the sexes must be grown in sufficient proximity so that reproduction may be given a chance. Pollination is easy, for it depends upon the wind. All males, except those grown for fiber, or needed for fertilization, are cut down. For it is only the female flower cluster that produces enough resin to be beguiling, and quite special skills have been developed to promote its secretion. When fully ripe, and in the presence of great heat, the female flower clusters, and even the top of the plant, are covered by a sticky golden yellow resin, with an odor not unlike mint. Yellow at first, it ultimately turns blackish. It is this which contains that distillation of nature which disturbed the Chinese moralists, while the more tolerant and thoughtful Hindus called it "The Heavenly Guide," "Poor Man's Heaven," and the "Soother of Grief." The plant can be grown in any region with hot summers. This sticly resin, closely allied to the substance on hops which makes beer a little soporific, is so precious that growers have made its horticulture and harvesting almost as fantastic as the effects of hashish itself. In Nepal, where the finest hemp was formerly grown, the plants were set out in long rows, spaced so that mature flowering tops would just touch. Some resin develops even before the tiny greenish flowers are ready to bloom. To prevent its loss would be easy by simply cutting off the tops of such precocious plants. But that would mean losing the resin of the main crop. To overcome this.dilemma, and capture all the resin, completely naked men and wemon were driven at intervals pell-mell through the hot steaming rows of hemp, and what stuck to them was scraped off. If this seems a little exhausting, under a tropical sun, it was scarcely improved by the fact that the workers were forced to thrash their arms about so that every inch from the waist up would have its dinging coat of resin. These amenities of hemp culture seem to have developed at least the rudimentary germs of hygiene, for later on the naked runners were made to catch the resin on large leather aprons. But even this refinement did not satisfy the more fastidious Hindus who demanded a product a little less mixed with the effluvia of the workers. And so something like modern methods of collection became general. Resin is now coaxed out of the cut flower clusters with all the care that the most finical could demand. Spread between snowy cheesecloth, it is pressed out and then scraped off the coth. This resin, wrung from the reluctant females with so much care, is the pure quintessence of the Indian hemp, known for centuries to the Hindus as charas (also churus, or churrus). Ever since the days of Hasan we know it only as hashish. Bhang and Garija So potent is hashish that its continued and excessive use leads straight to the lunatic asylum, as some believe it did for Baudelaire. But since he also suffered from syphilis, hemp may have an alibi in his case. But not in many others, for hashish is admittedly dangerous. It is also so expensive that only the rich and debauched can afford it. If it were the only hemp product, its use would be confined to this minority. But Nature and man's ingenuity have provided far cheaper and safer flights from reality than hashish; it is these that have sent hemp all over the world. Two other hemp products seem, in comparison to charas, absurdly easy to produce. Uncultivated or dooryard plants are cut without extracting the resin and from the cut tops a decoction in milk or water is brewed. This is the celebrated bhang of India. When tobacco pipes were brought from the New World, bhang was of ten dried and smoked, in which form it is a little more potent than as an infusion. Bhang is about the cheapest method of using hemp, and is still scorned by all but the very poorest in India. It is, under the name of marihuana, practically the only hemp product used in America. To the more reflective Hindu, bhang is a crude substitute, a little like the difference between flat beer and fine old bourbon. Hindus have known a finer product for centunes. Somewhere in the early history of hemp, they set out to find something better than bhang. Very carefully selected plants were cultivated and their tops harvested. The quality and amount of the resin is much greater than in bhang, and to this improved product the term gala was applied. The word is known throughout the world, except in America where we seem to be content with the second-rate bhang. Ganja is so much better than bhang that its use became popular with everyone except those who could only afford the cheaper product. It, too, is made into an infusion, but more generally smoked; and it enters into a lot of popular feminine sweetmeats—delectable dainties generally known as majun or maroon Ganja palaces sprang up in Calcutta and Bombay, every bazaar sold it, the government finally taxed it, and its use spread, westward. It crept along both sides of the Mediterranean and ultimately reached Paris, where, however, hashish (charas) was preferred by the coterie of writers who first became articulate about hemp to the modern world. Their reputation for excess and their ecstatic praise of hashish, quite as much as modern American propaganda against marihuana, inevitably led to anxious inquiry it into the "morals" of hemp. Before attempting to answer the moral question, it is only fair to try and understand the motives of those responsible for the present perfection of hemp products. For centuries nearly every system of Indian philosophy or religion is inextricably bound up with Indian hemp. At least sixteen hundred years ago cultivated Hindus set out to explore the emotional and fantastical properties of hemp. Nothing that has happened since has improved upon those researches, although we do know a little more about the chemistry of the various products. Their object was to produce some flight Tom reality, less harmful than most others, and to produce an eflect different from any other. It is scarcely surprising that such a quest should arouse violent and emotional thinking, especially in America. The worst possible interpretation was heaped upon it by those who think of hemp only in terms of "vice." one Pacific Coast publishing company went to town on the subject. And even some men of science came perilously near to substituting emotion for thought. Dr. Robert P. Walton's book on marihuana has the first three chapters devoted only to this phase of the long saga of hemp. To those who prefer to let judgment wait upon evidence, let us attempt a dispassionate appraisal of the Indian hemp. And because it will make that appraisal somewhat easier to follow, it is well to recapitulate: #Indian Hemp: Named Cannabis sativa by Linnaeus in 1753. A tall, annual weedy herb; the male and female flowers on separate plants. Stems of the male plants yield hemp. The resinous exudation from the female flower clusters, and from the tops of female plants, yield the various products below. The plant is often called simply hemp. #Bhang: A decoction or a smoking mixture derived from the cut tops of uncultivated female plants. The resin content is usually low. Sometimes the word bhang is also a applied to these inferior plants. #Marijuana: A Mexican-Spanish name for bhang. The term was originally confined to Mexico, and is the only one used for Indian hemp in America, except the vernacular of the streets. #Ganja: A specially cultivated and harvested grade of the female plants of Indian hemp. The tops are cut and used in making smoking mixtures, beverages, and sweetmeats without extraction of the resin. The plants grown for ganja} which was a licensed agricultural industry in India, are those from which it is derived. #Charas (also called churns or churrus): The pure, unadul terated resin from the tops of the finest female plants of Indian hemp, usually those grown for ganja. But in charas the resin is always extracted. It is known to us only by the name of hashish, and from it is derived the drug known as Cannabis indica. There are hundreds of other terms for hemp, in all languages. Pedantry could dig up scores from almost any reference book, but these few are all that are necessary to discuss the question of addiction, and of whether or not hemp is really dangerous; to determine whether or not this undeniable assassin of care, gloom, and apprehension is tied up with crime and vice. Concerning the effects of no other plant is there such a mass of written evidence, and the most important of this.originated with the English. At Simla, in 1894, there was published the Report of the Indian Hemp Drug Commission, in seven volumes comprising over 3,000 pages. This will probably always be the classic work on hemp. The inquiry, which lasted nearly two years, was carried through with typical British impartiality. They found teeming millions growing the plants, smuggling of charas was rife, and the licensed dealers in ganja were evading the tax. But far more important than these administrative details, the commission, after meticulous examination of eight hundred doctors, coolies, yogis, fakirs, heads of lunatic asylums, bhang peasants, tax gatherers, smugglers, army officers, hemp dealers, ganja palace operators, and the clergy, admitted three things: 1. Cohere is no evidence of any weight regarding mental and moral injuries from the moderate use of these drugs. 2. Large numbers of practitioners of long experience have seen no evidence of any connection between the moderate use of hemp drugs and disease. 3. "Moderation does not lead to excess in hemp any more than it does in alcohol. Regular, moderate use of ganja or bhang produces the same effects as moderate and regular doses of whiskey. Excess is confined to the idle and dissipated." What the report didn't say, and what some Indians thought was the real motive for the inquiry, was that the cost of hemp products, except charas, was one-twentieth that of good Scotch whiskey, from which a large tax revenue was derived. The commission's proposal to tax bhang was, however, abandoned. Practically, it would amount to our attempts to tax moonshiners if they were as common all over the country as they are in the Tennesee mountains. One of the commissioners, invited by the Englishmen to sit with them, a certain Oxford graduate, Raja Soshi Sikhareswar Roy, objected to the proposed tax on grounds that would raise only an incredulous smile at the U.S. Treasury. His argument was that Moslem law and Hindu custom forbade "taxing anything that gave pleasure to the poor. So do the Vedas." More recent evidence on the effects of hemp has been collected by Professor Walton. He concludes that "the development of any specific fundamental organic change resulting from the chronic use of these drugs has yet to be demonstrated." That was written in 1938. Still more recent and a much more complete study of the "marihuana problem was issued by the New York Academy of Medicine at the request of the mayor of New York. That report, issued in 1944, is an exhaustive study of the medical, sociological and addiction problems of marihuana by a corps of experts. It is not without significance that their conclusions are almost precisely similar to those of the Indian Hemp Drug Commission issued fifty years ago. The Academy's main points may be briefly summarized thus: 1. Smoking marihuana does not lead directly to mental or physical deterioration. 2. The habitual smoker knows when to stop, as excessive doses reverse its usually pleasant effects. 3. Marihuana does not lead to addiction (in the medical sense) and while it is naturally habit forming, its withdrawal does not lead to the horrible withdrawal symptoms of the opiates. 4. No deaths have ever been recorded that can be ascribed to marihuana. 5. Marihuana is not a direct causal factor in sexual or criminal misconduct. 6. Juvenile delinquency is not caused by marihuana smoking, although they are sometimes associated. 7. "The publicity concerning the catastrophic effects of marijuana smoking in New York is unfounded." 