[Microbiology] machine/database used to find out bacteria/virus/drug tia sal2

[sal2]

Greetings All

When doctors take samples of blood/urine  to find out what bacteria/virus/
drug they have.  What type of machine is used to find out what type of 
bacteria/virus/drug that is in their system?  I'm trying to find out the 
machine they use and the database they use to cross check bacteria/
viruses/drugs against each other.

tia sal2