Criteria for crediting discovery of new species

[fenton at connriver.net]

I am a fourth-grade teacher in Thetford,
Vermont, and would appreciate help with the
following queries.

Is there a scientific body that promulgates
criteria governing how someone gets credit for
the discovery of a new species?  Is so, what is
the body or what are the criteria?  How is
"discovery" defined in this context?

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