From owner-population-bio@net.bio.net Sun Aug 01 17:26:00 1999 Path: biosci!fcs280s.ncifcrf.gov!fcrdcnews.NCIFCRF.GOV!washdc3-snf1!cpk-news-hub1.bbnplanet.com!news.gtei.net!wn3feed!worldnet.att.net!wnmaster2!not-for-mail From: "Richard Braun" Newsgroups: bionet.population-bio Subject: overpopulation Date: Sun, 1 Aug 1999 09:56:55 -0400 Organization: AT&T WorldNet Services Lines: 7 Message-ID: <7o1jos$bnk$1@bgtnsc03.worldnet.att.net> Reply-To: "Richard Braun" NNTP-Posting-Host: 12.77.24.115 X-Trace: bgtnsc03.worldnet.att.net 933515868 12020 12.77.24.115 (1 Aug 1999 13:57:48 GMT) X-Complaints-To: abuse@worldnet.att.net NNTP-Posting-Date: 1 Aug 1999 13:57:48 GMT X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Newsreader: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2014.211 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2014.211 Some time ago there was an experiment involving rats in a cage, involving gradual increases in rat population to the point where the animals would turn cannibalistic. There was always adequate food and water. Does anyone recall these experiments (I believe they were Russian) and provide references? From owner-population-bio@net.bio.net Tue Aug 03 13:35:00 1999 Path: biosci!pravda.ucr.edu!awabi.library.ucla.edu!128.32.206.55!newsfeed.berkeley.edu!intgwpad.nntp.telstra.net!news1.optus.net.au!optus!ozemail.com.au!not-for-mail From: "David Coutts" Newsgroups: bionet.population-bio Subject: "6 Billion" - The Game Of The New Millennium Lines: 20 Organization: BOARD NOT BORED GAMES X-Newsreader: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.3110.5 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3110.3 Message-ID: Date: Wed, 4 Aug 1999 00:34:25 +1000 NNTP-Posting-Host: 203.108.127.28 X-Trace: ozemail.com.au 933690535 203.108.127.28 (Wed, 04 Aug 1999 00:28:55 EST) NNTP-Posting-Date: Wed, 04 Aug 1999 00:28:55 EST Distribution: world Hi, Interested in a board game about the exponential population growth and the human colonisation of our solar system? invented a board game called "6 Billion" which I produced through my own company "Board Not Bored Games":- http://www.bnbg.com.au/~bnbgames/bnbg.htm There's an example of play: http://www.bnbg.com.au/~bnbgames/6billionEG.htm For a recent game session report, try the Billabong Boardgamers web page: http://www.ozemail.com.au/~dcoutts/Billabong/01081999.htm Bye for now, David From owner-population-bio@net.bio.net Tue Aug 03 19:50:00 1999 Path: biosci!newshost.lanl.gov!logbridge.uoregon.edu!news.maxwell.syr.edu!newsfeed.wirehub.nl!IRIS.global-one.nl!gate.news.unisource.nl!news.wxs.nl!not-for-mail From: Jan Veenstra Newsgroups: bionet.population-bio Subject: Re: overpopulation Date: Tue, 03 Aug 1999 22:47:21 +0200 Organization: Lines: 22 Message-ID: <37A75559.4034@thuispagina.voor.adres> References: <7o1jos$bnk$1@bgtnsc03.worldnet.att.net> Reply-To: Look@homepage.4.adress NNTP-Posting-Host: nm0213-2.dial.wxs.nl Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Trace: reader2.wxs.nl 933712949 905440 195.121.52.213 (3 Aug 1999 20:42:29 GMT) X-Complaints-To: abuse@wxs.nl NNTP-Posting-Date: 3 Aug 1999 20:42:29 GMT X-Mailer: Mozilla 3.01C-WXS-32 (Win95; I) Richard Braun wrote: > > Some time ago there was an experiment involving rats in a cage, involving > gradual increases in rat population to the point where the animals would > turn cannibalistic. There was always adequate food and water. Does anyone > recall these experiments (I believe they were Russian) and provide > references? Yes, I do recall those experiments. I found a book that refers to this and has some interesting comments on this experiment: Frans de Waal, 'Good natured' The book refers to the experiment somewhere in the end. (Sorry, cannot give the page number because my copy is in Dutch.) The book is concerned with morality and evolution. -- Groeten: J.V. * http://home.wxs.nl/~veens704/index.html >> NIEUW!: Met foto's van Queensland, Australie << > Aan het matrix-experiment wordt nog steeds gewerkt< Zie thuispagina voor het mailadres. Geen reclame s.v.p. From owner-population-bio@net.bio.net Wed Aug 04 03:02:00 1999 Path: biosci!ECNET.EC!jumoline From: jumoline@ECNET.EC ("Julio Molineros") Newsgroups: bionet.population-bio Subject: unsuscribe Date: 3 Aug 1999 21:02:20 -0700 Organization: BIOSCI International Newsgroups for Molecular Biology Lines: 4 Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: world Message-ID: <199908040349.WAA90492@ecnet.ec> Reply-To: jumoline@ECNET.ec NNTP-Posting-Host: net.bio.net unsubscribe Julio Molineros Internet: jumoline@pi.pro.ec