8. It is more of a nuisance than a menace. Only a year before this, Colonel J. M. Phalen, editor of the Military Surgeon, in response to frightened inquiries about our soldiers using marihuana in Panama, headed his editorial, "The Marihuana Bugaboo." He wrote, in part, "that the smoking of the leaves, I flowers and seeds of Cannabis sativa is no more harmful than the smoking of tobacco or mullein or sumac leaves." He then went on to warn the anxious that "the legislation in relation to marihuana was ill-advised it branded as a menace and a crime a matter of trivial importance." The uproar over these two reports was prodigious. Harried feature writers for the newspapers and magazines saw one of their most juicy and lurid topics snatched away from them-if the Colonel and the Academy were right. Gone were the linking of marihuana with sex perversion, gang wars, rape, theft, murder, juvenile delinquency and whatever sensational nonsense they could dream up. Even the staid Journal of the American Medical Association hurled a few invectives at the Academy warning that "Public Officials will do well to disregard this unscientific study and continue to regard marihuana as a menace wherever it is purveyed." We have done so ever since, and Mr. Anslinger, former U. S. Commissioner of Narcotics, in his book, The Traffic in Narcotics, issued in 1953, writes of the Academy's report, "The Bureau immediately detected the superficiality and hollowness of its findings and denounced it." Where the error appears to lurk is that marihuana smoking by weak and maladjusted youths is sometimes or even often associated with crime, but not the cause of it. Mental and spiritual maladjustment, neurotic or psychopathic individuals, poverty, over-crowding and the slum conditions of Negroes and Puerto Ricans in Harlem provide an ideal environment for nursing crime. And the Academy found that a large proportion of marihuana smokers were Negroes or Puerto Ricans. They also found that a lot of smokers were perfectly respectable individuals who, through boredom, wanted to become "high," preferably in one of their "tea-pads" which in some cases are reasonably innocent if rather crude clubs. They almost never mix hard liquor with marihuana as alcohol tends to destroy the effects of the drug. As to being a sex-excitant, marihuana appears to be just the reverse. These denizens of "tea-pads" appear to know this quite well. If they had ever heard of Theophile Gautier, the most literate hashish-eater in the world, they would heartily agree with his statement, "A hashish-eater would not lift a finger for the most beautiful maiden in Verona." But the marihuana problem still plagues us. Reformers listen less to unpalatable facts than to their inner |urge to justify their quite often ignorant zeal. It is thus, in spite of the evidence, as difficult to curb reformers as to pull up all hemp. They keep harking back to the past, especially to Fitz Hugh Ludlow and Bayard Taylor. "The Lullaby of Hell" Fitz Hugh Ludlow, friend of Mark Twain, used hashish for years and wrote a book about it. He there quotes the phrase which titles this section. It was bequeathed to him by a couple of fiends conjured up during one of his protracted bouts of hashish-eating. Similar and more awful terrors are strewn through the literature of hashish, from a Hindu who wrote in the first century of our era to the effusions of Gautier, Baudelaire, Dumas, and the clique that formed "Le Club des Hachichins" in Paris of the 1850's. Such distortions have little to do with the age-old moderate use of hemp, for hashish is a dangerous drug to whose-excessive addiction only the dissipated or debauched are devoted. It is quite otherwise with bhang and ganja. Statistically, it might be proved that the ganja-using Orient is not particularly crowded with lunatics; in this country the much berated marihuana has not noticeably filled our asylums. What hemp offers as a flight from reality is best understood from those who use it. One of them, writing very long ago, put the matter clearly: To the Hindu the hemp plant is holy. A guardian lives in the bhang leaf... To see in a dream the leaves, plant or water of bhang is lucky... A longing for bhang foretells happiness...It cures dysentery and sunstroke, clears phlegm, quickens digestion, sharpens appetite, makes the tongue of the lisper plain, freshens the intellect, and gives alertness to the body and gaity to the mind. Such are the useful and needful ends for which in his goodness the Al-mighty made bhang...It is inevitable that temperaments should be found to whom the quickening spirit of bhang is the spirit of freedom and knowledge. In the ecstasy of bhang the spark of the Eternal in man turns into light the murkiness of matter... Bhang is the Joy-Giver, the Sky-Flier, the Heavenly Guide, the Poor Man's Heaven, the Soother of Grief.... No god or man is as good as the religious drinker of bhang. The students of the scriptures at Benares are given it before they sit to study. At Benares, Ujjain and other holy places, yogis, bairagis and sanyasis take deep draughts of bhang that they may center their thoughts on the Eternal... By the help of bhang ascetics pass days without food or drink. The supporting power of bhang has brought many a Hindu family safe through the miseries of famine. To forbid or even seriously to restrict the use of so holy and gracious an herb as the hemp would cause widespread suffering and annoyance and to large bands of worshipped ascetics deep-seated anger. It would rob the people of a solace in discomfort, of a cure in sickness, of a guardian whose gracious protection saves them from the attacks of evil influences... So grand a result, so tiny a sin. A somewhat different interpretation, obviously more in harmony with American marihuana reformers, is quoted by Oman. He cites a missionary whose Christian zeal prompted him to write, "A great number of Hindu Saints [sic] live in a perpetual state of intoxication, and call this stupefaction, which arises from smoking intoxicating herbs, fixing the mind on God." To the modern man, perhaps disenchanted with the impact of reality, such ecclesiastical quibbling merely befogs the issue. He may wonder how four hundred million people can be wrong for such a long time. It is, of course, impossible to describe a sensation if one has never felt it, any more than one can be really lucid about the odor of a perfume. But in spite of the essential futility of words, millions have been written on the effects of hemp. From among those who have used the plant, one of the better attempts at description is by Bayard Taylor, the translator of Faust. Mostly in a spirit of inquiry and to relieve his curiosity, he decided to try hashish. He wrote: The sensations it then produced were those, physically, of exquisite lightness and airiness-mentally of a wonderfully keen perception of the ludicrous, in the most simple and familiar objects. During the half-hour in which it lasted, I was at no time so far under its control that I could not with the clearest perception, study the changes through which I passed. I noted, with careful attention, the fine sensations which spread throughout the whole tissue of my nervous fibres, each thrill helping to divest my frame of its earthly and material nature, till my substance appeared to me no grosser than the vapors of the atmosphere, and while sitting in the calm of the Egyptian twilight, I expected to be lifted up and carried away by the first breeze that should ruffle the Nile. While this process was going on, the objects by which I was surrounded assumed a strange and whimsical expression... I was provoked into a long fit of laughter. The hallucination died away as gradually as it came, leaving me overcome with a soft and pleasant Is drowsiness, from which I sank into a deep, refreshing sleep. For ganja and bhang, too, the descriptions inevitably mention this feeling of lightness and gaiety, of perfect consciousness during the waking moments, and final sleep only when too much is used. Moderate users of marihuana cordirm this. W. B. O'Shaughnessy quotes a retiring young Scottish student who tried hemp. 'He became like a rajah for three hours, talked as he never had... about everything he never had or expected to have. It terminated nearly as suddenly as it commence . and no headache, sickness or other unpleasant symptoms followed." All competent observers agree that this quality of bringing euphoric happiness to the harassed is preeminent in hemp. Nothing else except alcohol and perhaps the peyotl can approach it in this respect. Some have charged hemp with being an aphrodisiac, but there is no scientific warrant for this. It is quite true that certain ganja smoking mixtures and some of the more delectable feminine sweetmeats had other things added to them. But this stimulation of waning ardor can scarcely be charged against hemp. Needled ganja is in precisely the same category as cantharides, yohimbine, and the not-too-well-disguised euphemisms of modern glandular therapy. The plain fact seems to be that pure ganja has the reverse effect, and is taken by Indian priests to quell libido. Bhang and ganja in the Old World, marihuana in the New, will never be put down by all the propaganda against them, whether true or false. Exhilaration of spirit, the flights of pure imagination, the feeling of ascending as though one floated above reality, the freedom from serious after-effects, and most of all the lack of permanent damage-it is these that make the extermination of hemp seem quite hopeless, even to those dedicated to that enterprise. Prohibition or Realism? Doubts do not deter those who feel that all aspects of hemp are inherently wicked. No one can defend its wholesale and deplorable abuse by thoughtless and excitement-craving schoolchildren, any more than one can condone their abuse of tobacco and alcohol. But adult and moderate use is just as intolerable to the true reformer. Yet one of the more reasonable of these, Professor Walton, says that hemp "still flourishes in every country in which it has once been established. This is despite the fact that, in some of these countries, attempts have been made for almost a thousand years to stamp out the practice." In spite of this, hemp has been attacked hopefully by doctors, the police, and hosts of self-appointed reformers. To an intelligent Hindu, this seems the crudest of nonsense. Even the British government authorities in India ended their report on hemp by saying, "It is neither practicable nor desirable to depart from the traditional policy of tolerating the moderate use of... ganja and bhang even for non-medical purposes, whilst taking every possible measure to prevent abuse." That was written a few years before the cohorts of American weed-pullers really began to put on stearn. Now there are marihuana laws in most states, with penalties ranging from heavy fines to ten years in jail (Oregon). But those who wish to enjoy the plant react to such laws as though they well knew the story of the Djoneina Garden in Egypt. The Mohammedan ladies of that gorgeous pleasure retreat were fond of growing hemp and feeding its products to their clientele. How long this had been going on no one knew. But in 1402 there came a reformer, and he ordered that all hemp must be rooted out of the garden. To fortify the law he ordered that any damsel "caught with ganja would be subjected to the extraction of her teeth." This seems drastic enough, but the old chronicle relates, without comment, that in a few years "the custom came back with renewed vigor." If this is to be the fate of hemp in America, and all signs suggest that it is, the solution is obvious. It is far better to be realistic about it, as the British were in India, where ganja palaces were taxed and ganja growers licensed. Then we could get rid of criminal purveyors, spend no money for enforcement, tax the business, and so avoid the worst excesses of Prohibition. Hemp would then, like tobacco and alcohol, become another measure of character, not a cockpit of controversy. Meanwhile, as the controversy rages, one likes to think of some Mexican peon twanging a plaintive guitar up in the free doudless air of his desert mountains. He will, likely as not, be singing of that still more plaintive cockroach who wouldn't walk without ... Guitar-playing boys on Mexican mountains do not offhand seem to have much affinity with jazz leaders in any big city. But all authorities agree that jam sessions and even more serious music are often spiked by marihuana. Nor are other forms of creative art free of this taint even movie stars. One of the best "box-office" men in the business has served a jail term for the possession of marihuana-and he is still one of the highest paid actors! According to Mr. Anslinger, we are thoroughly reprehensible for not shunning every movie in which he stars. In his The Traffic in Narcotics, the former U.S. Commissioner of Narcotics wntes, "But, consider how the public reacts respecting glamourous entertainment characters who have been involved in the sordid details of a narcotic case. Is there a spontaneous reaction which drives them out of the show business as might have been done a generation ago? Not at all. There seems to be some sort of public approval of these degenerate practices. The character is not ostracized. Instead he or she immediately becomes a box-office headliner." This was written long after the Federal Bureau of Narcotics boasted that, cooperating with state and city authorities, there had been destroyed a good many tons of marihuana. But the plant is still with us for such