From owner-recombination@net.bio.net Thu Nov 02 22:00:00 1995 Path: biosci!agate!usenet.ins.cwru.edu!magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu!csn!carbon!night.primate.wisc.edu!newsspool.doit.wisc.edu!uwm.edu!psuvax1!gvls1!newsfeed.pitt.edu!uunet!in2.uu.net!newsflash.concordia.ca!news.mcgill.ca!news From: Abdellah Belmaaza Newsgroups: bionet.molbio.recombination Subject: PNAS Memebers list in Recombination Date: 2 Nov 1995 16:39:11 GMT Organization: McGill University Computing Centre Lines: 23 Message-ID: <47as7f$cu9@sifon.cc.mcgill.ca> NNTP-Posting-Host: i-03.das.mcgill.ca X-Newsreader: AIR News 3.X (SPRY, Inc.) Dear Collegues, I am trying to find a list of PNAS members in recombination. If anyone has this information I would appreciate it very much if you could post here in this forum. By the way bravo on the new news group Graham! Abdellah Belmaaza, Ph.D. Institut de Recherche du Cancer de Montreal Centre Louis Charles-Simard Montreal, Quebec Please post to this group as my e-mail is temporarily off-line From owner-recombination@net.bio.net Fri Nov 03 22:00:00 1995 Path: biosci!agate!dog.ee.lbl.gov!news.cs.utah.edu!cs.utexas.edu!uunet!in2.uu.net!newsflash.concordia.ca!news.mcgill.ca!VM1.MCGILL.CA From: chow Newsgroups: bionet.molbio.recombination Subject: Re: RECOMBINATION/bionet.molbio.recombination is ready! Date: 02 NOV 95 12:46:06 EST Organization: McGill University Lines: 34 Sender: usenet@MUSICA.MCGILL.CA Message-ID: <02NOV95.13790091.0078@VM1.MCGILL.CA> References: <45v661$lqr@net.bio.net> <468aog$se0@epervier.CC.UMontreal.CA> <46eul1$r92@news.duke.edu> NNTP-Posting-Host: vm1.mcgill.ca In article lichten@helix.nih.gov (Michael Lichten) writes: >I'd like to amplify Dan Tomso's comments, re yeast being more >"recombinogenic" than us (be we mice or men). As Dan implies, the >problems in making this comparison is that different assays are being used >in the two organisms, and one can't tell if the different results are an >artefact of the assay or reflect basic differences in mechanism. I would >be curious to hear what others felt would be a good trans-species assay >for recombination that might allow such a comparison. > >I have one suggestion: the efficiency and means of repair of a defined, >induced double-strand break. Systems exist in both yeast and in mice to >make a single DSB in the genome by inducing expression of a rare-cutting >homing endonuclease. How yeast deals with this has been the subject of >intensive study; results are just beginning to come in from transgenic >mouse experiments. > >Anyone have any other ideas? > >-- >Michael Lichten >lichten@helix.nih.gov >. I do not have a perfect solution or the system for the trans-species assay, but I may point to something in yeast and in mice that may give us some information for comparison. Since the HO system in yeast is similar to the recombination of Iggs, the comparison of these two between yeast and mice may provide some information of the recombination process between the two species until the results from transgenic mouse is in. Did anyone had compared the two systems? Terry Chow mdty@musica.mcgill.ca From owner-recombination@net.bio.net Mon Nov 06 22:00:00 1995 Path: biosci!daresbury!not-for-mail From: Kemal Ahson Newsgroups: bionet.molbio.recombination Subject: Innovation Date: 7 Nov 1995 11:21:25 -0000 Lines: 531 Sender: lpddist@mserv1.dl.ac.uk Distribution: bionet Message-ID: <47nffl$c1t@mserv1.dl.ac.uk> X-Minuet-Version: Minuet1.0_Beta_11 Original-To: recom@dl.ac.uk Dear colleagues, I need your help! Please find enclosed a questionnaire as part of a project on innovation in agri-food biotechnology. Essentially, I am trying to get some idea on the major developments currently taking place in agri-food biotechnology, and how people involved go about `innovating' in this area. I would greatly appreciate it if you could take a few minutes to complete and return the questionnaire as soon as possible. If you happen to know anybody who might be interested in completing the questionnaire please forward it to them. All responses will be treated in strictest confidence and will be used for academic research purposes only. Apologies for any cross postings. Thanks in advance. Kemal Ahson Department of Geography University College London 26 Bedford Way London WC1H 0AP kahson@geog.ucl.ac.uk INNOVATION IN AGRI-FOOD BIOTECHNOLOGY QUESTIONNAIRE Instructions for the completion of the questionnaire Please answer each question by marking the open brackets opposite your preferred response(s) or by writing in your answer when asked to do so. You may mark as many open brackets to each question as you like unless otherwise specified. Instructions are given where further action is required. The questionnaire should take between 5-10 minutes. The questionnaire is divided into 4 sections SECTION 1: YOU AND YOUR ORGANISATION In this first section I ask you questions about you and your organisations' activities. SECTION 2: AGRI-FOOD BIOTECHNOLOGY This section seeks to establish you and your organisations' involvement in agri-food biotechnology research and development SECTION 3: RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT In this section I ask you to describe the research and development in agri-food biotechnology in your organisation SECTION 4: ADDITIONAL INFORMATION This final section is included to give you the opportunity to include any additional information or comments you might wish to make SECTION 1: YOU AND YOUR ORGANISATION 1. What is the name of your company/organisation? 2. What is your name and job title/position (eg. Chief Scientist, Product Manager, Senior Manager etc.)? Name: Job title/position: 3. How would you classify the central activity of your company/organisation? ( ) Academic R & D ( ) Commercial R & D ( ) Petro-Chemical industry ( ) Food manufacturing ( ) Food retailing ( ) Financing ( ) Government department ( ) Management Consultancy ( ) Legal consultancy ( ) Regulation ( ) Other (please specify) 4. What areas of biotechnology are your company/organisation involved in? ( ) Food ( ) Plant agriculture ( ) Animal agriculture ( ) Chemicals ( ) Human health care ( ) Environmental control ( ) Processing equipment ( ) Research equipment ( ) Other (please specify) 5. Which of the above areas is your organisation primarily involved in? 6. In what region(s) and country are your HQ and biotechnology R&D facilities located in? HQ: R&D: 7. Do you have any HQ/R&D facilities abroad? ( ) No (Please go to Question 8) ( ) Yes If Yes, in which countries are these facilities located? HQ: R&D: 8. What was the size of your organisation in terms of annual turnover and full time employees in 1994? Annual turnover: Full time employees: 9. What percentage of your annual turnover in 1994 was directly linked to sales and R&D activities in biotechnology? Sales: R&D: 10. What percentage of your biotechnology related sales are made to the following types of customers (best estimate)? Products Services Agriculture & Fisheries Food and Drink Chemicals Utilities NHS Professional & Scientific Services Mining Other (please specify) Total SECTION 2: INVOLVEMENT IN AGRI-FOOD BIOTECHNOLOGY 1. Is your company/organisation involved in any capacity in the development and/or application of agri-food biotechnology? ( ) No (Please go to Section 4) ( ) Yes If Yes, in which of the following areas is your organisation involved in? ( ) Raw material ( ) Ingredients, production and processing aids ( ) Food material ( ) Waste material ( ) Environment ( ) Other (please specify) 2. What is your personal involvement in agri-food biotechnology? 