From owner-population-bio@net.bio.net Thu Aug 05 08:55:00 1999 Path: biosci!epfl.ch!dario.floreano From: dario.floreano@epfl.ch (Dario Floreano) Newsgroups: bionet.population-bio Subject: Alife event coming up: ECAL'99 Date: 5 Aug 1999 02:55:34 -0700 Organization: BIOSCI International Newsgroups for Molecular Biology Lines: 45 Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: world Message-ID: NNTP-Posting-Host: net.bio.net ***Apologies if you receive this announcement more than once*** Call for Participation - ECAL'99 THE 5th EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON ARTIFICIAL LIFE 13-17 September 1999, Lausanne, Switzerland http://www.epfl.ch/ecal99 Registration includes: - Keynote lectures: H. Meinhardt, W. Hamilton, L. Steels, T. Lenton - Evening talk at conference banquet: C. Langton - 50 contributed + 2 invited talks - 40 posters - 6 tutorials - 12 demonstrations (robots, living ants, software, etc.) - Artificial Life Contest - 2 workshops + and also: - conference banquet - all lunches - refreshments and parties - local transportation tickets (or parking ticket) - proceedings by Springer Verlag - discounted tickets on Swissair, ECAL'99 Official Carrier Full program and registration forms available on the web site: http://www.epfl.ch/ecal99 or ecal99@epfl.ch *Student Discounts* Organised by: Dario Floreano, Francesco Mondada, Jean-Daniel Nicoud LAMI-Mantra, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL) *Satellite Events at ECAL'99 site*: - 8-10 September: International Course on Behavior-Based and Bio-inspired Robotics, organized by Dario Floreano Lecturers: R. Arkin, D. Floreano, T. Gomi Theory and exercises. Informations at http://www.epfl.ch/ecal99 - 18 September: EWLR'99, 8th European Workshop on Learning Robots, organised by J. Wyatt and J. Demiris, http://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/~jlw/ewlr From owner-population-bio@net.bio.net Fri Aug 06 10:20:00 1999 Path: biosci!newshost.lanl.gov!logbridge.uoregon.edu!leto.backbone.ou.edu!news.ecn.ou.edu!news1.optus.net.au!optus!ozemail.com.au!not-for-mail From: "David Coutts" Newsgroups: bionet.population-bio References: <19990728120155.25928.00000022@ng-bj1.aol.com> Subject: Re: Need formula for exponential population growth. Lines: 56 X-Newsreader: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.3110.5 X-Mimeole: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3110.3 Message-ID: Date: Fri, 6 Aug 1999 21:18:54 +1000 NNTP-Posting-Host: 210.84.139.113 X-Trace: ozemail.com.au 933937993 210.84.139.113 (Fri, 06 Aug 1999 21:13:13 EST) NNTP-Posting-Date: Fri, 06 Aug 1999 21:13:13 EST Organization: OzEmail Ltd, Australia Distribution: world At an anuual growth rate of 1% a population will double every 72 years. Roughly speaking, if you divide the percentage increase into 70 then you get the doubling rate. This is easily proven using a basic calculator. Multiply 1.01 by 1 (enter 1.01, press X, enter 1, press =) , and then keep pressing "=" until you get 2. It will take you about 70 presses (actually, 72). Try this again with1.02 and you get about 35 presses. Now, even assuming a meagre population increase of 0.5% per annum, your population will double every 140 years. If this rate is sustained for only 1,400 years (a long time for a person, but not for humanity), you will convert 6 billion people (6,000,000) into over 6 trillion in just ten doublings! Remember, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, 1024! If the 1 represents 1 billion, ten doublings becomes over 1 trillion. This is exponential growth! Earth's population is growing at just under 2%, but slowing... However, as Paul Ehrlich, in Chapter 1 of "The Population Explosion", puts it: "The slowdown has only been from a peak annual growth rate of perhaps 2.1 percent in the 1960s to about 1.8 percent in 1990. To put this change in perspective, the population's doubling time has been extended from thirty-three years to thirty-nine." That's what my game "6 Billion" is about! Regards, David XJprZ wrote in message <19990728120155.25928.00000022@ng-bj1.aol.com>... >I would like to calculate the projected increase in population size of the >human population between 2000 and 2100 given the following: > >1) beginning population, year 2000: 6 billion >2) time frame: 100 years (to 2100) >3) average annual growth rate: 1 percent > >Note: I would also like to vary the growth rate and time to get diff. >projections. > >How is this done? I can't get a single demographer on planet earth to tell me >this. Strange. I guess they think it is obvious. I