zealous and continuing destruction of hemp has not stopped marihuana smoking. In fact, the attempt at eradication has provoked the derisive comments of those who think the British plan in India and the report of the New York Academy of Medicine make more sense than pulling up weeds. One of the most percipient of these skeptics is Dr. Robert S. deRopp, who, in his Drugs and the Mind, quotes the opinion of many "that marihuana never hurt anybody and that the Narcotics Bureau would do better to devote its time and energies to the control of the really dangerous drugs, morphine, heroin and cocaine, instead of chasing after a relatively innocuous weed." While the United Nations Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961, does not, of course, condone the use of marihuana, it appears to realize that its worldwide popularity will not make its eradication either easy or speedy. On page 31 it says that "The use of Cannabis (hemp) for other than medical and scientific purposes must be discontinued as soon as possible, but in any case within twenty-five years." That is a rather optimistic timetable, matched against three thousand years of use by untold rnillions. END From owner-plants@net.bio.net Fri Nov 01 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!agate!howland.erols.net!news-peer.gsl.net!news.gsl.net!portc01.blue.aol.com!newstf01.news.aol.com!newsbf02.news.aol.com!not-for-mail From: brateaver@aol.com (BRateaver) Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: Re: Weeds in New Zealand - Twitch Couch Date: 2 Nov 1996 01:01:10 -0500 Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364) Lines: 8 Sender: root@newsbf02.news.aol.com Message-ID: <55eo36$rfq@newsbf02.news.aol.com> References: <55c6vm$e1e@midland.co.nz> NNTP-Posting-Host: newsbf02.mail.aol.com X-Newsreader: AOL Offline Reader It would grow into the sawdust, and from there down into the soil beneath and come up even as far as 30 ft away. When the author, Ruth Stout, found it in her garden, she just sat down and pulled and pulled and pulled until she had picked out every tiny bit. That worked. B. Rateaver From owner-plants@net.bio.net Fri Nov 01 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!agate!howland.erols.net!news-peer.gsl.net!news.gsl.net!portc01.blue.aol.com!newstf01.news.aol.com!newsbf02.news.aol.com!not-for-mail From: brateaver@aol.com (BRateaver) Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: Re: question in botany Date: 2 Nov 1996 07:52:53 -0500 Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364) Lines: 3 Sender: root@newsbf02.news.aol.com Message-ID: <55fg75$3bo@newsbf02.news.aol.com> References: <3278EE1E.4B06@total.net> NNTP-Posting-Host: newsbf02.mail.aol.com X-Newsreader: AOL Offline Reader Any anatomy text would help. Best is the books by Katherine Esau. B. Rateaver From owner-plants@net.bio.net Sat Nov 02 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!bcm.tmc.edu!cs.utexas.edu!www.nntp.primenet.com!nntp.primenet.com!news.bbnplanet.com!cpk-news-hub1.bbnplanet.com!newsfeed.internetmci.com!news.tds.net!news From: "Gary Wayner" Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: Orchid Books For Sale Date: 2 Nov 1996 20:14:10 GMT Organization: Natural History Books Lines: 6 Message-ID: <01bbc8fa$67701b00$abd331cf@mypc.peop.tdsnet.com> NNTP-Posting-Host: fpal0-a10.peop.tds.net Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Newsreader: Microsoft Internet News 4.70.1155 Arditti's Orchid Biology: Reviews & Perspectives. I have copies of Volumes 3 & 4 for sale @ $ 25 each + shipping. Both titles are in print @ $ 65 each. These are new copies in dj's. Contact me at gwayner@peop.tdsnet.com. Also, I would be glad to email my catalog to anyone interested in either ascii or winword format. Thank you, From owner-plants@net.bio.net Sat Nov 02 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!agate!howland.erols.net!cam-news-hub1.bbnplanet.com!news.bbnplanet.com!cpk-news-hub1.bbnplanet.com!cpk-news-feed1.bbnplanet.com!news1.usf.edu!news From: Andrew Cannons Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: Nitrogen Assimilation Conference Date: Sun, 03 Nov 1996 12:54:58 -0600 Organization: USF, Department of Biology Lines: 15 Message-ID: <327CEA82.41A2@chuma.cas.usf.edu> NNTP-Posting-Host: 131.247.31.226 Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Mailer: Mozilla 2.0 (Win95; I) May 4-9, 1997 International Conference on Nitrogen Assimilation: Molecular and Genetic Aspects. Tampa, FL, USA This meeting will bring together, for the first time, researchers to discuss both nitrogen fixation and nitrate assimilation. Contact: Nitrogen Assimilation Meeting University of South Florida College of Medicine Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 12901 Bruce B Downs Boulevard Tampa, FL 33612 USA phone: (813) 974 3393, fax: (813) 974 5798 email: acannons@com1.med.usf.edu From owner-plants@net.bio.net Sat Nov 02 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!bcm.tmc.edu!cs.utexas.edu!news.sprintlink.net!news-peer.sprintlink.net!newsfeed.internetmci.com!news.tds.net!news From: "Gary Wayner" Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: Book Needed Date: 2 Nov 1996 20:28:41 GMT Organization: Natural History Books Lines: 3 Message-ID: <01bbc8fc$6a8908e0$abd331cf@mypc.peop.tdsnet.com> NNTP-Posting-Host: fpal0-a10.peop.tds.net Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Newsreader: Microsoft Internet News 4.70.1155 I need the following title: Kenneth Kent McKinzie - North American Caricae. 2 vols. Anyone have a set to sale? Please contact me at gwayner@peop.tdsnet.com From owner-plants@net.bio.net Sat Nov 02 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!bcm.tmc.edu!cs.utexas.edu!www.nntp.primenet.com!nntp.primenet.com!dispatch.news.demon.net!demon!zetnet.co.uk!usenet From: Paul Clark Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: Rate of Diffusion. Date: Sun, 3 Nov 1996 13:34:07 GMT Lines: 27 Message-ID: <1996110313340767902@zetnet.co.uk> NNTP-Posting-Host: central.zetnet.co.uk X-Mailer: ZIMACS Version 1.09x 10000716 I am doing an Investigation on the rate which diffusion occurs in a living cell. I was woundering if any one had any idears on the experiment. I have already looked on the World Wide Wide but, it's mainly people talking about university lectures and talking in a language of university standard biological terms which seem's to be a foreign language, without further expaination. I understand the basic principles of Ficks's law and the factors that effect the experiment although, I'm am still unable to decide on an experiment to prove these factors. I have found this experiment already although it has a limitation with the measuring the diffusion rate, and it would not produce a set of results very easily. By dissolving gelatin the unfairness supplied by the loose molecule structure of water is reduced. 10 grams of gelatin is dissolved in 100 grams of hot water and the solution is poured into test tubes to half fill them. 2 grams of the gelatin is coloured with methylene blue and as soon as the first layer of gelatin is set firmly, a narrow layer of blue gelatin is poured on to it. When the blue layer have set the rest of the clear gelatin and cooled quickly. The blue methylened gelatin is sandwiched between the two layers of clear gelatin. Pj.clark@zetnet.co.uk From owner-plants@net.bio.net Sat Nov 02 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!rutgers!uwm.edu!www.nntp.primenet.com!nntp.primenet.com!news.bbnplanet.com!cpk-news-hub1.bbnplanet.com!news.cftnet.com!usenet From: ggpress@cftnet.com Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: Southern Garden List Date: Sun, 03 Nov 1996 21:43:19 GMT Organization: CFTnet Lines: 3 Message-ID: <55iqpn$mbl@news.cftnet.com> NNTP-Posting-Host: ppp250_1.cftnet.com X-Newsreader: Forte Free Agent 1.0.82 see to join: http://www.gardengatepress.com From owner-plants@net.bio.net Sun Nov 03 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!rutgers!news.sgi.com!news.sprintlink.net!news-peer.sprintlink.net!uunet!in3.uu.net!wizard.pn.com!news.zeitgeist.net!news.pixi.com!usenet From: b4ru@aloha.com Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: WRITING CONTEST Date: Mon, 04 Nov 1996 07:42:59 GMT Organization: Pacific Information eXchange, Inc. Lines: 64 Message-ID: <55kdv7$1hv@rigel.pixi.com> NNTP-Posting-Host: annex03-18.pixi.com X-Newsreader: Forte Free Agent 1.0.82 Is alternative medicine a cornucopia of wonderful remedies ignored and suppressed by the medical establishment? Or is it a clever marketing concept, Orwellian linguistic trick that gives instant pseudocredibility to worthless snake oils and mystical nostrums? Does the rapidly-growing acceptance of alternative medicine represent a positive paradigm shift, as proponents claim, or a form of mass delusion, as rationalists fear? Because the media have behaved like a gaggle of obedient lap dogs to alternative medicine, the industry has had a free ride for more than a decade. But now the sacred cow piñata of alternative medicine has been cracked open. All the sacred cows within, the scores of medical cults that make up alternative medicine, will be exposed to the light of rational inquiry by health care professional, educators, students, attorneys, insurance adjusters, and the general public. The debate will finally begin in earnest. National distribution of the video and participation in the writing contest associated with it, ensure that alternative medicine’s free ride is over. The industry will find it harder and harder to win by default because no one is paying attention. The best viewer feedback to the video, both pro and con, will be published in a book titled, The Alternative Medicine Debate Book. A minimum of $2,500.00 in cash prizes will be awarded, half to writers on each side of the issue. Call for a brochure or visit our web site for details and rules: 1-800-422-4900 http://www.hawaii-aloha.com/hwp Is alternative medicine a cornucopia of wonderful remedies ignored and suppressed by the medical establishment? Or is it a clever marketing concept, Orwellian linguistic trick that gives instant pseudocredibility to worthless snake oils and mystical nostrums? Does the rapidly-growing acceptance of alternative medicine represent a positive paradigm shift, as proponents claim, or a form of mass delusion, as rationalists fear? Because the media have behaved like a gaggle of obedient lap dogs to alternative medicine, the industry has had a free ride for more than a decade. But now the sacred cow piñata of alternative medicine has been cracked open. All the sacred cows within, the scores of medical cults that make up alternative medicine, will be exposed to the light of rational inquiry by health care professional, educators, students, attorneys, insurance adjusters, and the general public. The debate will finally begin in earnest. National distribution of the video and participation in the writing contest associated with it, ensure that alternative medicine’s free ride is over. The industry will find it harder and harder to win by default because no one is paying attention. The best viewer feedback to the video, both pro and con, will be published in a book titled, The Alternative Medicine Debate Book. A minimum of $2,500.00 in cash prizes will be awarded, half to writers on each side of the issue. Call for a brochure or visit our web site for details and rules: 1-800-422-4900 http://www.hawaii-aloha.com/hwp From owner-plants@net.bio.net Sun Nov 03 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!bcm.tmc.edu!cs.utexas.edu!howland.erols.net!tank.news.pipex.net!pipex!dish.news.pipex.net!pipex!colloquium.co.uk!usenet From: gferns@cqm.co.uk (gferns) Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: Raised Bogs - relocation/regeneration Date: Sun, 03 Nov 1996 13:55:32 GMT Organization: Colloquium Lines: 10 Message-ID: <55i4ks$ial@sow.colloquium.co.uk> NNTP-Posting-Host: mary02.colloquium.co.uk X-Newsreader: Forte Free Agent 1.0.82 Can the active surface of peat bogs be relocated and still be viable? Can the active layer of existing bogs be used to 'innoculate' areas of degraded bog? Is their any information/research available on the subject? What do you think, is it possible? From owner-plants@net.bio.net Sun Nov 03 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!bcm.tmc.edu!news.msfc.nasa.gov!newsfeed.internetmci.com!news.sprintlink.net!news-peer.sprintlink.net!uunet!in2.uu.net!news.u.washington.edu!toby From: toby@u.washington.edu ('Toby' H D Bradshaw) Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: Re: C effects Date: 4 Nov 1996 15:53:02 GMT Organization: University of Washington, Seattle Lines: 24 Message-ID: <55l3gu$3ju@nntp3.u.washington.edu> References: <557v6d$6l5@bee.uspnet.usp.br> NNTP-Posting-Host: saul3.u.washington.edu NNTP-Posting-User: toby In article <557v6d$6l5@bee.uspnet.usp.br>, Lothar Schacht wrote: >According Burdon and Shelbourne (1974) effect C is "a maternal effect >common to all ramets of a clone, such as that produced by the nutrient >status, size, vigour or age of an ortet or mother tree". Are the maternal >effects, which are peculiar to individual propagules, such as those >produced by differences in cutting size and position on the ortet, not >included? The effect of cutting size and position are included in the 'C effect'. Probably the classic work on this subject was done by Bill Libby in the 60s, using Mimulus guttatus as a model. If this paper is not cited in Burdon and Shelbourne, I'll dig around for it. Dunlap and Stettler have published something recently on C effects in hybrid cottonwood. A search should turn it up. Toby Bradshaw | (206)616-1796 (voice) Center for Urban Horticulture | (206)616-1826 (FAX) Box 354115 | toby@u.washington.edu University of Washington | 47.39.496N 122.17.404W Seattle WA 98195 | Will make linkage maps for food. From owner-plants@net.bio.net Sun Nov 03 22:00:00 1996 Message-ID: <327E0157.7CDC@uni-konstanz.de> Date: Mon, 04 Nov 1996 15:44:39 +0100 From: Bernd Langkau Reply-To: bernd.langkau@uni-konstanz.de Organization: University of Constance X-Mailer: Mozilla 3.0Gold (Win95; I) MIME-Version: 1.0 Newsgroups: bionet.immunology,bionet.neuroscience,bionet.plants CC: Thomas.Seebacher, Bernd.Langkau Subject: Molbio-Software (Macintosh) Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit NNTP-Posting-Host: toprope.verwaltung.uni-konstanz.de Lines: 7 Path: biosci!daresbury!nntp-trd.UNINETT.no!news-stkh.gsl.net!news.gsl.net!eru.mt.luth.se!www.nntp.primenet.com!nntp.primenet.com!feed1.news.erols.com!uunet!in1.uu.net!fu-berlin.de!news.belwue.de!news.uni-konstanz.de!toprope.verwaltung.uni-konstanz.de Xref: biosci bionet.immunology:10136 bionet.neuroscience:16544 bionet.plants:13140 A new program for the evaluation of gel images is available from http://www.uni-konstanz.de/tt/software/mwmacro.html or from ftp://ftp.uni-konstanz.de/pub/local/Biologie/MW-Macro.sea.bin. The new shareware program (50.-DM) calculates molecular weights, pI-values and band intensities from scanned gel images. The program requires Macintosh computers and NIH-Image software. From owner-plants@net.bio.net Sun Nov 03 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!daresbury!nntp-trd.UNINETT.no!nntp.uio.no!www.nntp.primenet.com!nntp.primenet.com!howland.erols.net!newsfeed.internetmci.com!news.wco.com!hsnx.wco.com!waldorf.csc.calpoly.edu!isnews.csc.calpoly.edu!cymbal.aix.calpoly.edu!stoshach From: Shannon E Toshach Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: Eucalyptus Date: Sun, 3 Nov 1996 20:33:12 -0800 Organization: Cal Poly, San Luis Obispo Lines: 13 Message-ID: NNTP-Posting-Host: cymbal.aix.calpoly.edu Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Why would the branches of a eucalyptus tree point down rather than up? Shannon Toshach stoshach@cymbal.calpoly.edu ______________________________________________________________________________ The freshmen bring a little knowledge in and the seniors take none out, so it accumulates through the years." -A.L.Lowell ______________________________________________________________________________ From owner-plants@net.bio.net Sun Nov 03 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!daresbury!not-for-mail From: Tony Travis Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: [Fwd: International Conf.] Date: 4 Nov 1996 11:21:33 -0000 Organization: Rowett Research Institute Lines: 222 Sender: lpddist@mserv1.dl.ac.uk Distribution: bionet Message-ID: <55kjjt$p4v@mserv1.dl.ac.uk> Reply-To: ajt@rri.sari.ac.uk MIME-Version: 1.0 Original-To: plantbio@dl.ac.uk This is a multi-part message in MIME format. --------------4F09456D20D1 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Foundation for Revitalization of Local Health Traditions, Bangalore. Please send mailto:darshan@frlht.ernet.in for further details. Tony. -- Dr. A.J.Travis, | mailto:ajt@rri.sari.ac.uk Rowett Research Institute, | http://www.rri.sari.ac.uk/~ajt Greenburn Road, Bucksburn, | phone:+44 (0)1224 712751 Aberdeen AB2 9SB, Scotland, UK. | fax:+44 (0)1224 716687 --------------4F09456D20D1 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Subject: International Conf. Date: Mon, 4 Nov 1996 13:06:56 IST(GMT+0530) From: darshan@frlht.ernet.in Organization: Foundation for Revitalization of Local Health Traditions, Bangalore. To: ajt@rri.sari.ac.uk To e-mail: ajt@rri.sari.ac.uk Dear Sir, We would appreciate if you can carry in your Journal/News Letter an announcement of an International Conference on "Medicinal Plants" that we shall be organising in Feb. 1998 in Bangalore, India. The text of the announcement is given in Annexure-I. Thanking you, Yours sincerely, DARSHAN SHANKAR (Member, International Co-ordination Committee) November 2, 1996 Annexure-I International Conference on Medicinal Plants Conservation, Utilisation, Trade & Cultural Traditions Central Theme: Medicinal Plants for Survival Dates: 16th to 20th February 1998. Venue: National Institute of Advanced Studies, Indian Institute of Science Campus, Bangalore - 560 012, India. CONFERENCE AGENDA To share experiences, approaches and strategies pertaining specifically to medicinal plants & related to the following areas:- 1. Conservation Action (in situ & ex situ) 2. Databases 3. National Conservation Policies 4. Community oriented applications in context of Primary Health Care 5. Domestication & Cultivation 6. Trade & Small Enterprise Development 7. Contributions of Indigenous Knowledge Systems 8. Traditional Knowledge & Resource Rights. EXPECTED CONFERENCE OUTCOMES This International Conferece on medicinal plants hopes to bring together persons from diverse disciplines who are concerned about the future of medicinal plants and are keen to forge viable forms of regional and international cooperation that will influence policies and promote strategic action. We therefore expect this conference to bring to bear a new level of analysis and an immediate action program following the conference. The SPECIFIC expected outcomes are: 1. Guidelines for design of national and global medicinal plant conservation politics and action strategies. e 2. Initiatives for global and regional networking of medicinal plant conservation efforts. 3. Initiatives for global and regional co-operation amongst medicinal plant-based efforts related to primary health care, databases, enterprises, cultivation, indigenous knowledge systems, and traditional knowledge and resource rights. INTERNATIONAL COORDINATION COMMITTEE Dr. Gerard Bodekar - Chairman, Global Initiative for Traditional Systems of Medicine (GIFTS OF HEALTH), U.K. Dr. M.S. Swaminathan, Chairman, M.S.S.R.F., Madras, India Prof. Jeffrey Burley, CBE, Director, Oxford Forestry Institute, U.K. & President, International Union of Forestry Research Organisations (IUFRO) Dr. Peter Wyse Jackson - Secretary General, Botanical Gardens Conservation International (BGCI), U.K. Dr. Allan Hamilton - World Wildlife Fund for Nature (WWF), U.K. Dr. Uwe Schippmann, Chaiman, Medicinal Plants Specialist Group, International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), Switzerland. Mr. Darshan Shankar, Director, F.R.L.H.T., Bangalore, India. Hon. Nyine Bitahwa, Member to Parliament, Uganda. * Dr. Mark Collins, Director, World Conservation Monitoring Centre, Cambridge, U.K. * Dr. Jitendra Srivastava, Agri. Div. World Bank, Washington, U.S.A. * Prof. Daniel Moermann, University of Michigan, U.S.A. * Dr. Norman Farnsworth, Dept. of Pharmacology, Univ. of Illinois, U.S.A. * Dr. Kanwarjit Bawa, Dept. of Botany, University of Masachussetts, Boston, U.S.A. * Prof. Chen, Director, Institute of Materia Medica, Hanoi, Vietnam. * Dr. Tran Cong Khanh, Department of Botany, Hanoi, Vietnam. Prof. He Shan-An, Director, Nanjing Botanical Gardens, China. e* Dr. Tuley De Silva, Industrial Sectors and Environment Division, UNIDO, Vienna, Austria. * Dr. Cherukat Chandrasekharan, Chief, Non-Wood Forest Products and Energy Branch, Forest Products Division, FAO, Rome, Italy. * Dr. Melaku, Biodiversity Advisor to the Prime Minister, Ethiopia. * Hon. Fran Braccho, Fundacion Vivir Major, Caracas, Venezuela. * Dr. Glenn Wightman, Member, Conservation Commission of the Northern Territory, Australia. * Dr. Enrique Forero, Director, Institute de Ciencias Naturales, Colombia. * Dr. Angela Leiva, Director, Jardin Botanico Nacional, Cuba. ---------- * Consent not yet received EXPECTED PARTICIPANTS 1. Conservationists, conservation organizations, botanical gardens, researchers & research institutes. 2. Medicinal plant database centres. 3. Health, environmental and agricultura NGOs 4. Traditional physicians & Traditional Medicine institutions. 5. Government policy-makers on Plant Conservation and Traditional Medicine. 6. Representatives from Forests, Health and Agricultural Departments of governments. 7. Representatives from centres for study of Indigenous Knowledge in medicinal cultures. 8. Representatives of industries based on Medicinal Plants & Traditional Medicine Products. 9. Colleges of complementary medicine. 10. Multi-lateral and bi-lateral agencies interested in medicinal plant conservation policy and programs. MODE OF PARTICIPATION Papers, poster sessions, exhibition & video. Abstracts of papers should be sent to the conference secretariate C/o FRLHT, No.50, MSH Layout, 2nd Stage, 3rd Main, Anandnagar, Bangalore - 560 024, India. FAX No. +91-80-3334167; e-mail: root@frlht.ernet.in REGISTRATION FEES Registration fee is 300 USD before 31st March 1997. For Indianedelegates the registration fee is Rs.1500/-. This includes participation in all sessions. This will also include lunch & tea for all conference days and a set of conference publications. Accommodation is excluded. FOR RECEIVING COPY OF DETAILED ANNOUNCEMENT, PLEASE WRITE TO: Foundation for Revitaliation of Local Health Traditions (FRLHT), No.50, 2nd Stage, MSH Layout, Anandanagar, Bangalore-560024, India Phone: +91-80-3336909/0348; FAX: +91-80-3334167 e-mail: darshan@frlht.ernet.in Darshan Shankar Tel : +91-80-3336909/3330348 Director, FRLHT Fax : +91-80-3334167 Bangalore, India. Email : Visit our Home page at : http:\\ece.iisc.ernet.in\ernet-members\frlht.html --------------4F09456D20D1-- From owner-plants@net.bio.net Sun Nov 03 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!agate!ihnp4.ucsd.edu!swrinde!nntp.primenet.com!mr.net!newshub.tc.umn.edu!fu-berlin.de!news.dfn.de!violet.mpiz-koeln.mpg.de!zwdv From: Frank Maiwald Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: floating of protoplasts Date: Mon, 04 Nov 1996 12:06:40 +0100 Organization: Max-Planck-Institut fuer Zuechtungsforschung Lines: 9 Message-ID: <327DCE40.3939@mpiz-koeln.mpg.de> Reply-To: maiwald@mpiz-koeln.mpg.de NNTP-Posting-Host: pchs01.mpiz-koeln.mpg.de Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Mailer: Mozilla 3.0 (Win95; I) Hi, All barley and rice protoplasts that I isolate still contain considerable amounts of cell wall material which I must get rid of completely. I would like to include a floating step into my protocol. Could anybody suggest a good concentration for the (sucrose) cushion for the two cell types? Thanks in advance Frank From owner-plants@net.bio.net Sun Nov 03 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!bcm.tmc.edu!cs.utexas.edu!howland.erols.net!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!uchinews!cbgw2.lucent.com!cbgw1.lucent.com!fnnews.fnal.gov!lakesis.fapesp.br!news.dcc.unicamp.br!bee.uspnet.usp.br!carpa!lschacht From: lschacht@carpa.ciagri.usp.br (Lothar Schacht) Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: C effects Date: 30 Oct 1996 16:19:25 GMT Organization: Universidade de Sao Paulo / Brasil Lines: 17 Message-ID: <557v6d$6l5@bee.uspnet.usp.br> NNTP-Posting-Host: carpa.ciagri.usp.br X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2] Hello physiologists, researchers! I reviewed the bibliography about C effects and found some confusion. According Burdon and Shelbourne (1974) effect C is "a maternal effect common to all ramets of a clone, such as that produced by the nutrient status, size, vigour or age of an ortet or mother tree". Are the maternal effects, which are peculiar to individual propagules, such as those produced by differences in cutting size and position on the ortet, not included? Have anyone an actual reference (bibliography) about the definition of "C effects"? Thank you very much in advance! Lothar From owner-plants@net.bio.net Sun Nov 03 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!agate!howland.erols.net!news.sprintlink.net!news-peer.sprintlink.net!uunet!in1.uu.net!insync!gryphon.phoenix.net!news.sprintlink.net!news-fw-12.sprintlink.net!newsvr.cyberway.com.sg!newsadmin@cyberway.com.sg From: J Loh Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: promoters for expression in plants Date: Mon, 04 Nov 1996 18:04:41 +0000 Organization: Pre-installed Company Lines: 10 Message-ID: <327E3039.76D7@cyberway.com.sg> NNTP-Posting-Host: d57110.ppp57.cyberway.com.sg Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Mailer: Mozilla 2.01KIT (Win95; I) Hi! I'm Jimmy, a postgrad student who needs to find promoters to use for my constructs which are going into plants. I have CaMv35S promoter but would like to try one or two other alternatives as well. Any suggestions? The promoter should preferably be similar to CaMV35S in that it is constitutive and allows expression in most parts of the plant. It should also be applicable to a variety of plant species and not restricted just to one type etc. Thanks for any help or suggestions you can offer. Jimmy Loh From owner-plants@net.bio.net Sun Nov 03 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!rutgers!gatech!csulb.edu!news.sgi.com!howland.erols.net!