3. Which of the following sources (if any) do you use to keep informed about (agri-food) biotechnology? ( ) Academic background (please specify) ( ) Books ( ) Newspapers & Magazines ( ) Books ( ) Trade journals (please specify) ( ) Television/Radio ( ) Outside consultants ( ) Colleagues ( ) Lectures ( ) Conferences ( ) Other (please specify) 4. Does your work involve informing others about (agri-food) biotechnology? ( ) No (Please go to Question 5) ( ) Yes If Yes, who does this involve (eg. other organisations, other functions etc.)? How do you inform them (eg. lectures/presentations, written memos, telephone etc.)? 5. When do you think genetic engineering techniques (rDNA, cell fusion etc.) will be used commercially in the following products/processes in agri-food biotechnology (examples in brackets)? Key 1 = Currently 2 = In 2 years 3 = In 5 years 4 = Don't know 5 = N/A Raw material 1 2 3 4 5 Production (IV fertilization, solid-state fermentation) ( )( )( )( )( ) Modification/improvement (bioconversion of polysaccharides)( )( )( )( )( ) Preservation (silage, coffee fermentation) ( )( )( )( )( ) Identification/quality assessment (microbial methods) ( )( )( )( )( ) Ingredients, production and processing aids 1 2 3 4 5 Production (enzymes, vitamins, vanilla) ( )( )( )( )( ) Modification/improvement (hydrolysis of proteins) ( )( )( )( )( ) Preservation (immobilization of biocatalysts) ( )( )( )( )( ) Ident./qual. assessment (enzymatic & microbial methods) ( )( )( )( )( ) Food material 1 2 3 4 5 Production (bread) ( )( )( )( )( ) Modification (meat tenderization) ( )( )( )( )( ) Preservation (lactic acid fermentation) ( )( )( )( )( ) Processing methods (enzymatic separation, fermentation) ( )( )( )( )( ) Ident./qual. assessment (microbial & biological methods) ( )( )( )( )( ) Waste material 1 2 3 4 5 Improvement/modification (single-cell protein, vinegar) ( )( )( )( )( ) Utilization (protein recovery) ( )( )( )( )( ) Ident./qual. assessment (enzymatic & microbial methods) ( )( )( )( )( ) Environment 1 2 3 4 5 Improvement/modification (air/water purification) ( )( )( )( )( ) Preservation (soil preservation) ( )( )( )( )( ) Identification/quality assessment (biosensors) ( )( )( )( )( ) 6. In your opinion, how important are the following factors for the commercialisation of agri-food biotechnology? Key 1 -> 5 = Least important -> Most important 6 = Don't know 7 = N/A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Size of potential market (products/services) ( )( )( )( )( ) ( ) ( ) Strength of competition ( )( )( )( )( ) ( ) ( ) Price of competitive products/services ( )( )( )( )( ) ( ) ( ) Availability of finance ( )( )( )( )( ) ( ) ( ) R&D costs ( )( )( )( )( ) ( ) ( ) Adequacy of intellectual property in the UK ( )( )( )( )( ) ( ) ( ) Adequacy of intellectual property in Europe ( )( )( )( )( ) ( ) ( ) Adequacy of intellectual property in the US ( )( )( )( )( ) ( ) ( ) Regulatory requirements in the UK ( )( )( )( )( ) ( ) ( ) Regulatory requirements in Europe ( )( )( )( )( ) ( ) ( ) Regulatory requirements in the US ( )( )( )( )( ) ( ) ( ) Consumer concern ( )( )( )( )( ) ( ) ( ) Availability of collaborators ( )( )( )( )( ) ( ) ( ) Government support ( )( )( )( )( ) ( ) ( ) SECTION 3: RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT 1. Are you and/or your organisation involved in agri-food biotechnology R&D? ( ) No (Please go on Section 4) ( ) Yes If Yes, what form does this involvement take? For you personally: For your company/organisation: 2. What percentage of your company/organisation's agri-food biotechnology R&D is in the following areas? Product development: Product/service improvement: Contract work: Other (please specify): Total 100 3. Is any of your company/organisations' agri-food biotechnology R&D carried out in-house? ( ) No (Please go to Question 12) ( ) Yes If Yes, what are the main reasons for this? ( ) Secrecy ( ) Lack of partners ( ) No need for partners ( ) Historical ( ) Geographical ( ) Cost ( ) Other (please specify) 4. Do you have a specific department for in-house R&D? ( ) No (Please go to Question 5) ( ) Yes If Yes, what is the department and how many people are employed in it? Name of department: Number of full-time employees: 5. Does agri-food biotechnology R&D only involve technical/scientific staff? ( ) No ( ) Yes (Please go to Question 6) If No, what are the backgrounds/departments of these other individuals? 6. How would you best describe the structure of the R&D process in your company/organisation? ( ) Staff working on individual projects ( ) Small groups of individuals working on specific objects ( ) R&D department working on one major project ( ) Other (please describe below) 7. Is the R&D in your company/organisation initiated by one person? ( ) No ( ) Yes (please go to Question 8) If No, how would you describe the initiation of R&D in your company/organisation? 8. Is the R&D in your company/organisation managed by one person? ( ) No ( ) Yes (please go to Question 9) If No, how would you describe the management of R&D in your company/organisation? 9. Does the in-house R&D involve regular meetings? ( ) No (please go to Question 12) ( ) Yes If Yes, how frequently are these meetings held and who is involved? 10. How would you describe the aim of these meetings? 11. What types of ideas/information, and products/process are exchanged in these meetings? 