thought it was like >calculating interest on a bank account. For the first year that is easy. The >problem is compounding it year after year. > >Please help. Thanks. >blue2000 From owner-population-bio@net.bio.net Wed Aug 11 00:10:00 1999 Path: biosci!rutgers!gatech!207.138.35.59.MISMATCH!nntp.primenet.com!nntp.gctr.net!dispose.news.demon.net!demon!colt.net!newsfeed.icl.net!newsfeed1.news.nl.uu.net!sun4nl!uunet!ams.uu.net!ffx.uu.net!news7-gui.server.ntli.net!ntli.net!not-for-mail From: Newsgroups: bionet.population-bio Subject: Assistance required from anyone in the UK Date: 11 Aug 1999 00:46:11 GMT Organization: NTL Internet News Service Message-ID: <7oqh4j$l5k$2578@nclient7-gui.server.ntli.net> NNTP-Posting-Host: p44-castor-gui.tch.cableol.net X-Trace: nclient7-gui.server.ntli.net 934332371 21684 194.168.5.44 (11 Aug 1999 00:46:11 GMT) X-Complaints-To: postmaster@ntli.net NNTP-Posting-Date: 11 Aug 1999 00:46:11 GMT Lines: 12 Hello, people . . . Has anyone in the UK tried Totalserve free access because Ive been asked to market it and I'd never heard of it before. Its new but I would like some feedback about it as I don't want to add a naff service to my range!! Me and a few people I know have tried it and it seems either very stable and fast or completely unable to connect depending what hardware you use!!!! If there is anyone who isn't on it who wants to give it a whirl and give some feedback I'd be grateful, you can access it through my site at http://www.puk.co.uk you can hook up direct from there without a disc. You can either reply to this with feedback or email me at web@puk.co.uk Many thanks for any assistance you can provide Adrian Paris 21st Century UK Internet and Telecoms Services www.puk.co.uk web@puk.co.uk I appolagise if this is a repost, my program crashed last time . . . From owner-population-bio@net.bio.net Wed Aug 11 08:01:00 1999 Path: biosci!internet!biosci!not-for-mail From: biohelp (BIOSCI Administrator) Newsgroups: bionet.population-bio Subject: BIOSCI/bionet miniFAQ & Fundraiser Date: 11 Aug 1999 02:00:33 -0700 Organization: BIOSCI International Newsgroups for Molecular Biology Lines: 233 Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: world Message-ID: <199908110900.CAA13009@net.bio.net> NNTP-Posting-Host: net.bio.net (LAST REVISION: 30-JUL-95) This BIOSCI "miniFAQ" is designed to answer the questions that come up the *most frequently*. The main BIOSCI FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions) is accessible on the World Wide Web at URL http://www.bio.net/. If you can not find an answer to your question in this or other documentation, the BIOSCI technical support staff answers e-mail queries sent to biosci-help@net.bio.net We can only answer questions about the use of the newsgroups and mailing lists. We unfortunately do not have the staff to do Internet information searches or answer scientific questions. Please post those to the appropriate BIOSCI/bionet newsgroups. Contents: -------- 0) BIOSCI NEEDS YOUR SUPPORT!! 1) Using the WWW to access the BIOSCI/bionet newsgroups. 2) What to do about "spams," i.e., junk mail, ads, etc. 3) Examples of subscribing and unsubscribing to the mailing lists. 4) The BIOSCI user address and research interest directory. 0) BIOSCI NEEDS YOUR SUPPORT!! ------------------------------ BIOSCI's government funding has been expended, and we are now operating solely from advertising revenue that we have raised from our Web site at http://www.bio.net/. We need just a few minutes of your time to help us serve you. You can do two important things which will take very little time for you individually and will immensely help us continue to help you. First, please use our WWW system at http://www.bio.net/ to access the archives. You can post or reply to messages via your Web browser as described in item #1 below. Your usage helps attract sponsors. If you contact any of our sponsors, please be sure to thank them for supporting BIOSCI. It is critical for them to get this feedback if they are to continue their sponsorship for the long term. Second, if you work for a company or organization that provides products or services of interest to the biology community, please pass this message on to your marketing or marketing communications department or other appropriate group. Please ask them to help support BIOSCI by sponsoring our Web site and explain the uses and benefits of the system to the biology community. If they are interested, they can then contact us for further information at our tech support address, biosci-help@net.bio.net. 1) Using the WWW to access the BIOSCI/bionet newsgroups. -------------------------------------------------------- As of 10 December 1995, all BIOSCI/bionet full newsgroups are accessible through the World Wide Web (WWW) at URL http://www.bio.net. One can read and reply publicly or privately to both recent postings and archived messages through one's Web browser if it is configured properly to send e-mail. Each newsgroup is equipped with its own WAIS index. The main BIOSCI home page also has access to the BIO-JOURNALS Table of Contents database WAIS index and the BIOSCI user address database described in another item further below. 