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!prairienet.org!egrunden From: egrunden@prairienet.org (Eric Grunden) Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: Gametophytes of eusporangiate ferns Date: 4 Nov 1996 03:58:51 GMT Organization: University of Illinois at Urbana Lines: 18 Message-ID: <55jplr$g6h@vixen.cso.uiuc.edu> Reply-To: egrunden@prairienet.org (Eric Grunden) NNTP-Posting-Host: bluestem.prairienet.org I was wondering if any of you plant people can give me information about the endophytic fungi that live within the gametophytes of eusporangiate ferns. Are they serving a purpose similar to mycorrhizae or something different? What genus are they? I shall ask the mycology newsgroup as well. Thanks......... -- ******************* The Spirit of Nature, a powerful force, belongs and returns to its creative source. - Excerpted from The Collective Works of Johnny Pokerface - From owner-plants@net.bio.net Sun Nov 03 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!agate!howland.erols.net!feed1.news.erols.com!uunet!in2.uu.net!news.u.washington.edu!boe666 From: boe666@u.washington.edu (Peter Werner) Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: Re: Stomatal regulation in CAM plants Date: 4 Nov 1996 18:00:39 GMT Organization: University of Washington Lines: 10 Message-ID: <55lb07$770@nntp3.u.washington.edu> References: <55eo32$rfp@newsbf02.news.aol.com> NNTP-Posting-Host: homer22.u.washington.edu NNTP-Posting-User: boe666 brateaver@aol.com (BRateaver) writes: >Look in the book, 5th ed of Biology of Plants by Raven, Evert and >Eichhorn, pg 617-618, pg 620 As a matter of fact, that's the first place that I looked and it really doesn't answer the question at all. Peter -- From owner-plants@net.bio.net Sun Nov 03 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!biosci!not-for-mail From: M J Geisow Newsgroups: bionet.general,bionet.biophysics,bionet.plants Subject: CALL FOR PAPERS: POPE'96 Date: 4 Nov 1996 11:40:45 -0800 Organization: BIODIGM Lines: 54 Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: world Message-ID: <3278251D.6B6@dial.pipex.com> NNTP-Posting-Host: net.bio.net Xref: biosci bionet.general:23876 bionet.biophysics:2394 bionet.plants:13143 6th International conference: Perspectives on Protein Engineering John Innes Centre, Norwich, UK 29 June - 1 July 1997 FIRST ANNOUNCEMENT and CALL FOR PAPERS TOPICS Bioinformatics, Microbial genomes, Molecular Evolution and Design Plant Protein Engineering and biocatalysis SPEAKERS SO FAR Clare Fraser (The Institute for Genomic Research,USA) Microbial Genomes Mike Bevan (John Innes Institute) The Arabidopsis Genome Rik Wierenga (EMBL Heidelberg) Engineering and analysing protein loops Shuguang Zhang (MIT, Boston, USA) Design of self-assembling biomolecules Iain Campbell (Oxford UK) Modular protein evolution and design Jose Marcos (CSIC, Spain) Molecular diversity: Design of peptide agents against plant pathogens Udo Conrad (Gatersleben, Germany) Expression of antibodies in plants Paul Davies (Unilever, UK) Large scale antibody fragments expression in crop plants George Lomonosoff (John Innes Centre, UK) Vaccine procution in plants Chris Schofield (Oxford, UK) Dioxygenases: structure and action L Mario Amzel (Johns Hopkins, USA) Lipoxygenases Geoff Fincher (Adelaide, Australia) beta-glucanases Birte Svensson (Carlsberg Copenhagen, Denmark) amylases Richard Pickersgill (Reading, UK) Papaya proteinases John Raferty (Sheffield, UK) Fatty acid synthetases Didier Marion (Nantes, France) Lipid binding proteins Mike Lawrence (Parkeville, Australia) 7S/11S globulins Peter Shewry (Bristol, UK) Storage proteins POSTER SESSIONS & EVENING WORKSHOPS (to be announced) PUBLICATION On the World Wide Web and as a (ISBN) CD-ROM: http://www.biodigm.com/pope/cdrom.htm DETAILS AT THE CONFERENCE 'VIRTUAL MEETINGS OFFICE' Programme, venue, travel, on-line registration at: http://www.biodigm.com/pope/pope6.htm SECRETARIAT POPE6 c/o BIODIGM, 64, Langdale Grove, Bingham, NG13 8SS UK Fax: +44 1 949 876 156 E-mail: biodigm@dial.pipex.com PUBLICATION On the Internet and CD-ROM From owner-plants@net.bio.net Mon Nov 04 22:00:00 1996 Newsgroups: bionet.plants Path: biosci!CS.Arizona.EDU!news.Arizona.EDU!hamblin.math.byu.edu!acs2.byu.edu!news.cuny.edu!news.sprintlink.net!news-pull.sprintlink.net!news.sprintlink.net!news-peer.sprintlink.net!uunet!in1.uu.net!utcsri!utnut!oci!bae From: bae@oci.utoronto.ca (Beverly Erlebacher) Subject: Re: Weeds in New Zealand - Twitch Couch Message-ID: Sender: news@oci.utoronto.ca Organization: Ontario Cancer Institute, University of Toronto References: <55c6vm$e1e@midland.co.nz> Date: Mon, 4 Nov 1996 19:29:03 GMT Lines: 48 In article <55c6vm$e1e@midland.co.nz> dak@midland.co.nz (Don Frommherz) writes: >I am curious over a theory about an easy eradication method for this pest >creeper. > >Does application of sawdust, cause the grass to grow into a thick layer of >sawdust? And the whole weed forms a 'carpet' that is easily rolled off the >ground. I've had altogether too much experience with this weed. The way I was able to convert a virtually solid twitch turf to a relatively weed free garden was to cover the whole area with heavy cardboard. I used boxes that refrigerators and other large objects had been shipped in, which I got gratis from the local furniture store. I laid the cardboard down the reverse of shingles so that water would run in instead of off and weighted it down with rocks. I cut 4" holes for each squash or tomato plant. These plants spread out and covered the cardboard to give a more esthetic effect. In the fall I removed the cardboard, and the next year planted other things in the twitch-free area and cardboard-mulched another section. The cardboard was often reusuable for a second year. Within a few years, the garden was clear, but I always had to keep an eye on the edges. The sawdust method sounds interesting and worth experimenting with, but I wouldn't count on it. You would probably have to keep a 6-12" layer of sawdust for the several seasons, which is an immense volume. For those who are saying, "how silly, just use black plastic", I expect that twitch shoots, which can easily run through a large potato or carrot, would have no problem with black plastic. It has no trouble with thick newspaper mulch if it stays wet for a few days. For the suggestion to "just pull it out, bit by bit", I'd like to point to my case of carpal tunnel syndrome, acquired this way, and still bothering me more than 20 years later. It works if you have only a little, but a little turns into a lot in no time. Eternal vigilance! Btw, a couple of years after I moved and abandoned this garden, the whole thing, 125' x 50', was a solid turf of twitch again. Twitch never sleeps! >Thankyou for advice in advance Hope this helps. You may get some better suggestions, organic and otherwise, in rec.gardens. Beverly Erlebacher Toronto, Ontario Canada From owner-plants@net.bio.net Mon Nov 04 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!bcm.tmc.edu!cs.utexas.edu!howland.erols.net!netnews.com!ix.netcom.com!news From: cagriggs@ix.netcom.com(Charles H. Griggs) Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: Video wanted, THE SECRET LIFE OF PLANTS Date: 5 Nov 1996 21:40:08 GMT Organization: Netcom Lines: 1 Message-ID: <55oc7o$ken@dfw-ixnews12.ix.netcom.com> NNTP-Posting-Host: sar-fl2-10.ix.netcom.com X-NETCOM-Date: Tue Nov 05 3:40:08 PM CST 1996 Does anyone know where I can buy the "Secret Life of Plants" video? From owner-plants@net.bio.net Mon Nov 04 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!PILOT.MSU.EDU!krasnyan From: krasnyan@PILOT.MSU.EDU (Sergei Krasnyanski) Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: Plant tissue specific promoters Date: 5 Nov 1996 12:03:31 -0800 Organization: BIOSCI International Newsgroups for Molecular Biology Lines: 19 Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: world Message-ID: <2.2.16.19961106030329.39072b64@pilotk.msu.edu> NNTP-Posting-Host: net.bio.net Dear Netters! I am looking for the possible sources of tissue specific promoters (fruit tissue in particular). I would appreciate very much if someone could point me out where I can find tthem. Thank you again. Sergei Krasnyanski Dept. of Horticulture, Michigan State University East Lansing, MI 48824 E-mail: krasnyan@pilot.msu.edu Sergei Krasnyanski Dept. of Horticulture Michigan State University East Lansing, MI, 48823 From owner-plants@net.bio.net Mon Nov 04 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!daresbury!nntp-trd.UNINETT.no!nntp.uio.no!www.nntp.primenet.com!nntp.primenet.com!enews.sgi.com!news.sgi.com!esiee.fr!jussieu.fr!unilim.fr!cict.fr!pc-beniot.ups-tlse.fr!ranty From: ranty@cict.fr Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: post-doc position Date: Tue, 5 Nov 1996 14:38:24 Lines: 53 Message-ID: NNTP-Posting-Host: pc-beniot.ups-tlse.fr Keywords: plant cell signalling X-Newsreader: Trumpet for Windows [Version 1.0 Rev A] CORRECTION SORRY: DEAD LINE FOR APPLICATION IS 7 january 1997 Bourse post-doctorale du Ministère des Affaires Etrangères en physiologie moléculaire végétale (UMR 5546 CNRS-UPS, Signaux et Messages Cellulaires chez les Végétaux, Toulouse. Directeur R. Ranjeva) L'équipe "récepteurs et seconds messagers" est susceptible d'accueillir un chercheur post-doctoral, non Français ne résidant pas en France, pour un an, éventuellement renouvelable à partir d'octobre 1997. La sélection définitive du lauréat sera effectué contexte scientifique: L'équipe d'accueil (sept chercheurs permanents, deux ingénieurs) s'intéresse au problème général de la signalisation cellulaire chez les végétaux en considérant plus particulièrement la régulation des canaux calcium-voltage dépendant de la membrane plasmi L'équipe d'accueil a accès à un plateau technologique permettant de mettre en oeuvre la majorité des techniques de biochimie, de biologie cellulaire et moléculaire et d'électrophysiologie moléculaire. Elle fait partie de consortium de recherche Français e Quatre publications significatives du groupe: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, (1993) 90,. 765-769.; EMBO J., (1994) 13, pp. 2970-2975. EMBO J., (1994) 13, pp. 5843-5847. FEBS Lett., (1996) 393, pp13-18. profil souhaité et sujet de recherche: Le chercheur post-doctoral sera retenu sur la qualité de son dossier scientifique et du projet qu'il proposera. Il peut répondre à l'un des profils suivants: - électrophysiologiste (patch-clamp), - spécialiste de cytologie fonctionnelle: microscopie en fluorescence, microscopie confocale et analyse d'images, - biochimiste des interactions protéines-protéines. conditions à remplir: -Thèse soutenue depuis moins de quatre (4) ans au moment de la prise de fonction, - Publications internationales reconnues, - Trois lettres de recommandation. conditions matérielles: - Le salaire, payé par le ministère des affaires étrangères, s'élèvera à environ 12 000 FF par mois, correspondant donc au traitement d'un Maître de Conférences. Une faible partie de cette somme sera retenue pour les assurances sociales. - Toulouse, ville située dans le sud-ouest de la France, est reputée pour son histoire, sa culture et sa gastronomie. Elle se trouve à moins de deux heures de la chaîne des Pyrénées, de la mer Méditerranée et de l'Océan Atlantique. C'est une métropole mod Date limite de dépôt des candidatures: 7 janvier 1997 accompagné du projet de recherche auprès de: R. Ranjeva email ranjeva@cict.fr ou umr5546@cict.fr. Téléphone: +33 5 61556753 (secrétariat) ou + 33 5 556751 Les lettres de recommandation doivenet être adressées à: R. Ranjeva, UMR 5546 CNRS-UPS, "Signaux et Messages Cellulaires" bat 4 R1, Université P. Sabatier, 118, Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse cedex 4 Post-doctoral position in Plant Signal Transduction (Signaux et Messages Cellulaires chez les Végétaux, UMR 5546 CNRS-UPS, Toulouse France. Director:R. Ranjeva) A post-doctoral associate may be appointed by the French Ministère des Affaires Etrangères to join the group working on "receptors and second messengers" in Toulouse for one or possibly two years. The awardee selected by a ad hoc committee of the French M scientific environment: The research group (seven (7) researchers and two (2) engineers holding permanent positions) is interested in the general problem of plant cell signalling with a special emphasis on the regulation of plasma membrane-bound voltage-dependent calcium chann The research group uses important core facilities making it possible to perform most of the modern methods in biochemistry, cell and molecular biology and patch-clamp. The group is involved in ntional and international programs and networks (for example t Four representative papers of the group: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, (1993) 90,. 