Improper Angles

[Axel T. Brunger]

> To Whomever Can Help,
>
> I'm sorta new to X-PLOR and molecular dynamics in general.  I've been
> reading the manual and find that I don't understand what an "improper"
> angle is.  How is that different from a dihedral angle?
>
> If anyone can help, I'd greatly appreciate it.


Have a look at:

 Brooks, B.R., Bruccoleri, R.E., Olafson, B.D., States, D.J.,
 Swaminathan, S. & Karplus, M. (1983).
 CHARMM: A Program for Macromolecular Energy, Minimization, and
 Dynamics Calculations.
 J. Comp. Chem. 4, 187--217.