2) What to do about "spams," i.e., junk mail, ads, etc. ------------------------------------------------------- BIOSCI is a set of parallel USENET newsgroups (the "bionet" groups), mailing lists, and a hypermail archive at URL http://www.bio.net/. The same postings are distributed on all media (except for a small number of mailing-list-only groups at net.bio.net). Unfortunately it is becoming a despicable practice on the Internet (by a few people out to make a fast buck) to do automated mass postings to thousands of newsgroups and mailing lists. These attempts to grab free advertising are refered to as "spams" in the usual, somewhat boneheaded, net terminology. USENET is more susceptible to this practice, and many spams originate on the USENET groups and then are passed on to the mailing lists. However, spammers also get lists of mailing addresses and hit these too, so neither medium is immune. What should you do personally if you get junk mail? --------------------------------------------------- Just delete it and move on without reading it further. Filing a protest is becoming increasingly useless because spammers are often disguising the addresses where the messages are sent from. Unless you really understand Internet mail systems, your attempt at protest by sending replies to the message will often end up being sent to the address of an innocent person that the spammer is victimizing. What can BIOSCI/bionet do to protect its newsgroups? ---------------------------------------------------- The only solution currently available is to moderate the newsgroup. If this newsgroup is already moderated, then you are in good shape. Moderation protects the USENET distribution from about 95% of the spams that are being sent to date and protects the mailing lists completely. Moderation means, however, that someone has to take the time to review each message before it goes out. We have set up software here that simply allows the moderator to forward to an address at net.bio.net messages that (s)he wishes to have distributed. This takes no more time than that needed to read the message and pass it on, say about 1 min. per message. Most newsgroups currently have a discussion leader who is responsible for their newsgroup. The discussions leaders and their e-mail addresses are listed in the BIOSCI Information Sheet which is available on the Web at http://www.bio.net/. If a newsgroup is being hit with too many junk postings, please contact the discussion leader for that group and see if there is interest in moderating the group. Please do not assume that by simply posting a complaint to the newsgroup itself, anyone on the BIOSCI staff will act on your complaint. With close to 100 newsgroups to run, the BIOSCI staff has to rely on the discussion leaders of each newsgroup to report problems directly to us at biosci-help@net.bio.net. We will moderate any of our newsgroups if the discussion leader tells us that the readership of the group wishes to do so and if a moderator is willing to do the work. For most BIOSCI/bionet groups, this entails only a few minutes of work each day. Moderating a newsgroup will resolve probably 95% of the junk postings on the USENET distribution. Unfortunately there are easy ways for determined spammers to override the moderation mechanism on USENET, but we can protect our e-mail subscribers from unwanted postings if the newsgroup is moderated. You can also access our newsgroups over the WWW at URL http://www.bio.net. While this Web interface will not stop spammers from trying to post to the groups, this will give you yet another way, besides using USENET news, to keep the junk out of your personal mail files. For those of you with local USENET news systems, the Web interface will also give you faster access to new newsgroups and recent postings. 