765-769.; EMBO J., (1994) 13, pp. 2970-2975. EMBO J., (1994) 13, pp. 5843-5847. FEBS Lett., (1996) 393, pp13-18. The post-doctoral associate will be selected on the basis of his CV and his research proposal which will be discussed. He has to be specialized in one (or more) of the following fields: - electrophysiology (patch-clamp), - modern cytology including fluorescence microscopy, confocal microscopy and/otr image analysis, - biochemistry of protein-protein interactions. eligibility: - Ph D degree obtained for less than four (4) years before appointment, - International records of publications, - three confidential letters of recommendation. salary and environment:: The salary, paid by the French Ministère des Affaires Etrangères is approximately FF 12 000 corresponding to the salary of an Assistant Professor. Toulouse is part of the French Languedoc (southwest) and renowed for his history, culture and gastronomy. Toulouse is only two-hour drive from the Pyrénees, the Mediterranean Sea or the Atlantic Ocean and hosts 100 000 students. Dead line for application: 7 january 1997. Please send your CV and research proposal to R. Ranjeva email ranjeva@cict.fr ou umr5546@cict.fr. Téléphone: +33 5 61556753 (secrétariat) or + 33 5 556751 letters of recommendation should be sent to: R. Ranjeva, UMR 5546 CNRS-UPS, "Signaux et Messages Cellulaires" bat 4 R1, Université P. Sabatier, 118, Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse cedex 4 From owner-plants@net.bio.net Mon Nov 04 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!CS.Arizona.EDU!news.Arizona.EDU!hamblin.math.byu.edu!acs2.byu.edu!news.cuny.edu!news.sprintlink.net!news-hub.sprintlink.net!news.sprintlink.net!news-peer.sprintlink.net!howland.erols.net!news.sgi.com!esiee.fr!jussieu.fr!unilim.fr!cict.fr!pc-beniot.ups-tlse.fr!ranty From: ranty@cict.fr Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: post-doc position Date: Tue, 5 Nov 1996 14:25:31 Lines: 51 Message-ID: NNTP-Posting-Host: pc-beniot.ups-tlse.fr Keywords: plant cell signalling X-Newsreader: Trumpet for Windows [Version 1.0 Rev A] Bourse post-doctorale du Ministère des Affaires Etrangères en physiologie moléculaire végétale (UMR 5546 CNRS-UPS, Signaux et Messages Cellulaires chez les Végétaux, Toulouse. Directeur R. Ranjeva) L'équipe "récepteurs et seconds messagers" est susceptible d'accueillir un chercheur post-doctoral, non Français ne résidant pas en France, pour un an, éventuellement renouvelable à partir d'octobre 1997. La sélection définitive du lauréat sera effectué contexte scientifique: L'équipe d'accueil (sept chercheurs permanents, deux ingénieurs) s'intéresse au problème général de la signalisation cellulaire chez les végétaux en considérant plus particulièrement la régulation des canaux calcium-voltage dépendant de la membrane plasmi L'équipe d'accueil a accès à un plateau technologique permettant de mettre en oeuvre la majorité des techniques de biochimie, de biologie cellulaire et moléculaire et d'électrophysiologie moléculaire. Elle fait partie de consortium de recherche Français e Quatre publications significatives du groupe: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, (1993) 90,. 765-769.; EMBO J., (1994) 13, pp. 2970-2975. EMBO J., (1994) 13, pp. 5843-5847. FEBS Lett., (1996) 393, pp13-18. profil souhaité et sujet de recherche: Le chercheur post-doctoral sera retenu sur la qualité de son dossier scientifique et du projet qu'il proposera. Il peut répondre à l'un des profils suivants: - électrophysiologiste (patch-clamp), - spécialiste de cytologie fonctionnelle: microscopie en fluorescence, microscopie confocale et analyse d'images, - biochimiste des interactions protéines-protéines. conditions à remplir: -Thèse soutenue depuis moins de quatre (4) ans au moment de la prise de fonction, - Publications internationales reconnues, - Trois lettres de recommandation. conditions matérielles: - Le salaire, payé par le ministère des affaires étrangères, s'élèvera à environ 12 000 FF par mois, correspondant donc au traitement d'un Maître de Conférences. Une faible partie de cette somme sera retenue pour les assurances sociales. - Toulouse, ville située dans le sud-ouest de la France, est reputée pour son histoire, sa culture et sa gastronomie. Elle se trouve à moins de deux heures de la chaîne des Pyrénées, de la mer Méditerranée et de l'Océan Atlantique. C'est une métropole mod Date limite de dépôt des candidatures: 7 janvier 1998 accompagné du projet de recherche auprès de: R. Ranjeva email ranjeva@cict.fr ou umr5546@cict.fr. Téléphone: +33 5 61556753 (secrétariat) ou + 33 5 556751 Les lettres de recommandation doivenet être adressées à: R. Ranjeva, UMR 5546 CNRS-UPS, "Signaux et Messages Cellulaires" bat 4 R1, Université P. Sabatier, 118, Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse cedex 4 Post-doctoral position in Plant Signal Transduction (Signaux et Messages Cellulaires chez les Végétaux, UMR 5546 CNRS-UPS, Toulouse France. Director:R. Ranjeva) A post-doctoral associate may be appointed by the French Ministère des Affaires Etrangères to join the group working on "receptors and second messengers" in Toulouse for one or possibly two years. The awardee selected by a ad hoc committee of the French M scientific environment: The research group (seven (7) researchers and two (2) engineers holding permanent positions) is interested in the general problem of plant cell signalling with a special emphasis on the regulation of plasma membrane-bound voltage-dependent calcium chann The research group uses important core facilities making it possible to perform most of the modern methods in biochemistry, cell and molecular biology and patch-clamp. The group is involved in ntional and international programs and networks (for example t Four representative papers of the group: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, (1993) 90,. 765-769.; EMBO J., (1994) 13, pp. 2970-2975. EMBO J., (1994) 13, pp. 5843-5847. FEBS Lett., (1996) 393, pp13-18. The post-doctoral associate will be selected on the basis of his CV and his research proposal which will be discussed. He has to be specialized in one (or more) of the following fields: - electrophysiology (patch-clamp), - modern cytology including fluorescence microscopy, confocal microscopy and/otr image analysis, - biochemistry of protein-protein interactions. eligibility: - Ph D degree obtained for less than four (4) years before appointment, - International records of publications, - three confidential letters of recommendation. salary and environment:: The salary, paid by the French Ministère des Affaires Etrangères is approximately FF 12 000 corresponding to the salary of an Assistant Professor. Toulouse is part of the French Languedoc (southwest) and renowed for his history, culture and gastronomy. Toulouse is only two-hour drive from the Pyrénees, the Mediterranean Sea or the Atlantic Ocean and hosts 100 000 students. Dead line for application: 7 january 1998. Please send your CV and research proposal to R. Ranjeva email ranjeva@cict.fr ou umr5546@cict.fr. Téléphone: +33 5 61556753 (secrétariat) or + 33 5 556751 letters of recommendation should be sent to: R. Ranjeva, UMR 5546 CNRS-UPS, "Signaux et Messages Cellulaires" bat 4 R1, Université P. Sabatier, 118, Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse cedex 4 From owner-plants@net.bio.net Mon Nov 04 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!CS.Arizona.EDU!news.Arizona.EDU!hamblin.math.byu.edu!sol.ctr.columbia.edu!news.uoregon.edu!hunter.premier.net!www.nntp.primenet.com!nntp.primenet.com!news.bbnplanet.com!cpk-news-hub1.bbnplanet.com!nntp-hub2.barrnet.net!news.PBI.net!news.pacbell.net!usenet From: Susan Chang Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: Chaparral Date: Mon, 04 Nov 1996 22:04:12 -0800 Organization: home Lines: 1 Message-ID: <327ED8DC.1DA2@pacbell.net> NNTP-Posting-Host: ppp-206-171-239-222.psdn11.pacbell.net Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Mailer: Mozilla 2.01E-PBXE (Win16; I) anybody know any info on chaparrals????? From owner-plants@net.bio.net Mon Nov 04 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!bcm.tmc.edu!cs.utexas.edu!howland.erols.net!cam-news-hub1.bbnplanet.com!uunet!in2.uu.net!newstf01.news.aol.com!audrey01.news.aol.com!newsbf02.news.aol.com!not-for-mail From: brateaver@aol.com (BRateaver) Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: Re: Nitrogen Assimilation Conference Date: 5 Nov 1996 18:27:45 -0500 Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364) Lines: 6 Sender: root@newsbf02.news.aol.com Message-ID: <55oihh$rvh@newsbf02.news.aol.com> References: <327CEA82.41A2@chuma.cas.usf.edu> NNTP-Posting-Host: newsbf02.news-fddi.aol.com X-Newsreader: AOL Offline Reader Will there be a proceedings before end of 1996? Will there be posters that show electron microscope pictures of what goes on in N fix? A list of authors and poster presenters? How can I get info from it without being able to attend? B. Rateaver From owner-plants@net.bio.net Mon Nov 04 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!UNIX2CC.NPPI.EDU.TW!furechen From: furechen@UNIX2CC.NPPI.EDU.TW (Fure-Chyi Chen ³¯ºÖºX) Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: Re: C effects Date: 4 Nov 1996 17:45:01 -0800 Organization: BIOSCI International Newsgroups for Molecular Biology Lines: 32 Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: world Message-ID: References: <55l3gu$3ju@nntp3.u.washington.edu> NNTP-Posting-Host: net.bio.net Sorry, could you explain what is 'C effect'? Thank you. Fure-Chyi Chen On 4 Nov 1996, 'Toby' H D Bradshaw wrote: > In article <557v6d$6l5@bee.uspnet.usp.br>, > Lothar Schacht wrote: > > >According Burdon and Shelbourne (1974) effect C is "a maternal effect > >common to all ramets of a clone, such as that produced by the nutrient > >status, size, vigour or age of an ortet or mother tree". Are the maternal > >effects, which are peculiar to individual propagules, such as those > >produced by differences in cutting size and position on the ortet, not > >included? > > The effect of cutting size and position are included in the 'C > effect'. Probably the classic work on this subject was done > by Bill Libby in the 60s, using Mimulus guttatus as a model. > If this paper is not cited in Burdon and Shelbourne, I'll dig > around for it. Dunlap and Stettler have published something > recently on C effects in hybrid cottonwood. A search should > turn it up. > > Toby Bradshaw | (206)616-1796 (voice) > Center for Urban Horticulture | (206)616-1826 (FAX) > Box 354115 | toby@u.washington.edu > University of Washington | 47.39.496N 122.17.404W > Seattle WA 98195 | Will make linkage maps for food. > > > From owner-plants@net.bio.net Tue Nov 05 22:00:00 1996 Newsgroups: bionet.plants Path: biosci!rutgers!gatech!csulb.edu!news.sgi.com!www.nntp.primenet.com!nntp.primenet.com!dispatch.news.demon.net!demon!btnet!btnet-feed2!news.compulink.co.uk!cix.compulink.co.uk!usenet From: rwhitehead@cix.compulink.co.uk ("Roger Whitehead") Subject: Re: Video wanted, THE SECRET LIFE OF PLANTS Message-ID: Organization: Compulink Information eXchange X-Newsreader: Virtual Access Date: Wed, 6 Nov 1996 07:26:14 GMT Lines: 15 It's a BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation) video, so try their Web site or, if you know who they are, your local BBC stockist. Good luck, Roger - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Director, Office Futures, 14 Amy Road, Oxted, Surrey RH8 0PX Tel: +44 1883 713074; fax +44 1883 716793 . From owner-plants@net.bio.net Tue Nov 05 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!bcm.tmc.edu!cs.utexas.edu!howland.erols.net!