12. Has agri-food biotechnology R&D been carried out with other companies/organisations? ( ) No (please go to Question 22) ( ) Yes If Yes, which of the following types of organizations has product development been carried out with in the last two years? ( ) Academic R & D ( ) Dedicated biotechnology firms ( ) Petro-chemical industry ( ) Food manufacturers ( ) Retailers ( ) Farmers ( ) Government agency (please specify) ( ) Other (please specify) 13. How would you classify the types of collaborative R&D agreements with other organisations (in percentages)? Contracting of specific R&D: Joint ventures: Licensing agreements: Other (please specify): Total: 100 14. During inter-organisational R&D, what departments in your company/organisation are individuals drawn from? 15. How would you best describe the structure of inter-organisational R&D? 16. Is the inter-organisational R&D initiated by one person? ( ) No ( ) Yes (please go to Question 17) If No, how would you describe the initiation of this inter-organisational R&D? 17. How important do you think the following actors are in initiating R&D in agri-food biotechnology? Key 1 -> 5 = Least important -> Most important 6 = Don't Know 7 = N/A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Academic R&D ( )( )( )( )( ) ( ) ( ) Dedicated biotechnology firms ( )( )( )( )( ) ( ) ( ) Petro-chemical industry ( )( )( )( )( ) ( ) ( ) Food manufacturers ( )( )( )( )( ) ( ) ( ) Retailers ( )( )( )( )( ) ( ) ( ) Farmers ( )( )( )( )( ) ( ) ( ) Government department (please specify) ( )( )( )( )( ) ( ) ( ) Consumers ( )( )( )( )( ) ( ) ( ) Other (please specify) ( )( )( )( )( ) ( ) ( ) 18. Is the inter-organisational R&D managed by one person? ( ) No ( ) Yes (please go to Question 19) If No, how would you describe the management of this inter-organisational R&D? 19. Does the inter-organisational R&D involve regular meetings? ( ) No (please go to Question 22) ( ) Yes If Yes, how frequently are these meetings held and who is involved? 20. How would you describe the aim of these meetings? 21. What types of ideas/information, and products/process are exchanged in these meetings? 22. What major improvements in the R&D process might make it more effective? SECTION 4: ADDITIONAL COMMENTS If you have any additional comments that you would like to make, please include them here. Thank you very much for completing the questionnaire. --------------------------------------------Geography UCL generic signature--- Dept office: +44 (0)171-380-7551 Department of Geography Fax: +44 (0)171-380-7565 University College London 26 Bedford Way College switchboard: London WC1H 0AP +44 (0)171-387-7050 From owner-recombination@net.bio.net Mon Nov 13 22:00:00 1995 Path: biosci!VAXA.CIS.UWOSH.EDU!lansman From: lansman@VAXA.CIS.UWOSH.EDU (Bob Lansman) Newsgroups: bionet.molbio.recombination Subject: psoralen crosslink repair Date: 14 Nov 1995 08:24:13 -0800 Organization: BIOSCI International Newsgroups for Molecular Biology Lines: 10 Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: world Message-ID: <01HXMOXQQPV6000R1T@VAXA.CIS.UWOSH.EDU> Can anyone tell me where I can find out about the mechanism of repair of psoralen photoproduct crosslinks? Is there an enzyme that can remove one of the two damaged bases? If so then I presume the rest of the process is tha same as post-replication recombinational repair. Am I on the right track here? >From: Bob Lansman > > From owner-recombination@net.bio.net Tue Nov 14 22:00:00 1995 Path: biosci!rutgers!csn!carbon!night.primate.wisc.edu!sdd.hp.com!swrinde!newsfeed.internetmci.com!in2.uu.net!utcsri!newsflash.concordia.ca!news.mcgill.ca!news From: dellaire@odyssee.net Newsgroups: bionet.molbio.recombination Subject: Conference on DNA Replication in Eukaryotes (try 2) Date: 15 Nov 1995 02:25:19 GMT Organization: McGill University Lines: 2 Message-ID: <48bj2f$5f3@sifon.cc.mcgill.ca> NNTP-Posting-Host: b-09.das.mcgill.ca X-Newsreader: AIR News 3.X (SPRY, Inc.) From owner-recombination@net.bio.net Tue Nov 14 22:00:00 1995 Path: biosci!rutgers!csn!carbon!night.primate.wisc.edu!sdd.hp.com!swrinde!newsfeed.internetmci.com!in2.uu.net!utcsri!newsflash.concordia.ca!news.mcgill.ca!news From: G. Dellaire Newsgroups: bionet.molbio.recombination Subject: Conference in DNA REPLICATION Date: 15 Nov 1995 02:23:33 GMT Organization: McGill University Computing Centre Lines: 66 Message-ID: <48biv5$5f3@sifon.cc.mcgill.ca> NNTP-Posting-Host: b-09.das.mcgill.ca X-Newsreader: AIR News 3.X (SPRY, Inc.) 1st Announcement The Fourth McGill University Conference on Regulation of Eukaryotic DNA Replication St. Sauveur, Quebec, Canada October 1996. Organized by: Maria Zannis-Hadjopoulos and Gerald Price McGill Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research McGill University http://www.mcgill.ca/mcgill/servers/Admin/UBO/dna.html The meeting will include plenary lecture sessions and poster sessions. TOPICS: * Eukaryotic Origins of DNA Replication * Nuclear and DNA Structure in DNA Replication * Modulation of Eukaryotic DNA Replication Preliminary Program The conference will be held at the Manoir Saint-Sauveur in the Laurentians. The first session will begin in the evening of October 17 and the final session will end in the early afternoon of October 20. Poster and oral presentations will take place on October 18 and 19. All participants are encouraged to present a poster on any of the topics that will be covered in the conference. Conference Location: The meeting will be held at the Laurentians' newest four-season conference resort hotel - a major luxury complex just about 45 minutes from Montreal, amid the dynamic beauty of the Laurentians. Saint-Sauveur-des-Monts, the Laurentians' most picturesque village, is the gateway village to the Laurentians. Transportation will be available from the airport to the conference site, and return. Registration materials and information regarding abstract submission will be sent in early 1996. *********Abstract deadline date: June 27, 1996.************ For More Information Please visit our Web Site http://www.mcgill.ca/mcgill/servers/Admin/UBO/dna.html From this site you can obtain: * A Preliminary Program * Further Information on Conference Location * A Reply Card to Obtain Registration Package From owner-recombination@net.bio.net Thu Nov 16 22:00:00 1995 Path: biosci!daresbury!not-for-mail From: "Kirill S. Lobachev" Newsgroups: bionet.molbio.recombination Subject: help Date: 17 Nov 1995 03:22:36 -0000 Organization: l physiolog genet biol sri Lines: 1 Sender: lpddist@mserv1.dl.ac.uk Distribution: bionet Message-ID: <48gv5s$r2r@mserv1.dl.ac.uk> MIME-Version: 1.0 Original-To: recom@dl.ac.uk help From owner-recombination@net.bio.net Thu Nov 16 22:00:00 1995 Path: biosci!phg.bri.pu.ru!Kirill From: Kirill@phg.bri.pu.ru ("Kirill S. Lobachev") Newsgroups: bionet.molbio.recombination Subject: help Date: 16 Nov 1995 17:54:31 -0800 Organization: l physiolog genet biol sri Lines: 1 Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: world Message-ID: NNTP-Posting-Host: net.bio.net help From owner-recombination@net.bio.net Thu Nov 16 22:00:00 1995 Newsgroups: bionet.molbio.recombination Path: biosci!rutgers!csn!carbon!night.primate.wisc.edu!newsspool.doit.wisc.edu!uwm.edu!