3) Examples of subscribing and unsubscribing to the mailing lists. ------------------------------------------------------------------ PLEASE NOTE: The BIOSCI management does NOT act on subscription/unsubscription requests that are posted improperly to the newsgroups and mailing lists. People who do this only bother everyone on the lists to no avail. Please be sure to follow the proper procedures below. Gory details are in the BIOSCI Information sheets on the Web at http://www.bio.net. Below we give an example utilizing the METHODS-AND-REAGENTS list at both of our two BIOSCI sites: Users in the Americas and Pacific Rim countries who use the BIOSCI ------------------------------------------------------------------ node at computer net.bio.net: ---------------------------- A) Determine the "listname" which is the <=8 character mail address ^^^^^^^^^^^^^ for the group. These can be found in the BIOSCI Info. Sheet. For the METHODS-AND-REAGENTS group the mailing address is methods@net.bio.net. The listname is the portion of the address to the left of the @ sign, i.e., "methods". The listname is used with the "subscribe" and "unsubscribe" commands illustrated below. B) Mail all commands in the body of a mail message addressed to biosci-server@net.bio.net. Do NOT send commands to the newsgroup posting addresses! Leave the Subject: line blank, any text on it will be ignored. C) In the body of your message put one or more of the following commands with an "end" command on the last line, e.g., subscribe methods unsubscribe methods end Do NOT put your e-mail address or other text on these lines. The server only allows you to cancel your subscription if the address on your mail header matches the address on our mailing list. Please ask for help at biosci-help@net.bio.net if your address has changed, e.g., if you know you are on the list but the server tells you that you are not a member. Users in Europe, Africa, and Central Asia who use the BIOSCI node at -------------------------------------------------------------------- computer daresbury.ac.uk (also known as dl.ac.uk): ------------------------------------------------- To subscribe and unsubscribe to/from the BIOSCI lists, you need to specify the full USENET newsgroup name with "bionet-news." prepended. The USENET newsgroup names are listed in the BIOSCI Information sheet on the Web at http://www.bio.net/. For the METHODS-AND-REAGENTS list the USENET newsgroup name is bionet.molbio.methds-reagnts, thus the appropriate commands are sub bionet-news.bionet.molbio.methds-reagnts unsub bionet-news.bionet.molbio.methds-reagnts These commands are included in a message addressed to mxt@dl.ac.uk, NOT to the newsgroup mailing addresses. As usual, include the text in the body of the message as text on the Subject: line is ignored. To unsubscribe from all the lists at the UK node, use unsub bionet-news Please note that if the address in the list is different than the one in your mail message header, you will not be able to unsubscribe by this method. If you have problems, please mail biosci@daresbury.ac.uk. 4) The BIOSCI user address and research interest directory. ----------------------------------------------------------- Please take this opportunity to add your name, address, and research interest information to the BIOSCI User Address Database if you have not already done so. You can fill out the address form directly through our Web page at URL http://www.bio.net/adrform.html. The address database is reindexed nightly for WWW access (the URL is http://www.bio.net/). If you are not directly on the Internet but can reach it by e-mail, please use our waismail server to access the user directory. waismail use is described above. You can also request a user address form by e-mail from biosci-help@net.bio.net. Please check your database entry from time-to-time to see if your address information is still up-to-date. Because of our limited personnel resources, we ask that you resubmit a *complete* form to revise your entry; we only replace complete entries and do not have resources to edit old forms. From owner-population-bio@net.bio.net Sun Aug 15 17:12:00 1999 Path: biosci!news.stanford.edu!newsfeed.stanford.edu!uchinews2!newsswitch.lcs.mit.edu!newsfeed.cwix.com!129.250.35.146!iad-peer.news.verio.net!news.verio.net!iad-artgen.news.verio.net!iad-read.news.verio.net.POSTED!not-for-mail Message-ID: <37B70158.81ACFDE7@wycol.com> From: Donna Kowalewski X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 [en] (Win95; I) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 Newsgroups: bionet.population-bio Subject: Re: Need formula for exponential population growth. References: <19990728120155.25928.00000022@ng-bj1.aol.com> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Lines: 23 Date: Sun, 15 Aug 1999 14:05:12 -0400 NNTP-Posting-Host: 216.42.86.104 X-Complaints-To: abuse@verio.net X-Trace: iad-read.news.verio.net 934740335 216.42.86.104 (Sun, 15 Aug 1999 18:05:35 GMT) NNTP-Posting-Date: Sun, 15 Aug 1999 18:05:35 GMT Organization: Verio I seem to remember hearing that every 30 years, the population of the earth doubles. XJprZ wrote: > I would like to calculate the projected increase in population size of the > human population between 2000 and 2100 given the following: > > 1) beginning population, year 2000: 6 billion > 2) time frame: 100 years (to 2100) > 3) average annual growth rate: 1 percent > > Note: I would also like to vary the growth rate and time to get diff. > projections. > > How is this done? I can't get a single demographer on planet earth to tell me > this. Strange. I guess they think it is obvious. I thought it was like > calculating interest on a bank account. For the first year that is easy. The > problem is compounding it year after year. > > Please help. Thanks. > blue2000 From owner-population-bio@net.bio.net Sun Aug 15 18:14:00 1999 Path: biosci!rutgers!newshost.nmt.edu!newshost.lanl.gov!logbridge.uoregon.edu!uwm.edu!alpha3.csd.uwm.edu!jboxhorn From: jboxhorn@alpha3.csd.uwm.edu (Joseph E Boxhorn) Newsgroups: bionet.population-bio Subject: Re: Need formula for exponential population growth. Date: 15 Aug 1999 19:06:30 GMT Organization: University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee Lines: 68 Message-ID: <7p733m$1ls$1@uwm.edu> References: <37B70158.81ACFDE7@wycol.com> Reply-To: jboxhorn@alpha3.csd.uwm.edu NNTP-Posting-Host: 129.89.169.203 Originator: jboxhorn@alpha3.csd.uwm.edu From article <37B70158.81ACFDE7@wycol.com>, by Donna Kowalewski : > I seem to remember hearing that every 30 years, the population of the earth > doubles. > > XJprZ wrote: > >> I would like to calculate the projected increase in population size of the >> human population between 2000 and 2100 given the following: >> >> 1) beginning population, year 2000: 6 billion >> 2) time frame: 100 years (to 2100) >> 3) average annual growth rate: 1 percent >> >> Note: I would also like to vary the growth rate and time to get diff. >> projections. >> >> How is this done? I can't get a single demographer on planet earth to tell me >> this. Strange. I guess they think it is obvious. I thought it was like >> calculating interest on a bank account. For the first year that is easy. The >> problem is compounding it year after year. >> >> Please help. Thanks. >> blue2000 If all you're looking to do is model it as exponential growth, you can use the formula N(t) = N(0) x e^(rt), where N(t) is the population size at the end of the time period you're interested in, N(0) is the size at the beginning, e is the base of natural logrithms, r is the growth rate, and t is the amount of time passed. For a measure of "biotic potential" this works quite well. As a predictive device for the future size of human populations you can get equally good results as this model by using the random number generator of your choice. To get make a reasonable model of human populations you have to take age structure into account. Reproductively, different aged women are, on average, doing very different things. The annual birth rate for 7 year old women, for example, is much different from that of 27 year old women. Any number of books on population ecology will discuss how to construct age structured models, the technique goes back to Lotka in the 1920s. Keen and Spain's book "Computer simulation in biology: a BASIC approach" gives fairly readable instructions on how to do this. A word of caution about the meaning of predictions generated by this sort of model. The results can be rather sensitive to the assumptions made in constructing the model. Changing a parameter such as age at first reproduction a small amount can result in a major change in the population size that the model predicts after, say, fifty years. It is not a safe practice to assume that these parameters stay constant over time. The reduction in the birth rate in countries like Thailand over the last couple of decades illustrates this well as does the decline in the averge family size in a number of countries. The best things that you can do is to either get an estimate based on present trends continuing or to generate a series of "what ifs". -- ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Joseph Boxhorn (jboxhorn@uwm.edu) Counter Culture Laboratory Department of Biological