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!corn.cso.niu.edu!usenet From: Darin Burleigh Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: Re: Red. Vs. Green bell peppers Date: Tue, 05 Nov 1996 18:11:30 -0600 Organization: NIU Chemistry department Lines: 15 Message-ID: <327FD7B2.13DC@hackberry.chem.niu.edu> References: <327552EA.5BCB@nmp.nokia.com> <55b182$dmp@newsbf02.news.aol.com> NNTP-Posting-Host: hackberry.chem.niu.edu Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Mailer: Mozilla 3.0 (X11; I; SunOS 5.5 sun4m) BRateaver wrote: > > Yes, green is an early stage. True of ALL the peppers. The colored ones > all end up red if given enough time for real maturity. > > B. Rateaver but often red are much more expensive. this summer I would buy a bunch of greens at the farmers market, then eat last weeks red ones. the red are much tastier. ========================================================== - darin burleigh@hackberry.chem.niu.edu '2 kinds of green, look out!' - dieter rot From owner-plants@net.bio.net Tue Nov 05 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!bcm.tmc.edu!news.msfc.nasa.gov!newsfeed.internetmci.com!in3.uu.net!munnari.OZ.AU!metro!metro!mg-a12-1-60.bio.usyd.edu.au!user From: abecerra@bio.usyd.edu.au (Augusto Becerra) Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: Help!!! Cotton root regenetation Followup-To: bionet.plants Date: 6 Nov 1996 00:53:44 GMT Organization: The University of Sydney Lines: 11 Distribution: world Message-ID: NNTP-Posting-Host: mg-a12-1-60.bio.usyd.edu.au I need to find out a method which will be able to regenerate cotton plants from the top of young cotton seedlings (approximately a 3 cm cut from the top of the plant). I specifically want to find a suitable media to allow root formation in cotton cuts. I have already tried adding 1 mg/L of NAA to MS media, but only got callus formation at the bottom of the stem. If anybody has any suggestions or is working in something similar please contact me on my e-mail or in this newsgroup as soon as possible. I will appresiate any help. e-mail: abecerra@bio.usyd.edu.au From owner-plants@net.bio.net Tue Nov 05 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!daresbury!not-for-mail From: Dan Altura Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: pH measurements of small biological samples Date: 6 Nov 1996 18:25:46 -0000 Lines: 14 Sender: lpddist@mserv1.dl.ac.uk Distribution: bionet Message-ID: <55ql7a$roo@mserv1.dl.ac.uk> Original-To: cellbiol@dl.ac.uk, hiv-biol@dl.ac.uk, methods@dl.ac.uk, plantbio@dl.ac.uk The need frequently arrises in biological laboratories to measure pH in small sample vessels such as 96 well plates, microcentrifuge tubes, or NMR tubes. Standard pH electrodes are too large to fit into these small containers. Miniature glass electrodes are both breakable and have a high electrical resistance which makes the pH measurements unstable. A micro combination pH electrode has been developed which has a 1 mm tip and a 2 mm diameter flexible Teflon body which can measure pH in less less than 20 microliters of sample. This probe has a solid state sensor which gives drift free pH measurements. The probe can be used with a standard pH meter. Further information can be obtained via email at service@lazarlab.com. From owner-plants@net.bio.net Tue Nov 05 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!bcm.tmc.edu!cs.utexas.edu!www.nntp.primenet.com!nntp.primenet.com!usenet.eel.ufl.edu!warwick!us1.rhbnc.ac.uk!mac6.bl.rhbnc.ac.uk!user From: e.kinsman@rhbnc.ac.uk (Liz Kinsman) Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: re: All about marijuana Date: 6 Nov 1996 18:12:15 GMT Organization: Royal Holloway University of London Lines: 61 Message-ID: NNTP-Posting-Host: mac6.bl.rhbnc.ac.uk Somebody wrote:- (Main body of extremely long text snipped) : Still more recent and a much more complete :study of the "marihuana problem was issued by the New York Academy of :Medicine at the request of the mayor of New York. That report, issued :in 1944, is an exhaustive study of the medical, sociological and :addiction problems of marihuana by a corps of experts. It is not :without significance that their conclusions are almost precisely :similar to those of the Indian Hemp Drug Commission issued fifty years :ago. The Academy's main points may be briefly summarized thus: :1. Smoking marihuana does not lead directly to mental or physical :deterioration. :2. The habitual smoker knows when to stop, as excessive doses reverse :its usually pleasant effects. :3. Marihuana does not lead to addiction (in the medical sense) and :while it is naturally habit forming, its withdrawal does not lead to :the horrible withdrawal symptoms of the opiates. :4. No deaths have ever been recorded that can be ascribed to :marihuana. :5. Marihuana is not a direct causal factor in sexual or criminal :misconduct. :6. Juvenile delinquency is not caused by marihuana smoking, although :they are sometimes associated. :7. "The publicity concerning the catastrophic effects of marijuana :smoking in New York is unfounded." :8. It is more of a nuisance than a menace. 50 years ago tobacco smoking was regarded as harmless, and only a couple of weeks ago I heard a tobacco company executive denying that tobacco smoking was addictive (I do not know which dictionary he was relying on for his definition of 'addictive'). These days, however, few other than tobacco company executives would deny that smoking tobacco poses grave risks to health and is extremely addictive. As a research scientist, I rarely refer to 50 year old texts but prefer to seek out the most up to date literature. In many areas of science our knowledge may well be built on definitive work of 50 or more years ago, but in many cases long cherished hypotheses have been overturned by the application of new ideas and/or technology. The only argument for legalising cannabis, in my opinion, is that commercial interests would then dictate that large sums of money be spent researching its pharmacological effects. We would then learn what a truly dangerous drug this is. It is already believed to be a potent carcinogen - far more potent than tobacco. Thorough research would no doubt demonstrate many other aspects of this drug deleterious to health. I believe there would then be a backlash against its use and an end to the shallow propaganda cited. -- Liz Kinsman Royal Holloway University of London e.kinsman@rhbnc.ac.uk From owner-plants@net.bio.net Tue Nov 05 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!bcm.tmc.edu!cs.utexas.edu!www.nntp.primenet.com!nntp.primenet.com!news.asu.edu!usenet From: "Samuel M. Scheiner" Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: Re: Video wanted, THE SECRET LIFE OF PLANTS Date: Wed, 06 Nov 1996 08:10:24 -0800 Organization: Arizona State University West Lines: 18 Message-ID: <3280B870.57DB@asu.edu> References: <55oc7o$ken@dfw-ixnews12.ix.netcom.com> NNTP-Posting-Host: a20122.west.asu.edu Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Mailer: Mozilla 2.01 (Win16; I) Charles H. Griggs wrote: > > Does anyone know where I can buy the "Secret Life of Plants" video? It was also broadcast on Nature so it might be available through PBS. However, get the BBC version if possible. The narrative is much funnier. -- ********************************************************** Samuel M. Scheiner Dept. of Life Sciences (2352) P.O. Box 37100 Arizona State University West Phoenix, AZ 85069 Tel: 602-543-6934 Fax: 602-543-6073 E-mail: sam.scheiner@asu.edu http://lsvl.la.asu.edu/botany/faculty/scheiner.html ********************************************************** From owner-plants@net.bio.net Tue Nov 05 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!bcm.tmc.edu!cs.utexas.edu!howland.erols.net!newsxfer2.itd.umich.edu!portc01.blue.aol.com!audrey01.news.aol.com!newsbf02.news.aol.com!not-for-mail From: t009@aol.com (T009) Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: Hydrangea Date: 6 Nov 1996 10:02:12 -0500 Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364) Lines: 6 Sender: root@newsbf02.news.aol.com Message-ID: <55q99k$9bn@newsbf02.news.aol.com> Reply-To: t009@aol.com (T009) NNTP-Posting-Host: newsbf02.news-fddi.aol.com I have a lacecap type with beautiful variegated leaves in a south exposure of New york area. I can't seem to get it to bloom, its suppose to start blooming in late Summer. But the leaves are gorgeous and it looks healthy. I heard that your suppose to cut back the branches that flowered, in order for it to flower the following year. My ? is what branch do I cut, if none of them did flower, they all look alike? How does one tell the difference? From owner-plants@net.bio.net Tue Nov 05 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!daresbury!bioftp.unibas.ch!infobiogen.fr!jussieu.fr!univ-lyon1.fr!news.imag.fr!grenet.fr!usenet From: Francois PELLISSIER Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: Re: Chaparral Date: Wed, 06 Nov 1996 15:08:01 -0800 Organization: University of Savoie Lines: 33 Message-ID: <32811A51.396D@univ-savoie.fr> References: <327ED8DC.1DA2@pacbell.net> <55ptpp$7gt@newsbf02.news.aol.com> NNTP-Posting-Host: dyneco-pc1.univ-savoie.fr Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Mailer: Mozilla 2.02 (Win16; I) BRateaver wrote: > > Those plants are allelopathic and that is why they can take over any > territory. > > B. Rateaver I partially agree with this statement. Allelopathy is often responsible of dominance of some chapparal species but their is too a strong competition for water and nutrients. A good paper about allelopathy in phryganic ecosystems was published by Despina Vokou in 1992 : "The allelopathic potential of aromatic shrubs in phryganic (east Mediterranean) Ecosystems, 1992. in Allelopathy : basic and applied aspects, Rizvi and Rizvi Eds., Chapman & Hall, pp. 303-320. Best regards, François -- Dr. François PELLISSIER UNIVERSITY OF SAVOIE Dynamics of Altitude Ecosystems Laboratory 73 376 LE BOURGET-DU-LAC FRANCE Phone : 33 4 79 75 88 69 Fax : 33 4 79 75 88 80 e-mail: pellissier@univ-savoie.fr **************************************************************** !ALLELOPATHY on WWW! -> http://www.univ-savoie.fr/labos/ldea/ **************************************************************** From owner-plants@net.bio.net Tue Nov 05 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!bcm.tmc.edu!cs.utexas.edu!howland.erols.net!news3.cac.psu.edu!news.cse.psu.edu!news.cc.swarthmore.edu!netnews.upenn.edu!dsinc!news.acsu.buffalo.edu!acsu.buffalo.edu!ubvms.cc.buffalo.edu!BIOBISS From: biobiss@ubvms.cc.buffalo.edu Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: Re: houseplants and cat? Date: 6 Nov 1996 19:29:06 GMT Organization: University at Buffalo Lines: 11 Message-ID: <55qou2$c13@prometheus.acsu.buffalo.edu> References: ,<559fec$16i@newsbf02.news.aol.com> Reply-To: biobiss@ubvms.cc.buffalo.edu NNTP-Posting-Host: ubvmsa.cc.buffalo.edu In article <559fec$16i@newsbf02.news.aol.com>, luminetta@aol.com (LUMINETTA) writes: >Try hanging plants! Seriously, I have one cat that loves to eat anything >that looks remotely like grass so I would suggest staying away from long >leafy plants. What I would try first are succulents (i.e. cacti and jade >plants). Good luck! I once had a cat that ate everything green in the house. I finally planted her own garden for her--just a little flat of bird seed that I germinated. She loved it, and left the rest of the plants alone. From owner-plants@net.bio.net Tue Nov 05 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!bcm.tmc.edu!news.msfc.nasa.gov!newsfeed.internetmci.com!howland.erols.net!newsxfer2.itd.umich.edu!portc01.blue.aol.com!newstf01.news.aol.com!audrey01.news.aol.com!newsbf02.news.aol.com!not-for-mail From: brateaver@aol.com (BRateaver) Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: Re: Chaparral Date: 6 Nov 1996 06:46:01 -0500 Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364) Lines: 4 Sender: root@newsbf02.news.aol.com Message-ID: <55ptpp$7gt@newsbf02.news.aol.com> References: <327ED8DC.1DA2@pacbell.net> NNTP-Posting-Host: newsbf02.news-fddi.aol.com X-Newsreader: AOL Offline Reader Those plants are allelopathic and that is why they can take over any territory. B. Rateaver From owner-plants@net.bio.net Tue Nov 05 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!bcm.tmc.edu!cs.utexas.edu!howland.erols.net!news.sprintlink.net!news-peer.sprintlink.net!news.sprintlink.net!news-hub.sprintlink.net!news.sprintlink.net!news-dc-2.sprintlink.net!news.ltec.net!news-admin From: mk95528@navix.net (mk95528) Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: ANTIQUE BOTANY BOOK Date: Wed, 06 Nov 1996 17:57:34 GMT Organization: MARGIE'S ENTERPRISES Lines: 5 Message-ID: <3285d0d1.3355697@news.navix.net> NNTP-Posting-Host: xyp74p9.ltec.net Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Newsreader: Forte Agent .99f/16.299 ASA GRAY YEAR 1854 BOTANY BOOK CONVERTED TO DIGITAL AND PLACED ON CD-ROM AND MORE. MARGIE'S