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!uchinews!gilich501.uchicago.edu!user From: Linda_Gilich@law.uchicago.edu (Linda Gilich) Subject: 11/15/95 X-Nntp-Posting-Host: gilich501.uchicago.edu Message-ID: Sender: news@midway.uchicago.edu (News Administrator) Organization: University of Chicago Law School Date: Fri, 17 Nov 1995 16:50:11 GMT Lines: 41 € Summary: 95/11/15 € Two principles are at the core of the common lawąs view about assent. The first is the principle of liberty ‹ that, as Prescott says, ła person is under no obligation to do or say anything concerning a proposition which he does not choose to accept.˛ The idea here is that another cannot impose upon you, cannot force you to do anything. They can say what they want, and you can do nothing in reply. They canąt force you to respond. € The second is the principle of mutuality ‹ that, against as Prescott says, łit takes two to make a bargain˛ so if either party is bound, both parties are bound. Contract, in this view, is formally equal; it canąt tie one party without tying both. € Now each of these principles has some value, but the point of the three cases we had last time was to question something of their limits. And we wanted to question their limits by seeing whether we could read these three cases together as consistent. € Read together, we saw something like this. First, it wasnąt the case that one could never be imposed upon by another. As we saw, the common law rule (or at least the rule of these three cases was) that if one was in a special relationship with another, and one received property, and one took and used the property, then one would be bound to pay for the property. This at first sounds like the opposite of the liberty principle, for here one is burdened by the action of another; one has to reject to avoid liability. But then we tried to understand limits to this burden to understand whether or how inconsistent it was. The first limit we noticed was that the places where this property obligation was imposed were all places where the burden of rejecting was low. No doubt some burden, but still quite low. And second, again, this is in cases where there was some previous relationship. So the limit on the liberty principle is slight, but not zero. € So the first point is that one might have to take action to avoid an obligation. The second is that the parties donąt have absolute power to set the terms of an acceptance as they see fit. While the offeror may be able to waive his right to notice, the court will insist upon a rule that makes it possible for the court to know that an acceptance has occurred. A łmental determination˛ is not a permissible way to accept. € This second point then suggests a third, a point which is a limitation on the mutuality principle above. While it is true so far to say that the obligations of K exist if both parties are bound (though what about the reliance obligations?), we see that what the parties wish is not necessarily what they get. This principle is limited by the interests of the court. The court, again, is the third party to this contract. From owner-recombination@net.bio.net Fri Nov 17 22:00:00 1995 Path: biosci!internet!biosci!not-for-mail From: biohelp (BIOSCI Administrator) Newsgroups: bionet.molbio.recombination Subject: IMPORTANT: BIOSCI miniFAQ Date: 18 Nov 1995 02:00:37 -0800 Organization: BIOSCI International Newsgroups for Molecular Biology Lines: 196 Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: world Message-ID: <199511181000.CAA25620@net.bio.net> NNTP-Posting-Host: net.bio.net This is a new "miniFAQ" designed to answer the questions that come up the *most frequently*. The main BIOSCI FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions) is accessible on the World Wide Web at URL http://www.bio.net/. Contents: -------- 1) What to do about "spams," i.e., junk mail, ads, etc. 2) Examples of subscribing and unsubscribing to the mailing lists. 3) How to access BIOSCI/bionet newsgroup archives. 4) The BIOSCI user address and research interest directory. 1) What to do about "spams," i.e., junk mail, ads, etc. ------------------------------------------------------- BIOSCI is a set of parallel USENET newsgroups (the "bionet" groups) and mailing lists. The same postings are distributed on both media (except for a small number of mailing-list-only groups at net.bio.net). Unfortunately it is becoming a despicable practice on the Internet (by a few people out to make a fast buck) to do automated mass postings to thousands of newsgroups and mailing lists. These attempts to grab free advertising are refered to as "spams" in the usual, somewhat boneheaded, net terminology. USENET is more susceptible to this practice, and many spams originate on the USENET groups and then are passed on to the mailing lists. However, spammers also get lists of mailing addresses and hit these too, so neither medium is immune. What should you do personally if you get junk mail? --------------------------------------------------- Just delete it and move on without reading it further. Filing a protest is becoming increasingly useless because spammers are often disguising the addresses where the messages are sent from. Unless you really understand Internet mail systems, your attempt at protest by sending replies to the message will often end up being sent to the address of an innocent person that the spammer is victimizing. What can BIOSCI/bionet do to protect its newsgroups? ---------------------------------------------------- The only solution currently available is to moderate the newsgroup. If this newsgroup is already moderated, then you are in good shape. Moderation protects the newsgroups from about 95% of the spams that are being sent to date. This means that someone has to take the time to review each message before it goes out. We have set up software here that simply allows the moderator to forward to an address at net.bio.net messages that (s)he wishes to have distributed. This takes no more time than that needed to read the message and pass it on, say about 1 min. per message. Most newsgroups currently have a discussion leader who is responsible for their newsgroup. The discussions leaders and their e-mail addresses are listed in the BIOSCI Information Sheet which is available on the Web at http://www.bio.net/. If a newsgroup is being hit with too many junk postings, please contact the discussion leader for that group and see if there is interest in moderating the group. Please do not assume that by simply posting a complaint to the newsgroup itself, anyone on the BIOSCI staff will act on your complaint. With close to 100 newsgroups to run, the BIOSCI staff has to rely on the discussion leaders of each newsgroup to report problems directly to us at biosci-help@net.bio.net. We will moderate any of our newsgroups if the discussion leader tells us that the readership of the group wishes to do so and if a moderator is willing to do the work. For most BIOSCI/bionet groups, this entails only a few minutes of work each day. Moderating a newsgroup will resolve probably 95% of the junk postings. Unfortunately there are easy ways for determined spammers to override the moderation mechanism. We are working on new systems to provide access to our newsgroups over the WWW. These should be available soon, probably November 1995, and will allow you to use your Web browser to look at the news postings. While this will not stop spammers from trying to post to the groups, this will give you yet another way, besides using USENET news, to keep the junk out of your personal mail files. 