Two recent papers of interest:
Pleijel, F; Eide, R (1996): The phylogeny of Ophryotrocha (Dorvilleidae:
Eunicida: Polychaeta). J. Nat. Hist. 30(5), 647-659.
Abstract: The phylogeny of 20 cultured species of Ophryotrocha, including
a group of sibling species that can only be identified by biochemical or
reproductive information, is estimated from a combined parsimony analysis
of 32 morphological, reproductive and electrophoretic characters, with
selected members of Dorvillea, Ougia and Protodorvillea used as
outgroups. Sexual production in the group include simultaneous
hermaphroditism, protandrous sex reversal, an exceptional male/
hermaphrodite system, and gonochorism. According to the presented
phylogeny, simultaneous hermaphroditism appears as the primitive state in
the group. It is suggested that sequential hermaphroditism and gonochorism
are independently acquired, the latter state also giving rise to the
male/hermaphrodite system.
Nielsen, Claus; Scharff, Nikolaj; Eibye-Jacobsen, Danny (1996): Cladistic
analyses of the animal kingdom. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society
57, 385-410.
Abstract: A recently published book on the phylogeny of the animal
Kingdom [Nielsen, 1995] provided a classification based on a 'manual'
cladistic analysis at the phylum level. We have extracted a data matrix
consisting of 61 characters from 32 phyla from this book and treated it in
more formal analyses using three different parsimony programs. Following a
posteriori weighting, one cladogram emerged as the most parsimonious
explanation of the data. This cladogram is compared to those in recent
publications. Congruence is greatest with the phylogeny published by the
first author, as the monophyly of 18 of the 21 supraphyletic categories
proposed therein are supported in our cladogram. The exceptions are
Aschelminthes, Protornaeozoa and Neorenalia [Deuterostomes], but the latter
group does emerge as a monophyletic taxon in a number of equally
parsimonious, equally weighted trees. Comparisons with other recent
phylogenies show varying degrees of divergence, especially concerning the
monophyly of Spiralia and Articulata [here including molluscs], both of
which are advocated in the present paper. Significant characters of most of
the supraphyletic taxa proposed by the first author are discussed.