Sciences University of Wisconsin--Milwaukee "But if there's no Silicon Heaven, where do the calculators go?" From owner-population-bio@net.bio.net Mon Aug 16 12:17:00 1999 Path: biosci!rutgers!uwm.edu!arclight.uoregon.edu!logbridge.uoregon.edu!newsswitch.lcs.mit.edu!newsfeed.enteract.com!hermes.visi.com!news-out.visi.com!gate.bCandid.com.MISMATCH!gw12.nn.bcandid.com!gate.bCandid.com!typ12.nn.bcandid.com.POSTED!not-for-mail From: "Zero Population Growth's Email Action Network" Newsgroups: alt.activism.student,alt.contraceptives,alt.feminism,alt.feminism.individualism,alt.health,alt.planning.urban,alt.support.childfree,bionet.population-bio Subject: Email Activism -- Support women and the environment by email!!! Lines: 44 X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Newsreader: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2314.1300 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2314.1300 Message-ID: <25Ut3.600$f4.63126@typ12.nn.bcandid.com> NNTP-Posting-Host: 207.233.141.126 X-Trace: typ12.nn.bcandid.com 934809022 207.233.141.126 (Mon, 16 Aug 1999 09:10:22 EDT) NNTP-Posting-Date: Mon, 16 Aug 1999 09:10:22 EDT Date: Mon, 16 Aug 1999 09:20:43 -0400 Zero Population Growth's new EMAIL ACTION NETWORK!!! This is the quickest, simplest, most convenient way to make an impact! Take action on key population issues! Go to http://www.actionnetwork.org/ZPGAction and sign up today. We'll send you email alerts on issues ranging from international family planning and contraceptive coverage in health insurance to sprawl and growth management. Just reply and your email we'll convert your email to a fax and send it to its destination. Please visit our website at www.zpg.org. If you have any questions please email e-action@zpg.org. If you have general questions about ZPG, feel free to send an email to info@zpg.org. __________________________ More about ZPG... ZPG advocates a specific action that includes: adoption of a national population policy aimed at reducing unwanted pregnancies; enhanced educational and employment opportunities for women; adolescent pregnancy prevention programs; access to safe and affordable contraceptives; reproductive choice; stronger environmental protection; reduction of wasteful consumption; and increased foreign aid for basic education, child survival and voluntary family planning. ZPG believes that critical to all issues is the empowerment of women worldwide and universal access to save, effective and affordable family planning. We believe all efforts must be voluntary. Coercive methods are immoral, unethical and don't work. Empowering women works! Also, support Family Planning Call-In Day!!! Spread the word! It will be observed on Oct. 12, the Day the U.N. predicts the world's population to reach 6 billion. Whether world population goes to 8, 10 or 12 billion will depend largely on policy decisions and individual actions in the next decade. On Oct. 12th call your representatives in congress and urge them to support expanded access to family planning and insurance coverage of contraceptives! Don't know who your Representative or Senators are? Call the Capitol Switchboard at 202-224-3121 and they will tell you who your representatives are. From owner-population-bio@net.bio.net Tue Aug 24 15:18:00 1999 Path: biosci!news.stanford.edu!newsfeed.stanford.edu!paloalto-snf1.gtei.net!news.gtei.net!pulsar.dimensional.com!dimensional.com!hermes.visi.com!news-out.visi.com!newspeer.monmouth.com!sunqbc.risq.qc.ca!freenix!wanadoo.fr!not-for-mail From: "interet" Newsgroups: bionet.population-bio,fr.biz.teletravail,sci.bio.food-science,soc.culture.canada,soc.culture.usa Subject: RECH GOURMANDS Date: Tue, 24 Aug 1999 18:10:34 +0200 Organization: Wanadoo, l'internet avec France Telecom Lines: 18 Message-ID: <7pug6a$qlq$1@wanadoo.fr> NNTP-Posting-Host: tntrou12-86.abo.wanadoo.fr X-Trace: wanadoo.fr 935511050 27322 164.138.82.86 (24 Aug 1999 16:10:50 GMT) X-Complaints-To: abuse@wanadoo.fr NNTP-Posting-Date: 24 Aug 1999 16:10:50 GMT X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Newsreader: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2014.211 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2014.211 > Bonjour si les plaisirs de la table vous font gargouiller le ventre alors > vous etes aptes au service des betas gourmands de France. > Notre objectif en relation avec des producteurs français et etrangers vous > faire découvrir de nouveaux produits en avant première de qualité et > extraordinaires ... des confitures, aux piments, à des recettes inédites, des > découvertes de