2) Examples of subscribing and unsubscribing to the mailing lists. ------------------------------------------------------------------ PLEASE NOTE: The BIOSCI management does NOT act on subscription/unsubscription requests that are posted improperly to the newsgroups and mailing lists. People who do this only bother everyone on the lists to no avail. Please be sure to follow the proper procedures below. Gory details are in the BIOSCI Information sheets on the Web at http://www.bio.net. Below we give an example utilizing the METHODS-AND-REAGENTS list at both of our two BIOSCI sites: Users in the Americas and Pacific Rim countries who use the BIOSCI ------------------------------------------------------------------ node at computer net.bio.net: ---------------------------- A) Determine the "listname" which is the <=8 character mail address ^^^^^^^^^^^^^ for the group. These can be found in the BIOSCI Info. Sheet. For the METHODS-AND-REAGENTS group the mailing address is methods@net.bio.net. The listname is the portion of the address to the left of the @ sign, i.e., "methods". The listname is used with the "subscribe" and "unsubscribe" commands illustrated below. B) Mail all commands in the body of a mail message addressed to biosci-server@net.bio.net. Do NOT send commands to the newsgroup posting addresses! Leave the Subject: line blank, any text on it will be ignored. C) In the body of your message put one or more of the following commands with an "end" command on the last line, e.g., subscribe methods unsubscribe methods end Do NOT put your e-mail address or other text on these lines. The server only allows you to cancel your subscription if the address on your mail header matches the address on our mailing list. Please ask for help at biosci-help@net.bio.net if your address has changed, e.g., if you know you are on the list but the server tells you that you are not a member. Users in Europe, Africa, and Central Asia who use the BIOSCI node at -------------------------------------------------------------------- computer daresbury.ac.uk (also known as dl.ac.uk): ------------------------------------------------- To subscribe and unsubscribe to/from the BIOSCI lists, you need to specify the full USENET newsgroup name with "bionet-news." prepended. The USENET newsgroup names are listed in the BIOSCI Information sheet on the Web at http://www.bio.net/. For the METHODS-AND-REAGENTS list the USENET newsgroup name is bionet.molbio.methds-reagnts, thus the appropriate commands are sub bionet-news.bionet.molbio.methds-reagnts unsub bionet-news.bionet.molbio.methds-reagnts These commands are included in a message addressed to mxt@dl.ac.uk, NOT to the newsgroup mailing addresses. As usual, include the text in the body of the message as text on the Subject: line is ignored. To unsubscribe from all the lists at the UK node, use unsub bionet-news Please note that if the address in the list is different than the one in your mail message header, you will not be able to unsubscribe by this method. If you have problems, please mail biosci@daresbury.ac.uk. 3) How to access BIOSCI/bionet newsgroup archives. -------------------------------------------------- Back postings of all BIOSCI/bionet newsgroups can be found on the World Wide Web at URL http://www.bio.net/. There are several searchable newsgroup indices at this site. E-mail users can search the BIOSCI archives by using our waismail e-mail server. For instructions send the message help to waismail@net.bio.net. Leave the Subject: line blank (anything entered on the Subject: line is ignored). 4) The BIOSCI user address and research interest directory. ----------------------------------------------------------- Please take this opportunity to add your name, address, and research interest information to the BIOSCI User Address Database if you have not already done so. You can fill out the address form directly through our Web page at URL http://www.bio.net/adrform.html. The address database is reindexed nightly for WWW access (the URL is http://www.bio.net/). If you are not directly on the Internet but can reach it by e-mail, please use our waismail server to access the user directory. waismail use is described above. You can also request a user address form by e-mail from biosci-help@net.bio.net. Please check your database entry from time-to-time to see if your address information is still up-to-date. Because of our limited personnel resources, we ask that you resubmit a *complete* form to revise your entry; we only replace complete entries and do not have resources to edit old forms. Sincerely, Dave Kristofferson BIOSCI/bionet Manager biosci-help@net.bio.net From owner-recombination@net.bio.net Sun Nov 19 22:00:00 1995 Newsgroups: bionet.molbio.recombination Path: biosci!daresbury!keele!uknet!newsfeed.ed.ac.uk!udcf.gla.ac.uk!mac1-43a.genetics.gla.ac.uk!user From: gbga66@udcf.gla.ac.uk (Angela Gawthrop) Subject: Re: help Message-ID: Followup-To: bionet.molbio.recombination Sender: news@udcf.gla.ac.uk (News) Organization: Genetics, Glasgow University References: <48gv5s$r2r@mserv1.dl.ac.uk> Distribution: bionet Date: Mon, 20 Nov 1995 09:52:57 GMT Lines: 9 In article <48gv5s$r2r@mserv1.dl.ac.uk>, "Kirill S. Lobachev" wrote: > help This is the only posting I have seen so far to b.m.r. Is the group dead, or is there a propagation problem? Angela From owner-recombination@net.bio.net Mon Nov 20 22:00:00 1995 Path: biosci!CS.Arizona.EDU!news.Arizona.EDU!argon.GAS.UUG.Arizona.EDU!emil From: emil@argon.GAS.UUG.Arizona.EDU (Emil Sanamyan) Newsgroups: bionet.molbio.recombination Subject: Re: help Date: 20 Nov 1995 23:23:41 GMT Organization: University of Arizona, Unix Users Group Lines: 18 Distribution: bionet Message-ID: <48r2lt$v64@news.ccit.arizona.edu> References: <48gv5s$r2r@mserv1.dl.ac.uk> NNTP-Posting-Host: argon.gas.uug.arizona.edu In article , Angela Gawthrop wrote: >In article <48gv5s$r2r@mserv1.dl.ac.uk>, "Kirill S. Lobachev" > wrote: > >> help > >This is the only posting I have seen so far to b.m.r. Is the group dead, or >is there a propagation problem? Is that the issue, though? Kirill Lobachev is crying out for help! Chego tebe golubchik? With warmest regards, Emil' From owner-recombination@net.bio.net Mon Nov 20 22:00:00 1995 Path: biosci!ATLAS.ODYSSEE.NET!dellaire From: dellaire@ATLAS.ODYSSEE.NET (Graham Dellaire) Newsgroups: bionet.molbio.recombination Subject: RECOM FAQ Location Date: 20 Nov 1995 19:23:10 -0800 Organization: BIOSCI International Newsgroups for Molecular Biology Lines: 16 Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: world Message-ID: <01BAB795.E26E4EC0@pool10_12.odyssee.net> NNTP-Posting-Host: net.bio.net The Faq for this Group is currently being maintained at http://www.medcor.mcgill.ca/EXPMED/expmed.html There is info on how to subscribe, post etc. As well as the charter, including a list of topics for discussion Graham Recom Discussion Leader dellaire@odyssee.net From owner-recombination@net.bio.net Mon Nov 20 22:00:00 1995 Path: biosci!ATLAS.ODYSSEE.NET!dellaire From: dellaire@ATLAS.ODYSSEE.NET (Graham Dellaire) Newsgroups: bionet.molbio.recombination Subject: DNA REPLICATION CONFERENCE (EUKARYOTIC DNA) 2ND post Date: 21 Nov 1995 13:30:31 -0800 Organization: BIOSCI International Newsgroups for Molecular Biology Lines: 70 Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: world Message-ID: <01BAB82D.C3449200@pool2_13.odyssee.net> NNTP-Posting-Host: net.bio.net 2nd Announcement The Fourth McGill University Conference on Regulation of Eukaryotic DNA Replication St. Sauveur, Quebec, Canada October 1996. Organized by: Maria Zannis-Hadjopoulos and Gerald Price McGill Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research McGill University http://www.mcgill.ca/mcgill/servers/Admin/UBO/dna.html The meeting will include plenary lecture sessions and poster sessions. TOPICS: * Eukaryotic Origins of DNA Replication * Nuclear and DNA Structure in DNA Replication * Modulation of Eukaryotic DNA Replication Preliminary Program The conference will be held at the Manoir Saint-Sauveur in the Laurentians. The first session will begin in the evening of October 17 and the final session will end in the early afternoon of October 20. Poster and oral presentations will take place on October 18 and 19. All participants are encouraged to present a poster on any of the topics that will be covered in the conference. Conference Location: The meeting will be held at the Laurentians' newest four-season conference resort hotel - a major luxury complex just about 45 minutes from Montreal, amid the dynamic beauty of the Laurentians. Saint-Sauveur-des-Monts, the Laurentians' most picturesque village, is the gateway village to the Laurentians. Transportation will be available from the airport to the conference site, and return. Registration materials and information regarding abstract submission will be sent in early 1996. *********Abstract deadline date: June 27, 1996.************ For More Information Please visit our Web Site http://www.mcgill.ca/mcgill/servers/Admin/UBO/dna.html From this site you can obtain: * A Preliminary Program * Further Information on Conference Location * A Reply Card to Obtain Registration Package From owner-recombination@net.bio.net Mon Nov 20 22:00:00 1995 Path: biosci!ATLAS.ODYSSEE.NET!dellaire From: dellaire@ATLAS.ODYSSEE.NET (Graham Dellaire) Newsgroups: bionet.molbio.recombination Subject: Subscribing to Recom Date: 20 Nov 1995 18:54:59 -0800 Organization: BIOSCI International Newsgroups for Molecular Biology Lines: 168 Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: world Message-ID: <01BAB791.D36284E0@pool10_12.odyssee.net> NNTP-Posting-Host: net.bio.net Subscribing to this group: -------------------------- IF YOU USE USENET NEWS: you need do nothing other than participate in bionet.molbio.recombination when it appears in your newsreader. Depending upon your news software, this may entail you having to answer a prompt indicating that you want to subscribe. You might also try the command "g bionet.molbio.recombination" in rn-like newsreaders. IF YOU ARE LOCATED IN EUROPE, AFRICA, OR CENTRAL ASIA: please send the word help in the body of your message to MXT@dl.ac.uk to retrieve general server usage instructions. To subscribe to the RECOMBINATION list, first be sure that you are sending mail from the address at which you wish to receive news postings, and then send the command SUB bionet-news.bionet.molbio.recombination to MXT@dl.ac.uk. This message will be automatically read by the computer and your e-mail address will be extracted from the mail header and added to the list. IF YOU ARE LOCATED IN THE AMERICAS OR THE PACIFIC RIM: log in to the computer account in which you would like to receive mail (not an account that you use infrequently) and send a mail message to the Internet address biosci-server@net.bio.net Leave the Subject: line of the message blank and enter the following line into the body of the mail message: subscribe recom This message will be automatically read by our computer and your e-mail address will be extracted from the mail header and added to the list. Canceling your subscription: ---------------------------- IF YOU ARE LOCATED IN EUROPE, AFRICA, OR CENTRAL ASIA: first be sure that you are sending mail from the address at which you signed up to receive news postings, and then send the command (in the body of your mail message) UNSUB bionet-news.bionet.molbio.recombination to MXT@dl.ac.uk. This message will be automatically read by the computer and your e-mail address will be extracted from the mail header and removed from the list. IF YOU ARE LOCATED IN THE AMERICAS OR THE PACIFIC RIM: send a message to biosci-server@net.bio.net exactly as described above for subscribing except include the text unsubscribe recom in the body of the message. Please be sure to send the message from the account whose address matches the one on the list. If your address differs, we will be notified automatically and will remove you manually from the list if we can determine what was your old address. Please contact biosci-help@net.bio.net if you have problems. IF YOU HAVE A PROBLEM: ---------------------- Please send a message to one of the following addresses depending upon your location Address Location ------- -------- biosci@daresbury.ac.uk Europe, Africa, and Central Asia biosci-help@net.bio.net Americas and the Pacific Rim and someone on the staff will help you. PLEASE DO NOT send mail to