RARE BOOKS AND PLANT CLIPART ON CD HTTP://WWW.ALICE.NET/PERS/ANTIQQUE.HTM From owner-plants@net.bio.net Tue Nov 05 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!fcs280s.ncifcrf.gov!cpk-news-feed1.bbnplanet.com!cpk-news-hub1.bbnplanet.com!cam-news-hub1.bbnplanet.com!www.nntp.primenet.com!nntp.primenet.com!cs.utexas.edu!news.sprintlink.net!news-stk-200.sprintlink.net!news.rns.net!news.ott!news.compmore.net!usenet From: Rachel Salares Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: HELP: currant or gooseberry fruit worm Date: 6 Nov 1996 00:38:11 GMT Organization: Computers & More Inc. Lines: 10 Message-ID: <55omlj$t8b@news.compmore.net> NNTP-Posting-Host: port40.compmore.net Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Mailer: Mozilla 1.1N (Windows; I; 16bit) Am looking for a safer way to control fruitworms in gooseberry bushes. The plants are mature but we get very limited fruit because of the fruit worm. Can anyone suggest and effective but safe way of controlling these worms? I did try Bt once - it didn't help. Any suggestions would be quite welcome - please send replies to salares@compmore.net Thanks! Rachel From owner-plants@net.bio.net Tue Nov 05 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!bcm.tmc.edu!cs.utexas.edu!www.nntp.primenet.com!nntp.primenet.com!arclight.uoregon.edu!news.bc.net!unixg.ubc.ca!kh From: markw@unixg.ubc.ca (Mark Wilkinson) Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: Re: Eucalyptus Date: Wed, 06 Nov 96 19:49:21 GMT Organization: The University of British Columbia Lines: 38 Message-ID: <55qpt6$a4a@nntp.ucs.ubc.ca> References: NNTP-Posting-Host: kh.botany.ubc.ca X-Newsreader: News Xpress Version 1.0 Beta #3 In article , Shannon E Toshach wrote: <>Path: unixg.ubc.ca!van-bc!news.mindlink.net!nntp.portal.ca!news.ironhorse.com!newshu b.csu.net!www.nntp.primenet.com!nntp.primenet.com!howland.erols.net!newsfeed.i nternetmci.com!news.wco.com!hsnx.wco.com!waldorf.csc.calpoly.edu!isnews.csc.ca lpoly.edu!cymbal.aix.calpoly.edu!stoshach <>From: Shannon E Toshach <>Newsgroups: bionet.plants <>Subject: Eucalyptus <>Date: Sun, 3 Nov 1996 20:33:12 -0800 <>Organization: Cal Poly, San Luis Obispo <>Lines: 13 <>Message-ID: <>NNTP-Posting-Host: cymbal.aix.calpoly.edu <>Mime-Version: 1.0 <>Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII <>Status: N <> <> <>Why would the branches of a eucalyptus tree point down rather than up? <> <> <>Shannon Toshach <>stoshach@cymbal.calpoly.edu <>____________________________________________________________________________ __ <>The freshmen bring a little knowledge in and the seniors take none out, <>so it accumulates through the years." -A.L.Lowell <>____________________________________________________________________________ __ <> <> <> I think because this will let the leaves hang downwards so in the mid-day sun the leaves are not getting the full brunt of the sun and thus will not heat up as much and thus save water due to less transpiration From owner-plants@net.bio.net Tue Nov 05 22:00:00 1996 Newsgroups: bionet.plants Path: biosci!rutgers!news.sgi.com!mr.net!www.nntp.primenet.com!nntp.primenet.com!howland.erols.net!newsfeed.internetmci.com!btnet!btnet-feed2!news.compulink.co.uk!cix.compulink.co.uk!usenet From: rwhitehead@cix.compulink.co.uk ("Roger Whitehead") Subject: Re: Hydrangea Message-ID: Organization: Compulink Information eXchange X-Newsreader: Virtual Access Date: Wed, 6 Nov 1996 20:37:14 GMT Lines: 15 We've got one in our back garden, in southern England. I got fed up with its straggly habits last year and gave it a hard pruning almost back to the base. This year it has produced a mass of blooms and is doing so even now. So, don't be tentative - show it who's boss! Roger - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Director, Office Futures, 14 Amy Road, Oxted, Surrey RH8 0PX Tel: +44 1883 713074; fax +44 1883 716793 . From owner-plants@net.bio.net Wed Nov 06 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!bcm.tmc.edu!cs.utexas.edu!www.nntp.primenet.com!nntp.primenet.com!dispatch.news.demon.net!demon!netcom.net.uk!ix.netcom.com!news From: d_micro@ix.netcom.com(Michael L Roginsky ) Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: Re: Cassava Date: 7 Nov 1996 22:03:45 GMT Organization: Netcom Lines: 23 Message-ID: <55tmc1$ram@dfw-ixnews9.ix.netcom.com> References: <55rtd6$coj@vixen.cso.uiuc.edu> NNTP-Posting-Host: atl-ga20-07.ix.netcom.com X-NETCOM-Date: Thu Nov 07 4:03:45 PM CST 1996 In <55rtd6$coj@vixen.cso.uiuc.edu> egrunden@prairienet.org (Eric Grunden) writes: > > > >Approximately how long after "planting" should cassava >be harvested? Does cassava form a true tubor? > > Thanks........ > >-- > ******************* >The Spirit of Nature, a powerful force, > belongs and returns to its creative source. >- Excerpted from The Collective Works of Johnny Pokerface - Yes, cassava forms a tuber covered with a brownish skin. It is used in the Amazon as potato substitute. If I remember it takes about four months from planting, using the slash/burn technique common in that region. It is also made into pies. The plant itself is tall, about six feet. It is a stem hollow in the middle. That's about all I remember....:) Micro. From owner-plants@net.bio.net Wed Nov 06 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!daresbury!nntp-trd.UNINETT.no!news-stkh.gsl.net!news.gsl.net!news-peer.gsl.net!news.gsl.net!newspump.sol.net!www.nntp.primenet.com!nntp.primenet.com!mr.net!news.sgi.com!su-news-hub1.bbnplanet.com!news.bbnplanet.com!cpk-news-hub1.bbnplanet.com!newsfeed.internetmci.com!feed1.news.erols.com!uunet!in2.uu.net!munnari.OZ.AU!news.mel.connect.com.au!news.uwa.edu.au!ud144.dialup.uwa.edu.au!user From: rmas@cyllene.uwa.edu.au (Rob) Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: Agave americana Date: Thu, 07 Nov 1996 16:53:20 +0800 Organization: KP&BG Lines: 8 Message-ID: NNTP-Posting-Host: ud144.dialup.uwa.edu.au Iam currently working on eliminating A.americana from native vegetation and would like to know more about the plant, eg. how did it get to Western Australia, known method of erradication, any other relevant information. Also I would be interested in being contacted by anyone who works with this genus. Thankyou From owner-plants@net.bio.net Wed Nov 06 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!daresbury!not-for-mail From: "Christoph Metelmann" Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: RE: Pawlonia or Paulonia Tree????????? Date: 7 Nov 1996 18:50:18 -0000 Lines: 28 Sender: lpddist@mserv1.dl.ac.uk Distribution: bionet Message-ID: <55tb1a$3t6@mserv1.dl.ac.uk> Reply-To: chandvel@inet.uni-c.dk X-NUPop-Charset: Norwegian/Danish Original-To: rsimms@tpgi.com.au In message Thu, 07 Nov 1996 18:05:45 +1100, rsimms@tpgi.com.au (Ron Simms) writes: > Has anyone any information about a Japanese tree called Paulonia (or > something like that)? It is a very fast growing tree, its timber cannot > be used for construction but can be used for other applications so I've > been told. I would like ANY information anyone has please. > > Please CC me on as well as replying to this group. > > I would appreciate any help. > > Ta. > > Ron Simms > > -- > It is the friends that you can call up > at 4:00 in the morning that matter. > -Marlene Dietrich > > Ron Simms > Hi, I wonder if there is not some confusion. There is a Paulownia (tomentosa) but fast growing? That would be an Ailanthus (altissima). Chris From owner-plants@net.bio.net Wed Nov 06 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!bcm.tmc.edu!news.msfc.nasa.gov!newsfeed.internetmci.com!feed1.news.erols.com!uunet!in3.uu.net!newstf01.news.aol.com!audrey01.news.aol.com!newsbf02.news.aol.com!not-for-mail From: brateaver@aol.com (BRateaver) Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: Re: Video wanted, THE SECRET LIFE OF PLANTS Date: 7 Nov 1996 02:57:14 -0500 Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364) Lines: 5 Sender: root@newsbf02.news.aol.com Message-ID: <55s4oq$kh7@newsbf02.news.aol.com> References: <55oc7o$ken@dfw-ixnews12.ix.netcom.com> NNTP-Posting-Host: newsbf02.news-fddi.aol.com X-Newsreader: AOL Offline Reader That was the title of the book by the late Christopher Bird and Peter Tompkins. I never heard that it was also made into a video. If you know that it was, please tell me about it. B. Rateaver From owner-plants@net.bio.net Wed Nov 06 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!bcm.tmc.edu!cs.utexas.edu!howland.erols.net!newspump.sol.net!news.mindspring.com!realtime.net!news3.buffnet.net!buffnet2.buffnet.net!news.missouri.edu!mv!news.sprintlink.net!news-fw-22.sprintlink.net!news.ltec.net!news-admin From: mk95528@navix.net (mk95528) Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: ALL ABOUT MARIHUANA Date: Tue, 29 Oct 1996 20:28:41 GMT Organization: MARGIE'S ENTERPRISES Lines: 8 Message-ID: <328068ea.19058206@news.navix.net> NNTP-Posting-Host: xyp74p4.ltec.net Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Newsreader: Forte Agent .99f/16.299 Over in "alt.herbs.folklore" posted today is a couple of articles about the herb that is real information, and worth the trip, and worth saving on a diskette. Don't miss out! Sincerely; Margie http://www.alice.net/pers/antiqque.htm Margie's Rare Books and Plant Clipart From owner-plants@net.bio.net Wed Nov 06 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!bcm.tmc.edu!cs.utexas.edu!howland.erols.net!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!prairienet.org!egrunden From: egrunden@prairienet.org (Eric Grunden) Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: Cassava Date: 7 Nov 1996 05:51:34 GMT Organization: University of Illinois at Urbana Lines: 12 Message-ID: <55rtd6$coj@vixen.cso.uiuc.edu> Reply-To: egrunden@prairienet.org (Eric Grunden) NNTP-Posting-Host: firefly.prairienet.org Approximately how long after "planting" should cassava be harvested? Does cassava form a true tubor? Thanks........ -- ******************* The Spirit of Nature, a powerful force, belongs and returns to its creative source. - Excerpted from The Collective Works of Johnny Pokerface - From owner-plants@net.bio.net Wed Nov 06 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!BRIC.POSTECH.AC.KR!mhlee From: mhlee@BRIC.POSTECH.AC.KR (Min-Ho Lee) Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: [Q] : Chromosome of Crassulaceae? Date: 6 Nov 1996 18:14:21 -0800 Organization: BRIC Lines: 7 Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: world Message-ID: <32814606.6E8A@bric.postech.ac.kr> Reply-To: mhlee@bric.postech.ac.kr NNTP-Posting-Host: net.bio.net Hello! I hope to know anything about chromosome information (number, meiosis pattern, nucleolus,Researcher,...) of Crassulaceae (Orostachys species). Min-Ho Lee : mhlee@bric.postech.ac.kr BRIC (Biological Research Information Center), POSTECH http://bric.postech.ac.kr From owner-plants@net.bio.net Wed Nov 06 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!bcm.tmc.edu!news.msfc.nasa.gov!newsfeed.internetmci.com!act.news.telstra.net!nsw.news.telstra.net!tpgi.com.au!cof-ppp-035.tpgi.com.au!user From: rsimms@tpgi.com.au (Ron Simms) Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: Pawlonia or Paulonia Tree????????? Date: Thu, 07 Nov 1996 18:05:45 +1100 Organization: A Customer of TPG Internet Pty Ltd Lines: 19 Message-ID: NNTP-Posting-Host: cof-ppp-035.tpgi.com.au Has anyone any information about a Japanese tree called Paulonia (or something like that)? It is a very fast growing tree, its timber cannot be used for construction but can be used for other applications so I've been told. I would like ANY information anyone has please. Please CC me on as well as replying to this group. I would appreciate any help. Ta. Ron Simms -- It is the friends that you can call up at 4:00 in the morning that matter. -Marlene Dietrich Ron Simms From owner-plants@net.bio.net Wed Nov 06 22:00:00 1996 Path: biosci!IASTATE.EDU!becraft From: becraft@IASTATE.EDU (Phil Becraft) Newsgroups: bionet.plants Subject: Developmental Geneticist position Date: 7 Nov 1996 09:51:37 -0800 Organization: BIOSCI International Newsgroups for Molecular Biology Lines: 42 Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: world Message-ID: <199611071751.LAA12074@mailhub.iastate.edu> NNTP-Posting-Host: net.bio.net On October 4, 1996 the following advertisement ran in Science. There appears to be a reluctance for plant people to apply because of the department name. Plant people will be seriously considered for this position and are encouraged to apply. The department contains a number of plant people already and there is ample opportunity to interact with members of the Agronomy, Botany, Plant Pathology and Horticulture Departments, particularly through interdepartmental programs on campus. We look foward to your applications. DEVELOPMENTAL GENETICIST Iowa