chocolats ... > Vous serez heureux d'adhérer à notre béta programme 1000 Internaures, mais > 1000 gourmands alors si vous voulez vous inscrire envoyez nous un email nous > vous enverrons le dossier d'inscription. > > INTERET@WANADOO.FR From owner-population-bio@net.bio.net Tue Aug 24 17:08:00 1999 Path: biosci!news.stanford.edu!newsfeed.stanford.edu!logbridge.uoregon.edu!dispose.news.demon.net!demon!grolier!club-internet!not-for-mail From: "Jean-François TRASSART" Newsgroups: bionet.population-bio,fr.biz.teletravail,sci.bio.food-science,soc.culture.canada,soc.culture.usa Subject: Re: RECH GOURMANDS Date: Tue, 24 Aug 1999 20:00:33 +0200 Organization: INDUSTRIP Message-ID: <7pumla$q68$1@front6m.grolier.fr> References: <7pug6a$qlq$1@wanadoo.fr> NNTP-Posting-Host: nancy-2-39.club-internet.fr X-Trace: front6m.grolier.fr 935517674 26824 195.36.193.39 (24 Aug 1999 18:01:14 GMT) NNTP-Posting-Date: 24 Aug 1999 18:01:14 GMT X-Newsreader: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.3110.5 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3110.3 Lines: 26 Il y a un bug dans votre adresse. interet a écrit dans le message <7pug6a$qlq$1@wanadoo.fr>... > > > >> Bonjour si les plaisirs de la table vous font gargouiller le ventre alors >> vous etes aptes au service des betas gourmands de France. >> Notre objectif en relation avec des producteurs français et etrangers vous >> faire découvrir de nouveaux produits en avant première de qualité et >> extraordinaires ... des confitures, aux piments, à des recettes inédites, >des >> découvertes de chocolats ... >> Vous serez heureux d'adhérer à notre béta programme 1000 Internaures, mais >> 1000 gourmands alors si vous voulez vous inscrire envoyez nous un email >nous >> vous enverrons le dossier d'inscription. >> >> INTERET@WANADOO.FR > > From owner-population-bio@net.bio.net Thu Aug 26 04:03:00 1999 Path: biosci!bcm.tmc.edu!news.msfc.nasa.gov!europa.netcrusader.net!199.60.229.5!newsfeed.direct.ca!brick.direct.ca!quark.idirect.com.POSTED!not-for-mail From: swgtdk@;lfkqprwm93dsjf.com Newsgroups: alt.naughty.pictures,uk.local.midlands,fidonet.atheism,bionet.population-bio,aol.neighborhood.az.phoenix.marketplace Subject: Save By Clicking 2096 Lines: 5 Message-ID: Date: Thu, 26 Aug 1999 04:56:42 GMT NNTP-Posting-Host: 207.168.143.8 X-Complaints-To: abuse@idirect.com X-Trace: quark.idirect.com 935643402 207.168.143.8 (Thu, 26 Aug 1999 00:56:42 EDT) NNTP-Posting-Date: Thu, 26 Aug 1999 00:56:42 EDT Organization: via Internet Direct - http://www.mydirect.com/ one-stop Internet shopping. Surf, shop, and order thousands of items from various merchants, all in one place. www.savebyclicking.com uyrgemjpdtojwfw From owner-population-bio@net.bio.net Tue Aug 31 09:21:00 1999 Path: biosci!newshost.lanl.gov!awabi.library.ucla.edu!209.50.235.254!europa.netcrusader.net!192.148.253.68!netnews.com!chnws02.mediaone.net!24.128.1.101!chnws05.ne.mediaone.net!24.128.60.9!ndnws01.ne.mediaone.net.POSTED!not-for-mail Message-ID: <37CBAC09.2D228E6D@umb.edu> From: "Lelia C. Orrell" Reply-To: lelia.orrell@umb.edu Organization: UMass Boston X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.61 (Macintosh; U; PPC) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 Newsgroups: bionet.population-bio Subject: creating XY coordinates Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii; x-mac-type="54455854"; x-mac-creator="4D4F5353" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Lines: 28 Date: Tue, 31 Aug 1999 06:18:50 -0400 NNTP-Posting-Host: 24.218.152.24 X-Complaints-To: abuse@mediaone.net X-Trace: ndnws01.ne.mediaone.net 936094527 24.218.152.24 (Tue, 31 Aug 1999 06:15:27 EDT) NNTP-Posting-Date: Tue, 31 Aug 1999 06:15:27 EDT Hello (I apologize for cross posting), Does anyone know of a way to automatically /electronically create XY coordinates from an electronic image? I can place the cursor over the data point and hand record the XY coordinate that way, but... I'm hoping there is an easier way. I digitized some photographs using Adobe Illustrator to reflect individual plants in 1m^2 plots over 4 years. I have fantastic and visually accurate graphs, but no * precise * XY coordinates associated with them. I need the scale to be very fine; as fine as in the photographs and NOT as rough as my field notes. Any ideas would be GREATLY appreciated. PLEASE RESPOND TO: lelia.orrell@umb.edu -- Lelia C. Orrell Department of Biology University of Massachusetts Boston 100 Morrissey Blvd. Boston, MA 02125 U.S.A. E-Mail: lelia.orrell@umb.edu Web: http://www.nmia.com/~lelia Office: 617-287-6655 Fax: 630-563-1943