our personal e-mail addresses as this will delay a response to your request for help. How to post a message to the group: ----------------------------------- If you use news, simply post a message into bionet.molbio.recombination. Be sure to set your "distribution" to "world" or else the message might not leave your site!! To post by e-mail, mail your message to one of the following addresses depending upon your location: Posting Address Location --------------- -------- recom@daresbury.ac.uk Europe, Africa, and Central Asia recom@net.bio.net Americas and the Pacific Rim and your message will be distributed automatically to everyone on the list and the USENET newsgroup. There is no editorial intervention. PLEASE DO NOT SEND SUBSCRIPTION REQUESTS TO THE POSTING ADDRESSES as you will bother everyone on the newsgroup!!! How to reply to a message on the group: --------------------------------------- If you are using a newsreader, simply use the reply or follow-up command on your newsreader (these vary from program to program) to send either private or public replies. If you are using e-mail, replies to messages that you receive will *NOT* be automatically returned to the group. This is the standard for Internet mailing lists as opposed to BITNET LISTSERVs which often send all replies back to everyone. You must be certain that your reply contains either of the two newsgroup posting addresses above in your message header if you want to share it with everyone on the group. Otherwise in most cases your reply may go back to only the original poster of the message to which you are replying. ALWAYS be certain that you examine the address on your messages before you send them!!! Once a message is sent there is no way to cancel it or bring it back!!! Some non-Internet compliant mail systems may attempt to send replies to our error-trapping address called BIOSCI-REQUEST. If yours does this, please be sure to readdress your message to recom@net.bio.net or recom@daresbury.ac.uk if you want to send it to the newsgroup. How to look at archives of the list: ------------------------------------ The BIOSCI archives and other BIOSCI information can be found on our WWW home page at URL http://www.bio.net/. Easy access from the WWW home page to our FTP/gopher area is available for information retrieval. Archives for RECOMBINATION/bionet.molbio.recombination are kept in the anonymous FTP account at net.bio.net [204.31.212.2]. Look in the directory pub/BIOSCI/RECOMBINATION for posting archives. Each file is assigned a date such as 9312 for December 1993. Please note that ours is a UNIX system and all file and directory names are case-sensitive, i.e., upper case file names are different from lower case names. You can also access these same files via Gopher if you start a gopher session using net.bio.net as your gopher server. Gopher also allows you to view the individual messages within each monthly archive file. The files are in the RECOMBINATION directory. Postings to bionet.molbio.recombination are also WAIS indexed and can be searched via either gopher or WAIS at our site. In gopher the option at net.bio.net is "Search Bionet USENET Articles" and in WAIS one should use the WAIS source biosci.src. This is a WAIS index of all BIOSCI/bionet messages including this newsgroup. Please see the BIOSCI FAQ for details. The FAQ can be requested from biosci-help@net.bio.net. Once again, if you have any administrative questions that require personal assistance, please address them to biosci-help@net.bio.net in the U.S. or biosci@daresbury.ac.uk in the UK. From owner-recombination@net.bio.net Tue Nov 21 22:00:00 1995 Path: biosci!daresbury!keele!peer-news.britain.eu.net!uknet!tank.news.pipex.net!pipex!tube.news.pipex.net!pipex!plug.news.pipex.net!pipex!oleane!simtel!harbinger.cc.monash.edu.au!usenet From: Zhonglin Chai Newsgroups: bionet.molbio.recombination Subject: Re: help Date: 22 Nov 1995 01:31:41 GMT Organization: Monash Medical School Lines: 26 Message-ID: <48tuht$b6@harbinger.cc.monash.edu.au> References: NNTP-Posting-Host: monstertoh.path.monash.edu.au Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="-------------------------------265971035010266" X-Mailer: Mozilla 1.1N (Macintosh; I; 68K) X-URL: news:AA95sgmOD2@phg.bri.pu.ru This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ---------------------------------265971035010266 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Kirill@phg.bri.pu.ru ("Kirill S. Lobachev") wrote: >help A test, sorry ---------------------------------265971035010266 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Type: text/plain From: Kirill@phg.bri.pu.ru ("Kirill S. Lobachev") Newsgroups: bionet.molbio.recombination Subject: help Date: 16 Nov 1995 17:54:31 -0800 Organization: l physiolog genet biol sri Message-ID: help ---------------------------------265971035010266-- From owner-recombination@net.bio.net Thu Nov 23 22:00:00 1995 Path: biosci!agate!howland.reston.ans.net!swrinde!newsfeed.internetmci.com!news.sesqui.net!oitnews.harvard.edu!cmcl2!is2.NYU.EDU!cqw4441 From: cqw4441@is2.nyu.edu (Cheukkit Wong) Newsgroups: bionet.molbio.recombination Subject: Polymerases Date: 24 Nov 1995 03:11:45 GMT Organization: New York University Lines: 12 Message-ID: <493d5h$26r@cmcl2.NYU.EDU> NNTP-Posting-Host: is2.nyu.edu X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2] Dear all: I made so bold as to write to this group; please forgive me. Would someone please tell me the structures & functions of major RNA & DNA polymerases in Homo sapiens & in E. coli cells? Thanks in advance. Good Effort! Take Care & Good Luck! Love cqw4441@is2.nyu.edu From owner-recombination@net.bio.net Thu Nov 23 22:00:00 1995 Path: biosci!ATLAS.ODYSSEE.NET!dellaire From: dellaire@ATLAS.ODYSSEE.NET (Graham Dellaire) Newsgroups: bionet.molbio.recombination Subject: RE: Polymerases Date: 24 Nov 1995 08:28:56 -0800 Organization: BIOSCI International Newsgroups for Molecular Biology Lines: 82 Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: world Message-ID: <01BABA5F.07E1ADC0@pool5_1.odyssee.net> NNTP-Posting-Host: net.bio.net ---------- From: Cheukkit Wong[SMTP:cqw4441@is2.nyu.edu] Sent: Thursday, November 23, 1995 10:11 PM To: recom@net.bio.net Subject: Polymerases Dear all: I made so bold as to write to this group; please forgive me. Would someone please tell me the structures & functions of major RNA=20 & DNA polymerases in Homo sapiens & in E. coli cells? Thanks in advance. Good Effort! Take Care & Good Luck! Love cqw4441@is2.nyu.edu THis is a pretty tall order for one person to write it all down in a = post. As well much of this information is in text books. anyway.... to get you started, DNA Polymerases E.Coli 3 principle DNA polymerase =20 pol I pol II polIII Structure 109 Kda 90 Kda 900 Kda monomeric monomeric = heteromultimeric number mol 400/cell uknown = 10-20 Enzymatic 5-'3' elongation Yes Yes = Yes =20 activities 3'-5' exonuclease Yes Yes = Yes 5'-3' exonuclease Yes No = No Dna Pol I can be cleaved into a large fragment with 5'-3' elogation = activity and 3'-5' exonuclease acitivity and a small fragment containing = the 5' exo activity by mild proteolysis with trypsin. Large fragment is the well known Klenow fragment you may have used in = labeling probe or other manipulations where DNA polymerase activity is = required. Mammalian DNA polymerases pol a pol delta pol e pol b pol gamma Structure 300 Kda 170-230 250 40 180-300 =20 Function Lag.strand lead str. repair repair DNA rep syth. syth. in Mitoch. Subunits 4 2 * 2 1 3 = =20 3' 5' exo No Yes Yes No Yes * requires PCNA All this is in GENES V, pg 575-577 I hope this helps a little .... the RNA pols are in there as well=20 or you can use any other Mol Bio text worth its salt. Graham Dellaire From owner-recombination@net.bio.net Thu Nov 23 22:00:00 1995 Path: biosci!agate!dog.ee.lbl.gov!news.cs.utah.edu!cs.utexas.edu!usc!howland.reston.ans.net!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!uchinews!uwvax!newssinet!ehime-u!surg2_111.m.ehime-u.ac.jp!user From: yasuhito@m.ehime-u.ac.jp (Yasuhito Abe) Newsgroups: bionet.molbio.recombination Subject: recombinant protein Date: 24 Nov 1995 02:38:53 GMT Organization: 2nd Department of Surgery, Ehime Univ Shool of Med Lines: 18 Message-ID: NNTP-Posting-Host: surg2_111.m.ehime-u.ac.jp Dear Netters, Could someone introduce me text books or references for making recombinant proteins? I have been struggling with this task using some kits such as pET and ppXa vectors with E Coli. Actually I could get target band in SDS-PAGE, I hope, but its expression is quite low! Thanks. -- Yasuhito Abe, M.D. The Second Department of Surgery, Ehime University School of Medicine Shigenobu, Ehime 791-02 Japan +81-899-64-7491 e-mail: yasuhito@m.ehime-u.ac.jp web: http://www.m.ehime-u.ac.jp/~yasuhito/Home.html From owner-recombination@net.bio.net Sat Nov 25 22:00:00 1995 Path: biosci!ATLAS.ODYSSEE.NET!dellaire From: dellaire@ATLAS.ODYSSEE.NET (Graham Dellaire) Newsgroups: bionet.molbio.recombination Subject: RECOM's Charter Date: 25 Nov 1995 16:08:37 -0800 Organization: BIOSCI International Newsgroups for Molecular Biology Lines: 121 Sender: daemon@net.bio.net Distribution: world Message-ID: <01BABB68.12571600@pool4_3.odyssee.net> NNTP-Posting-Host: net.bio.net Proposed USENET name: bionet.molbio.recombination (unmoderated) Proposed mailing list name: RECOMBINATION Proposed e-mail addresses: recom@net.bio.net recom@daresbury.ac.uk Discussion leaders: *Note: Area of expertise is written in brackets Graham Dellaire, e-mail: popa0206@po-box.mcgill.ca (b2xe@musicb.mcgill.ca) Department of Medicine (Div. of Exp. Medicine) McGill Univeristy, Montreal, Quebec, Canada *(Genome Accessibility, Line-1 sequences, Gene Conversion and Ectopic Integration.) George Szatmari, e-mail: szat@ere.umontreal.ca Assistant Professor Departement de Microbiologie et Immunologie Universite de Montreal CP 6128 Succursale Centre-Ville Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7 phone (514)343 5767 fax (514)343 5701 *(Site Specific Recombination Sytems) Terry Chow, e-mail: MDTY@musica.mcgill.ca Associate Professor Department of Oncology Division of Radiation-Oncology McGill University Montreal General Hospital 1650 Ave. Cedar Montreal, Quebec H3G 1A4 phone (514)934 8040 ext. 4179 fax (514)934 8220 *(Mammalian Genetics/gene therapy) Dana Lasko, e-mail: CZDL@musica.mcgill.ca Assistant Professor of Medicine and Human Genetics Project Director Terry Fox Molecular Oncology Group Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research 3755 Cote-Ste-Catherine Rd. Montreal, PQ Phone 340-8260 ext. 3454 (office and machine) or ext. 5251 (lab) Fax 340-7502 *(Replication and Recombination) Charter: The purpose of the RECOMBINATION newsgroup is to provide a proper forum for the discussion of issues pertaining and involving recombination of DNA or RNA, in its many forms (see _Topics of Discussion_). Primarily it should enable those researchers who work in recombination or aligned fields to communicate ideas and information, as well as, provide a chance for collaboration among national and international research groups. Topics of Discussion include: 1. Gene conversion and ectopic integration 2. Genome accessibility and nuclear/chromosome structure and recombination -Matrix attachment sites (MARS) -nucleosomes, histone 1 -recombination hotspots -fragile sites -origins of replication 3. Effect of DNA topology on recombination (Triple strand, Z-DNA, cruciform, bent etc) 4. Homologous recombination vs. nonhomologous or illegitimate -comparisons between bacterial, yeast and higher eukaryotic recombination systems (ex. fungi, mammals) 5. Models of recombination (One-end invasion, Double strand Break Repair, SSA etc) 6. Site-specific recombination systems (invertase, Cre and Flp recombinase etc) 7. Specific recombination systems in complex organisms -VDJ recombination -Antigenic variation and recombination (ex. trypanosomes, HIV, N.gonorrhea) -Yeast mating type locus 8. Transcription and recombination 9. DNA replication and recombination (ex. gene amplification (DHFR etc)) 10. Evolution of the Genome -retroposons (Line-1, Sine's), retroviruses and transposons -formation of gene clusters and comparative mapping -recombination between other repeat elements (alpha satellites, telomeres) 11. DNA repair systems and recombination (DSB and mismatch repair) -including DNA repair deficient diseases (ex. Xoderma Pigmentosum) 12. Applications of recombination -Gene therapy -Transgenics and gene transfer 13. Viral diversity through RNA recombination 14. Population genetics and recombination:i.e. as a source of allelic variation and as a measure of genetic exchange within and between populations. In addition this newsgroup provides: A forum for the exchange of information about future congresses and meetings in areas of molecular biology relating to recombination A forum for the exchange of information about textbooks, internet resources, visual materials, and computer programs. A source of quick help for last-minute troubleshooting, sources of materials, and practical advice; in areas such as -Vector design for transgene experiments -Gene transfer techniques -Animal models and cell lines -Gene therapy protocols Subscribers are welcome. Contributions within the functions outlined above are encouraged. The newsgroup is unmoderated. ----------------------------------------------------------------------